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20. The International Human Epigenome Consortium: A Blueprint for Scientific Collaboration and Discovery

Author

Stunnenberg, Hendrik G., primary, Hirst, Martin, additional, Abrignani, Sergio, additional, Adams, David, additional, de Almeida, Melanie, additional, Altucci, Lucia, additional, Amin, Viren, additional, Amit, Ido, additional, Antonarakis, Stylianos E., additional, Aparicio, Samuel, additional, Arima, Takahiro, additional, Arrigoni, Laura, additional, Arts, Rob, additional, Asnafi, Vahid, additional, Esteller, Manel, additional, Bae, Jae-Bum, additional, Bassler, Kevin, additional, Beck, Stephan, additional, Berkman, Benjamin, additional, Bernstein, Bradley E., additional, Bilenky, Mikhail, additional, Bird, Adrian, additional, Bock, Christoph, additional, Boehm, Bernhard, additional, Bourque, Guillaume, additional, Breeze, Charles E., additional, Brors, Benedikt, additional, Bujold, David, additional, Burren, Oliver, additional, Bussemakers, Marion J., additional, Butterworth, Adam, additional, Campo, Elias, additional, Carrillo-de-Santa-Pau, Enrique, additional, Chadwick, Lisa, additional, Chan, Kui Ming, additional, Chen, Wei, additional, Cheung, Tom H., additional, Chiapperino, Luca, additional, Choi, Nak Hyen, additional, Chung, Ho-Ryun, additional, Clarke, Laura, additional, Connors, Joseph M., additional, Cronet, Philippe, additional, Danesh, John, additional, Dermitzakis, Manolis, additional, Drewes, Gerard, additional, Durek, Pawel, additional, Dyke, Stephanie, additional, Dylag, Tomasz, additional, Eaves, Connie J., additional, Ebert, Peter, additional, Eils, Roland, additional, Eils, Jürgen, additional, Ennis, Catherine A., additional, Enver, Tariq, additional, Feingold, Elise A., additional, Felder, Bärbel, additional, Ferguson-Smith, Anne, additional, Fitzgibbon, Jude, additional, Flicek, Paul, additional, Foo, Roger S.-Y., additional, Fraser, Peter, additional, Frontini, Mattia, additional, Furlong, Eileen, additional, Gakkhar, Sitanshu, additional, Gasparoni, Nina, additional, Gasparoni, Gilles, additional, Geschwind, Daniel H., additional, Glažar, Petar, additional, Graf, Thomas, additional, Grosveld, Frank, additional, Guan, Xin-Yuan, additional, Guigo, Roderic, additional, Gut, Ivo G., additional, Hamann, Alf, additional, Han, Bok-Ghee, additional, Harris, R. Alan, additional, Heath, Simon, additional, Helin, Kristian, additional, Hengstler, Jan G., additional, Heravi-Moussavi, Alireza, additional, Herrup, Karl, additional, Hill, Steven, additional, Hilton, Jason A., additional, Hitz, Benjamin C., additional, Horsthemke, Bernhard, additional, Hu, Ming, additional, Hwang, Joo-Yeon, additional, Ip, Nancy Y., additional, Ito, Takashi, additional, Javierre, Biola-Maria, additional, Jenko, Sasa, additional, Jenuwein, Thomas, additional, Joly, Yann, additional, Jones, Steven J.M., additional, Kanai, Yae, additional, Kang, Hee Gyung, additional, Karsan, Aly, additional, Kiemer, Alexandra K., additional, Kim, Song Cheol, additional, Kim, Bong-Jo, additional, Kim, Hyeon-Hoe, additional, Kimura, Hiroshi, additional, Kinkley, Sarah, additional, Klironomos, Filippos, additional, Koh, In-Uk, additional, Kostadima, Myrto, additional, Kressler, Christopher, additional, Kreuzhuber, Roman, additional, Kundaje, Anshul, additional, Küppers, Ralf, additional, Larabell, Carolyn, additional, Lasko, Paul, additional, Lathrop, Mark, additional, Lee, Daniel H.S., additional, Lee, Suman, additional, Lehrach, Hans, additional, Leitão, Elsa, additional, Lengauer, Thomas, additional, Lernmark, Åke, additional, Leslie, R. David, additional, Leung, Gilberto K.K., additional, Leung, Danny, additional, Loeffler, Markus, additional, Ma, Yussanne, additional, Mai, Antonello, additional, Manke, Thomas, additional, Marcotte, Eric R., additional, Marra, Marco A., additional, Martens, Joost H.A., additional, Martin-Subero, Jose Ignacio, additional, Maschke, Karen, additional, Merten, Christoph, additional, Milosavljevic, Aleksandar, additional, Minucci, Saverio, additional, Mitsuyama, Totai, additional, Moore, Richard A., additional, Müller, Fabian, additional, Mungall, Andrew J., additional, Netea, Mihai G., additional, Nordström, Karl, additional, Norstedt, Irene, additional, Okae, Hiroaki, additional, Onuchic, Vitor, additional, Ouellette, Francis, additional, Ouwehand, Willem, additional, Pagani, Massimiliano, additional, Pancaldi, Vera, additional, Pap, Thomas, additional, Pastinen, Tomi, additional, Patel, Ronak, additional, Paul, Dirk S., additional, Pazin, Michael J., additional, Pelicci, Pier Giuseppe, additional, Phillips, Anthony G., additional, Polansky, Julia, additional, Porse, Bo, additional, Pospisilik, J. Andrew, additional, Prabhakar, Shyam, additional, Procaccini, Dena C., additional, Radbruch, Andreas, additional, Rajewsky, Nikolaus, additional, Rakyan, Vardham, additional, Reik, Wolf, additional, Ren, Bing, additional, Richardson, David, additional, Richter, Andreas, additional, Rico, Daniel, additional, Roberts, David J., additional, Rosenstiel, Philip, additional, Rothstein, Mark, additional, Salhab, Abdulrahman, additional, Sasaki, Hiroyuki, additional, Satterlee, John S., additional, Sauer, Sascha, additional, Schacht, Claudia, additional, Schmidt, Florian, additional, Schmitz, Gerd, additional, Schreiber, Stefan, additional, Schröder, Christopher, additional, Schübeler, Dirk, additional, Schultze, Joachim L., additional, Schulyer, Ronald P., additional, Schulz, Marcel, additional, Seifert, Martin, additional, Shirahige, Katsuhiko, additional, Siebert, Reiner, additional, Sierocinski, Thomas, additional, Siminoff, Laura, additional, Sinha, Anupam, additional, Soranzo, Nicole, additional, Spicuglia, Salvatore, additional, Spivakov, Mikhail, additional, Steidl, Christian, additional, Strattan, J. Seth, additional, Stratton, Michael, additional, Südbeck, Peter, additional, Sun, Hao, additional, Suzuki, Narumi, additional, Suzuki, Yutaka, additional, Tanay, Amos, additional, Torrents, David, additional, Tyson, Frederick L., additional, Ulas, Thomas, additional, Ullrich, Sebastian, additional, Ushijima, Toshikazu, additional, Valencia, Alfonso, additional, Vellenga, Edo, additional, Vingron, Martin, additional, Wallace, Chris, additional, Wallner, Stefan, additional, Walter, Jörn, additional, Wang, Huating, additional, Weber, Stephanie, additional, Weiler, Nina, additional, Weller, Andreas, additional, Weng, Andrew, additional, Wilder, Steven, additional, Wiseman, Sam M., additional, Wu, Angela R., additional, Wu, Zhenguo, additional, Xiong, Jieyi, additional, Yamashita, Yasuhiro, additional, Yang, Xinyi, additional, Yap, Desmond Y., additional, Yip, Kevin Y., additional, Yip, Stephen, additional, Yoo, Jae-Il, additional, Zerbino, Daniel, additional, and Zipprich, Gideon, additional

Published
2016
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21. Small-Colony Variants in Persistent and RecurrentStaphylococcus aureusBacteremia

Author

Kim, Nak-Hyun, primary, Kang, Yu Min, additional, Han, Woong Dae, additional, Park, Kyoung Un, additional, Park, Kay-Hyun, additional, Yoo, Jae Il, additional, Lee, Dong-Gun, additional, Park, Chulmin, additional, Song, Kyoung-Ho, additional, Kim, Eu Suk, additional, Park, Sang Won, additional, Kim, Nam Joong, additional, Oh, Myoung-don, additional, and Kim, Hong Bin, additional

Published
2016
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35. Distribution of Genes Encoding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes and Type Staphylococcal Chromosomal Cassette mec in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Non-tertiary Hospitals

Author

Jung, Young-Hee, primary, Kim, Kwang Wook, additional, Cha, Jeong Ok, additional, Lee, Kyeong Min, additional, Yoo, Jae Il, additional, Yoo, Jeong Sik, additional, Kim, Bong Su, additional, Oh, Young Ju, additional, Yoon, Hye Ryoung, additional, and Lee, Yeong Seon, additional

Published
2008
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39. National surveillance of antifungal susceptibility of Candida species in South Korean hospitals.

Author

Yoo, Jae Il, Choi, Chi Won, Lee, Kyeong Min, Kim, Young Kwon, Kim, Tae Un, Kim, Eui-Chong, Joo, Sae Ik, Yun, Seon Han, Lee, Yeong Seon, and Kim, Bong Su

Abstract

We investigated the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates from tertiary and non-tertiary hospitals in South Korea from 2002-2004. Of the 612 Candida isolates that were collected, Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata occurred most frequently, accounting for 97.3% and 96.8% of the isolates in tertiary and non-tertiary hospitals, respectively. C. albicans was the most common isolate, but the incidence of non-C. albicans Candida species was higher than that of C. albicans in tertiary hospitals. The Candida species had much lower MIC90 to voriconazole (tertiary hospitals: 0.5 µg/ml, non-tertiary hospitals: 0.25 µg/ml) than to fluconazole (tertiary hospitals: 8 µg/ml, non-tertiary hospitals: 4 µg/ml). The MIC90 of Candida isolates to 5-flucytosine in non-tertiary hospitals was two times higher than that observed in tertiary facilities. The C. glabrata isolates showed a tendency toward strong resistance to fluconazole, but C. parapsilosis isolates were susceptible to all of the evaluated antifungal agents. Voriconazole showed strong in vitro activity against Candida species, especially C. krusei, which is resistant to fluconazole and 5-flucytosine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Candida antifungal susceptibility that includes non-tertiary hospitals in South Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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40. Characterization of Two Newly Identified Genes, vgaDand vatG, Conferring Resistance to Streptogramin A in Enterococcus faecium

Author

Jung, Young-Hee, Shin, Eun Shim, Kim, Okgene, Yoo, Jung Sik, Lee, Kyeong Min, Yoo, Jae Il, Chung, Gyung Tae, and Lee, Yeong Seon

Abstract

ABSTRACTWe characterized two new streptogramin A resistance genes from quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant Enterococcus faeciumJS79, which was selected from 79 E. faeciumisolates lacking known genes encoding streptogramin A acetyltransferase. A 5,650-bp fragment of HindIII-digested plasmid DNA from E. faeciumJS79 was cloned and sequenced. The fragment contained two open reading frames carrying resistance genes related to streptogramin A, namely, genes for an acetyltransferase and an ATP efflux pump. The first open reading frame comprised 648 bp encoding 216 amino acids with a predicted left-handed parallel β-helix domain structure; this new gene was designated vatG. The second open reading frame consisted of 1,575 bp encoding 525 amino acids with two predicted ATPase binding cassette transporters comprised of Walker A, Walker B, and LSSG motifs; this gene was designated vgaD. vgaDis located 65 bp upstream from vatG, was detected together with vatGin 12 of 179 quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant E. faeciumisolates, and was located on the same plasmid. Also, the 5.6-kb HindIII-digested fragment which was observed in JS79 was detected in nine vgaD- and vatG-containing E. faeciumisolates by Southern hybridization. Therefore, it was expected that these two genes were strongly correlated with each other and that they may be composed of a transposon. Importantly, vgaDis the first identified ABC transporter conferring resistance to streptogramin A in E. faecium. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and sequence types of vgaD- and vatG-containing E. faeciumisolates differed for isolates from humans and nonhumans.

Published
2010
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41. Clonal Dissemination and mupAGene Polymorphism of Mupirocin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusIsolates from Long-Term-Care Facilities in South Korea

Author

Yoo, Jae Il, Shin, Eun Shim, Cha, Jeong Ok, Lee, Jeom Kyu, Jung, Young Hee, Lee, Kyeong Min, Kim, Bong Su, and Lee, Yeong Seon

Abstract

ABSTRACTWe identified 25 high-level mupirocin-resistant (MuH) and 21 low-level mupirocin-resistant (MuL) Staphylococcus aureusisolates from eight long-term-care facilities (LTCFs). The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of 19 MuH and 19 MuL isolates from two facilities were identical for 18 and 15 isolates, respectively. The most predominant mupArestriction fragment length polymorphism type was found in 21 MuH isolates. We conclude that clonal transmission of MuH and MuL S. aureusstrains occurred in these LTCFs. This is the first report of clonal transfer of mupirocin resistance in LTCFs.

Published
2006
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44. Small-Colony Variants in Persistent and Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Author

Kim, Nak-Hyun, Kang, Yu Min, Han, Woong Dae, Park, Kyoung Un, Park, Kay-Hyun, Yoo, Jae Il, Lee, Dong-Gun, Park, Chulmin, Song, Kyoung-Ho, Kim, Eu Suk, Park, Sang Won, Kim, Nam Joong, Oh, Myoung-don, and Kim, Hong Bin

Subjects
*STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus, *PHENOTYPES, *MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, *METHICILLIN-resistant staphylococcus aureus, *GENOTYPES
Abstract

The small-colony variant (SCV) phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus is associated with intracellular persistence and reduced antimicrobial susceptibility, which can lead to therapeutic failure. Since SCVs grow slowly and have a confusing morphology, the identification of infections due to SCV is difficult. We have identified SCVs in two patients who presented with persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia complicated by surgical site infections after cardiothoracic surgery. Nine blood isolates were collected from the two patients for species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and phenotypic and genotypic characterization. Colonies on Columbia blood agar were pinpoint, nonpigmented, nonhemolytic, and reverted to normal colonies after 48 hr of incubation on Schaedler agar. Auxotrophy assays revealed hemin dependence. Susceptibility to vancomycin (minimal inhibitory concentrations 1.0 μg/mL) was confirmed by E-test and broth microdilution test. All the isolates were identified as MRSA by multiplex polymerase chain reaction specific for the mecA, femA, and 16S rRNA genes, and all had the same genotype: Multilocus sequence typing ST5, SCC mec type II, agr type II, and spa type t2460. Moreover pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed that all nine isolates belonged to the same clone. Mutations in the relA gene were not found, and none of the isolates was identified as hVISA by population analysis profiling-AUC ratio. A high level of suspicion is required to detect SCVs, and although it is not common, the possibility of the SCV phenotype has to be considered in persistent S. aureus bacteremia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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45. Molecular and epidemiological characterization of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in non-tertiary Korean hospitals.

Author

Park S, Kim HS, Lee KM, Yoo JS, Yoo JI, Lee YS, and Chung GT

Subjects
Acinetobacter Infections epidemiology, Acinetobacter baumannii classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Bacterial Typing Techniques, DNA, Bacterial analysis, Hospitals, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular Epidemiology, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prevalence, Republic of Korea, beta-Lactamases genetics, Acinetobacter Infections microbiology, Acinetobacter baumannii genetics, Carbapenems therapeutic use, Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Abstract

Purpose: The increasing prevalence and global spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has become a serious problem. The aim of this study was to investigate molecular and epidemiological characteristics of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates collected from Korean non-tertiary hospitals., Materials and Methods: Thirty six non-duplicated carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates were collected from 17 non-tertiary hospitals in Korea between 2004 and 2006. Isolates were typed by multilocus sequence typing and repetitive-sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR). Detection of genes encoding OXA carbapenemase and their relationship with ISAba1 was performed by PCR., Results: Two clones were prevalent among 36 isolates: ST69 (17 isolates, 47.2%) and ST92 (19 isolates, 52.8%). Rep-PCR patterns were diverse and revealed that all isolates were clustered into eight band patterns. The ISAba1-activated blaOXA-23-like and ISAba1-activated blaOXA-51-like genes were prevalent among the carbapenem- resistant A. baumannii isolates., Conclusion: The class D β-lactamase genes of A. baumannii were distributed nationwide in non-tertiary Korean hospitals.

Published
2013
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46. Evaluation of MGIT 960 System for the Second-Line Drugs Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Author

Kim H, Seo M, Park YK, Yoo JI, Lee YS, Chung GT, and Ryoo S

Abstract

Many laboratories validate DST of the second-line drugs by BACTEC MGIT 960 system. The objective of this study is to evaluate the critical concentration and perform DST for the 2nd line drugs. We evaluated 193 clinical strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from patients in South Korea. Testing the critical concentration of six second-line drugs was performed by MGIT 960 and compared with L-J proportion method. The critical concentration was determined to establish the most one that gave the difference between drug resistance and susceptibility in MGIT960 system. Good agreement of the following concentrations was found: Concordance was 95% for 0.5  μ g/mL of moxifloxacin; 93.6%, 1.0  μ g/mL of levofloxacin; 97.5%, 2.5  μ g/mL of kanamycin; 90.6%, 2.5  μ g/mL of capreomycin; 86.2%, 5.0  μ g/mL of ethionamide; and 90.8%, 2.0  μ g/mL of ρ-aminosalicylic acid. The critical concentrations of the four drugs, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin, were concordant and reliable for testing 2nd line drug resistance. Further study of ethionamide and ρ -aminosalicylic acid is required.

Published
2013
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47. Characterization of two newly identified genes, vgaD and vatH, [corrected] conferring resistance to streptogramin A in Enterococcus faecium.

Author

Jung YH, Shin ES, Kim O, Yoo JS, Lee KM, Yoo JI, Chung GT, and Lee YS

Subjects
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters chemistry, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters genetics, Amino Acid Sequence, Bacterial Proteins chemistry, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Blotting, Southern, DNA Transposable Elements genetics, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Enterococcus faecium genetics, Enterococcus faecium metabolism, Genotype, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Enterococcus faecium drug effects, Streptogramin A pharmacology
Abstract

We characterized two new streptogramin A resistance genes from quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant Enterococcus faecium JS79, which was selected from 79 E. faecium isolates lacking known genes encoding streptogramin A acetyltransferase. A 5,650-bp fragment of HindIII-digested plasmid DNA from E. faecium JS79 was cloned and sequenced. The fragment contained two open reading frames carrying resistance genes related to streptogramin A, namely, genes for an acetyltransferase and an ATP efflux pump. The first open reading frame comprised 648 bp encoding 216 amino acids with a predicted left-handed parallel β-helix domain structure; this new gene was designated vatH. [corrected] The second open reading frame consisted of 1,575 bp encoding 525 amino acids with two predicted ATPase binding cassette transporters comprised of Walker A, Walker B, and LSSG motifs; this gene was designated vgaD. vgaD is located 65 bp upstream from vatH, [corrected] was detected together with vatH [corrected] in 12 of 179 quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant E. faecium isolates, and was located on the same plasmid. Also, the 5.6-kb HindIII-digested fragment which was observed in JS79 was detected in nine vgaD- and vatH-containing [corrected] E. faecium isolates by Southern hybridization. Therefore, it was expected that these two genes were strongly correlated with each other and that they may be composed of a transposon. Importantly, vgaD is the first identified ABC transporter conferring resistance to streptogramin A in E. faecium. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and sequence types of vgaD- and vatH-containing [corrected] E. faecium isolates differed for isolates from humans and nonhumans.

Published
2010
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48. High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from long-term care facilities in Korea.

Author

Yoo JS, Byeon J, Yang J, Yoo JI, Chung GT, and Lee YS

Subjects
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacterial Proteins classification, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Cross Infection microbiology, DNA Primers genetics, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Humans, Klebsiella pneumoniae drug effects, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation & purification, Long-Term Care, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Prevalence, Republic of Korea, beta-Lactamases classification, beta-Lactamases genetics, Bacterial Proteins biosynthesis, Escherichia coli enzymology, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Klebsiella Infections microbiology, Klebsiella pneumoniae enzymology, beta-Lactamases biosynthesis
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time the prevalence and types of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (PABL) in Enterobacteriaceae in Korean long-term care facilities (LTCFs). ESBL rates were 45.3% (72/159) in Escherichia coli and 42.7% (50/117) in Klebsiella pneumoniae. In E. coli, CTX-M-28, the most prevalent ESBLs, was identified for the first time in Korea in 44 isolates. In K. pneumoniae, SHV-12 was found in 27 isolates (52.9% of ESBLs), among which 25 isolates also contained SHV-11. Twenty-seven isolates had SHV and CTX-M beta-lactamase simultaneously. PABL genes were detected in 39.3% (46/117) of K. pneumoniae and 3.1% (5/159) E. coli. In E. coli, DHA-1(3), CMY-2(1), and CMY-6(1) were detected, whereas in K. pneumoniae, only DHA-1 was detected. Among the PABL-producing organisms, 80.0% (E. coli) and 52.2% (K. pneumoniae) simultaneously produced ESBLs. In conclusion, LTCF residents in Korea have a very high prevalence of E. coli and K. pneumoniae producing ESBLs, PABLs, or both, and the genotypes of ESBL and PABL were identical with those found in general hospitals.

Published
2010
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49. Investigation of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing SHV-12 and SHV-11 beta-lactamases in Korean hospitals.

Author

Lee KM, Yoo JI, Yoo YS, Yoo JS, Chung GT, Ahn TI, and Lee YS

Subjects
Blotting, Southern methods, DNA Primers, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Hospitals standards, Humans, Klebsiella Infections drug therapy, Klebsiella Infections epidemiology, Klebsiella pneumoniae drug effects, Klebsiella pneumoniae genetics, Korea, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Phenotype, Plasmids genetics, Sputum microbiology, beta-Lactamases metabolism, Klebsiella pneumoniae enzymology, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation & purification, beta-Lactamases genetics
Abstract

Of 143 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from Korean non-tertiary hospitals, 24 (16.8%) showed an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive phenotype. PCR and sequence analysis revealed the presence of TEM-116 (n=13), CTX-M-3 (n=5), CTX-M-14 (n=2), CTX-M-15 (n=3), and SHV-12 (n=16). Each of the 24 isolates encoded more than one beta-lactamase, and seven isolates (29%) harbored two different SHV-type beta-lactamase genes (blaSHV-11 and blaSHV-12) bounded by insertion sequence IS26 in a single transferable plasmid.

Published
2009
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