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11 results on '"Yoon, Kyoungjin J."'

7. Emergence of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the United States: clinical signs, lesions, and viral genomic sequences

Author

Stevenson, Gregory W., primary, Hoang, Hai, additional, Schwartz, Kent J., additional, Burrough, Eric R., additional, Sun, Dong, additional, Madson, Darin, additional, Cooper, Vickie L., additional, Pillatzki, Angela, additional, Gauger, Philip, additional, Schmitt, Beverly J., additional, Koster, Leo G., additional, Killian, Mary L., additional, and Yoon, Kyoungjin J., additional

Published
2013
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9. Development of a panel of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for simultaneous detection of major agents causing calf diarrhea in feces.

Author

Yong-Il Cho, Won-Il Kim, Siyuan Liu, Kinyon, Joann M., and Yoon, Kyoungjin J.

Subjects
POLYMERASE chain reaction, BOVINE viral diarrhea, CORONAVIRUSES, CRYPTOSPORIDIUM, ESCHERICHIA coli, ROTAVIRUSES, SALMONELLA
Abstract

The article discusses the development of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays in the simultaneous detection of five major bovine enteric pathogens such as Bovine coronavirus (BCoV), group A Bovine rotavirus (BRV), Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli K99+ and Cryptosporidium parvum. 243 fecal samples were used in the study. The tests found that the multiplex real-time PCR panel simultaneously detected all 5 bovine pathogens from fecal samples faster than traditional diagnostic tests.

Published
2010
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10. Emergence of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virusin the United States: clinical signs, lesions, and viral genomic sequences

Author

Stevenson, Gregory W., Hoang, Hai, Schwartz, Kent J., Burrough, Eric R., Sun, Dong, Madson, Darin, Cooper, Vickie L., Pillatzki, Angela, Gauger, Philip, Schmitt, Beverly J., Koster, Leo G., Killian, Mary L., and Yoon, Kyoungjin J.

Abstract

During the 10 days commencing April 29, 2013, the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory received the first 4 of many submissions from swine farms experiencing explosive epidemics of diarrhea and vomiting affecting all ages, with 90–95% mortality in suckling pigs. Histology revealed severe atrophy of villi in all segments of the small intestines with occasional villus-epithelial syncytial cells, but testing for rotaviruses and Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (Alphacoronavirus 1) were negative. Negative-staining electron microscopy of feces revealed coronavirus-like particles and a pan-coronavirus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) designed to amplify a conserved region of the polymerase gene for all members in the family Coronaviridaeproduced expected 251-bp amplicons. Subsequent sequencing and analysis revealed 99.6–100% identity among the PCR amplicons from the 4 farms and 97–99% identity to the corresponding portion of the polymerase gene of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV) strains, with the highest identity (99%) to strains from China in 2012. Findings were corroborated at National Veterinary Services Laboratories using 2 nested S-gene and 1 nested N-gene PCR tests where the sequenced amplicons also had the highest identity with 2012 China strains. Whole genome sequence for the virus from 2 farms in 2 different states using next-generation sequencing technique was compared to PEDV sequences available in GenBank. The 2013 U.S. PEDV had 96.6–99.5% identity with all known PEDV strains and the highest identity (>99.0%) to some of the 2011–2012 Chinese strains. The nearly simultaneous outbreaks of disease, and high degree of homology (99.6–100%) between the PEDV strains from the 4 unrelated farms, suggests a common source of virus.

Published
2013
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11. Chronic exercise reduces illness severity, decreases viral load, and results in greater anti-inflammatory effects than acute exercise during influenza infection.

Author

Sim YJ, Yu S, Yoon KJ, Loiacono CM, and Kohut ML

Subjects
Animals, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid immunology, Chemokines analysis, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Orthomyxoviridae Infections physiopathology, Physical Fitness, Severity of Illness Index, Viral Load, Exercise Therapy methods, Influenza A virus, Orthomyxoviridae Infections immunology, Orthomyxoviridae Infections prevention & control
Abstract

Background: It is assumed that moderate exercise may improve resistance to infection and reduce inflammation, but there are limited data to support this assumption in an infection model., Methods: BALB/cJ mice were assigned to the following groups: no exercise (NON-EX), 1 session of acute exercise (A-EX), or chronic exercise for approximately 3.5 months (C-EX). Mice were infected with influenza (C-EX mice infected at rest; A-EX mice infected 15 min after exercise)., Results: C-EX mice demonstrated the lowest severity of infection, assessed by body weight loss and food intake. There was less virus in the lungs at day 5 after infection in C-EX and A-EX mice compared with NON-EX mice (P = .02) and less virus at day 2 after infection only in C-EX mice (P = .07). Soon after infection (day 2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were lower in C-EX and A-EX than in NON-EX mice. At day 5 after infection, the BAL fluid from C-EX (but not A-EX) mice had less IL-6, interleukin 12p40, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, keratinococyte-derived chemokine, and MCP-1 than that from NON-EX mice. A trend toward reduced immunopathologic response was found in C-EX mice., Conclusions: Chronic exercise resulted in reduced symptoms, virus load, and levels of inflammatory cytokine and chemokines. Acute exercise also showed some benefit, which was limited to the early phase of infection.

Published
2009
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