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Abstract Although Rana chensinensis Ovum (RCO) is enriched with high nutritional value, its quality varies due to the different drying methods used by farmers. This study aims to explore the impact of natural and mechanical drying methods on the nutritional compositions and physicochemical properties of RCO. Five different drying methods were studied, including blast drying (BD), mild breeze light drying (MBLD), natural air drying (NAD), vacuum heat drying (VHD), and vacuum freeze drying (VFD). The quality assessment was based on unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content, iodine value, estradiol, vitamin E, saponification value, thiobarbituric acid value (TBA), acid value, and antioxidant properties. The results showed that VFD had higher UFA content and lower acid value (139.950 ± 0.397 mg · g−1) and TBA value (0.097 ± 0.003) than others. VFD and NAD had higher iodine values (147.166 ± 1.475 and 146.803 ± 1.209, respectively) than others. There were no significant differences in estradiol, vitamin E, peroxide value and the clearance rates of ABTS+ free radicals and DPPH• free radicals with different drying methods. The findings will provide valuable insights into the industrialization of RCO. Graphical Abstract

Ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) is an important auxiliary heating method applied to the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor, which can effectively heat the ions and electrons in plasma. Owing to the harsh nuclear environment, neutronic analyses are required to verify tritium self-sufficiency and neutron-shielding requirements. In this study, a neutronics analysis of the ICRH antenna was conducted using the COre and System integrated engine for Reactor Monte Carlo (cosRMC) code to estimate the neutron flux, radiation damage, nuclear heating, gas generation rate of key components, and tritium breeding ratio (TBR), providing data support for the subsequent optimization of the shielding design. In addition, the neutron flux of the coils around the antenna was calculated to prevent the entry of neutrons that damage the magnetic field coils through the gaps between the port plugs and antenna, and the shielding effects of the port-plug antenna on the surrounding components were analyzed. Finally, the results obtained using the cosRMC and MCNP codes were compared, which and presented good agreement, thus verifying the reliability of the neutronic analysis using the cosRMC code.

Abstract Background Laparoscopic Total Extra-peritoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair(TEP) presents escalated risks of surgical complications, notably bleeding, particularly in European Hernia Society (EHS) types 3 and recurrent inguinal hernia. In this study, we introduced an innovative technique using indocyanine green-labeled fluorescence laparoscopy to mitigate intraoperative complications, including bleeding and rupture of the hernial sac. Methods This retrospective study reviewed records of 17 patients who underwent TEP repair at Anqing Municipal Hospital between July and August 2023. Intraoperatively, fluorescence imaging was utilized to trace the pathway of the spermatic vessels and outline the boundaries of the hernia sac to facilitate a thorough dissection. Results The procedure was successfully completed in all 17 patients, with a median operation time of 42 min (range: 30–51 min). Median intraoperative blood loss was 5 ml (range: 3–8 ml). Complete dissection of the hernia sac was achieved in each case without any incidents of sac rupture. Hemodynamic parameters of blood flow within the spermatic artery on postoperative day 1 showed no statistically significant deviations from the preoperative values. Furthermore, during the 7-month follow-up period, there were no cases of seroma formation or hernia recurrence. Conclusion Our findings suggest that employing indocyanine green-labeled fluorescence technology in TEP repair significantly reduces intraoperative complications, notably bleeding and rupture of the hernial sac. This technique demonstrated a negligible impact on the hemodynamic parameters of the spermatic artery and reduced the overall surgical time.

Abstract A dose-escalation and expansion, phase 1/2 study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04818333) was conducted to assess the novel antibody-drug conjugate SHR-A1811 in pretreated HER2-altered advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report results from the phase 1 portion. Patients who had previously failed or were intolerant to platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled and received SHR-A1811 intravenously at doses of 3.2 to 8.0 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Dose escalation followed a Bayesian logistic regression model that included overdose control, with subsequent selection of tolerable levels for dose expansion. Overall, 63 patients were enrolled, including 43 receiving a recommended dose for expansion of 4.8 mg/kg. All patients had HER2-mutant disease. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred in one patient in the 8.0 mg/kg dose cohort. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 29 (46.0%) patients. One patient in the 6.4 mg/kg cohort died due to interstitial lung disease. As of April 11, 2023, the 4.8 mg/kg cohort showed an objective response rate of 41.9% (95% CI 27.0–57.9), and a disease control rate of 95.3% (95% CI 84.2–99.4). The median duration of response was 13.7 months, with 13 of 18 responses ongoing. The median progression-free survival was 8.4 months (95% CI 7.1–15.0). SHR-A1811 demonstrated favourable safety and clinically meaningful efficacy in pretreated advanced HER2-mutant NSCLC.

To solve the problems in restoring sedimentary facies and predicting reservoirs in loose gas-bearing sediment, based on seismic sedimentologic analysis of the first 9-component S-wave 3D seismic dataset of China, a fourth-order isochronous stratigraphic framework was set up and then sedimentary facies and reservoirs in the Pleistocene Qigequan Formation in Taidong area of Qaidam Basin were studied by seismic geomorphology and seismic lithology. The study method and thought are as following. Firstly, techniques of phase rotation, frequency decomposition and fusion, and stratal slicing were applied to the 9-component S-wave seismic data to restore sedimentary facies of major marker beds based on sedimentary models reflected by satellite images. Then, techniques of seismic attribute extraction, principal component analysis, and random fitting were applied to calculate the reservoir thickness and physical parameters of a key sandbody, and the results are satisfactory and confirmed by blind testing wells. Study results reveal that the dominant sedimentary facies in the Qigequan Formation within the study area are delta front and shallow lake. The RGB fused slices indicate that there are two cycles with three sets of underwater distributary channel systems in one period. Among them, sandstones in the distributary channels of middle-low Qigequan Formation are thick and broad with superior physical properties, which are favorable reservoirs. The reservoir permeability is also affected by diagenesis. Distributary channel sandstone reservoirs extend further to the west of Sebei-1 gas field, which provides a basis to expand exploration to the western peripheral area.

Objective: To study the effect of different tube pitches on neck CTA radiation dose and image quality under automatic tube current modulation technology. Data and methods: A total of 120 patients were selected for neck CTA examination in Tinglin Hospital of Jinshan District, Shanghai from September 2022 to May 2023, including 52 males and 68 females, aged 45~86 years, with an average age of 66.76 years. According to different pitches, patients were assigned to three groups: A, B and C, with a total of 40 cases of 0.8 pitch in group A, 40 cases with 1.0 pitch in group B, and 40 cases with 1.2 pitch in group C. Univariate ANOVA test was used to compare gender, age, height, weight, and total scan duration between the three groups. CT value, SD value, SNR, CNR of the carotid artery bifurcation between the three groups and the jugular vein and sternocleidomastoid muscle in the same layer; Subjective scoring of image quality between the three groups; TDLP automatically generated by the device and calculated ED. Kappa test was used to test the consistency of subjective scores of the two physicians. Results: There were no significant differences in gender, age, height and weight between the three groups, and there was no significant difference in automatic TDLP and calculated ED. There were no significant differences in CT values at the carotid bifurcation and CT values of the same layer of sternocleidomastoid muscle, SD, SCR, CNR and SD values of the carotid artery bifurcation between the three groups, and the modified score between the three groups. Conclusion: Based on the premise of automatic tube current modulation technology, radiation dose can be effectively reduced. Even if different pitches are used, radiation dose will not increase or decrease. However, as the pitch increases, the scanning time is shorter, which can effectively reduce the interference of veins on image quality, reduce motion artifacts, and improve the image quality of neck CTA.

A new near-α titanium alloy Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni-2Al-1.5Zr was designed based on Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni (TA10). The hot compression tests were carried out at temperatures of 800–970 °C and strain rates of 0.01–5 s−1. The results show that the flow softening phenomenon in the α + β phase region is more distinct than that in the single β phase region. The Arrhenius constitutive models based on strain compensation in the α+β phase region and β phase region were established respectively, and the correlation coefficient between the predicted flow peak stress values and the experimental values reached 0.99365. The hot processing map of the alloy was established, the processing parameters of the peak efficiency: 800 ≤ T ≤ 818 °C, 0.01 ≤ ε˙ ≤ 0.0235 s−1, and 960 ≤ T ≤ 970 °C, 0.01 ≤ ε˙ ≤ 0.0213 s−1. The microstructure evolution and deformation mechanism of the compressed specimens were researched by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. There were two nucleation mechanisms for dynamic recrystallization (DRX): sub-grains growth nucleation and high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) bulging nucleation, the former was continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), and the latter was discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX). The flow stress in the α+β phase region was softened by CDRX and dynamic recovery (DRV), while the principal deformation mechanisms in the β phase region are DRV and DDRX. The dislocation strain energy and recrystallization ability at different temperatures were quantitatively analyzed by the kernel average misorientation (KAM) and the geometrically necessary dislocation (GND), and the results showed that more complete recrystallization occurred at lower temperature in the α + β phase region. The HCP slip was principally completed by prismatic ⟨a⟩ and pyramidal ⟨c+a⟩ slip systems during the hot compression, while BCC was a mixed mode of {110}, {112} and {113} multiple slips.

Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a severe complication in sepsis, manifested as myocardial systolic dysfunction, which is associated with poor prognosis and higher mortality. Mitophagy, a self-protective mechanism maintaining cellular homeostasis, plays an indispensable role in cardioprotection. This study aimed to unveil the cardioprotective effects of Baricitinib on LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction and its effect on mitophagy. Herein, we demonstrated that LPS induced severe myocardial dysfunction and initiated mitophagy in septic mice hearts. Despite the initiation of mitophagy, a significant number of apoptotic cells and damaged mitochondria persisted in the myocardium, and myocardial energy metabolism remained impaired, indicating that the limited mitophagy was insufficient to mitigate LPS-induced damage. The JAK2-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway is activated in LPS-induced cardiomyocytes and in the hearts of septic mice. Baricitinib administration remarkably improved cardiac function, suppressed systemic inflammatory response, attenuated histopathological changes, inhibited cardiac cell apoptosis and alleviated myocardial damage in septic mice. Furthermore, Baricitinib treatment significantly enhanced PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, increased autophagosomes, decreased impaired mitochondria, and restored myocardial energy metabolism. Mechanically, the limited mitophagy in septic myocardium was associated with increased p-ULK1 (Ser757), which was regulated by p-mTOR. Baricitinib reduced p-ULK1 (Ser757) and enhanced mitophagy by inhibiting the JAK2-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of mitophagy with Mdivi-1 reversed the cardiac protective and anti-inflammatory effects of Baricitinib in septic mice. These findings suggest that Baricitinib attenuates SIMD by enhancing mitophagy in cardiomyocytes via the JAK2-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, providing a novel mechanistic and therapeutic insight into the SIMD.

Functioning as a key regulator of circadian rhythms, the PER2 gene exerts a substantial impact on the reproductive traits of animals. However, the effect of the PER2 gene on ovarian development remains unclear. In order to examine the relationship between bovine reproductive trait and the PER2 gene, a total of 901 ovarian samples were collected, categorized into different oestrus cycles (proestrus, oestrus, post-oestrus, anoestrous), and subjected to analysis for two potential insertion/deletions (InDels) in the PER2 gene. Through agarose gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing, two polymorphic deletion mutations (P2-D5-bp, P3-D13-bp) were identified. Furthermore, a significant association between mature follicle diameter and P2-D5-bp was found (P

Summary: Investigating the correlation between aging mechanisms and state of charge (SOC) can optimize cycling conditions and prolong the life cycle of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). A long-term cycle between a certain SOC range is usually employed to study this correlation. However, this method necessitates a lengthy period, running from months to years, prolonging the research duration significantly. The aging mechanisms obtained through this method are a result of the coupling of various SOC levels; the aging mechanisms at a specific SOC level are not accurately decoupled and analyzable. The proposed Zero-sum pulse method, using symmetrical pulses with small SOC amplitude variations on SOC, can explore aging mechanisms of LIBs at a specific SOC level and reduce the time to less than a week, which significantly expedite the research process. The aging mechanisms at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% SOC levels are explored to verify the accuracy and timeliness of this method.

Abstract The randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III PEONY trial (NCT02586025) demonstrated significantly improved total pathologic complete response (primary endpoint) with dual HER2 blockade in HER2-positive early/locally advanced breast cancer, as previously reported. Here, we present the final, long-term efficacy (secondary endpoints: event-free survival, disease-free survival, overall survival) and safety analysis (62.9 months’ median follow-up). Patients (female; n = 329; randomized 2:1) received neoadjuvant pertuzumab/placebo with trastuzumab and docetaxel, followed by adjuvant 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide, then pertuzumab/placebo with trastuzumab until disease recurrence or unacceptable toxicity, for up to 1 year. Five-year event-free survival estimates are 84.8% with pertuzumab and 73.7% with placebo (hazard ratio 0.53; 95% confidence interval 0.32–0.89); 5-year disease-free survival rates are 86.0% and 75.0%, respectively (hazard ratio 0.52; 95% confidence interval 0.30–0.88). Safety data are consistent with the known pertuzumab safety profile and generally comparable between arms, except for diarrhea. Limitations include the lack of ado-trastuzumab emtansine as an option for patients with residual disease and the descriptive nature of the secondary, long-term efficacy endpoints. PEONY confirms the positive benefit:risk ratio of neoadjuvant/adjuvant pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel treatment in this patient population.

Objective: To study the effect of different triggering thresholds on the quality of pulmonary artery CT angiography (CTA) images. Materials and Methods: A prospective study included 112 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism admitted to Tinglin Hospital in the Jinshan District of Shanghai between December 2021 to April 2023. Among them, there were 49 males and 63 females aged between 37 and 93 years, with an average age of 64.28 years. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups based on trigger thresholds. Group A included 38 cases with a trigger threshold of 120 HU, Group B included 37 cases with a trigger threshold of 200 HU, and Group C included 37 cases with a trigger threshold of 250 HU. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, height, or weight among the three groups. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the CT values and subjective image quality scores of the superior vena cava, main pulmonary artery, left and right pulmonary arteries, and right pulmonary vein among the three groups. Result: There were no statistical differences in the CT values of the main pulmonary artery and left and right pulmonary arteries among the three groups, but there were statistical differences in the CT values of the superior vena cava and right pulmonary vein. There was a statistical difference in the subjective score of image quality among the three groups; the subjective evaluation of the obtained image quality between the two physicians was highly consistent (κ=0.78). Conclusion: When the triggering threshold of pulmonary artery CTA is 200 HU, it can not only ensure the concentration of pulmonary artery trunk CT value meets the clinical diagnosis, but also ensures that the contrast agent is fully injected into the 5~6 grade branches, leading to less retention of superior vena cava, weak pulmonary vein development, and the highest image quality of pulmonary artery CTA.

TiAl-based composites have broad application prospects in the aerospace and automotive fields due to their excellent high-temperature properties. In this study, the B/N synergistic effect on microstructural evolution, mechanical properties and fracture behavior was investigated by addition of nano-BN particles to Ti-46.8Al-8.0Nb alloy (at%). It was found that the B reacted with the Ti and Nb in the high-Nb TiAl matrix to form needle-shaped borides of TiB, TiB2 and NbB, which in turn reduced the lamellar colony size by inhibiting the movement of grain boundaries during the sintering process, while the N atoms diffused into the octahedral interspaces of the γ and α2 lattice. The lamellar colony size can be greatly reduced from 351 ± 144 μm to 44 ± 10 μm. The as-sintered microstructure can be gradually transferred from fully lamellar (FL) to dual phase (DP) with increment of nano-BN content. Composite containing 0.75 at% nano-BN exhibit the highest ultimate tensile strength at room temperature, reaching 660 ± 12 MPa. At high temperatures, the composite containing 1.50 at% nano-BN exhibits the highest ultimate tensile strength, reaching 517 ± 9 MPa. The mechanism of improved mechanical properties is attributed to grain refinement strengthening, thermal mismatch strengthening, Orowan strengthening, solid-solution strengthening.

This is an article in the field of earth sciences and mining processing engineering. Potash ore occurs in the salt layer of Cambrian Hormuz Formation, The ore body is in dancing band with great thickness variation. The ore type is chloride-type sylvite ore, the main ore mineral is sylvite, with KCl content of 2.5%～35.20%. The Cambrian is a lagoon facies deposit. The continuous evaporation of potassium-bearing brine in the Persian Gulf formed a series of marine evaporite sequence containing potassium salt.Affected by the early Alpine structureactivity, the salt layer was compressed to form a salt diapir structure.Using the test flow of one roughing, one scavenger, two concentrating and Coarse ore washing, good test indexes have been achieved, and potassium chloride products containing 87.44% KCl (wet basis) (91.14% dry basis) or 88.97% KCl (wet basis) (93.69% dry basis) can be obtained, with KCl recovery rates of 85.93% and 81.70% , respectively.

Abstract High-performance platinum-group-metal-free alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction catalysts are essential for the hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells, which generally require high Pt loadings on the anode. Herein, we report a highly active hydrogen oxidation reaction catalyst, NiCuCr, indicated by the hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell with a high peak power density of 577 mW cm−2 (18 times as high as the Ni/C anode) and a stability of more than 150 h (a degradation rate slower by 7 times than the Ni/C anode). The spectroscopies demonstrate that the alloy effect from Cu weakens the hydrogen binding, and the surface Cr2O3 species enhance the interfacial water binding. Both effects bring an optimized apparent hydrogen binding energy and thus lead to the high hydrogen oxidation reaction performance of NiCuCr. These results suggest that the apparent hydrogen binding energy determines the hydrogen oxidation reaction performance and that its tuning is beneficial toward high electrocatalytic performance.

Abstract Objective To compare the outcomes associated with the use of lasmiditan, rimegepant, ubrogepant, and zavegepant for the acute management of migraine headaches. Methods We searched four electronic databases from database inception to August 31, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that report efficacy and safety for the acute treatment of migraine. The risk of bias in the included RCTs was evaluated according to the Cochrane tool, and the certainty of evidence using the CINeMA approach. We conducted frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA) to summarise the evidence. Data were analyzed using R-4.3.1. Results A total of 18 eligible studies including 10 different types of interventions with 22,429 migraine patients were included. NMA results showed that compared to ubrogepant (25 mg and 50 mg) and zavegepant, lasmiditan (100 mg and 200 mg) exhibits an elevated probability of achieving pain relief within a 2-hour interval. Similarly, relative to zavegepant, rimegepant (75 mg) and ubrogepant (50 mg and 100 mg) demonstrate an enhanced likelihood of sustaining pain relief over a 24-hour period. Furthermore, in contrast to ubrogepant (25 mg) and lasmiditan (50 mg), rimegepant (75 mg) presents a heightened probability of achieving freedom from photophobia within 2 h. Regarding safety, lasmiditan carries the highest risk of adverse events, which are associated with an increased incidence of adverse effects, including dizziness, somnolence, asthenia, paresthesia, and fatigue. Conclusions In this NMA, a spectrum of evidence ranging from very low to high levels underscores the favorable efficacy and tolerability of rimegepant 75 mg and ubrogepant 100 mg, positioning them as potential candidates for the acute management of migraine. Concurrently, lasmiditan (100 mg and 200 mg) exhibits notable efficacy, albeit accompanied by an increased susceptibility to adverse events. These findings should still be approached with caution, primarily due to the intrinsic limitations associated with indirect comparisons.

Abstract Background Malignant pleural effusion is mostly a complication of advanced malignant tumors. However, the cancer markers such as carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA 125), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), and cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) have low sensitivity and organ specificity for detecting malignant pleural effusion. Research question Is IR808@MnO nano-near infrared fluorescent dye worthy for the diagnosis in differentiating benign and malignant pleural effusions. Study design and methods This experiment was carried out to design and characterize the materials for in vitro validation of the new dye in malignant tumor cells in the A549 cell line and in patients with adenocarcinoma pleural effusion. The dye was verified to possess tumor- specific targeting capabilities. Subsequently, a prospective hospital-based observational study was conducted, enrolling 106 patients and excluding 28 patients with unknown diagnoses. All patients underwent histopathological analysis of thoracoscopic biopsies, exfoliative cytological analysis of pleural fluid, and analysis involving the new dye. Statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel, GraphPad Prism, and the R language. Results The size of IR808@MnO was 136.8 ± 2.9 nm, with peak emission at 808 nm, and it has near-infrared fluorescence properties. Notably, there was a significant difference in fluorescence values between benign and malignant cell lines (p

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate 10 estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations in central China population and construct a diagnostic prediction model for assessing the kidney damage severity.MethodsThe concordance of 10 eGFR equations was investigated in healthy individuals from central China, and their clinical effectiveness in diagnosing kidney injury was evaluated. Subsequently, relevant clinical indicators were selected to develop a clinical prediction model for kidney damage.ResultsThe overall concordance between CKD-EPIASR-Scr and CKD-EPI2021-Scr was the highest (weightedκ = 0.964) in healthy population. The CG formula, CKD-EPIASR-Scr and CKD-EPI2021-Scr performed better than others in terms of concordance with referenced GFR (rGFR), but had poor ability to distinguish between rGFR < 90 or < 60 mL/min·1.73 m2. This finding was basically consistent across subgroups. Finally, two logistic regression prediction models were constructed based on rGFR < 90 or 60 mL/min·1.73 m2. The area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic values of two prediction models were 0.811 vs 0.846 in training set and 0.812 vs 0.800 in testing set.ConclusionThe concordance of CKD-EPIASR-Scr and CKD-EPI2021-Scr was the highest in the central China population. The Cockcroft-Gault formula, CKD-EPIASR-Scr, and CKD-EPI2021-Scr more accurately reflected true kidney function, while performed poorly in the staging diagnosis of CKD. The diagnostic prediction models showed the good clinical application performance in identifying mild or moderate kidney injury. These findings lay a solid foundation for future research on renal function assessment and predictive equations.

IntroductionCryptosporidium spp. is a significant zoonotic parasite. The prevalence and infection characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. in Bactrian camels in Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture have yet to be fully understood. Thus, the molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in camels was investigated in this region.MethodsA total of 1,455 fecal samples were collected from 6 counties in three regions (Altay, Tacheng, and Yili) in Yili Prefecture. Nested PCR targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) gene was used to identify the species or genotypes of Cryptosporidium infection in camels. For C. parvum positive samples, the subtypes were identified using the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene.Results and discussionThe overall infection rate was 8.7% (126/1,455), ranging from 5.6% to 11.7% in different regions, and 4.2% to 15.8% in different counties. A significant difference was observed amongst the counties (p < 0.001). Three species were detected, namely C. andersoni (65.1%, 82/126), C. parvum (34.1%, 43/126), and C. occultus (0.8%, 1/126). Three C. parvum subtypes, If-like-A15G2 (n = 29), IIdA15G1 (n = 4), and IIdA19G1(n = 1) were detected, with If-like-A15G2 being the most prevalent subtype. Camels aged 3-12 months exhibited the highest infection rate (11.4%, 44/387), with no significant difference among age groups (p > 0.05). C. parvum was predominant in camels under 3 months, while C. andersoni prevailed in camels over 3 months. There was an extremely significant difference observed among seasons (p < 0.001), summer had the highest infection rates (16.9%, 61/360). This study collected nearly 1,500 samples and, for the first time, investigated Cryptosporidium spp. infection in camels based on different age groups and seasons. All three Cryptosporidiumspecies identified were zoonotic, posing a potential threat to human health and requiring close attention.

Due to the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX), its clinical application is limited. Lipid peroxidation caused by excessive ferrous iron is believed to be a key molecular mechanism of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC). Dexrazoxane (DXZ), an iron chelator, is the only drug approved by the FDA for reducing DIC, but it has many side effects and cannot be used as a preventive drug in clinical practice. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis identified myocardial and epithelial cells that are susceptible to DOX-induced ferroptosis. The glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activator selenomethione (SeMet) significantly reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and oxidized lipid levels in vitro. Consistently, SeMet significantly decreased DOX-induced lipid peroxidation in H9C2 cells and mortality in C57BL/6 mice compared to DXZ, ferrostatin-1, and normal saline. SeMet can effectively reduce serum markers of cardiac injury in C57BL/6 mice and breast cancer patients. Depletion of the GPX4 gene in C57BL/6 mice resulted in an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels and eliminated the protective effect of SeMet against DIC. Notably, SeMet exerted antitumor effects on breast cancer models with DOX while providing cardiac protection for the same animal without detectable toxicities. These findings suggest that pharmacological activation of GPX4 is a valuable and promising strategy for preventing the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin.

Abstract Wind power prediction enables advance prediction of the future capacity of wind farms to improve production, increase capacity and reduce costs, however, wind power generation data are highly unstable, making it difficult to achieve high‐precision prediction. Signal decomposition methods and optimization algorithms allow for data smoothing and optimization of parameter settings, but the limitations of parameter dependency and the slow optimization search process prevent existing research from being applied in a practical setting. To address these issues, this article proposes a multiscale ultra‐short‐term wind power prediction model based on particle swarm optimization based on greedy dynamic and integrated fitness evaluation method (GD‐IFEM‐PSO) and variational mode decomposition and back propagation network (VMD‐BP). First, this article improves the velocity update formula in the particle swarm optimization algorithm by the proposed GD weight and sets up a fitness function using multiple evaluation metrics by the proposed integrated fitness evaluation method (IFEM), so that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm achieves high efficiency in the optimization search while ensuring the comprehensiveness of the evaluation. Second, the variable mode decomposition (VMD) decomposition algorithm is used to decompose the historical wind power data to achieve smoothing of the wind power data, and the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the K and ⍺ values in the VMD decomposition algorithm to improve the comprehensive performance of the decomposition. Then, to achieve data reduction and fast model training, the components are divided into trend components, low‐frequency vibration components, high‐frequency vibration components, and random noise components according to the central frequency, so that the model can better grasp the data trend while reducing the number of components and achieving high prediction accuracy. Finally, the different components are predicted by the BP neural network and the predicted values of the different categories of components are reconstructed into the final wind power prediction values. To demonstrate the rationality and progressiveness of the proposed model, several models are compared on several data sets, and the results show that the proposed model has faster prediction speed and higher prediction performance, and is more suitable for application in real‐world environments.

Herein, a method of true-temperature inversion for a multi-wavelength pyrometer based on fractional-order particle-swarm optimization is proposed for difficult inversion problems with unknown emissivity. Fractional-order calculus has the inherent advantage of easily jumping out of local extreme values; here, it is introduced into the particle-swarm algorithm to invert the true temperature. An improved adaptive-adjustment mechanism is applied to automatically adjust the current velocity order of the particles and update their velocity and position values, increasing the accuracy of the true temperature values. The results of simulations using the proposed algorithm were compared with three algorithms using typical emissivity models: the internal penalty function algorithm, the optimization function (fmincon) algorithm, and the conventional particle-swarm optimization algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm has good accuracy for true-temperature inversion. Actual experimental results from a rocket-motor plume were used to demonstrate that the true-temperature inversion results of this algorithm are in good agreement with the theoretical true-temperature values.

Immunotherapies have revolutionized the landscape of cancer treatment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), as crucial components of the tumor immune environment, has great therapeutic potential. However, nonspecific inhibition of Tregs in therapies may not lead to enhanced antitumor responses, but could also trigger autoimmune reactions in patients, resulting in intolerable treatment side effects. Hence, the precision targeting and inhibition of tumor-infiltrating Tregs is of paramount importance. In this overview, we summarize the characteristics and subpopulations of Tregs within tumor microenvironment and their inhibitory mechanisms in antitumor responses. Furthermore, we discuss the current major strategies targeting regulatory T cells, weighing their advantages and limitations, and summarize representative clinical trials targeting Tregs in cancer treatment. We believe that developing therapies that specifically target and suppress tumor-infiltrating Tregs holds great promise for advancing immune-based therapies.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) have been wildly synthesised and studied as electrode materials for supercapacitors, and bimetallic MOF of Ni and Co has been broadly studied to enhance both specific capacitance and stability of supercapacitors. Herein, a best performance (about 320 F/g) of Ni–Co bimetallic MOF was found in a uniform preparation condition by adjusting the ratio of Ni to Co. Then tiny third metal ion was introduced, and we found that the morphology of material has a significant change on the original basis. Furthermore, certain ions (Zn, Fe, Mn) introduced make a huge improvement in capacitance based on Ni–Co MOF of 320 F/g. The result shows that Zn–Ni–Co MOF, Fe–Ni–Co MOF and Mn–Ni–Co MOF perform specific capacitance of 1135 F/g, 870 F/g and 760F/g at 1 A/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was constructed by Zn–Ni–Co MOF as positive electrode and active carbon (AC) as negative electrode. The Zn–Ni–Co MOF//AC ASC possesses a energy density of 58 Wh/kg at a power density of 775 W/kg. This research provides a new methods to regulate the morphology of MOF and a novel viewpoint for assembling high-performance, low-price, and eco-friendly green energy storage devices.

Embedded modular branched stent graft (EMBSG) was a new option for aortic arch aneurysm. However, the therapeutic effect of this innovative stenting technique has not been fully assessed. Computational fluid dynamics and three-dimensional structural analyses were performed on three patients (Patient I, Patient II and Patient III) with aortic arch aneurysm, both before and after EMBSG implantation. Patient-specific alterations from preoperative to postoperative were analyzed via morphological and functional metrics. Patient I and Patient II showed notable curvature changes and area reduction after intervention procedure. Three patients showed an increase in flow velocity after EMBSG implantation, while the pressure drop from ascending aorta to the aortic arch was remarkable in Patient I and Patient II with the value of 7.09 ​mmHg, and 10.95 ​mmHg, respectively. Patient I and Patient II also showed elevated time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) in the stenting region, while Patient III showed a trivial change in TAWSS after intervention procedure. Three patients showed low relative residence time after EMBSG insertion. The short-term results of EMBSG in treating aortic arch aneurysm were promising. Hemodynamic parameters have the potential to assist in the outcome evaluation and might be used to guide the stent graft design and wise selection, thereby improving the long-term therapeutic effect in managing complex vascular disease.

Oviductus Ranae (OR) is one of the “treasures of Changbai Mountain” in China. It is used clinically for the treatment of infirmity after illness, fatigued spirit, cough, hemoptysis, and so forth. In this study, a simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of five main effective components (1-methyl hydantoin, estradiol, cholesterol, 7-keto-cholesterol, and 4-cholesten-3-one) in OR and its different processed products. The results indicated that these five components showed good linear relationships within their own concentration ranges along with coefficients of determination ≥0.9996. Average recoveries ranged from 97.67% to 100.06%, with RSDs of 1.45%–1.99%. The proposed method was found to be simple, accurate, and stable, which provided an effective analytical method for quality control and evaluation of OR and its different processed products.

Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the ovary is an extremely rare tumor with invasive clinical behavior and poor outcome. However, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment strategy. Surgery followed by chemotherapy is considered the most common therapeutic option. Here, we report a case of a 55-year-old woman with ovarian LCNEC who relapsed after radical surgery and multiple lines of therapy. The tumor lesions continued to grow, and further immunohistochemistry showed low human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression. After treatment with the anti-HER2 drug trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd, formerly DS-8201a), the tumor burden was significantly reduced, and the patient achieved a progression-free survival (PFS) of 4 months. Our case provides a potential treatment option for recurrent ovarian LCNEC with low-level HER2 expression.

On highways, vehicles that swerve out of their lane due to sideslip can pose a serious threat to the safety of autonomous vehicles. To ensure their safety, predicting the sideslip trajectories of such vehicles is crucial. However, the scarcity of data on vehicle sideslip scenarios makes it challenging to apply data-driven methods for prediction. Hence, this study uses a physical model-based approach to predict vehicle sideslip trajectories. Nevertheless, the traditional physical model-based method relies on constant input assumption, making its long-term prediction accuracy poor. To address this challenge, this study presents the time-series analysis and interacting multiple model-based (IMM) sideslip trajectory prediction (TSIMMSTP) method, which encompasses time-series analysis and multi-physical model fusion, for the prediction of vehicle sideslip trajectories. Firstly, we use the proposed adaptive quadratic exponential smoothing method with damping (AQESD) in the time-series analysis module to predict the input state sequence required by kinematic models. Then, we employ an IMM approach to fuse the prediction results of various physical models. The implementation of these two methods allows us to significantly enhance the long-term predictive accuracy and reduce the uncertainty of sideslip trajectories. The proposed method is evaluated through numerical simulations in vehicle sideslip scenarios, and the results clearly demonstrate that it improves the long-term prediction accuracy and reduces the uncertainty compared to other model-based methods.

High-voltage semiconductor devices such as thyristors, due to the high voltage applied, when encountering atmospheric neutrons in the operating state, may appear single event burnout due to charge multiplication in high-altitude areas. The atmospheric neutron radiation in high-altitude areas can cause damage and interference to semiconductor devices, which seriously threatens their safe operation. However, there is little research on the influence of atmospheric neutron irradiation on the operating life of high-voltage DC transmission system thyristors in high-altitude areas. Therefore, in this paper, the neutron beam of the Atmospheric Neutron Irradiation Spectrometer (ANIS) of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) was used to irradiate the high-power thyristors. The failure rates of different applied voltages under 6.74 × 106 n/cm2/s neutron flux irradiation and the leakage current changes during irradiation were obtained. The failure rate applied voltage relationship curve obtained from the artificial neutron irradiation experiment was converted to the corresponding value in Yangbajing area, China. Through the results of the artificial neutron accelerated irradiation experiment, the thyristor failure rate-voltage formula in different areas can be more accurately estimated. In this way, the reasonable working voltage can be determined according to the operating life demand of the thyristor, and determine the thyristor configuration scheme of the design of the converter station. In addition, it is found that the leakage current of thyristor increases with the increase of neutron irradiation time, which may eventually lead to the degradation of thyristor performance and affect its reliability in the DC transmission system.

Many SF6 gas-insulated current transformers (CT) are used in the power grid. The global warming potential (GWP) of SF6 is 23,900 times that of CO2, and the leakage of SF6 will aggravate the global warming trend. It is a hot issue to carry out the study of environment-friendly gas substitution in the power grid. This paper systematically studied the voltage withstand, partial discharge, and temperature rise characteristics of dry air, N2, and CO2 gas-insulated CTs. Through the study, the permissible critical pressures in environment-friendly gas-insulated CTs were determined to be 0.9 MPa for dry air, 0.7 MPa for N2, and 0.8 MPa for CO2, respectively. The partial discharge intensity was less than 5 pC for environment-friendly gas-insulated CTs at 0.3 MPa∼0.8 MPa pressure. The experimental results of temperature rise characteristics showed that under the condition of a 600A rated operating current, the maximum temperature rise of the CTs was about 80 °C, and the maximum temperature rise happened at the conductive rod. The experimental results verified that environment-friendly gases could meet the requirements of insulation and temperature rise. Due to the increase of pressure in CTs, the action pressure of the explosion-proof membrane should be changed to meet the mechanical strength requirements. It is recommended that when using 0.9 MPa dry air, the action pressure should be designed as 1.8 MPa; when using 0.7 MPa N2, the pressure should be designed as 1.4 MPa; when using 0.8 MPa CO2, the pressure should be designed as 1.6 MPa. The results of this paper can provide a reference for development of environment-friendly gas-insulated CTs.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed structures, which have important functions in plants. However, their biogenesis, degradation, and function upon treatment with gibberellins (GAs) and auxins (1-naphthaleneacetic acid, NAA) remain unknown. Here, we systematically identified and characterized the expression patterns, evolutionary conservation, genomic features, and internal structures of circRNAs using RNase R-treated libraries from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) seedlings. Moreover, we investigated the biogenesis of circRNAs dependent on both cis- and trans-regulation. We explored the function of circRNAs, including their roles in regulating microRNA (miRNA)-related genes and modulating the alternative splicing of their linear counterparts. Importantly, we developed a customized degradome sequencing approach to detect miRNA-mediated cleavage of circRNAs. Finally, we presented a comprehensive view of the participation of circRNAs in the regulation of hormone metabolism upon treatment of bamboo seedlings with GA and NAA. Collectively, our study provides insights into the biogenesis, function, and miRNA-mediated degradation of circRNAs in moso bamboo.

Abstract Background Active workstations have been proposed as a feasible approach for reducing occupational sedentary time. This study used a network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess and compare the overall efficacy of active workstation interventions according to type and concomitant strategy for reducing work-specific sitting time in office workers. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from database inception until May 2022 to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of active workstations with or without concomitant strategies for reducing occupational sedentary time in office workers. The risk of bias of the RCTs included in this study was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. An NMA with STATA 15.1 was used to construct a network diagram, league figures, and the final surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results A total of 23 eligible studies including eight different types of interventions with 1428 office workers were included. NMA results showed that compared to a typical desk, multicomponent intervention (standardized mean difference (SMD) = − 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) − 2.17, − 0.82; SUCRA = 72.4%), sit-stand workstation + promotion (Reminders of rest breaks, posture variation, or incidental office activity) (SMD = − 1.49; 95%CI − 2.42, − 0.55; SUCRA = 71.0%), treadmill workstation + promotion (SMD = − 1.29; 95%CI − 2.51, − 0.07; SUCRA = 61.6%), and sit-stand workstation (SMD = − 1.10, 95%CI − 1.64, − 0.56; SUCRA = 50.2%) were effective in reducing occupational sedentary time for office workers. Conclusions Multicomponent intervention, sit-stand workstation + promotion, treadmill workstation + promotion, and sit-stand workstation appear to be effective in reducing work-specific sedentary time for office workers. Furthermore, multicomponent interventions and active workstations + promotion better reduced work-specific sedentary time than active workstation alone. However, the overall certainty of the evidence was low. Trial registration Our study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO); registration number: CRD42022344432.

Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) is widely recognized for its growth promoting, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, little is known about the role of HRW in aquaculture. This study aims to investigate how different concentrations of HRW affect the growth performance, digestive ability, antioxidant capacity, mTOR signaling pathway, and gut microbiota of juvenile largemouth bass. We randomly assigned 360 fish (13.73 ± 0.1 g) to three treatments. The control group was maintained in regular water, while the treatment groups were treated with different concentrations of H2 dissolved in water, which were H1 (179.65 ± 31.95 ppb) and H2 (280.65 ± 64.43 ppb), respectively. Through an analysis of the three treatments, it was found that H1 significantly increased the final body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and survival rate, and reduced the feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). In addition, the trypsin activity was significantly increased in the intestine (p < 0.05), and the expression of genes related to the glucose metabolism (pk and pepck) and mTOR (tor, akt, s6k1, 4ebp1, and ampka) signaling pathways were significantly increased in the liver in H1 (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Blautia in the gut microbiota (p < 0.05) was significantly increased in H1. Therefore, these results indicated that H1 can significantly improve growth performance, promote intestinal digestion, activate the glucose metabolism pathway and mTOR signaling pathway, and increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the gut of largemouth bass. These findings provided valuable support for the application of HRW to support the healthy aquaculture of largemouth bass.

The Dabie–Sulu Orogen hosts the largest province of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks in the world. The post-collisional extension eroded and transported volumes of rocks from the Dabie Orogen to adjacent basins, causing a lack of information about the orogen and thus obstructing our understanding of the exhumation process of UHP rocks. In addition, the mechanisms that triggered the post-collisional extension and affected the petrological-tectonic units of the orogen are still unclear. This study is focused on the time in which the present tectonic framework in the Dabie Orogen took place, selecting Early Cretaceous plutons in the eastern part of the orogen and carrying out detailed zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and crystallization depth calculation. The zircon dating results show that the emplacement time of the Meichuan and Luannitan plutons and the Penghe superunit of the Zhubuyuan pluton are all ~128 Ma, while the Huangbai superunit of the Zhubuyuan pluton and the Longmianzhai pluton formed at ~125 Ma. The emplacement time and later anatexis of the Baimajian pluton occurred at ~128 and ~122 Ma, respectively. The results of the Al-in-hornblende geobarometer show that plutons of ~128 Ma have a similar crystallization depth, while plutons of ~125 Ma range from 7.6 to 9.5 km. The Baimajian pluton has a greater crystallization depth. Combined with the existing achievements, a conclusion can be drawn that the present tectonic framework of the Dabie Orogen began to form from ~128 Ma.

The vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) remains a formidable challenge, due to the intricate constraints of vehicle capacity and time windows. As a result, an algorithm tailored for this problem must demonstrate robust search capabilities and profound exploration abilities. Traditional methods often struggle to balance global search capabilities with computational efficiency, thus limiting their practical applicability. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a novel hybrid algorithm known as large neighborhood search with modified rat swarm optimization (LNS-MRSO). Modified rat swarm optimization (MRSO) is inspired by the foraging behavior of rat swarms and simulates the search process for optimization problems. Meanwhile, large neighborhood search (LNS) generates potential new solutions by removing and reinserting operators, incorporating a mechanism to embrace suboptimal solutions and strengthening the algorithm’s prowess in global optimization. Initial solutions are greedily generated, and five operators are devised to mimic the position updates of the rat swarm, providing rich population feedback to LNS and further enhancing algorithm performance. To validate the effectiveness of LNS-MRSO, experiments were conducted using the Solomon VRPTW benchmark test set. The results unequivocally demonstrate that LNS-MRSO achieves optimal solutions for all 39 test instances, particularly excelling on the R2 and RC2 datasets with percentage deviations improved by 5.1% and 8.8%, respectively, when compared to the best-known solutions (BKSs). Furthermore, when compared to state-of-the-art algorithms, LNS-MRSO exhibits remarkable advantages in addressing VRPTW problems with high loading capacities and lenient time windows. Additionally, applying LNS-MRSO to an unmanned concrete-mixing station further validates its practical utility and scalability.

From quantum communications to quantum computing, single-photon emitters (SPEs) are essential components of numerous quantum technologies. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have especially been found to be highly attractive for the research into nanoscale light–matter interactions. In particular, localized photonic states at their surfaces have attracted great attention due to their enormous potential applications in quantum optics. Recently, SPEs have been achieved in various 2D materials, while the challenges still remain. This paper reviews the recent research progress on these SPEs based on various 2D materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and twisted-angle 2D materials. Additionally, we summarized the strategies to create, position, enhance, and tune the emission wavelength of these emitters by introducing external fields into these 2D system. For example, pronounced enhancement of the SPEs’ properties can be achieved by coupling with external fields, such as the plasmonic field, and by locating in optical microcavities. Finally, this paper also discusses current challenges and offers perspectives that could further stimulate scientific research in this field. These emitters, due to their unique physical properties and integration potential, are highly appealing for applications in quantum information and communication, as well as other physical and technological fields.

This study examined the aesthetic developmental characteristics of contour features (curved and sharp corners) among children and adolescents with different levels (high and low) of visual aesthetic sensitivity in three grades (4, 6, and 8). The results revealed that (1) there was a significant main effect of contour features, with children and adolescents liking curved contours and perceiving them as more beautiful than sharp-angled contours; (2) there was a significant interaction with contour features in grades 6 and 4, and there was no significant difference in liking curved contours and perceiving them to be more beautiful between students in grades 6 and 4. However, grade 6 students disliked sharp-angled contours and perceived them as more unattractive than grade 4 students; and (3) there was a significant interaction between the level of visual aesthetic sensitivity and contour features, as children and adolescents with both high and low levels of visual aesthetic sensitivity preferred curved contours and considered them more beautiful. However, children and adolescents with high-level visual aesthetic sensitivity disliked sharp-angled contours and considered them more unattractive compared to students with low-level visual aesthetic sensitivity. The results proposed that children and adolescents preferred curved contours, 6th graders were more sensitive to curved contours than 4th graders, and children and adolescents with high-level visual aesthetic sensitivity were more sensitive to sharp-angled contours than children and adolescents with low-level visual aesthetic sensitivity.

Savolitinib is a highly selective mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Based on its significant efficacy shown in clinical studies, savolitinib was conditionally approved for marketing in China on 22 June 2021, for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with MET 14 exon skipping mutation. Additionally, many studies showed that MET TKIs were equally effective in patients with advanced solid tumors with MET gene amplification or MET protein overexpression. Several relevant registered clinical studies are in progress. The most common adverse reactions (ARs) due to savolitinib administration are nausea, vomiting, peripheral edema, pyrexia, and hepatotoxicity. This consensus was developed through two rounds of extensive national surveys involving multidisciplinary experts in China, aiming to guide clinicians to prevent and treat various ARs scientifically, and improve the efficacy of the drug and the quality of life of patients.

Abstract Developing facile and low‐cost synthetic methods of high‐active platinum group metal‐free electrocatalysts is essential for green hydrogen production primarily based on water electrolysis. We adopted a facile solution‐based synthetic approach to prepare nickel phosphide nanoparticles (NP) and systematically studied the role of phosphorus ligands in the synthesis. Pure‐phase Ni2P NPs were obtained by selecting the proper phosphorus ligands, which tuned the structures of the product. The Ni2P nanowire, prepared using triphenyl phosphite, exhibited the best activity and stability in acidic, neutral, and alkaline media for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), indicating the advantages of the nanowire structure to the performance. In the acidic medium, it only required overpotential values of 100 and 167 mV to achieve the HER current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the overpotential increased only by 26 mV during the 50‐hour stability test, indicating potential for device application. It was also demonstrated that the on‐site generation of insoluble nickel salts (e. g., hydroxides, phosphates, etc.) on the surface resulted in lower activity and stability in neutral and alkaline media than in acid.

The interaction between urbanization and ecosystem services (ESs) is a hot topic in the modern human-earth system science. Currently, most studies only focus on the effects of urbanization on ESs supply, few studies have accurately quantified the ESs demand and explored the spatial–temporal coupling interactions between urbanization and ESs supply–demand balance. To address these gaps, this study used process-based modeling to estimate the absolute number of ESs demand. Ecosystem supply–demand ratio (ESDR) is employed to measure the ESs balance. Finally, pearson correlation analysis, coupling coordination degree model, and bivariate local Moran’s I method were used to explore the interactive relationship between urbanization and ESs balance in the Loess Plateau (LP). Results indicated that the LP experienced rapid urbanization with characteristics of faster economic urbanization than land and population urbanization from 2000 to 2018. Negative correlations between construction land proportion and ESDR enhanced over time. Although the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and ESDR increased, most counties were mild incoordination and basic coordination. The spatial interaction of urbanization and ESDR was divided into four types: co-promotion type, ecological lag type, urbanization lag type, and co-loss type. This study can contribute to providing a scientific reference and practical guidance for coordinating ecological protection and high-quality development in underdeveloped areas.

ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the effects of different exercise rehabilitation (ER) programs on LVEF and the incidence of restenosis in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through a systematic review and an integrated network meta-analysis (NMA) to provide a reference for the clinical formulation of ER programs for PCI patients.MethodsMeta-analyses of the effects of different types of ER programs on LVEF and the incidence of reinfarction in post-PCI patients were retrieved from 11 domestic and foreign databases. The methodological and reporting quality of the included systematic reviews were evaluated using the AMSTAR 2 and PRISMA statements. The GRADE scoring system was used to evaluate the quality of evidence found in the studies included in the meta-analysis, and studies with high and intermediate-quality evidence were qualitatively analyzed. Stata software (version 16.0) was used to conduct an integrated NMA of the original RCTs with moderate and low risk of bias.ResultSixteen meta-analyses were included in this evaluation. The reporting quality of the included meta-analyses was relatively complete, and the methodological quality was low. Seventy RCTs were included in the NMA. The results showed that all types of rehabilitative exercises were safe and effectively increased LVEF and reduced the incidence of coronary restenosis in patients. The comprehensive exercise program was the most likely to improve LVEF, and the comprehensive exercise program, early exercise program, and high-intensity interval exercise were better than aerobic exercise. Comprehensive exercise programs, early exercise programs, and aerobic exercise reduced the incidence of restenosis in patients. However, Chinese Qigong did not reduce the incidence of restenosis in patients, and there was a risk of bias and inconsistency in the quantitative analysis of restenosis incidence.ConclusionComprehensive exercise programs have the greatest therapeutic significance in improving cardiac output and reducing restenosis rates in post-PCI patients. The early exercise program has great potential but requires kinesiologists to work with physicians to structure the program and strengthen out-of-hospital management. Aerobic exercise has the least therapeutic significance, and Chinese Qigong is suitable for promotion based on its better efficacy than aerobic exercise and may be an alternative to aerobic exercise, but more experimental evidence is needed.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, PROSPERO CRD42022374590.

We present a case of a woman with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who experienced disease progression during treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) osimertinib due to an unplanned pregnancy. Given the risk of tumor progression, the patient underwent an artificial abortion. However, disease deterioration occurred shortly after termination of the pregnancy, with severe chest pain, increased dyspnea, and pleural effusion. After positive rescue measures, including emergency thoracic drainage, thoracentesis, and oxygen uptake, her symptoms improved. Considering pregnancy as an immune escape physiological process, the patient continued treatment with osimertinib, and a partial response (PR) lasting 16 months was observed. Therefore, this case highlights the importance of being vigilant about the rapid development of the tumor after delivery in pregnant patients with EGFR-mutation lung cancer and taking preventive measures to cope with various emergencies.

The EAST ICRF system operating space has been extended in power and phase control with a low-level RF system for the new double-strap antenna. Then the multi-step power and periodic phase scanning experiment were conducted in L-mode plasma, respectively. In the power scanning experiment, the stored energy, radiation power, plasma impedance and the antenna's temperature all have positive responses during the short ramp-ups of PL,ICRF. The core ion temperature increased from 1 keV to 1.5 keV and the core heating area expanded from |Z|≤5cm to |Z|≤10cm during the injection of ICRF waves. In the phasing scanning experiment, in addition to the same conclusions as the previous relatively phasing scanning experiment, the superposition effect of the fluctuation of stored energy, radiation power and neutron yield caused by phasing change with dual antenna, resulting in the amplitude and phase shift, was also observed. The active control of RF output facilitates the precise control of plasma profiles and greatly benefits future experimental exploration.

With the rapid development of autonomous driving, robotics, and intelligent transportation, multi-sensor-based environment sensing technology for intelligent vehicles has become a popular research direction. In order to better fuse the data acquired by multi-sensors, accurate external parameter calibration becomes one of the critical issues. According to the method of external parameter calibration, this paper first introduces the offline calibration technology based on target and targetless methods. However, once these two methods change the relative position between the camera and the LiDAR, it can only be returned to the field to re-calibrate. The computational complexity is high, which makes it necessary to use the online calibration directly. Hence, this paper follows up with the introduction of online calibration technology based on deep learning. Unlike previous methods that need to extract features from calibration boards or environments, various types of networks can directly learn the mapping relationship between images and point clouds, From the calibration results, the average error of translation and rotation of traditional methods can reach 0.34cm and 0.45°, the average error of using deep learning networks such as LCCNet, which is the most widely used in existing networks and has good calibration effect, can reach 0.297cm and 0.017°. Compared with the traditional method, the accuracy of online calibration technology is respectively improved by 12.6% and 96.2%, which shows the results of online calibration technology are better than the traditional offline method, and there are some recently proposed methods incorporate an attention mechanism and use an optimization algorithm instead of a loss function to refine the outer parameters. From the review, learning the relative relationships between sensors through neural networks works best, and the process is relatively free of human intervention. Contrary to the existing reviews, this paper provides a general structure of calibration methods universally used in various environments and compares various methods based on this general structure.

Road cracks, which are a common hazard in pavements throughout the life cycle of a road, can degrade the performance of the road, shorten its service life, and endanger the safety of vehicles. Traditional vision machine detection methods can detect road crack details but suffer from poor stability and generalization ability, whereas semantic segmentation detection, although more stable, cannot track fine road crack information. To combine the advantages of both methods and improve the accuracy of road crack detection, a novel feature fusion road crack detection method is proposed in this study. First, the bilateral filter and four-way Sobel operator are introduced into the Canny algorithm to enhance the noise reduction effect and extract edge features more effectively. Second, the dynamic threshold is generated adaptively by the gradient information after non-maximum suppression. Subsequently, the detection map is morphologically processed, the connected areas are ranked, and the bilateral filter parameters are adjusted based on the detection results. The Canny road crack detection map is then extracted by the convolutional feature extraction module, fused with the low feature layer in the DeepLabV3+ detection network, and finally stitched with the high feature layer; the resulting map is obtained after convolutional feature extraction. The method was validated on the publicly available complex road crack dataset CRACK500; the experimental results showed that feature fusion outperformed the adaptive Canny, DeepLabV3+, Unet, PSPnet, and ICnet algorithms by more than 6.5% on the Mean Intersection over Union(MIoU) and also in Mean Absolute Error(MAE) by effectively combining crack features and improving the detection accuracy.

Cooperative control for multiple vehicles is a promising technology with the capability to improve traffic efficiency and fuel savings. Given its potential for both commercial and military applications, multiple unmanned vehicle formation has attracted considerable attention recently. In this paper, the use of formation control for connected and autonomous vehicles was explored and a novel distributed formation control approach was proposed. To begin, the evolution mechanism of multi-lane formation was investigated and a formation transition model based on a finite state machine was constructed. A bi-level formation control scheme was then proposed; this framework’s upper and lower levels were used to perform trajectory planning and MPC-based control, respectively. A novel trajectory planning approach was constructed by combining the distributed consensus algorithm and the potential field method. Moreover, additional acceleration constraints were imposed on the trajectory planning algorithm. Finally, three scenarios were designed to validate the proposed formation control algorithm using Webots. The results illustrate that a formation deployed with the proposed formation control algorithm can handle abnormal situations and realize consensus within 12s.