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알파고로 대변되는 딥러닝 기법의 등장으로 인공지능은 기업 경쟁우위 확보를 위한 디지털 트랜스 포메이션의 핵심 주제로 급부상했다. 산업 내 인공지능 기반 디지털 트랜스포메이션 방향을 이해하기 위해서는 현재 진행 중인 인공지능 비즈니스 생태계 참여자들 유형 및 활동에 대한 명확한 이해가 선행되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 다행위자 네트워크(Multi-actor network)관점에서 인공지능 비즈니스 생태계 내부와 외부 참여자들의 활동을 분석하고 플랫폼 전략 유형을 규명하였다. 인공지능 비즈니스 생태계 내부 세 개 계층(인프라스트럭처 & 하드웨어, 소프트웨어 & 애플리케이션, 서비스 & 데이터 계층)에서 사업자들은 네 가지 플랫폼 전략 유형으로(기술수직×비즈수평, 기술수직×비즈수직, 기술수평 ×비즈수평, 기술수평×비즈수직) 인공지능 비즈니스가 진행되고 있다. 인공지능 비즈니스 생태계 외부에는 다섯 행위자들이(사용자, 투자자, 정부 정책가, 학계 등 컨소시엄, 시민단체) 공존 및 지속가능한 인공지능 비즈니스 생태계를 지원하고 있다. 본 연구는 학술적으로 인공지능 비즈니스 생태계 분석 프레임워크 및 인공지능 플랫폼 전략 모델을 제시하였고, 실무적으로 플랫폼 관점의 인공지능 디지털 트랜스포메이션 전략 방향과 지속가능한 인공지능 비즈니스 생태계 조성을 위한 정부, 학계 등의 역할을 제시했다.

Growth in online marketing has been unprecedented, and mainstream shopping is shifting from traditional stores to online shopping channels. However, many aspects of online consumer behavior remain unaddressed. In particular, the effects of gender differences in visual attention on shopping attitudes are a great challenge in online retailers’ attempts to understand consumers’ cognitive processing and strategies. This study was designed to investigate the effects of gender on visual attention to online shopping information and its influence on attitudes about the products displayed. Using an eye-tracking approach, the results identified significant gender differences in visual attention to online shopping information and shopping attitudes about the products presented. Female participants attended visually to most of the online shopping information areas to a greater degree than did males, and their attitudes about products were influenced to some degree by visual attention to the consumer opinion a...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a representative technological innovation for future computing and communications. IoT technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and sensors have garnered huge attention in both academia and industry. However, the expected rapid adoption and diffusion of IoT technologies have not yet taken place and there is still a lack of understanding about IoT and how industries can apply IoT properly. To understand IoT utilization, predict the diffusion trends of IoT, and provide reliable guidelines for potential IoT adopters, this study investigated the value configuration of IoT technologies, focusing on the utilization of specific technology attributes of IoT in particular business contexts. Based on 762 IoT business cases (2008–2012), this study explored the technology attributes and business contexts of IoT usage and identified five representative value configuration models of IoT through cluster analysis: ID-based service model, Multiple operation management model, Service-combined inventory management model, Intelligent inventory transport model, and Sensor-based multiple service model. In addition, propositions for IoT utilization in each industry were provided according to the five value configuration models. The research results provide a holistic view for understanding IoT utilization in various business areas and the value configuration framework approach provides a more elaborate frame to understand diffusion trends of new technology.

It is widely known that consumers' cognitive styles lead to making online shopping behavior react quite differently to various types of information on the online shopping websites. However, empirical results proving such premise from the perspective of eye-tracking are rare in literature. In this sense, this paper deals with two types of consumers’ cognitive styles- field-dependent and field-independent. Field-dependent users tend to follow other people's opinion, while field-independent users show maverick style of making decisions, trying not to be influenced by others. To add rigor to our empirical results, we analyzed users' eye-movements in response to information on the online shopping websites. Empirical results obtained from eye-tracking analysis revealed very robust and promising results. For a utilitarian product like notebook computer, the field-independent users showed higher TFD (Total Fixation Duration) and FC (Fixation Count) to product description information and product image information than the field-dependent users. For a hedonic product like perfume, field-independent users showed higher TFD and FC to product description and product image information than field-dependent users. As expected, field-dependent users showed higher TFD and FC to consumer review information than field-independent users. In this way, it is quite clear that the physiological information obtained from analysis of the eye-tracking data reveals more reliable and unique description of possible influences that consumers' cognitive styles may have on their online shopping behavior.

The purpose of this research is to remove barriers hindering radio frequency identification (RFID) adoption/diffusion in industries, and help firms develop effective supply chain management (SCM) practices utilizing RFID, by elucidating the specific mechanisms through which RFID influences supply chain performance (SCP). On the basis of the technology-organization-environment framework, this research examines the technological characteristics and practical context of RFID usage in our theoretical model. It investigates how RFID utilization contributes to supply chain information sharing (SCIS) and, in turn, how SCIS influences SCP. The supply chain culture of competitiveness (SCCC) is proposed as a moderator of the links between RFID utilization and SCIS, and between SCIS and SCP. RFID utilization enhances SCP through the mediating effect of SCIS. The SCCC moderates the effect of RFID utilization on SCIS and directly contributes to SCP. RFID utilization can be an alternative to supplement market competitiveness. Nevertheless, from a long-term perspective, supply chains should develop an SCM strategy, oriented toward learning, innovativeness and entrepreneurship, for the enormous impacts of SCCC on SCP. On the basis of the resource-based view, we focus on the notion of the SCCC instead of individual firm characteristics to operationalize organizational characteristics.

Despite the many concerns and expectations of academia and the practitioner community, a radio frequency identification (RFID)–based food traceability system (FTS) has not yet been successfully developed and implemented in the food industry. Through closer examination of unsuccessful pilot projects of RFID-based traceability systems for the Korean ginseng industry, this study proposes business process reengineering points with RFID and sensor technology and an RFID-based ginseng traceability system architecture according to the Electronic Product Code (EPC) global framework. This approach and system architecture will contribute to the successful development and implementation of an RFID-based FTS for food products. In addition, this study extends the scope of the theoretical discussion of RFID-based FTSs for health foods and medical herbs, like ginseng.

Despite a strong shift to mobile shopping trends, many in-depth questions about mobile shoppers' visual behaviors in mobile shopping environments remain unaddressed. This study aims to answer two challenging research questions (RQs): (a) how much does shopping motivation like goal orientation and recreation influence mobile shoppers' visual behavior toward displays of shopping information on a mobile shopping screen and (b) how much of mobile shoppers' visual behavior influences their purchase intention for the products displayed on a mobile shopping screen? An eye-tracking approach is adopted to answer the RQs empirically. The experimental results showed that goal-oriented shoppers paid closer attention to products' information areas to meet their shopping goals. Their purchase intention was positively influenced by their visual attention to the two areas of interest such as product information and consumer opinions. In contrast, recreational shoppers tended to visually fixate on the promotion area, which positively influences their purchase intention. The results contribute to understanding mobile shoppers' visual behaviors and shopping intentions from the perspective of mindset theory.

This study presents a comprehensive framework to identify dynamic radio frequency identification (RFID) adoption and diffusion from three different perspectives: stages of adoption, levels of analysis, and domain of issues. The main concern of this study is stages of adoption, which covers three phases in respect of the maturity of the RFID project and the sophistication of business applications and RFID technology. The level of analysis involves different units of analysis beyond the organization level, including the industry- and country-level, which is lacking in the current literature. To understand dimensions of RFID issues, a strategy, technology, organization, people and environment (STOPE) based approach was applied. An extensive review of prior literature was conducted to find various RFID success factors and the Delphi method was applied to find positions of these factors within the framework. Based on the Delphi, some factors belong to early stage of adoption, and some others persist in the later stages of adoption. At the country level, factors such as RFID national policy, RD strategy and environment were accepted as important domains. To find practical implications of the framework, a case study of Indonesia was conducted at each level of analysis. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to identify most important factors and important domains of issues with respect to the factors from the Delphi results. At country level, RFID policy, vision of leadership and RFID potential market are the most important factors; strategy and environment are the most important domains.

Although there has been a growing interest in studying RFID in various application areas, little research has been undertaken to address applications in developing countries. Among the research that has been undertaken in developing countries, organizational perspectives have received considerable attention but less has been undertaken from other perspectives such as industry and country level. In this paper, a literature study of RFID adoption from different perspectives is presented and focuses on the stages of adoption, level of analysis, and issues of developing countries. A stage-scale (2S) framework is proposed to help identify relevant success factors in RFID adoption and diffusion, as well as its relation to other factors. It is concluded that the proposed framework is useful in providing a broad view of RFID adoption and in observing the dynamic changes in RFID issues from different stages, which is useful for policy and decision makers. Based on this framework, most factors of RFID adoption in developing countries fall within the preliminary stage, while the factors that are shared with developed countries are mostly situated in intermediate stages.