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Lung cancer (LC) is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. The development of new molecular markers and the early diagnosis of LC and the exploration of emerging targeted therapies are of great significance. Therefore, this study systematically evaluates the correlation between peripheral serum MIC-1 levels and LC. Search PubMed, Web of Science, Medline and other databases, the search time is from the establishment of the database to July 2021. The LC group included LC patients, the Non-cancer group included patients with benign lung diseases (BLD), and the control group included healthy people. The serum MIC-1 levels of LC group and control group, LC group and Non-cancer group were compared respectively, and the correlation between serum MIC-1 and clinical characteristics of LC patients was evaluated and analyzed, and the ROC curve of MIC-1 in prediction of LC. Finally, 5 articles were included, including 1179 patients with LC, 109 patients with BLD, and 1020 healthy people. Meta-analysis results: the level of MIC-1 in LC group was overtop that in healthy group, and the difference was obvious [SMD=1.97, 95%CI (1.35, 2.59), PC0.00001]. The level of MIC-1 in LC group was overtop that in Non-cancer group, and the difference was obvious [SMD=382.97,95%CI (313.74, 452.19), PC0.00001]. The descriptive evaluation analyzes the correlation between MIC-1 and the clinical characteristics of LC group, and the results show that MIC-1 has a certain correlation with the stage of LC group. The AUC of serum MIC-1 in the identification of LC group and the control group was greater than 0.5. The AUC value of MIC-1 in the diagnosis of LC was 0.851-0.906, and the best sensitivity range was 63.50%-99.00%. The best specificity is in the range of 70.4%-95.80%. The Meta-analysis indicated that the serum MIC-1 level in LC group is overtop that in BLD and healthy people, and has a obvious correlation with LC stage staging; and the ROC curve shows that it has important significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of LC.

Postoperative nutritional therapy is of paramount importance for patients undergoing esophagectomy. The jejunostomy and nasoenteral tube are the popular routes for nutritional therapy. However, which one is the preferred route is unclear. This study aims to analyze the differences in safety and efficacy of the two routes for nutritional therapy.PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE (till September 17, 2020) were searched. The primary outcome was postoperative pneumonia. Secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stays (LOS), bowel obstruction, catheter dislocation, anastomotic leakage, overall postoperative complications, and postoperative albumin. Weighted mean differences (WMD) and odds ratios (OR) were calculated for statistical analysis.Ten studies involving a total of 1,531 patients in the jejunostomy group and 1,375 patients in the nasoenteral tube group were included. Compared with patients in the nasoenteral tube group, those in the jejunostomy group had a lower incidence of postoperative pneumonia (OR = 0.68, P0.001), shorter LOS (WMD = -0.85, P0.001), and lower risk of catheter dislocation (OR = 0.15, P = 0.001). There were no significant differences in the incidence of anastomotic leakage (OR = 0.84, P = 0.43), overall postoperative complications (OR = 0.87, P = 0.59), and postoperative albumin (WMD = -0.40, P = 0.24). However, patients in the jejunostomy group had a higher risk of bowel obstruction (OR = 8.42, P = 0.002).Jejunostomy for enteral nutrition showed superior outcomes in terms of postoperative pneumonia, LOS, and catheter dislocation. Jejunostomy may be the preferred enteral nutritional route following esophagectomy.

Managing patients with pulmonary contusion safely and effectively during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is challenging. This retrospective study analyzes the clinical data of 29 consecutive patients with pulmonary contusion, including two with COVID-19, at Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China, in January and February, 2020. We analyzed the clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, computed tomography (CT) images, treatment, and clinical outcomes. The two patients with pulmonary contusion and COVID-19 had increased leukocyte and neutrophil counts, similar to the patients with pulmonary contusion alone. Interestingly, both these patients had subpleural ground glass opacity on CT images as a typical manifestation of COVID-19. All 29 patients were treated conservatively, including with closed thoracic drainage, instead of with thoracotomy. Six patients died of ARDS or craniocerebral injury, but the others stabilized. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with pulmonary contusion should be tested for SARS-CoV-2 and unless critical, thoracotomy should be avoided.

This study was to screen a strain with both branched-chain amino acid transaminase (BCAT) and protease activities for producing methyl-branched flavor compounds in a myofibrillar protein extract model. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was isolated from Jinhua ham and screened with BCAT activity by an electrochemical sensor and protease activity by the agar plate method. In the culture medium, strain L6 was selected with high utilization rate and characteristic metabolites content of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), and identified as Lactobacillus fermentum YZU-06 (L. fermentum). Compared with the previously reported L. plantarum, L. fermentum exhibited an excellent capacity of hydrolyzing myofibrillar protein with the higher contents of free amino acids, peptides and small molecular weight proteins. Moreover, L. fermentum group presented more BCAAs metabolites of 2-methylbutanal and 3-methylbutanal than that of L. plantarum group. In conclusion, L. fermentum YZU-06 is a promising starter culture to improve the flavor of fermented meat products.

In this work, copper selenide (Cu

At present, there are many acceleration sensors for measuring human martial arts in the market. However, due to the inaccurate measurement of some acceleration sensors, people who love martial arts are deeply troubled and unable to find an excellent acceleration sensor specifically for energy consumption detection of human martial arts. The development of this sensor is imminent, which is of great significance for the comparative study of energy consumption measurement of human martial arts in our country. In this study, 160 students aged 11–14 years were selected, and the subjects were divided into normal body mass group and abnormal body mass group. Of the 96 male adolescents, 32 were obese body mass, which was determined as male abnormal body mass Group; 64 male adolescents were normal body weight and male normal body weight group; female 64 adolescents were normal body weight and set as female normal body mass group. Using a built-in accelerometer and a mobile phone three-dimensional accelerometer, the subjects were subjected to a 3–8 km/h human martial arts exercise load test (each speed is continuously performed for 5 min). The two acceleration sensors collectively assess the accuracy of the prediction of the use of force in human martial arts experiments. The average power consumption of human art exercises uses a frequency of 60 times/min, 90 times/min and 120 times/min compared to two acceleration sensors. Test results show that the data points for the mobile accelerator eraser are scattered, and the distance between the data varies. The data points of the three-dimensional acceleration sensor are more concentrated and present a certain trend. The use of three-dimensional acceleration sensors to measure martial arts can fully reflect the energy consumption of human activities, and achieve an energy consumption measurement accuracy of more than 94%.

In this study, PbS thin films are deposited on FTO substrate via a rapid and facile microwave-assisted chemical bath deposition (MACBD) and then used directly as the counter electrodes (CEs) for CdS/CdSe quantum dots co-sensitized ZnO nanorods array solar cells (QDSSC). The resultant PbS CEs show good uniformity, strong adhesion to the FTO and superior electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of polysulfide electrolyte compared to the PbS CEs prepared with conventional CBD method. The combination of ZnO/CdS/CdSe photoanode with the optimum PbS CE shows appreciated power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.85%. The augmented photovoltaic performance can be attributed to its high electrocatalytic activity for polysulfide reduction in QDSSC, which results in a low charge transfer resistance at the interface of CE/electrolyte. The results demonstrate the potential application of this MACBD method in fabricating efficient metal sulfide counter electrode for QDSSC.

Bursicon is a neurohormone belonging to the cystine knot protein family. It consists of two subunits (burs α and burs β) and plays a pivotal role in cuticle tanning and wing expansion in insects. Recent studies show that homologous crustacean bursicon stimulates cuticle thickening and granulation of hemocytes in the crab Callinectes sapidus. Here we investigate whether bursicon homodimers function in immunoprotective defense systems of shrimp. We found that abdominal ganglion was the main neurohemal release site of bursicon in Neocaridina heteropoda. Bacterial infections induced overexpression of burs α (bursicon α) and burs β (bursicon β). RNAi of burs α, burs β or both inhibited the expression of anti-microbial peptide (AMP) genes. Treating shrimp adults with r-bursicon (recombinant bursicon) homodimers led to up-regulation of three AMP genes. Besides, through the induced AMPs, r-bursicon homodimers enhanced the bacteriostasis of shrimp in vivo and in vitro. These findings demonstrate a novel function of bursicon in crustacean that it induces innate immune via up-regulating the expression of genes encoding AMPs.

Xiang Tan,1,* Huajian Peng,1,* Peixin Gu,2 Mingwu Chen,1 Yongyong Wang1 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mingwu Chen; Yongyong Wang Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Road 6, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail chen535@126.com; wangyongyong@stu.gxmu.edu.cnObjective: To evaluate the correlation between the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and the L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) and their prognostic value in elderly patients with esophageal cancer (EC).Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 158 elderly patients with EC were collected retrospectively. The L3SMI measures the area of skeletal muscle at the level of the third lumbar (L3) vertebra using computed tomography (CT). A high L3SMI and low L3SMI group were created using sex-based quartiles. The ALI, prognostic nutrition index (PNI), and geriatric nutrition risk index (GNRI) were calculated according to standard laboratory protocols.Results: The CT diagnostic criteria for senile sarcopenia in South China are height ≤ 32.96 cm2/m2 for females and height ≤ 35.4 cm2/m2 for males. The logistic regression analysis showed that a low L3SMI was significantly associated with a low ALI. Survival analysis revealed EC patients with a low L3SMI and a low ALI had poorer overall survival (OS) than patients with a high L3SMI and a high ALI. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed that the L3SMI and ALI were independent predictors of EC prognosis in elderly individuals.Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between the PNI, GNRI, ALI, and L3SMI. Overall, our findings show the L3SMI and ALI are clinical indicators that can potentially be used to independently predict the prognosis of elderly EC patients and display good predictive value.Keywords: esophageal cancer, sarcopenia, L3 skeletal muscle index, survival, advanced lung cancer inflammation index

Background Esophagectomy and definitive chemoradiotherapy are commonly used in the treatment of stage I esophageal cancer (EC). The present study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of esophagectomy and definitive chemoradiotherapy as the initial treatment for clinical stage I EC. Methods This study was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42020197203). Relevant studies were identified through PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from database inception to June 30, 2020. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was employed to compare overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI was employed to compare treatment-related death, complications, and tumor recurrence. Results A total of 13 non-randomized controlled studies involving 3,346 patients were included. Compared with definitive chemoradiotherapy, esophagectomy showed an improved OS (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55–0.86; P Conclusions Current evidence shows esophagectomy has superior survival benefits as the initial treatment for clinical stage I EC. It is still the preferred choice for patients with clinical stage I EC. However, future high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to validate this conclusion.

A hyperdoped diamond material is engineered by first-principles calculations in this work. Several deep-level elements, such as S, Se, Te, Co, Au, V, Ni, are chosen as dopants in the diamond. The formation energy results show that the substitutional configuration of the dopants is more stable than the interstitial ones. The substitutional configurations of chalcogen dopants (S, Se, Te) can introduce a nearly filled intermediate band (IB) in the upper half of the bandgap of the diamond. The substitutional configurations of several transition metals, such as Co, Au, V, Ni, and Cu, can form partially filled IB(s) near the center of the bandgap, which is more appropriate than that formed by the chalcogens. The dielectric function results indicate that all of these deep-level elements can lead to the sub-bandgap absorption and the absorption range and intensity vary dramatically with different dopants. Among these dopants, Co, Au, and Cu exhibit a special strong sub-bandgap absorption in a longer wavelength range, which would make the material to be an excellent photoelectric device. With reducing the concentration of the transition metal dopants, the IBs in the bandgap are narrower and tend to separate from each other and the sub-bandgap absorptions reduce sharply. Our conclusions imply that the photoelectric properties of the novel diamond material would be modulated by changing the dopant types and concentrations.

Summary Feeding jejunostomy (FJ) is a routine procedure at the time of esophagectomy in some centers. With the widespread popularization of enhanced recovery after surgery, the necessity of FJ has been increasingly questioned. This study aims to analyze the differences in safety and effectiveness between with (FJ group) or without (no-FJ group) performing FJ at the time of esophagectomy. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched for relevant studies, including randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. The primary outcome was the length of hospital stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes were overall postoperative complications, postoperative pneumonia, intestinal obstruction, and weight loss at 3 and 6 months after esophagectomy. Weighted mean differences (WMD) and odds ratios (OR) were calculated for statistical analysis. About 12 studies comprising 2,173 patients were included. The FJ group had a longer LOS (WMD = 2.05, P = 0.01) and a higher incidence of intestinal obstruction (OR = 11.67, P 0.05) after esophagectomy. Current evidence suggests that routinely performing FJ at the time of esophagectomy appears not to generate better postoperative outcomes. FJ may need to be performed selectively rather than routinely. More studies are required to further verify.

In this work, copper selenide (Cu2−x Se) thin films were grown on FTO conductive glass substrates using a facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The effects of synthesis parameters such as precursor components and deposition time on the stoichiometry and morphology of the synthesized films were systematically investigated through different techniques including XRD, SEM, and AFM. In order to evaluate the electrochemical catalytic performance of the synthesized copper selenide in electrolyte containing the sulfide/polysulfide redox couple, we assembled liquid-junction quantum dots-sensitized solar cells (QDSSC) using the synthesized copper selenide thin films as counter electrodes and CdSe quantum dots-sensitized mesoporous TiO2 as photoanodes. Under the illumination of one Sun (100 mW cm−2), the QDSSC assembled with the optimal copper selenide CEs (Cu:Se = 1:1) exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 2.07%, which is much higher than that of traditional Pt counter electrode (0.76%).

This article reviewed inhibitory activities of green tea catechins (GTCs) against various tumorigenesis and their suppressive effects on cancer cell progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis according to a great number of kinds of literature, and then summarized the mechanisms of tea catechins-mediated cancer prevention in various cancer types. Special emphasis was placed on summarizing recent research highlighting the related techniques in improving GTCs’ effectiveness in the prevention of tumor progression and/or treatment of cancers. Synergistic effects of catechins when combined with other phytochemicals and drugs, nanostructure- based delivery system, and molecular modifications of EGCG and catechins as means were discussed, and thus provide the basis to better utilize GTCs as the main ingredient of functional foods to reduce the risk of human cancer.

To systematically evaluate the safety and advantages of subxiphoid approach video-assisted thoracic surgery (SA-VATS) compared with intercostal approach video-assisted thoracic surgery (IA-VATS) for lung resection, we conducted a meta-analysis of the current literature.The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform this meta-analysis.Eleven studies involving 934 patients were included. Compared with patients in the IA-VATS group, those in the SA-VATS group had lower pain scores on the day of the operation and at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after the operation (SA-VATS is a safe surgical technique and has superior postoperative outcomes over IA-VATS for lung resection in terms of acute postoperative pain and chronic postoperative paraesthesia.

The purpose was to investigate the efficacy and safety of Osimertinib in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer and to analyze its effects on the expression of serum matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and matrix metallo-proteinase-9 (MMP-9). Eighty patients were equally divided into observation and control group. The observation group was given Osimertinib combined with conventional chemotherapy and the other was treated with conventional chemotherapy alone. The short-term efficacy, the levels of serum MMP-7, MMP-9 and adverse reactions were compared. The effectiveness and clinical benefit rate of the observation group were 62.50% and 92.50% respectively, significantly higher than the control group. There was no significant difference in MMP-7 and MMP-9 before treatment however there was a significant difference after treatment, and the serum MMP-7MMP-9 levels showed a trend of increasing with decreasing efficacy. After treatment, comparing with control group, serum MMP-7 and MMP-9 levels were significantly lower, the Karnofsky score was significantly higher, and the improvement effect of the quality of life was statistically significant. Besides, the incidence of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly lower. In the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, Osimertinib significantly reduced the expression of serum MMP-7, MMP-9, improved the clinical benefit and quality of life of patients. The clinical efficacy was significant with a high safety.

Objective To determine the prognostic value of red cell distribution width (RDW) and circulating tumor cells with epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype (M-CTC) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Patients and methods Clinical and laboratory data of 60 patients with LUAD were collected. CTCs were isolated from their peripheral blood using the CanPatrolTM CTC enrichment method. The indicators of RDW and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were calculated based on the laboratory standards. Results A total of 60 LUAD patients were enrolled, of which 19 (31.7%) had high RDW (>0.14) and 32 (53.3%) were positive for M-CTCs. There was no significant correlation between RDW and the clinical characteristics. M-CTC was not significantly associated with tumor size and differentiation, age, gender, tumor stage, and histological type but correlated significantly with lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.044), high NLR (>2.26, P = 0.023), and high RDW (>0.14, P = 0.036). Furthermore, the M-CTC+ LUAD patients had a significantly poor recurrence-free survival (RFS; Log rank P =0.001, HR = 2.749, 95% CI = 1.489-5.078) and overall survival (OS; Log rank P =0.022, HR = 2.283, 95% CI = 1.128-4.622) compared to the M-CTC- patients. Similarly, high RDW also correlated with worse RFS (Log rank P = 0.008, HR = 2.331, 95% CI = 1.248-4.353) and OS (Log rank P = 0.004, HR = 0.004, 95% CI = 1.398-5.525). Conclusion M-CTC is significantly related to RDW and NLR, and an independent prognostic factor in LUAD.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a heterogeneous population of tumor cells with distinct clinical and biological properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between CTCs with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype (CTC EMT) and the proliferative marker Ki67, and their prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CTCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of 84 NSCLC patients using the CanPatrol(TM) CTC enrichment method, and the expression of Ki67 in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Almost two-thirds (61/84) of the patients were positive for CTC EMT, and 55 (65.4%) patients had high in-situ expression of Ki67 (≥ 14%) in the tumor tissues. CTC EMT was not significantly associated with tumor size and differentiation, age, gender and histological type, but correlated with lymphatic metastasis, tumor stage and Ki67 overexpression. Furthermore, the CTC EMT+ NSCLC patients had a significantly lower recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to the negative patients. Similarly, Ki67 levels ≥ 14% were associated with a significantly lower RFS and OS. In conclusion, CTC EMT is significantly related to Ki67 expression, and is a risk factor of NSCLC.

In this work, colloidal CdSe QDs capped with a short chain thiol ligand thioglycolic acid (TGA) were prepared using a one-pot synthesis route in aqueous medium. This method integrates colloidal QDs synthesis and assembly of QDs in a single step due to the use of TGA, which serves as a stabilizer to control the formation of QDs and a linker to tether CdSe QDs to TiO2 during the synthesis of QDs, and it could achieve high surface coverage of high-quality QDs on TiO2 electrodes. The hydrothermal temperature is found to play an important role in determining the size of CdSe QDs and photovoltaic properties of the resulting TiO2/CdSe photoanodes. To further improve the fill factor and efficiency of solar cells, PbS/CuS films were prepared with chemical bath deposition method and used instead of the usual Pt as counter electrodes (CEs). PbS/CuS CEs show superior electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of polysulfide than Pt. An optimized TiO2/CdSe based QDSSC in combination with the PbS/CuS CEs achieved a champion PCE of 4.18% under one sun illumination (100 mW cm−2).

Background Microsatellite instability (MSI) has important clinical implications related to therapeutic options and prognostic assessment. Few studies have been done on the frequency of MSI in cancers and the correlation between microsatellite status and clinicopathological features in Chinese solid tumor patients. Methods A total of 10149 Chinese solid tumor patients were collected for genome testing using a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel (OrigiMed, Shanghai). Microsatellite status and other clinicopathological features were examined. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. Results MSI-high (MSI-H) was observed in 188 solid tumors (1.8%). Cancer subtypes with significantly higher MSI frequencies included colorectal adenocarcinoma (8.4%), gastric adenocarcinoma (6.9%) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (2.7%). No statistical significant difference was found in the proportion of MSI in women and men (1.9 % vs 1.7%, respectively). The proportion MSI tumors was higher in older patients (1.3% at 60-69 years, 2.8% at 70-79 years,P Conclusions This study revealed MSI-H in approximately 1.8% of Chinese solid tumor patients and a significant association between MSI-H and MMR gene mutations. These results suggest that there are specific tumor types and clinicopathological features associated with a higher frequency of MSI, indicating a bias during tumorigenesis. Also, these results may potentially contribute to more effective treatment options and a better prognostic assessment for solid tumor patients. Citation Format: Huilin Wang, Jiang Zhu, Guanbiao Liang, Yongyong Wang, Jianji Guo, Min Zheng, Qin Fu, Weiwei Shi. Frequent microsatellite instability in Chinese solid tumor patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4316.

Vacancies in diamond can introduce defect bands in the band gap of diamond and lead to the sub-band gap absorption in the visible and infrared regions. At sufficiently high concentrations of vacancy, the defect bands overlap each other to form a single partially filled intermediate band (IB) in the band gap and the sub-band gap absorption in the infrared region is especially strong. Along with the decreasing of the vacancy concentrations, the IB splits into two separate bands and the sub-band gap absorption decreases sharply. The computed results are important for thoroughly understanding of the optical properties of black diamond.

A series of Co-free CrFeNiAlxTiy medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) were designed and prepared. The effect of Al and Ti addition on phase evolution, microstructure, nano- and marco-mechanical behaviors were systematically investigated and analyzed. The density of the CrFeNiAlxTiy MEAs was measured by the Archimedes method. With the content of Al and Ti increasing, the density of the CrFeNiAlxTiy system decreased. The density of the CrFeNiAl0.3Ti0.3 MEA is only 6.9294 g/cm3. The microstructural analysis indicated that the addition of Al element increased the volume fraction of BCC phase, while the Al and Ti addition increased the volume fraction of BCC and B2 phases. The mechanical tests suggested that the hardness, compressive yield strength, fracture strength, specific yield strength, and specific fracture strength all increased with the Al and Ti addition. The CrFeNiAl0.3Ti0.3 MEA possessed high Vickers hardness, compressive yield strength, fracture strength, specific yield strength, and specific fracture strength, whose values are 551 HV, 1712 MPa, 3700 MPa, 247.06 MP cm3/g, and 533.96 MP cm3/g, respectively. Furthermore, the compressive plasticity of the CrFeNiAl0.3Ti0.3 MEA is also very large (~39.8%). The CrFeNiAl0.4Ti0.2 MEA also displayed outstanding mechanical behaviors just as the CrFeNiAl0.3Ti0.3 MEA, whose Vickers hardness, yield strength, and compressive plasticity are 580 HV, 1600 MPa, and 45%, respectively. The good combination of strength and compressive plasticity of CrFeNiAl0.3Ti0.3 and CrFeNiAl0.4Ti0.2 MEAs could attribute to the peculiar microstructure. The phase formation criteria and strengthening mechanism were discussed. This study provides insights not only into the BCC/B2-containing MEAs but also into the future development of MEAs with high-performance, low-cost, and low-density for industrial applications.

Engineering of TiO

The Raman spectra difference of the N-hyperdoped silicon prepared under different conditions is due to the different dominant configurations of N in silicon. The separate substitutional N atoms in silicon show several strong Raman peaks which can be also observed in the chalcogen-hyperdoped silicon. The configuration with separate substitutional and interstitial N atoms displays a strong and broad Raman band at 480 cm-1, which is in accordance with our experiment. The introduction of the vacancies may lead to the disappearance or appearance of the Raman peaks, which depends on the dominant configurations of the N atoms. For the compound of interstitial N atoms and vacancies, the calculational Raman spectrum is similar to that of the NF3-prepared silicon and N2-prepared silicon with a lower laser power.