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1. The Current Status and Future Prospects of KAGRA, the Large-Scale Cryogenic Gravitational Wave Telescope Built in the Kamioka Underground

Author

Homare Abe, Tomotada Akutsu, Masaki Ando, Akito Araya, Naoki Aritomi, Hideki Asada, Yoichi Aso, Sangwook Bae, Rishabh Bajpai, Kipp Cannon, Zhoujian Cao, Eleonora Capocasa, Man Leong Chan, Dan Chen, Yi-Ru Chen, Marc Eisenmann, Raffaele Flaminio, Heather K. Fong, Yuta Fujikawa, Yuya Fujimoto, I. Putu Wira Hadiputrawan, Sadakazu Haino, Wenbiao Han, Kazuhiro Hayama, Yoshiaki Himemoto, Naoatsu Hirata, Chiaki Hirose, Tsung-Chieh Ho, Bin-Hua Hsieh, He-Feng Hsieh, Chia-Hsuan Hsiung, Hsiang-Yu Huang, Panwei Huang, Yao-Chin Huang, Yun-Jing Huang, David C. Y. Hui, Kohei Inayoshi, Yuki Inoue, Yousuke Itoh, Pil-Jong Jung, Takaaki Kajita, Masahiro Kamiizumi, Nobuyuki Kanda, Takashi Kato, Chunglee Kim, Jaewan Kim, Young-Min Kim, Yuichiro Kobayashi, Kazunori Kohri, Keiko Kokeyama, Albert K. H. Kong, Naoki Koyama, Chihiro Kozakai, Jun’ya Kume, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Kyujin Kwak, Eunsub Lee, Hyung Won Lee, Ray-Kuang Lee, Matteo Leonardi, Kwan-Lok Li, Pengbo Li, Lupin Chun-Che Lin, Chun-Yu Lin, En-Tzu Lin, Hong-Lin Lin, Guo-Chin Liu, Ling-Wei Luo, Miftahul Ma’arif, Yuta Michimura, Norikatsu Mio, Osamu Miyakawa, Kouseki Miyo, Shinji Miyoki, Nozomi Morisue, Kouji Nakamura, Hiroyuki Nakano, Masayuki Nakano, Tatsuya Narikawa, Lan Nguyen Quynh, Takumi Nishimoto, Atsushi Nishizawa, Yoshihisa Obayashi, Kwangmin Oh, Masatake Ohashi, Tomoya Ohashi, Masashi Ohkawa, Yoshihiro Okutani, Ken-ichi Oohara, Shoichi Oshino, Kuo-Chuan Pan, Alessandro Parisi, June Gyu Park, Fabián E. Peña Arellano, Surojit Saha, Kazuki Sakai, Takahiro Sawada, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Lijing Shao, Yutaka Shikano, Hirotaka Shimizu, Katsuhiko Shimode, Hisaaki Shinkai, Ayaka Shoda, Kentaro Somiya, Inhyeok Song, Ryosuke Sugimoto, Jishnu Suresh, Takamasa Suzuki, Takanori Suzuki, Toshikazu Suzuki, Hideyuki Tagoshi, Hirotaka Takahashi, Ryutaro Takahashi, Hiroki Takeda, Mei Takeda, Atsushi Taruya, Takayuki Tomaru, Tomonobu Tomura, Lucia Trozzo, Terrence T. L. Tsang, Satoshi Tsuchida, Takuya Tsutsui, Darkhan Tuyenbayev, Nami Uchikata, Takashi Uchiyama, Tomoyuki Uehara, Koh Ueno, Takafumi Ushiba, Maurice H. P. M. van Putten, Tatsuki Washimi, Chien-Ming Wu, Hsun-Chung Wu, Tomohiro Yamada, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Takahiro Yamamoto, Ryo Yamazaki, Shu-Wei Yeh, Jun’ichi Yokoyama, Takaaki Yokozawa, Hirotaka Yuzurihara, Simon Zeidler, and Yuhang Zhao

Subjects
gravitational wave detector, laser interferometer, cryogenics, underground, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract

KAGRA is a gravitational-wave (GW) detector constructed in Japan with two unique key features: It was constructed underground, and the test-mass mirrors are cooled to cryogenic temperatures. These features are not included in other kilometer-scale detectors but will be adopted in future detectors such as the Einstein Telescope. KAGRA performed its first joint observation run with GEO600 in 2020. In this observation, the sensitivity of KAGRA to GWs was inferior to that of other kilometer-scale detectors such as LIGO and Virgo. However, further upgrades to the detector are ongoing to reach the sensitivity for detecting GWs in the next observation run, which is scheduled for 2022. In this article, the current situation, sensitivity, and future perspectives are reviewed.

Published
2022
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2. Control scheme for polarization circulation speed meter using a dual-retardation waveplate

Author

Yohei Nishino, Tomotada Akutsu, Yoichi Aso, and Takayuki Tomaru

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

In interferometric gravitational wave detectors, quantum radiation pressure noise, which is a back action of the measurement, will limit their sensitivities at low frequencies. Speed meters are one of the solutions to reduce the back action noise and improve the sensitivities, and furthermore, they can surpass the standard quantum limit over a wide range of frequencies. The Polarization Circulation Speed Meter is the latest incarnation of the speed meter concept in the sense that it requires a slight modification in the conventional interferometer designs; however, its control scheme has not been developed. The main difficulty is the length and alignment control of the cavity formed by the polarization circulation mirror and the input test masses, whose round-trip phase shift should be kept to $\pi$. In this article, we propose a new control scheme using a dual-retardation waveplate, called Dual-Retardance Control (DRC). In addition, we compare the shot noise level of the DRC to another simpler scheme by dithering. Finally, we design the experimental setup for the demonstration of the DRC and show the expected results through the transfer function measurement., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables

Published
2023

3. Pushing the boundaries of gravitational wave detection.

Author

Yoichi Aso

Subjects
*QUANTUM noise, *BLACK holes, *LASER interferometers, *NEUTRON stars, *ASTROPHYSICS
Abstract

The article discusses the recent advancements in gravitational wave detection, specifically focusing on reducing quantum noise to improve the sensitivity of detectors like the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). By utilizing a squeezed vacuum state and a filter cavity, researchers were able to reduce quantum noise below the standard quantum limit (SQL) across a broader range of frequencies. This achievement has significant implications for enhancing the capabilities of GW observatories, detecting signals from heavy black hole mergers, and advancing quantum metrology. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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4. Demonstration of length control for a filter cavity with coherent control sidebands

Author

Naoki Aritomi, Yuhang Zhao, Eleonora Capocasa, Matteo Leonardi, Marc Eisenmann, Michael Page, Yuefan Guo, Eleonora Polini, Akihiro Tomura, Koji Arai, Yoichi Aso, Martin van Beuzekom, Yao-Chin Huang, Ray-Kuang Lee, Harald Lück, Osamu Miyakawa, Pierre Prat, Ayaka Shoda, Matteo Tacca, Ryutaro Takahashi, Henning Vahlbruch, Marco Vardaro, Chien-Ming Wu, Matteo Barsuglia, Raffaele Flaminio, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
noise, quantum, VIRGO, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], alignment, cavity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], LIGO, gravitational radiation detector, coherence
Abstract

International audience; For broadband quantum noise reduction of gravitational-wave detectors, a frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum field realized using a filter cavity is the most promising technique and will be implemented in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo in the fourth observing run. To obtain the benefit of frequency-dependent squeezing, the length and alignment of the filter cavity with respect to the squeezed vacuum field must be accurately controlled. To this purpose, a new length and alignment control scheme for a filter cavity, using coherent control sidebands, was suggested [Phys. Rev. D 102, 042003 (2020)]. The coherent control sidebands are already used to control the squeezing angle in squeezed vacuum sources for gravitational-wave detectors. As both the squeezed vacuum field and coherent control sidebands have the same mode-matching conditions and almost the same frequency, the length and alignment of the filter cavity with respect to the squeezed vacuum field can be accurately controlled with this scheme. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the new control scheme for a filter cavity with coherent control sidebands. In addition to the conventional filter cavity control with the green field, we succeed in controlling the length of a 300-m filter cavity with coherent control sidebands and reduce the filter cavity length noise (rms) from 6.8 to 2.1 pm.

Published
2022

5. Improving the stability of frequency-dependent squeezing with bichromatic control of filter cavity length, alignment, and incident beam pointing

Author

Yuhang Zhao, Eleonora Capocasa, Marc Eisenmann, Naoki Aritomi, Michael Page, Yuefan Guo, Eleonora Polini, Koji Arai, Yoichi Aso, Martin van Beuzekom, Yao-Chin Huang, Ray-Kuang Lee, Harald Lück, Osamu Miyakawa, Pierre Prat, Ayaka Shoda, Matteo Tacca, Ryutaro Takahashi, Henning Vahlbruch, Marco Vardaro, Chien-Ming Wu, Matteo Leonardi, Matteo Barsuglia, Raffaele Flaminio, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, experimental methods, frequency: dependence, interferometer, measurement methods, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, mirror: cavity, bibliography, cavity: optical, alignment, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), squeezed state, gravitational radiation detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, laser, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Physics::Accelerator Physics, upgrade, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), noise: quantum
Abstract

Frequency dependent squeezing is the main upgrade for achieving broadband quantum noise reduction in upcoming observation runs of gravitational wave detectors. The proper frequency dependence of the squeezed quadrature is obtained by reflecting squeezed vacuum from a Fabry-Perot filter cavity detuned by half of its linewidth. However, since the squeezed vacuum contains no classical amplitude, co-propagating auxiliary control beams are required to achieve the filter cavity's length, alignment, and incident beam pointing stability. In our frequency dependent squeezing experiment at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, we used a control beam at a harmonic of squeezed vacuum wavelength and found visible detuning variation related to the suspended mirrors angular drift. These variations can degrade interferometer quantum noise reduction. We investigated various mechanisms that can cause the filter cavity detuning variation. The detuning drift is found to be mitigated sufficiently by fixing the incident beam pointing and applying filter cavity automatic alignment. It was also found that there is an optimal position of the beam on the filter cavity mirror that helps to reduce the detuning fluctuations. Here we report a stabilized filter cavity detuning variation of less than 10$\,$Hz compared to the 113$\,$Hz cavity linewidth. Compared to previously published results [Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 171101 (2020)], such detuning stability would be sufficient to make filter cavity detuning drift induced gravitational wave detector detection range fluctuation reduce from $11\%$ to within $2\%$., Comment: Accepted by PRD

Published
2022

6. Overview of KAGRA: Calibration, detector characterization, physical environmental monitors, and the geophysics interferometer

Author

R. Shimizu, Ettore Majorana, H. B. Jin, P. Jung, M. Fukunaga, G-Z. Huang, F. E. Peña Arellano, H. Pang, Kunihiro Nagano, John J. Oh, Atsushi Nishizawa, M. Nakano, C. Kozakai, Yasufumi Kojima, S. Saito, Takayuki Tomaru, T. Tomura, Y. Fujikawa, Kazuhiro Hayama, Hajime Sotani, Shigeo Nagano, Masatake Ohashi, S. Otabe, Naoki Aritomi, Chunglee Kim, Tatsuhiro Yamada, Kipp Cannon, Shuen De Wu, Yuhang Zhao, Fumihiro Uraguchi, Hideki Asada, Ryutaro Takahashi, Kei Kotake, Yutaro Enomoto, Naoko Ohishi, L. W. Luo, K. Inayoshi, S. Bae, S. Ha, Sadakazu Haino, T. Narikawa, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, Ryo Yamazaki, K. Hattori, Y. Tomigami, K. Ueno, Zhoujian Cao, Keiko Kokeyama, Kentaro Somiya, G. Ge, K. Yamashita, Wei-Tou Ni, Satoshi Tsuchida, Takashi Sato, M. Zhan, Akiteru Takamori, Masaki Ando, Y. Nakayama, F. K. Lin, W-R. Xu, T. Sawada, Seog Oh, Ray-Kuang Lee, C. P. Ooi, C. Chen, Takahiro Tanaka, S. Ide, H. Vocca, J. Wang, Albert K. H. Kong, T. Yoshioka, Lijing Shao, T. Shimoda, Y. Okutani, R. Flaminio, S. Eguchi, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Sakuno, R. Kozu, Hyang Woon Lee, Zong-Hong Zhu, Y. Hiranuma, Wen-Biao Han, Hideaki Hayakawa, K. Chen, Y. Mori, Yuki Fujii, H. Ohta, Y. Miyazaki, A. Shoda, B. H. Hsieh, Y. Sakai, K. Sakai, S. Oshino, T. Ushiba, Luca Baiotti, Simon Zeidler, Yousuke Itoh, Hiroyuki Nakano, Takaaki Kajita, Yuki Inoue, S. Shibagaki, Hiroyuki Takeda, Chau Ron Wu, Y-K. Chu, M. Kamiizumi, Guo-Chin Liu, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, S. Sato, Y. Kuromiya, Yuta Michimura, N. Hirata, A. Miyamoto, Y. Huang, K. L. Li, Yi Chen, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Kimio Tsubono, Hideyuki Tagoshi, S. Imam, H. L. Lin, M. Chan, Rajesh Kumar, L. C.C. Lin, K. Kusayanagi, K. Okutomi, D. C. Y. Hui, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, K. Kaihotsu, J. Kim, Jinsook Kim, K. Ito, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, L. Nguyen Quynh, K. Yokogawa, R. Bajpai, K. Shimode, Norikatsu Mio, Koya Arai, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, L. Naticchioni, T. Shishido, R. Nakashima, M. Takeda, Akito Araya, A. Parisi, T. Yokozawa, E. N. Tapia San Martin, Souichi Telada, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Jishnu Suresh, Y. Arai, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, N. Kawai, Soichiro Morisaki, C. Jeon, W. S. Kim, T. Uehara, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Nobutada Kimura, K. Oh, D. Tuyenbayev, Kentaro Komori, N. Kita, T. Kawasaki, T. Tsang, Hong Wu, Yi Yang, Kuo-Chuan Pan, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, A. Hagiwara, D. Gao, R. Negishi, C-Y. Lin, E. Capocasa, Shinji Miyoki, H. Chu, G. Ueshima, Tomotada Akutsu, M. A. Barton, Y. M. Kim, C-Y. Chiang, Hisa-aki Shinkai, L. Trozzo, Norichika Sago, K. Kwak, J. Kume, Takahiro Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Kanda, S. Nozaki, H. K. Tanaka, H. Yuzurihara, Masako Kakizaki, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, F-L. Lin, M. Leonardi, Haruki Kitazawa, J-S. Tsao, Takuya Tsutsui, M. Marchio, Yoichi Aso, J. Park, K. Izumi, F. Travasso, Hirotaka Takahashi, Nami Uchikata, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, H. Y. Huang, G. Kang, H. Zhang, A. Ueda, Sakae Araki, Osamu Miyakawa, Chin Guo Kuo, Y. Moriwaki, K. Yamamoto, Toshio Suzuki, Hyun Lee, Y. Bae, Masashi Ohkawa, K. Hasegawa, T. Washimi, Kyohei Kawaguchi, B. Ikenoue, H-S. Kuo, P. W. Huang, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Y. Saito, S. Takano, E. J. Son, W. Ogaki, Z. Hong, R. Sugimoto, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and KAGRA

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], data acquisition, interferometer, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, detector: noise, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, detector: calibration, KAGRA, laser: interferometer, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, geophysics, Detector, gravitational radiation, KAGRA gravitational wave kamioka, gravitational radiation detector, Characterization (materials science), detector: sensitivity, Interferometry, F32 Calibration and operation of gravitational wave detector, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, detector: sensitivity, data acquisition, interferometer, geophysics, detector: noise, detector: calibration, KAGRA, gravitational radiation detector, gravitational radiation, laser: interferometer
Abstract

KAGRA is a newly built gravitational wave observatory, a laser interferometer with a 3 km arm length, located in Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. In this series of articles, we present an overview of the baseline KAGRA, for which we finished installing the designed configuration in 2019. This article describes the method of calibration (CAL) used for reconstructing gravitational wave signals from the detector outputs, as well as the characterization of the detector (DET). We also review the physical environmental monitors (PEM) system and the geophysics interferometer (GIF). Both are used for characterizing and evaluating the data quality of the gravitational wave channel. They play important roles in utilizing the detector output for gravitational wave searches. These characterization investigations will be even more important in the near future, once gravitational wave detection has been achieved, and in using KAGRA in the gravitational wave astronomy era., Comment: 2021/02/08 Accepted by PTEP

Published
2021

7. Optical loss study of the cryogenic molecular layer using a folded cavity for future gravitational-wave detectors

Author

Yoichi Aso and S. Tanioka

Subjects
Measurement method, Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010309 optics, Optics, Attenuation coefficient, 0103 physical sciences, Nanometre, 0210 nano-technology, business, Layer (electronics), Laser beams, Optical depth
Abstract

In order to increase the number of detectable gravitational-wave sources, future gravitational-wave detectors will operate with cryogenically cooled mirrors. However, recent studies showed that cryogenic mirrors can suffer from the molecular layer formation, which introduces an additional optical loss, and the detector’s performance degrades. In order to evaluate the impact of the molecular layer on future cryogenic gravitational-wave detectors, we built a cryogenic folded-cavity setup and developed an ellipsometric measurement method. The optical loss induced by the cryogenic molecular layer shows a large value even at a few nanometer thickness and can deteriorate the performance of the future cryogenic gravitational-wave detectors.

Published
2021

9. Vibration isolation systems for the beam splitter and signal recycling mirrors of the KAGRA gravitational wave detector

Author

Hirotaka Takahashi, T. Sekiguchi, Nami Uchikata, Zong-Hong Zhu, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, H. Y. Huang, Ping Huang, Kimio Tsubono, M. Kamiizumi, R. Kozu, Shuji Saito, K. L. Li, Y. Moriwaki, Y. Mori, Atsushi Nishizawa, Souichi Telada, A. Miyamoto, T. Sawada, Kazuhiro Hayama, D. C. Y. Hui, W. S. Kim, Hiroyuki Nakano, S. Imam, Shigeo Nagano, H. L. Lin, S. Otabe, Takuya Tsutsui, Kei Kotake, Masashi Ohkawa, Jinsook Kim, K. Ito, Soichiro Morisaki, Takashi Sato, Yasufumi Kojima, C. Jeon, M. Marchio, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, T. Yamamoto, Yoichi Aso, Kohei Inayoshi, Nobuyuki Kanda, Hideaki Hayakawa, M. Takeda, Y. Tomigami, Hajime Sotani, Nobutada Kimura, Chunglee Kim, Yuka Fujii, Toshio Suzuki, M. Zhan, F. E. Peña Arellano, Fumihiro Uraguchi, T. Yokozawa, H. K. Tanaka, Hyun Lee, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, K. Yamashita, H. Vocca, Takahiro Tanaka, Satoshi Tsuchida, C. C. Kuo, D. Tuyenbayev, T. Yamada, Sadakazu Haino, H. Pang, C. Wu, K. Ueno, B. Ikenoue, F-L. Lin, Lijing Shao, T. Shimoda, Y. Okutani, K. Kaihotsu, Zhoujian Cao, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, Y. Sakuno, M. A. Barton, K. Izumi, Albert K. H. Kong, H-S. Kuo, M. Nakano, Wen-Biao Han, G. Ueshima, Y. Huang, Kyujin Kwak, K. Yamamoto, B. H. Hsieh, M. Leonardi, Y. Bae, Yuki Inoue, T. Ushiba, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, K. Shimode, J-S. Tsao, Shuen De Wu, S. Shibagaki, W. Ogaki, Simon Zeidler, Luca Baiotti, Yousuke Itoh, Z. Hong, Yuhang Zhao, E. Capocasa, Kyohei Kawaguchi, Hong Wu, Y. Kuromiya, L. Nguyen Quynh, Hiroyuki Takeda, Haruki Kitazawa, Y. Hiranuma, T. Narikawa, R. Bajpai, J. Park, Ryo Yamazaki, Y. M. Kim, H. Chu, A. Hagiwara, Hisa-aki Shinkai, C-Y. Lin, S. Sato, N. Hirata, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Keiko Kokeyama, L. Naticchioni, T. Shishido, C-Y. Chiang, Yi Chen, R. Sugimoto, Y. Nakayama, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, Yutaro Enomoto, K. Hattori, R. Nakashima, L. Trozzo, K. Oh, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, E. N. Tapia San Martin, Y. Sakai, K. Sakai, D. Gao, T. Yoshioka, N. Kawai, Norichika Sago, Akiteru Takamori, Kazuyuki Tanaka, S. Eguchi, F. K. Lin, R. Flaminio, H. B. Jin, T. Kawasaki, Akito Araya, Shinji Miyoki, G. Kang, H. Ohta, S. Takano, Kentaro Somiya, R. Hatoya, T. Kajita, A. Parisi, T. Washimi, S. Bae, A. Shoda, S. Oshino, S. Ide, H. Zhang, Masaki Ando, K. Hasegawa, E. J. Son, J. Kume, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Jishnu Suresh, Yi Yang, Yoshio Arai, C. Chen, A. Ueda, T. Tomura, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, Sakae Araki, Osamu Miyakawa, K. Okutomi, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Tomotada Akutsu, Hideki Asada, R. Shimizu, L. C.-C. Lin, Naoki Aritomi, N. Kita, T. Tsang, Ryutaro Takahashi, Kuo-Chuan Pan, M. Chan, R. Negishi, Seog Oh, Takayuki Tomaru, Jung-Hoon Kim, Ettore Majorana, P. Jung, M. Fukunaga, G-Z. Huang, Yoshihiko Saito, Kunihiro Nagano, John J. Oh, G. Ge, C. Kozakai, Y. Fujikawa, Wei-Tou Ni, Kentaro Komori, Hideyuki Tagoshi, S. Nozaki, Norikatsu Mio, Kai-Feng Chen, S. Ha, T. Uehara, H. Yuzurihara, Masako Kakizaki, Kipp Cannon, L. W. Luo, Yuta Michimura, Rajesh Kumar, K. Kusayanagi, Ray-Kuang Lee, Hyang Woon Lee, Y. Miyazaki, Guo-Chin Liu, J. Z. Wang, Y-K. Chu, K. Yokogawa, Koji Arai, Masatake Ohashi, Naoko Ohishi, W-R. Xu, C. P. Ooi, F. Travasso, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Signal, law.invention, gravitational wave detectors, Optics, law, gravitational waves, vibration isolation, underground experiments, gravitational wave detectors, 0103 physical sciences, KAGRA, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, mirror, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Payload, business.industry, Detector, oscillation, optics, vibration isolation, Vibration isolation, underground experiments, gravitational waves, mechanical engineering, gravitational radiation detector: interferometer, business, Beam splitter, mechanics, performance
Abstract

KAGRA is an underground interferometric gravitational wave detector which is currently being commissioned. This detector relies on high-performance vibration-isolation systems to suspend its key optical components. These suspensions come in four different configurations, of which the type-B is used for the beam splitter and signal recycling mirrors. The type-B suspension comprises the payload, three geometric anti-spring filters for vertical isolation and one inverted pendulum for horizontal isolation. The payload comprises the optic, its marionette and their recoil masses, which hold local displacement sensors and coil magnet actuators used for damping the resonant modes of oscillation of the suspension itself. The beam splitter version has a modified lower section to accommodate a wider optical component. The payload is also equipped with an optical lever, used to monitor and control the position of the suspended optics from the ground. All four suspensions have now been installed in vacuum chambers. We describe the mechanical, electrical and control design, and the measured performance compared to requirements.

Published
2021

10. Overview of KAGRA: Detector design and construction history

Author

Yuta Michimura, Kyujin Kwak, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, Rajesh Kumar, K. Kusayanagi, G. Ge, R. Kozu, Soichiro Morisaki, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Kai-Feng Chen, M. A. Barton, H. Chu, Shuji Saito, N. Kita, T. Tsang, S. Oshino, C. Z. Huang, T. Ushiba, Luca Baiotti, Simon Zeidler, Yousuke Itoh, F. Travasso, C. C. Kuo, D. Tuyenbayev, Hirotaka Takahashi, Nami Uchikata, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, Kuo-Chuan Pan, M. Kamiizumi, A. Miyamoto, B. H. Hsieh, Toshio Suzuki, Hyun Lee, H. Yuzurihara, Ray-Kuang Lee, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Se-Hong Oh, J. Z. Wang, Y-K. Chu, K. Yokogawa, R. Negishi, Nobuyuki Kanda, T. Kawasaki, F. L. Lin, Shuen De Wu, Albert K. H. Kong, Yuhang Zhao, Yuki Inoue, S. Shibagaki, B. Ikenoue, Y. Tomigami, Hong Wu, Yutaro Enomoto, H. K. Tanaka, H-S. Kuo, Atsushi Nishizawa, Takahiro Tanaka, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, Hyang Woon Lee, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Ping Huang, T. Sekiguchi, L. Trozzo, Norichika Sago, S. Sato, Kentaro Somiya, A. Hagiwara, Shinji Miyoki, Y. Sakuno, C-Y. Lin, Y. Miyazaki, K. Hasegawa, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, N. Hirata, Yi Chen, Koji Arai, Masaki Ando, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, M. Leonardi, R. Bajpai, Y. Hiranuma, Hideyuki Tagoshi, R. Sugimoto, Kipp Cannon, G. Ueshima, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Y. Saito, S. Takano, S. Bae, R. Shimizu, M. Marchio, T. Shishido, Zong-Hong Zhu, L. C.-C. Lin, M. Chan, Yoichi Aso, L. W. Luo, Haruki Kitazawa, J. Park, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Y. Sakai, R. Nakashima, Satoshi Tsuchida, C. Chen, Takashi Sato, P. Jung, S. Eguchi, E. Capocasa, Yasufumi Kojima, Hiroyuki Nakano, T. Yoshioka, R. Flaminio, K. Sakai, T. Shimoda, E. J. Son, J. Kume, M. Fukunaga, K. Izumi, Hajime Sotani, Chunglee Kim, A. Shoda, K. Okutomi, Tomotada Akutsu, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Akito Araya, T. Kajita, G. Kang, W. Ogaki, Masatake Ohashi, Z. Hong, Fumihiro Uraguchi, Kunihiro Nagano, O. Miyakawa, Kazuhiro Hayama, Tatsuhiro Yamada, Sadakazu Haino, C. Wu, M. H. P. M. van Putten, K. Ueno, S. Imam, Takayuki Tomaru, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, Naoko Ohishi, Y. M. Kim, Jinsook Kim, John J. Oh, Kentaro Komori, A. Ueda, Sakae Araki, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, T. Narikawa, E. N. Tapia San Martin, Kohei Inayoshi, M. Takeda, Keiko Kokeyama, Masashi Ohkawa, T. Yokozawa, N. Kawai, C. Kozakai, W-R. Xu, Yasunori Fujii, Y. Moriwaki, K. Shimode, C. P. Ooi, K. Yamamoto, Y. Huang, Y. Bae, Kyohei Kawaguchi, Shigeo Nagano, Kei Kotake, Wei-Tou Ni, Akiteru Takamori, H. Vocca, Norikatsu Mio, Yoshio Arai, T. Uehara, Naoki Aritomi, Ryutaro Takahashi, Guo-Chin Liu, T. Tomura, F. E. Peña Arellano, H. Pang, M. Nakano, T. Yamamoto, Hideaki Hayakawa, Kimio Tsubono, Hiroki Takeda, Souichi Telada, T. Sawada, W. S. Kim, Nobutada Kimura, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and KAGRA

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, activity report, detector: design, laser: interferometer, noise: thermal, KAGRA, gravitational radiation detector, background, cryogenics, history, mirror, fabrication, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Cryogenics, fabrication, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, noise: thermal, KAGRA, laser: interferometer, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, mirror, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), activity report, detector: design, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, background, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), gravitational radiation detector, Interferometry, cryogenics, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], history, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

KAGRA is a newly built gravitational-wave telescope, a laser interferometer comprising arms with a length of 3\,km, located in Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. KAGRA was constructed under the ground and it is operated using cryogenic mirrors that help in reducing the seismic and thermal noise. Both technologies are expected to provide directions for the future of gravitational-wave telescopes. In 2019, KAGRA finished all installations with the designed configuration, which we call the baseline KAGRA. In this occasion, we present an overview of the baseline KAGRA from various viewpoints in a series of of articles. In this article, we introduce the design configurations of KAGRA with its historical background., 33 pages, 10 figures

Published
2020

11. Frequency-Dependent Squeezed Vacuum Source for Broadband Quantum Noise Reduction in Advanced Gravitational-Wave Detectors

Author

Yuefan Guo, M. Leonardi, Akihiro Tomura, Ayaka Shoda, Yoichi Aso, E. Capocasa, Ray-Kuang Lee, M. Barsuglia, M. Tacca, Koji Arai, P. Prat, M. Eisenmann, Chien-Ming Wu, H. Vahlbruch, R. Flaminio, Yao-Chin Huang, Naoki Aritomi, Ryutaro Takahashi, Yuhang Zhao, M. Vardaro, Harald Lück, Osamu Miyakawa, Eleonora Polini, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Physics, Uncertainty principle, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Quantum noise, Detector, Shot noise, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Gravitation and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, KAGRA, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Quantum fluctuation
Abstract

International audience; The astrophysical reach of current and future ground-based gravitational-wave detectors is mostly limited by quantum noise, induced by vacuum fluctuations entering the detector output port. The replacement of this ordinary vacuum field with a squeezed vacuum field has proven to be an effective strategy to mitigate such quantum noise and it is currently used in advanced detectors. However, current squeezing cannot improve the noise across the whole spectrum because of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle: when shot noise at high frequencies is reduced, radiation pressure at low frequencies is increased. A broadband quantum noise reduction is possible by using a more complex squeezing source, obtained by reflecting the squeezed vacuum off a Fabry-Perot cavity, known as filter cavity. Here we report the first demonstration of a frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum source able to reduce quantum noise of advanced gravitational-wave detectors in their whole observation bandwidth. The experiment uses a suspended 300-m-long filter cavity, similar to the one planned for KAGRA, Advanced Virgo, and Advanced LIGO, and capable of inducing a rotation of the squeezing ellipse below 100 Hz.

Published
2020

12. An arm length stabilization system for KAGRA and future gravitational-wave detectors

Author

Norikatsu Mio, M. A. Barton, Masashi Ohkawa, Kai-Feng Chen, Soichiro Morisaki, K. Doi, D. Tuyenbayev, Wei-Tou Ni, Hong Wu, Kazuhiro Hayama, Jong-Dae Park, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Y. Hiranuma, N. Kimura, Zhaohuan Zhu, S. Miyoki, Chau Ron Wu, Se-Hong Oh, M. Marchio, M. Kamiizumi, M. Chan, B. H. Hsieh, Atsushi Nishizawa, Ryoji Takahashi, Yoichi Aso, C. Y. Lin, G. Ueshima, L. C.C. Lin, Koji Nagano, Takahiro Yamada, Takaaki Kajita, Yuki Inoue, Shuen De Wu, Kipp Cannon, Kentaro Komori, H. K. Lee, M. Ohashi, T. Shimoda, H Hayakawa, K. Izumi, Y. Tomigami, P. Jung, M. Fukunaga, Y. Huang, R. Shimizu, H. Chu, Y. M. Kim, T. Uehara, G-Z. Huang, A. Hagiwara, Hiroyuki Nakano, Y. Moriwaki, R. Bajpai, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, G. Ge, Takahiro Tanaka, Takaaki Yokozawa, Kei Kotake, Yoshiaki Himemoto, Keiko Kokeyama, F. E. Peña Arellano, Tetsuro Shishido, H. Pang, Y. Sakuno, M. Takeda, N. Kita, R. Nakashima, Yasufumi Kojima, Y. Sakai, Satoshi Tsuchida, Hideyuki Tagoshi, Y. Saito, Takayuki Tomaru, T. Tsang, Kentaro Somiya, Yoshio Arai, K. Sakai, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Jianfang Wang, J. Kume, Hajime Sotani, Chunglee Kim, M. Nakano, L. W. Luo, Feng Li Lin, Yongheng Zhao, H. Vocca, Bungo Ikenoue, T. Yoshioka, Takahiro Yamamoto, Kuo-Chuan Pan, Hirotaka Takahashi, R. Flaminio, Nami Uchikata, R. Negishi, S. Oshino, S. Takano, K. Shimode, Masaki Ando, Tomotada Akutsu, T. Sekiguchi, C. Chen, Noriaki Ohmae, S. Sato, L. Baiotti, E. N. Tapia San Martin, E. Hirose, Tatsuya Narikawa, Akito Araya, K. Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Kanda, Sadakazu Haino, T. Ushiba, Y. Bae, K. Ueno, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, D. Tatsumi, S. Kanbara, Ping Huang, S. Eguchi, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, Innocenzo M. Pinto, R. Kozu, Kyohei Kawaguchi, J. J. Oh, E. J. Son, L. Trozzo, Shuji Saito, Naoki Aritomi, Kenta Tanaka, Yi Chen, Akiteru Takamori, Kouji Nakamura, W. Ogaki, Naru Hirata, Chihiro Kozakai, H. Yuzurihara, T. Sato, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Z. Hong, Ayaka Shoda, T. Tomura, K. Tsubono, G. Kang, S. Bae, K. Miyo, H. Tanaka, Albert K. H. Kong, Yoshinori Fujii, Yutaro Enomoto, Ray-Kuang Lee, K. Kwak, Hyang Woon Lee, Simon Zeidler, F. Uraguchi, Yousuke Itoh, Yuta Michimura, A. Miyamoto, Rajesh Kumar, K. Kusayanagi, C. Ooi, Y. Obuchi, Y. Miyazaki, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Nobuyuki Kawai, M. Leonardi, Guo-Chin Liu, R. Sugimoto, Hiroki Takeda, Haruki Kitazawa, Souichi Telada, T. Sawada, W. S. Kim, W-R. Xu, K. Hasegawa, H-S. Kuo, Naoko Ohishi, S. Shibagaki, Mitsuru Musha, Y-K. Chu, K. Yokogawa, Shigeo Nagano, Chin Guo Kuo, Koji Arai, Ken-ichi Oohara, A. Ueda, Sakae Araki, Osamu Miyakawa, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, Takamasa Suzuki, E. Capocasa, Koki Okutomi, S. Imam, Jinsook Kim, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, Kohei Inayoshi, N. Sago, T. Kawasaki, F. Travasso, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KAGRA, and Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Optical fiber, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, fibre: optical, Physics::Optics, cavity: optical, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, gravitational-wave detector, law, noise: spectrum, Astronomical interferometer, 95.75.Kk, Multi-colour, Physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 07.60.Ly, Interferometry, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], noise: suppression, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, performance, interferometer, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Noise (electronics), Laser linewidth, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, KAGRA, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, numerical calculations, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gravitational wave, stability, 04.80.Nn, optics, gravitational radiation detector, laser, interferometer: design, Physics::Accelerator Physics, 95.55.Ym, business, Gravitational-wave detector, Interferometer
Abstract

Modern ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors require a complex interferometer configuration with multiple coupled optical cavities. Since achieving the resonances of the arm cavities is the most challenging among the lock acquisition processes, the scheme called arm length stabilization (ALS) had been employed for lock acquisition of the arm cavities. We designed a new type of the ALS, which is compatible with the interferometers having long arms like the next generation GW detectors. The features of the new ALS are that the control configuration is simpler than those of previous ones and that it is not necessary to lay optical fibers for the ALS along the kilometer-long arms of the detector. Along with simulations of its noise performance, an experimental test of the new ALS was performed utilizing a single arm cavity of KAGRA. This paper presents the first results of the test where we demonstrated that lock acquisition of the arm cavity was achieved using the new ALS and residual noise was measured to be $8.2\,\mathrm{Hz}$ in units of frequency, which is smaller than the linewidth of the arm cavity and thus low enough to lock the full interferometer of KAGRA in a repeatable and reliable manner., Comment: 21 pages, 8figures

Published
2020

13. The optical loss study of molecular layer for a cryogenic interferometric gravitational-wave detector

Author

Yoichi Aso, S. Tanioka, and K. Hasegawa

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Vacuum chamber, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, 010306 general physics, business, Layer (electronics)
Abstract

The detection of gravitational waves provides us with a deep insight into the Universe. In order to increase the number of detectable gravitational-wave sources, several future gravitational-wave detectors will operate with cryogenic mirrors. Recent studies, however, showed that residual gas molecules inside the vacuum chamber adhere to the cryogenic mirror surface and form a molecular layer which grows with time. This growing molecular layer introduces an additional optical loss in the mirror which can decrease the detector's performance. We theoretically estimate the optical loss by the molecular layer in a cryogenically operated gravitational-wave detector. The impact on a cryogenic gravitational-wave detector is discussed based on the results of the optical loss estimation.

Published
2020
Full Text
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14. KAGRA: 2.5 generation interferometric gravitational wave detector

Author

Hirotaka Takahashi, H. Tahara, T. Miyamoto, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Y. Saito, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Y. Liu, Albert K. H. Kong, Yoshinori Fujii, G. Kang, Innocenzo M. Pinto, E. J. Son, Sakae Araki, Osamu Miyakawa, Hyun Lee, K. Hasegawa, B. Ikenoue, H-S. Kuo, B. H. Hsieh, Ken Ono, F. L. Lin, C. Z. Huang, Xu W. R., Takaaki Kajita, Yuki Inoue, Akiteru Takamori, Motoyuki Saijo, F. Matsushima, T. Yoshioka, Ken-ichi Nakao, Ni W. T., Kentaro Komori, M. A. Barton, T. Ushiba, R. Flaminio, Simon Zeidler, Luca Baiotti, F. Uraguchi, Y. Sakai, Ettore Majorana, K. Awai, Kieran Craig, K. Yamamoto, Daisuke Tatsumi, Atsushi Nishizawa, Yousuke Itoh, Oh S. H., K. Sakai, S. Kanbara, Kipp Cannon, R. Kozu, Jong-Dae Park, Mitsuru Musha, M. Fukunaga, S. Sato, Masashi Ohkawa, J. Kasuya, N. Uchikata, T. Matsui, Shinya Kanemura, Kyung-Suk Cho, Yutaro Enomoto, S. Wada, Hiroyuki Nakano, Y. Watanabe, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Yuta Michimura, S. Yamamoto, Katsuya Hashino, S. Ueki, Tomoya Kinugawa, J. Kim, A. Miyamoto, W. Morii, Y. Kataoka, Masatake Ohashi, Akito Araya, T. Furuhata, Tai Hyun Yoon, S. Kirii, T. Kaji, Satoshi Tsuchida, Kentaro Somiya, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Naoki Seto, Nobutada Kimura, T. Kawasaki, Shinji Miyoki, Y. Sasaki, Naoko Ohishi, A. Suemasa, Takahiro Yamamoto, F. E. P. Arellano, T. Tomura, Nobuyuki Kanda, H. K. Tanaka, Masaki Ando, Shigeki Hirobayashi, S. Bae, M. Marchio, T. Ochi, T. Shimoda, M. Sasai, A. Yamamoto, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, H. Yuzurihara, Young-Min Kim, Yoichi Aso, Norichika Sago, Oh J. J., Y. K. Chu, M. H. P. M. van Putten, A. Shoda, Takashi Nakamura, Zong-Hong Zhu, C. Chen, Hideyuki Tagoshi, Y. Arai, T. Morozumi, Ting-Wai Chiu, Yasufumi Kojima, Rajesh Kumar, N. Sato, Chunglee Kim, Kimio Tsubono, Hyeseung Lee, C. P. Ooi, S. S. Pan, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, M. Kaneyama, M. Leonardi, Takayuki Tomaru, S. Saitou, Kazunari Eda, Takahiro Yamada, Koya Arai, Hiroki Takeda, T. Wakamatsu, Tomotada Akutsu, S. Tanioka, Kazuhiro Hayama, M. Nakano, Kohei Doi, Masako Kakizaki, Sadakazu Haino, K. Ueno, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, W. S. Kim, Norikatsu Mio, K. Izumi, Takamasa Suzuki, Seiji Kawamura, Haruki Kitazawa, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, L. Naticchioni, T. Shishido, Naoki Aritomi, K. Yokogawa, E. Capocasa, Enzo Nicolas Tapia San Martin, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, T. Uehara, T. Narikawa, Y. Moriwaki, Manami Sasaki, Ryutaro Takahashi, Keiko Kokeyama, Hyang Woon Lee, Koki Okutomi, Y. Obuchi, Jinsook Kim, T. Yokozawa, Y. Kitaoka, N. Kawai, Guo-Chin Liu, Takahiro Tanaka, W. Creus, Hideki Asada, Masaru Shibata, Shuhei Mano, Soichiro Morisaki, L. N. Quynh, S. Atsuta, C-Y. Lin, Takashi Sato, Koji Nagano, M. Kamiizumi, Shigeo Nagano, Kei Kotake, H. Vocca, F. Travasso, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KAGRA, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Akutsu, T., Ando, M., Arai, K., Arai, Y., Araki, S., Araya, A., Aritomi, N., Asada, H., Aso, Y., Atsuta, S., Awai, K., Bae, S., Baiotti, L., Barton, M. A., Cannon, K., Capocasa, E., Chen, C. -S., Chiu, T. -W., Cho, K., Chu, Y. -K., Craig, K., Creus, W., Doi, K., Eda, K., Enomoto, Y., Flaminio, R., Fujii, Y., Fujimoto, M. -K., Fukunaga, M., Fukushima, M., Furuhata, T., Haino, S., Hasegawa, K., Hashino, K., Hayama, K., Hirobayashi, S., Hirose, E., Hsieh, B. H., Huang, C. -Z., Ikenoue, B., Inoue, Y., Ioka, K., Itoh, Y., Izumi, K., Kaji, T., Kajita, T., Kakizaki, M., Kamiizumi, M., Kanbara, S., Kanda, N., Kanemura, S., Kaneyama, M., Kang, G., Kasuya, J., Kataoka, Y., Kawai, N., Kawamura, S., Kawasaki, T., Kim, C., Kim, J., Kim, J. C., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimura, N., Kinugawa, T., Kirii, S., Kitaoka, Y., Kitazawa, H., Kojima, Y., Kokeyama, K., Komori, K., Kong, A. K. H., Kotake, K., Kozu, R., Kumar, R., Kuo, H. -S., Kuroyanagi, S., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Leonardi, M., Lin, C. -Y., Lin, F. -L., Liu, G. C., Liu, Y., Majorana, E., Mano, S., Marchio, M., Matsui, T., Matsushima, F., Michimura, Y., Mio, N., Miyakawa, O., Miyamoto, A., Miyamoto, T., Miyo, K., Miyoki, S., Morii, W., Morisaki, S., Moriwaki, Y., Morozumi, T., Musha, M., Nagano, K., Nagano, S., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, T., Nakano, H., Nakano, M., Nakao, K., Narikawa, T., Naticchioni, L., Quynh, L. N., Ni, W. -T., Nishizawa, A., Obuchi, Y., Ochi, T., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohashi, M., Ohishi, N., Ohkawa, M., Okutomi, K., Ono, K., Oohara, K., Ooi, C. P., Pan, S. -S., Park, J., Arellano, F. E. P., Pinto, I., Sago, N., Saijo, M., Saitou, S., Saito, Y., Sakai, K., Sakai, Y., Sasai, M., Sasaki, M., Sasaki, Y., Sato, S., Sato, N., Sato, T., Sekiguchi, Y., Seto, N., Shibata, M., Shimoda, T., Shinkai, H., Shishido, T., Shoda, A., Somiya, K., Son, E. J., Suemasa, A., Suzuki, T., Tagoshi, H., Tahara, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takeda, H., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, T., Tanioka, S., Martin, E. N. T. S., Tatsumi, D., Tomaru, T., Tomura, T., Travasso, F., Tsubono, K., Tsuchida, S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Uehara, T., Ueki, S., Ueno, K., Uraguchi, F., Ushiba, T., van Putten, M. H. P. M., Vocca, H., Wada, S., Wakamatsu, T., Watanabe, Y., Xu, W. -R., Yamada, T., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, S., Yamamoto, T., Yokogawa, K., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoon, T. H., Yoshioka, T., Yuzurihara, H., Zeidler, S., and Zhu, Z. -H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, detector: cryogenics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), detector: network, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Laser interferometry, Einstein Telescope, temperature: low, 0103 physical sciences, LCGT, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, KAGRA, laser: interferometer, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], LIGO, mirror, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, detector: design, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Gravitational wave, Detector, gravitational radiation, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gravitational Wave Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), trigger, gravitational radiation detector, detector: sensitivity, VIRGO, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

著者人数: KAGRA collaboration 198名 (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 和泉, 究), Number of authors: KAGRA collaboration 198 (Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS): Izumi, Kiwamu), Accepted: 2018-11-19, 資料番号: SA1180423000

Published
2019

15. First cryogenic test operation of underground km-scale gravitational-wave observatory KAGRA

Author

K. Yamamoto, Albert K. H. Kong, Yoshinori Fujii, S. Wada, Ken Ono, S. Tanioka, Kohei Doi, T. Miyamoto, Takamasa Suzuki, Naoki Seto, Nobutada Kimura, C. Chen, Hideyuki Tagoshi, Hyeseung Lee, Zong-Hong Zhu, Takahiro Yamada, Akito Araya, Soichiro Morisaki, Yuta Michimura, A. Miyamoto, E. N. Tapia San Martin, E. Capocasa, Norikatsu Mio, Tomoya Kinugawa, Rajesh Kumar, Daisuke Tatsumi, T. Matsui, N. Kawai, I. Murakami, B. H. Hsieh, Koki Okutomi, W. Creus, Takaaki Kajita, Yuki Inoue, S. Yamamoto, Katsuya Hashino, S. Atsuta, Shigeki Hirobayashi, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Y. M. Kim, Jinsook Kim, Hideki Asada, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, Y. Sakai, Atsushi Nishizawa, J. Kasuya, T. Yokozawa, Y. Moriwaki, Masaru Shibata, Kyung-Suk Cho, T. Kaji, Seiji Kawamura, S. Sato, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, T. Furuhata, Yoshikazu Namai, K. Yokogawa, H. Yuzurihara, Shinji Miyoki, Y. Sasaki, Shigeo Nagano, K. Sakai, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, A. Hagiwara, C-Y. Lin, Takashi Uchiyama, Kei Kotake, Hyang Woon Lee, T. Yoshioka, Kunihito Ioka, Ken-ichi Nakao, R. Flaminio, T. Morozumi, Takayuki Tomaru, M. Kaneyama, Seog Oh, Kimio Tsubono, Koya Arai, Hiroki Takeda, Motoyuki Saijo, Hiroyuki Nakano, Y. K. Chu, T. Kawasaki, Naoki Aritomi, Satoshi Tsuchida, S. Bae, Jong-Dae Park, W-R. Xu, C. Z. Huang, T. Ushiba, Y. Kitaoka, F. E. Peña Arellano, Guo-Chin Liu, W. S. Kim, H. Vocca, Kieran Craig, T. Wakamatsu, Y. Liu, Tomotada Akutsu, T. Shimoda, C. P. Ooi, Takashi Sato, S. Kanbara, Simon Zeidler, Luca Baiotti, Yousuke Itoh, Ryutaro Takahashi, Y. Watanabe, Ting-Wai Chiu, S. Saitou, Koji Nagano, M. Kamiizumi, M. Nakano, A. Shoda, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, S. Ueki, Masashi Ohkawa, M. A. Barton, Akiteru Takamori, N. Sato, Masako Kakizaki, F. Matsushima, Hisa-aki Shinkai, T. Narikawa, Manami Sasaki, M. Marchio, T. Ochi, L. Nguyen Quynh, Kipp Cannon, J. Kim, G. Kang, Yoichi Aso, L. Naticchioni, T. Shishido, Shinya Kanemura, Keiko Kokeyama, Yutaro Enomoto, Masatake Ohashi, Takashi Nakamura, A. Suemasa, H. Tahara, Shuhei Mano, S. S. Pan, A. Ueda, Sakae Araki, Naoko Ohishi, Osamu Miyakawa, K. Izumi, M. Sasai, Y. Kataoka, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Takahiro Tanaka, F. Travasso, Y. Saito, Hirotaka Takahashi, Hyun Lee, Y. Arai, K. Hasegawa, B. Ikenoue, H-S. Kuo, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, F. L. Lin, Innocenzo M. Pinto, E. J. Son, Shinichi Terashima, N. Uchikata, T. Uehara, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Kentaro Komori, Yasufumi Kojima, Chunglee Kim, Fumihiro Uraguchi, Sadakazu Haino, K. Ueno, R. Kozu, Norichika Sago, K. Awai, W. Morii, S. Kirii, Kentaro Somiya, T. Tomura, Masaki Ando, Kazunari Eda, Kazuhiro Hayama, Mitsuru Musha, Takahiro Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Kanda, H. K. Tanaka, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, M. Leonardi, Haruki Kitazawa, Ettore Majorana, M. Fukunaga, John J. Oh, Tai Hyun Yoon, Wei-Tou Ni, A. Yamamoto, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KAGRA, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, sapphire, Physics::Optics, Cryogenics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, cryogenic laser interferometer, Observatory, law, underground, gravitational waves, mirror, Physics, Detector, Mathematics::History and Overview, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, detector: stability, alignment, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), observatory, Interferometry, cryogenics, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Optics, 0103 physical sciences, noise: thermal, surface, KAGRA, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, gravitational radiation, Michelson interferometer, temperature, frequency: low, gravitational radiation detector: interferometer, business
Abstract

著者人数: KAGRA Collaboration 203名 (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 和泉, 究), Number of authors: KAGRA collaboration 203 (Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS): Izumi, Kiwamu), Accepted: 2019-06-11, 資料番号: SA1190107000

Published
2019

16. Buffer’s ionic strength on the chaperone-like activity (CLA) of silkworm small heat shock protein: sHSP19.9 and sHSP20.8

Author

Yoichi Aso and M Tofazzal Hossain

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Biochemistry, biology, Ionic strength, Chemistry, Heat shock protein, Chaperone (protein), biology.protein, Protein aggregation, Buffer (optical fiber)
Abstract

Small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs), an abundant and ubiquitous family of molecular chaperones, can effectively prevent irreversible aggregation of non-native proteins by forming soluble complex. The CLA of sHSPs is usually determined by the capacity to suppress thermally or chemically induced protein aggregation. Various factors can effectively influence the CLA, and among them the ionic strength of the preparation and working buffer is an important factor. The study deals with the effect of ionic strength of buffer on the CLA of two silkworm sHSPs: namely sHSP19.9 and sHSP20.8 against the thermally-induced aggregation of BLC, a non-native protein. The study clearly revealed that sHSP19.9 required high ionic strength (more NaCl concentration) in reaction buffer to prevent irreversible aggregation of BLC. On the other hand, such high ionic strength condition is not necessary for sHSP20.8 but it influences the activity in some context.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 241-249, December 2014

Published
2016

17. Compact integrated optical sensors and electromagnetic actuators for vibration isolation systems in the gravitational-wave detector KAGRA

Author

Yoshinori Fujii, T. Shimoda, S. Takano, Koki Okutomi, M. Kamiizumi, Ayaka Shoda, Yuta Michimura, Enzo Nicolas Tapia San Martin, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, Naoki Aritomi, R. Kozu, Kentaro Komori, Fabián Erasmo Peña Arellano, Bungo Ikenoue, Osamu Miyakawa, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Yoichi Aso, M. A. Barton, Tomotada Akutsu, Ryutaro Takahashi, and Hiroki Takeda

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, Acoustics, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Interferometry, Vibration isolation, Interference (communication), 0103 physical sciences, KAGRA, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Actuator, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation
Abstract

This paper reports on the design and characteristics of a compact module integrating an optical displacement sensor and an electromagnetic actuator for use with vibration-isolation systems installed in KAGRA, the 3-km baseline gravitational-wave detector in Japan. In technical concept, the module belongs to a family tree of similar modules called OSEMs, used in other interferometric gravitational-wave detector projects. After the initial test run of KAGRA in 2016, the sensor part, which is a type of slot sensor, was modified by increasing the spacing of the slot from 5 mm to 15 mm to avoid the risk of mechanical interference with the sensor flag. We confirm the sensor performance is comparable to that of the previous design despite the modification. We also confirm the sensor noise is consistent with the theoretical noise budget. The noise level is 0.5 nm/rtHz at 1 Hz and 0.1 nm/rtHz at 10 Hz, and the linear range of the sensor is 0.7 mm or more. We measured the response of the actuator to be 1 N/A, and also measured the resistances and inductances of coils of the actuators to confirm consistency with theory. Coupling coefficients among the different degrees of freedom were also measured and shown to be negligible, varying little between designs. A potential concern about thermal noise contribution due to eddy current loss is discussed. As of 2020, 42 of the modules are in operation at the site., Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures

Published
2020

18. Measurement of optical losses in a high-finesse 300 m filter cavity for broadband quantum noise reduction in gravitational-wave detectors

Author

R. Flaminio, Daisuke Tatsumi, M. Marchio, M. Tacca, M. Barsuglia, Roman Schnabel, E. Capocasa, L. Pinard, P. Prat, Yoichi Aso, M. Eisenmann, Koji Arai, Yuhang Zhao, M. Leonardi, Akihiro Tomura, Yuefan Guo, Ryutaro Takahashi, Kentaro Somiya, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
radiation: pressure, interferometer, energy loss, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, cavity: optical, vacuum state: squeezed state, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), resonance: cavity, 01 natural sciences, rotation, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Finesse, Optics, Fourier transformation, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, numerical calculations, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), noise: quantum, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Quantum noise, Resonance, mirror: surface, alignment, gravitational radiation detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], Interferometry, Filter (video), Reflection (physics), [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Noise (radio), performance, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract

International audience; Earth-based gravitational-wave detectors will be limited by quantum noise in a large part of their spectrum. The most promising technique to achieve a broadband reduction of such noise is the injection of a frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum state from the output port of the detector, with the squeeze angle rotated by the reflection off a Fabry-Perot filter cavity. One of the most important parameters limiting the squeezing performance is represented by the optical losses of the filter cavity. We report here the operation of a 300 m filter cavity prototype installed at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. The cavity is designed to obtain a rotation of the squeeze angle below 100 Hz. After achieving the resonance of the cavity with a multiwavelength technique, the round trip losses have been measured to be between 50 and 90 ppm. This result demonstrates that with realistic assumptions on the input squeeze factor and the other optical losses, a quantum noise reduction of at least 4 dB in the frequency region dominated by radiation pressure can be achieved.

Published
2018

19. Demonstration of displacement sensing of a mg-scale pendulum for mm- and mg- scale gravity measurements

Author

N. Abe, Nobuyuki Matsumoto, Seiya Suzuki, Kentaro Komori, Yoichi Aso, M. Sugawara, Keiichi Edamatsu, Seth B. Cataño-Lopez, and Yuta Michimura

Subjects
Time delay and integration, Physics, Coupling, Quantum Physics, Pendulum, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Mechanics, Dissipation, 01 natural sciences, Displacement (vector), Gravitation, Position (vector), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Brownian motion
Abstract

Gravity generated by large masses has been observed using a variety of probes from atomic interferometers to torsional balances. However, gravitational coupling between small masses has never been observed so far. Here, we demonstrate sensitive displacement sensing of the Brownian motion of an optically trapped 7-mg pendulum motion whose natural quality factor is increased to $10^8$ through dissipation dilution. The sensitivity for an integration time of one second corresponds to the displacement generated by the gravitational coupling between the probe and a mm separated 100 mg mass, whose position is modulated at the pendulum mechanical resonant frequency. Development of such a sensitive displacement sensor using a mg-scale device will pave the way for a new class of experiments where gravitational coupling between small masses in quantum regimes can be achieved., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures

Published
2018
Full Text
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20. Construction of KAGRA: an underground gravitational-wave observatory

Author

S. Ota, M. Marchio, T. Furuhata, Yoichi Aso, J. Park, Shinji Miyoki, Y. Sasaki, Masashi Ohkawa, T. Kagawa, D. Jia, Kieran Craig, Y. Sugimoto, T. Uehara, Takaaki Yokozawa, M. Asano, Y. Liu, Akito Araya, Koki Okutomi, K. Kawaguchi, S. Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki Kanda, T. Miyamoto, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Takahiro Tanaka, H. K. Tanaka, Y. Saito, E. J. Son, Jinsook Kim, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Hirotaka Takahashi, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, K. Awai, K. Miyake, Sho Fujibayashi, N. Uchikata, Akiteru Takamori, T. Miener, Kentaro Komori, F. Matsushima, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Y. Kitaoka, Satoshi Tsuchida, M. Morioka, T. Wakamatsu, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Tomotada Akutsu, Nobuyuki Matsumoto, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, N. Mio, Eric Hennes, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, Takashi Uchiyama, K. Shiga, A. Hagiwara, T. Ushiba, Tatsuya Kume, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Tomasz Starecki, Yoshinori Fujii, Y. Tachibana, C-Y. Lin, Kunihito Ioka, S. Harita, A. Shoda, Ken-ichi Nakao, R. Flaminio, Norichika Sago, H. Suwabe, Masatake Ohashi, Masako Kakizaki, J. Kato, Motoyuki Saijo, Simon Zeidler, T. Matsui, Yousuke Itoh, H. Kakuhata, Suguru Takada, Ken Ono, T. Shimoda, Ryoji Takahashi, J. V. van Heijningen, Y. Sato, Ayaka Kumeta, Takaaki Kajita, Yuki Susa, Yutaka Shikano, S. Ueki, S. Kanbara, T. Saito, K. Hashino, S. Yamamoto, M. Murakoshi, Hiroyuki Nakano, Yuki Inoue, Shinya Kanemura, Hyang Woon Lee, Tatsuya Narikawa, M. A. Barton, M. Fujisawa, Sakae Araki, T. Utsuki, T. Hirayama, F. E. Peña Arellano, Keiko Kokeyama, J. F. J. van den Brand, Osamu Miyakawa, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, L. Zheng, Mitsuru Musha, T. Arima, Yuta Michimura, Toshikazu Suzuki, Alessandro Bertolini, T. Ogawa, Y. Ono, Hideharu Ishizaki, Seiji Kawamura, Y. Muraki, M. Toritani, T. Kaji, A. Yanagida, Hideyuki Tagoshi, K. Sakai, A. Miyamoto, R. Goetz, S. Sato, D. Chen, C. L. Mueller, Makoto Uyeshima, Rajesh Kumar, Y. Hayashida, N. Hirata, Koji Nagano, M. Kamiizumi, L. Baiotti, Hirotaka Yuzurihara, W. Morii, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, T. Yamamoto, T. Nonomura, Leo Tsukada, Hisa-aki Shinkai, M. Nakano, C. Tokoku, David B. Tanner, N. Arai, Daisuke Tatsumi, Yuya Kuwahara, K. Kobayashi, J. Kasuya, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, Kentaro Somiya, Soichiro Morisaki, Kyung-Suk Cho, Y. Zhao, N. Someya, A. Khalaidovski, K. Yano, K. Doi, Masaki Ando, Hironori Nakao, S. Atsuta, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, T. Narita, N. Ohishi, H. Tamura, Hyun Lee, Kyoko Okino, K. Hasegawa, B. Ikenoue, Kazunari Eda, Kazuhiro Hayama, Yasufumi Kojima, Masashi Hasegawa, Chunglee Kim, Fumihiro Uraguchi, Y. Sakakibara, Sadakazu Haino, K. Ueno, Ettore Majorana, John J. Oh, Koji Kubo, Kimio Tsubono, Nobuyuki Kawai, Hiroki Takeda, Souichi Telada, Tai Hyun Yoon, Y. Hashimoto, W. S. Kim, Wei-Tou Ni, S. Koike, T. Sekiguchi, Shuhei Mano, Y. Moriwaki, T. Sato, N. Kimura, Shigeo Nagano, Kei Kotake, Takayuki Tomaru, S. Saitou, Y. Oda, Takashi Nakamura, J. Guscott, Hideki Ishitsuka, Hideki Asada, Masaru Shibata, T. Yaginuma, Seog Oh, K. Hirai, S. Wada, M. H.P.M. Van Putten, M. Kaneyama, Yutaro Enomoto, Fumiko Kawazoe, J. Kim, Y. Akiyama, A. Suemasa, Y. Kataoka, Naoki Aritomi, Kazuaki Kuroda, R. DeSalvo, Noriaki Ohmae, (Astro)-Particles Physics, and KAGRA Collaboration

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Gravitational-wave observatory, Design, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Laser, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, gravitational-wave detector, 11. Sustainability, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, KAGRA, Interferometer, Kamioka, Aerospace engineering, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Vibration, Interferometry, seismic motion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

著者人数: 227名 (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 東谷, 千比呂), Number of authors: 227 (Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS): Tokoku, Chihiro), Accepted: 2017-11-21, 資料番号: SA1170370000

Published
2018

21. Mirror actuation design for the interferometer control of the KAGRA gravitational wave telescope

Author

Kentaro Komori, M. A. Barton, Fabián Erasmo Peña Arellano, Kazuhiro Hayama, Takaaki Yokozawa, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Yoshinori Fujii, Hiroki Tanaka, Yuta Michimura, Yoshio Saito, Ayaka Shoda, R. Flaminio, Tomotada Akutsu, T. Shimoda, Takaaki Kajita, Yuki Inoue, Kentaro Somiya, Takashi Uchiyama, Masaki Ando, Keiko Kokeyama, K. Shimode, Naoko Ohishi, Takayuki Tomaru, M. Nakano, Osamu Miyakawa, Hirotaka Yuzurihara, C. P. Ooi, Yutaro Enomoto, Koji Nagano, M. Kamiizumi, Seiji Kawamura, Ryutaro Takahashi, Hiroki Takeda, Rahul Kumar, T. Ushiba, Yoichi Aso, T. Miyamoto, Koki Okutomi, and Eiichi Hirose

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Degrees of freedom (mechanics), 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomical interferometer, KAGRA, 010306 general physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Interferometry, Vibration isolation, business, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract

KAGRA is a 3-km cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave telescope located at an underground site in Japan. In order to achieve its target sensitivity, the relative positions of the mirrors of the interferometer must be finely adjusted with attached actuators. We have developed a model to simulate the length control loops of the KAGRA interferometer with realistic suspension responses and various noises for mirror actuation. Using our model, we have designed the actuation parameters to have sufficient force range to acquire lock as well as to control all the length degrees of freedom without introducing excess noise., 21 pages, 7 figures (typo in p.12 on magnetic field gradient fixed for v3)

Published
2017

22. Calculation method for light scattering caused by multilayer coated mirrors in gravitational wave detectors

Author

Tomotada Akutsu, Simon Zeidler, R. Flaminio, Yasuo Torii, Yoichi Aso, and Eiichi Hirose

Subjects
Physics, Gravitational wave, Scattering, Stray light, business.industry, Detector, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Light scattering, 010309 optics, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Scattering theory, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, KAGRA, 010306 general physics, business
Abstract

Scattered light in inteferometric gravitational wave detectors needs to be reduced so that it will not harm the actual signals coming from a gravitational wave. In this paper, we report on the application of the theory of light scattering from mirrors in interferometric detectors having multilayer coatings on their surfaces and compared the results with single-surface scattering theories, which are traditionally used in the field of gravitational wave detectors. For the first time in this field, we have calculated the scattering distributions of the power-recycling, the signal-recycling, and the beam-splitter mirrors in KAGRA (a cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector currently under construction in the Kamioka mine in Japan) by using models of their multilayer coatings. Furthermore, we have performed simulations to show the differences between multilayer scattering and single-surface scattering models in the back-scattering of mechanical structures close to the mirrors and the impact on the sensitivity of the KAGRA detector. We show that the back-scattering by using those coatings can be larger by up to almost two orders of magnitude and they also give rise to additional scattering features that should be taken into account for all optical applications in gravitational wave detectors.

Published
2017

23. The status of DECIGO

Author

Yaka Wakabayashi, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Takashi Hiramatsu, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, Yasufumi Kojima, Hiroyuki Tashiro, Hajime Sotani, Shiho Kobayashi, Takeshi Chiba, Kazuaki Kuroda, Koji Ishidoshiro, Tatsuaki Hashimoto, Morio Toyoshima, Kakeru Takahashi, Shigenori Moriwaki, Motoyuki Saijo, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, Hiroo Kunimori, Atsushi Taruya, Ken-ichi Nakao, Keiko Kokeyama, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Masashi Ohkawa, Shinji Miyoki, Ken-ichi Ueda, Takehiko Ishikawa, Shinichi Nakasuka, Motohiro Enoki, Yudai Suwa, Tomohiro Harada, Yoshinori Nakayama, Fuminobu Takahashi, Akito Araya, Hideyuki Horisawa, T. Morioka, Yoshiaki Himemoto, Ryuichi Fujita, Shinji Tsujikawa, Naoki Seto, Keiichi Maeda, Yoshihide Kozai, Nobuki Kawashima, Hideyuki Tagoshi, Takahiro Tanaka, Norichika Sago, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Isao Naito, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shuichi Sato, Masayoshi Utashima, Katsuhiko Ganzu, Kouji Onozato, Taiga Noumi, K. Tsubono, Hideki Asada, Norio Okada, Hiroyuki Koizumi, Shinji Mukohyama, Masatake Ohashi, Yasushi Mino, Taizoh Yoshino, Hitoshi Kuninaka, Kunihito Ioka, Feng-Lei Hong, E. Nishida, Masaru Shibata, Misao Sasaki, Kentaro Somiya, Hirotaka Takahashi, Keisuke Taniguchi, Fumiko Kawazoe, Yumiko Ejiri, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, S. Sakata, Ryutaro Takahashi, Hideki Ishihara, Kenji Numata, Masaki Ando, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Naoko Ohishi, Shijun Yoshida, Takeshi Ikegami, Keitaro Takahashi, Masa-aki Sakagami, Wataru Kokuyama, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Nobuyuki Kanda, Hiroyuki Nakano, Yoshito Niwa, Mutsuko Y. Morimoto, Kouji Nakamura, Toshifumi Futamase, Kazunori Kohri, Hisashi Hirabayashi, Shin-ichiro Sakai, Takashi Sato, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, Wataru Hikida, Yoichi Aso, Hideo Matsuhara, Yousuke Itoh, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Ryuichi Takahashi, Naoko Kishimoto, Koji Arai, Yoshiharu Eriguchi, Mitsuru Musha, Rieko Suzuki, Kiyotomo Ichiki, Naoshi Sugiyama, Seiji Kawamura, Kaiki Taro Inoue, Chul-Moon Yoo, Osamu Miyakawa, Tadashi Takano, Yasuo Torii, Koh Suke Aoyanagi, Takamori Akiteru, Ken-ichi Oohara, Hideharu Ishizaki, Kenta Kiuchi, Akitoshi Ueda, Shigeo Nagano, Kei Kotake, Takashi Nakamura, Masa Katsu Fujimoto, Hideaki Kudoh, K. Hayama, Mizuhiko Hosokawa, Hiroyuki Ito, Takeshi Takashima, Kazutaka Nishiyama, Toshiyuki Morisawa, Toshitaka Yamazaki, Ikkoh Funaki, and Kazuhiro Nakazawa

Subjects
Physics, History, Gravitational-wave observatory, Spacecraft, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Gravitational-wave astronomy, Computer Science Applications, Education, Orbit, Interferometry, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Astronomical interferometer, ddc:530, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, business, Heliocentric orbit
Abstract

DECIGO (DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory) is the planned Japanese space gravitational wave antenna, aiming to detect gravitational waves from astrophysically and cosmologically significant sources mainly between 0.1 Hz and 10 Hz and thus to open a new window for gravitational wave astronomy and for the universe. DECIGO will consists of three drag-free spacecraft arranged in an equilateral triangle with 1000 km arm lengths whose relative displacements are measured by a differential Fabry-Perot interferometer, and four units of triangular Fabry-Perot interferometers are arranged on heliocentric orbit around the sun. DECIGO is vary ambitious mission, we plan to launch DECIGO in era of 2030s after precursor satellite mission, B-DECIGO. B-DECIGO is essentially smaller version of DECIGO: B-DECIGO consists of three spacecraft arranged in an triangle with 100 km arm lengths orbiting 2000 km above the surface of the earth. It is hoped that the launch date will be late 2020s for the present..

Published
2017

24. Space gravitational-wave antennas DECIGO and B-DECIGO

Author

Masashi Ohkawa, Rina Gondo, Hideki Asada, Masaru Shibata, F. Kawazoe, Shinichi Nakasuka, Ken-ichi Nakao, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, Ryo Saito, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, Hirotaka Takahashi, Keisuke Taniguchi, Takehiko Ishikawa, Takeshi Chiba, Fuminobu Takahashi, Akito Araya, Naoki Seto, Naoko Kishimoto, Tatsuaki Hashimoto, Motohiro Enoki, Tomohiro Harada, Koh Suke Aoyanagi, Shinji Tsujikawa, Yasufumi Kojima, K. Okada, Takahiro Tanaka, Umpei Miyamoto, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Yoshito Niwa, Mutsuko Y. Morimoto, Yoshinori Nakayama, Shin-ichiro Sakai, Shijun Yoshida, Keiko Kokeyama, Hajime Sotani, Akitoshi Ueda, Shigeo Nagano, Masa-aki Sakagami, Hideyuki Horisawa, Yaka Wakabayashi, Wataru Kokuyama, Morio Toyoshima, Kei Kotake, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Takashi Nakamura, Norio Okada, Motoyuki Saijo, Hiroo Kunimori, Toshiyuki Morisawa, Takeshi Ikegami, Taizoh Yoshino, Hiroyuki Tashiro, Wataru Hikida, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Masa Katsu Fujimoto, Kimio Tsubono, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, Yoshihide Kozai, Hideyuki Tagoshi, Shinji Miyoki, Shuichi Sato, Shihori Sakata, Toshifumi Futamase, S. Eguchi, Nobuyuki Matsumoto, Keitaro Takahashi, Mizuhiko Hosokawa, Hideki Ishihara, Naoko Ohishi, Mitsuru Musha, Takashi Hiramatsu, Hiroyuki Ito, Rieko Suzuki, Hiroyuki Nakano, Kakeru Takahashi, Ikkoh Funaki, Yoichi Aso, Kazunori Shibata, Ayumi Shimo-oku, Yuta Michimura, Kiyotomo Ichiki, Takeshi Takashima, A. Shoda, Yasuo Torii, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Ken-ichi Oohara, Kaiki Taro Inoue, Yoshiharu Eriguchi, Kazunori Kohri, Shinya Kanemura, Misao Sasaki, Tomotada Akutsu, Tadashi Takano, Naoshi Sugiyama, Nobuki Kawashima, K. Izumi, Takashi Sato, Hiroyuki Koizumi, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Seiji Kawamura, Chul-Moon Yoo, Koji Arai, Osamu Miyakawa, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Takamori Akiteru, Koki Okutomi, Yudai Suwa, Kentaro Somiya, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Hisashi Hirabayashi, Hideo Matsuhara, Masayoshi Utashima, Kent Yagi, Masaki Ando, Ryuichi Takahashi, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, Toshitaka Yamazaki, Kazuhiro Hayama, Norichika Sago, Shinji Mukohyama, Yumiko Ejiri, Shiho Kobayashi, Shigenori Moriwaki, Ken-ichi Ueda, Yoshiaki Himemoto, Keiichi Maeda, Taiga Noumi, Hitoshi Kuninaka, Kunihito Ioka, Feng-Lei Hong, Kazuaki Kuroda, Naoki Aritomi, E. Nishida, Dan Chen, Ryutaro Takahashi, Atsushi Taruya, Isao Kawano, A. Suemasa, Ryuichi Fujita, Hideharu Ishizaki, Nobuyuki Kanda, Kenta Kiuchi, Kouji Nakamura, T. Ushiba, and Yousuke Itoh

Subjects
Inflation (cosmology), Physics, Spacecraft, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space (mathematics), Fabry–Perot Michelson interferometer, Interferometry, Gravitational-wave, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, Astronomical interferometer, inflation, multimessenger astronomy, business, Mathematical Physics, Slightly worse
Abstract

DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (DECIGO) is a future Japanese space gravitational-wave antenna. The most important objective of DECIGO, among various sciences to be aimed at, is to detect gravitational waves coming from the inflation of the universe. DECIGO consists of four clusters of spacecraft, and each cluster consists of three spacecraft with three Fabry–Perot Michelson interferometers. As a pathfinder mission of DECIGO, B-DECIGO will be launched, hopefully in the 2020s, to demonstrate technologies necessary for DECIGO as well as to lead to fruitful multimessenger astronomy. B-DECIGO is a small-scale or simpler version of DECIGO with the sensitivity slightly worse than that of DECIGO, yet good enough to provide frequent detection of gravitational waves., ファイル公開：2020/09/01

Published
2019

25. Measuring scattering light distributions on high-absorptive surfaces for stray-light reduction in gravitational-wave detectors

Author

Simon Zeidler, Yoichi Aso, Tomotada Akutsu, and Yasuo Torii

Subjects
Physics, Scattering, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Stray light, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Light scattering, 010309 optics, Interferometry, Wavelength, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomical interferometer, KAGRA, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

In order to establish scattering measurements in material investigations for gravitational-wave detectors, we have built-up devices for measuring the hemispherical scattering distribution of materials which are planned to be used in those detectors as suppressors of scattered light. The measurement benches we have built, a hemispherical goniometer and a direct back-scatterometer, have a maximum background noise of ∼10 −4sr −1 BRDF at 1.064 μm wavelength which is the wavelength of the laser-light for our large interferometer for detecting gravitational waves, KAGRA. With these instruments, we have characterized the surface scattering of, e.g., NiP platings, metals, and different carbonaceous coatings, which are supposed to minimize the amount of scattered light in interferometers. The three most important materials for KAGRA’s construction (SiC, “Solblack”, and “VantaBlack”) are presented in this paper. Furthermore, we will try to explain the scattering distributions with the generalized Harvey-Shack model (smooth-surface approximation) which is a common method for surface-scattering calculations. At the end, we give also some valuations about the vacuum compatibility of the materials, which is important for instruments like KAGRA that work under ultra-high vacuum conditions.

Published
2019

26. Compact integrated optical sensors and electromagnetic actuators for vibration isolation systems in the gravitational-wave detector KAGRA.

Author

Tomotada Akutsu, Erasmo Peña Arellano, Fabián, Ayaka Shoda, Yoshinori Fujii, Koki Okutomi, Barton, Mark Andrew, Ryutaro Takahashi, Kentaro Komori, Naoki Aritomi, Tomofumi Shimoda, Satoru Takano, Hiroki Takeda, Tapia San Martin, Enzo Nicolas, Ryohei Kozu, Bungo Ikenoue, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Yoichi Aso, Yuta Michimura, and Osamu Miyakawa

Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETIC actuators, OPTICAL sensors, VIBRATION isolation, GRAVITATIONAL waves, EDDY current losses, THERMAL noise, MEDICAL record databases
Abstract

This paper reports on the design and characteristics of a compact module integrating an optical displacement sensor and an electromagnetic actuator for use with vibration–isolation systems installed in KAGRA, the 3-km baseline gravitational-wave detector in Japan. In the technical concept, the module belongs to a family tree of similar modules used in other interferometric gravitational-wave detector projects. After the initial test run of KAGRA in 2016, the sensor part, which is a type of slot sensor, was modified by increasing the spacing of the slot from 5 mm to 15 mm to avoid the risk of mechanical interference with the sensor flag. We confirm that the sensor performance is comparable to that of the previous design despite the modification. We also confirm that the sensor noise is consistent with the theoretical noise budget. The noise level is 0.5 nm/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz and 0.1 nm/Hz1/2 at 10 Hz, and the linear range of the sensor is 0.7 mm or more. We measured the response of the actuator to be 1 N/A and also measured the resistances and inductances of coils of the actuators to confirm consistency with theory. Coupling coefficients among the different degrees of freedom were also measured and shown to be negligible, varying little between designs. A potential concern about thermal noise contribution due to eddy current loss is discussed. As of 2020, 42 of the modules are in operation at the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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27. Salt-Induced Changes in the Subunit Structure of theBacillus stearothermophilusLipoate Acetyltransferase

Author

Yutaka Banno, Kohji Yamamoto, Satoshi Teshiba, Tetsuro Fujisawa, Yuichi Shigeoka, Hisayoshi Fukumori, and Yoichi Aso

Subjects
Stereochemistry, Protein subunit, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Plasma protein binding, Biology, Dihydrolipoyllysine-Residue Acetyltransferase, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Dissociation (chemistry), Analytical Chemistry, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, chemistry.chemical_compound, Protein structure, Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, Neutral ph, Molecular Biology, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protein Subunits, Monomer, chemistry, Salts, Peptides, Protein Binding, Biotechnology
Abstract

The Bacillus stearothermophilus lipoate acetyltransferase (E2), composed of sixty identical, subunits is the core component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). E2 polypeptide is composed of LD, PSBD, and CD domains. Most studies had focused on a truncated E2 that is deficient in LD and PSBD, because CD mainly contributes to maintaining the multimeric structure. We examined salt-induced changes in E2 without truncation and constructed reaction models. We speculate that in the presence of KCl, E2 is dissociated into a monomer and then assembled into an aggregative complex (C(A)) and a quasi-stable complex (C(Q)). C(A) was larger than C(Q), but smaller than intact E2. C(A) and C(Q), were dominant complexes at about neutral pH and at basic pH respectively. PDC, in which PSBD is occupied by other components, and a truncated E2 undergo dissociation only. LD-PSBD region besides CD might then contribute to the partial association of dissociated E2.

Published
2013

28. Catalytic function of an Epsilon-class glutathione S-transferase of the silkworm

Author

Kohji Yamamoto, Naotaka Yamada, and Yoichi Aso

Subjects
Alanine, GPX1, GPX3, biology, Glutathione reductase, Glutathione, Molecular biology, GPX6, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glutathione S-transferase, chemistry, Biochemistry, Insect Science, Genetics, biology.protein, Molecular Biology, Peroxidase
Abstract

The glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily is involved in the detoxification of various xenobiotics. A silkworm GST, belonging to a previously reported Epsilon-class GST family, was identified, named bmGSTE, cloned, and produced in Escherichia coli. Investigation of this enzyme's properties showed that it was able to catalyse glutathione (GSH) with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and ethacrynic acid, and also that it possessed GSH-dependent peroxidase activity. The enzyme's highly conserved amino acid residues, including Ser11, His53, Val55, Ser68 and Arg112, were of interest regarding their possible involvement in its catalytic activity. These residues were replaced with alanine by site-directed mutagenesis and subsequent kinetic analysis of bmGSTE mutants indicated that His53, Val55, and Ser68 were important for enzyme function.

Published
2013

29. Analysis of oligomeric transition of silkworm small heat shock protein sHSP20.8 using high hydrostatic pressure native PAGE

Author

Keiichi Kameyama, Toshifumi Ueda, Tetsuro Fujisawa, Yoichi Aso, and Ryo Ishiguro

Subjects
Transition (genetics), biology, Hydrostatic pressure, Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Condensed Matter Physics, biology.organism_classification, Oligomer, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallography, chemistry, Bombyx mori, Heat shock protein, Adenosine triphosphate, Ambient pressure
Abstract

The small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) solubilize thermo-denatured proteins without adenosine triphosphate energy consumption to facilitate protein refolding. sHSP20.8 is one of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) sHSPs having only one cystein in the N-terminal domain: Cys43. We report a simple measurement of oligomeric transition of sHSP20.8 using high hydrostatic pressure native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (high hydrostatic pressure (HP) native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)). At ambient pressure under oxydative condition, the native PAGE of thermal transition of sHSP20.8 oligomer displayed a cooperative association. In contrast, HP native PAGE clearly demonstrated that sHSP20.8 dissociated at 80 MPa and 25°C, and the resultant molecular species gradually reassociated with time under that condition. In addition, the reassociation process was suppressed in the presence of the reductant. These results are consistent with the idea that sHSP20.8 oligomer temporally dissociates at the first thermo-se...

Published
2013

30. Direct measurement of optical-trap-induced decoherence

Author

Yoichi Aso, Yuta Michimura, Kentaro Komori, Sosuke Ito, and Nobuyuki Matsumoto

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, Quantum decoherence, FOS: Physical sciences, Optical field, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Current limiting, Optical tweezers, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 010306 general physics, Quantum dissipation, Quantum, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics), Coherence (physics)
Abstract

Thermal decoherence is a major obstacle to the realization of quantum coherence for massive mechanical oscillators. Although optical trapping has been used to reduce the thermal decoherence rate for such oscillators, it also increases the rate by subjecting the oscillator to stochastic forces resulting from the frequency fluctuations of the optical field, thereby setting a fundamental limit on the reduction. This is analogous to the noise penalty in an active feedback system. Here, we directly measure the rethermalizaton process for an initially cooled and optically trapped suspended mirror, and identify the current limiting decoherence rate as due to the optical trap. Our experimental study of the trap-induced decoherence rate will enable future advances in the probing of fundamental quantum mechanics in the bad cavity regime, such as testing of deformed commutators., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures

Published
2016

31. Potassium Iodide-Induced Changes in Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex from Bacillus stearothermophilus

Author

Masatsune Ishiguro, Yoshikatsu Aikawa, Yasuaki Hiromasa, Yoichi Aso, and Kohji Meno

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide), hemic and immune systems, macromolecular substances, General Medicine, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, Biochemistry, Molecular biology, Analytical Chemistry, Enzyme, Acetyltransferase, Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, Molecular Biology, Pyruvate decarboxylase, Biotechnology
Abstract

Treatment with KI and its subsequent removal induced disassembly of Bacillus stearothermophilus pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and association of disassembly products, respectively. The disassembly yielded neither completely dissociated components nor aggregate, but did yield a few molecular forms smaller than PDC. Depending on the KI concentration, these changes were of three phases: K-1, below 0.6 M; K-2, 1.0-1.5 M; K-3, above 1.8 M. PDC was disassembled in K-1 to C1 comprising pyruvate decarboxylase and lipoate acetyltransferase mainly and C2 comprising the decarboxylase and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase. In K-1, the removal of KI resulted in an apparent reconstitution of PDC. The mixing of C1 with an excess of C2 yielded an assembly larger than PDC and restored enzyme activities, but specific activities were different from those of PDC. In K-2 and K-3 phases, complexes smaller than PDC were yielded from disassembly products, and activities except for that of the acetyltransferase were not restored.

Published
2016

32. Estimation of losses in a 300 m filter cavity and quantum noise reduction in the KAGRA gravitational-wave detector

Author

L. Pinard, E. Capocasa, Roman Schnabel, R. Flaminio, Jerome Degallaix, D. Tatsumi, M. Barsuglia, N. Straniero, Kentaro Somiya, Yoichi Aso, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Gravitational-wave observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Quantum noise, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, 01 natural sciences, Interferometry, Amplitude, Optics, Filter (video), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], KAGRA, Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

International audience; The sensitivity of the gravitational-wave detector KAGRA, presently under construction, will be limited by quantum noise in a large fraction of its spectrum. The most promising technique to increase the detector sensitivity is the injection of squeezed states of light, where the squeezing angle is dynamically rotated by a Fabry-Pérot filter cavity. One of the main issues in the filter cavity design and realization is the optical losses due to the mirror surface imperfections. In this work we present a study of the specifications for the mirrors to be used in a 300 m filter cavity for the KAGRA detector. A prototype of the cavity will be constructed at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, inside the infrastructure of the former TAMA interferometer. We also discuss the potential improvement of the KAGRA sensitivity, based on a model of various realistic sources of losses and their influence on the squeezing amplitude.

Published
2016

33. Ground Based Low-Frequency Gravitational-wave Detector With Multiple Outputs

Author

Yoichi Aso, Masaki Ando, Kazunari Eda, Ayaka Shoda, Kodai Tejima, Yousuke Itoh, and Yuya Kuwahara

Subjects
Physics, education.field_of_study, Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Rotation, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Radiation pattern, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Phase detector characteristic, Sensitivity (control systems), Antenna (radio), business, education, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

We have developed a new gravitaional-wave (GW) detector, TOrsion-Bar Antenna (TOBA), with multiple-output configuration. TOBA is a detector with bar-shaped test masses that rotate by the tidal force of the GWs. In our detector, three independent information about the GW signals can be derived by monitoring multiple rotational degrees of freedom, i.e., horizontal rotations and vertical rotations of the bars. Since the three outputs have different antenna pattern functions, the multi-output system improves the detection rate and the parameter estimation accuracy. It is effective in order to obtain further details of the GW sources, such as population and directions. We successfully operated the multi-output detector continuously for more than 24 hours with stable data quality. Also, the sensitivity of one of the signals is improved to be $1 \times 10^{-10}$ ${\rm Hz}^{-1/2}$ at 3 Hz by the combination of the passive and active vibration isolation systems, while sensitivities to possible GW signals derived from the vertical rotations are worse than that from the horizontal rotation.

Published
2016
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34. Characterization of the room temperature payload prototype for the cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector KAGRA

Author

M. A. Barton, Alessandro Bertolini, Joris van Heijningen, Fabián Erasmo Peña Arellano, Yoshinori Fujii, R. Flaminio, Jo van den Brand, Tomotada Akutsu, Osamu Miyakawa, Ettore Majorana, Akiteru Takamori, Naoko Ohishi, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Takashi Uchiyama, Eric Hennes, Riccardo DeSalvo, Koki Okutumi, N. Hirata, M. Kamiizumi, Ayaka Shoda, Hideharu Ishizaki, T. Sekiguchi, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, Yoichi Aso, Ryutaro Takahashi, UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique, and (Astro)-Particles Physics

Subjects
Cryogenics, 01 natural sciences, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, KAGRA, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, Aerospace engineering, 010306 general physics, Suspension (vehicle), Instrumentation, Physics, GW detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Payload, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Hang, Vibration isolation, Q factor, Cryogenic Underground, business
Abstract

KAGRA is a cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector currently under construction in the Kamioka mine in Japan. Besides the cryogenic test masses, KAGRA will also rely on room temperature optics which will hang at the bottom of vibration isolation chains. The payload of each chain comprises an optic, a system to align it, and an active feedback system to damp the resonant motion of the suspension itself. This article describes the performance of a payload prototype that was assembled and tested in vacuum at the TAMA300 site at the NAOJ in Mitaka, Tokyo. We describe the mechanical components of the payload prototype and their functionality. A description of the active components of the feedback system and their capabilities is also given. The performance of the active system is illustrated by measuring the quality factors of some of the resonances of the suspension. Finally, the alignment capabilities offered by the payload are reported. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.

Published
2016

35. Crystallographic survey of active sites of an unclassified glutathione transferase from Bombyx mori

Author

Makoto Kimura, Kazuhiro Usuda, Takashi Nakashima, Yoichi Aso, Kohji Yamamoto, and Yoshimitsu Kakuta

Subjects
Models, Molecular, Alanine, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Protein subunit, Molecular Sequence Data, Biophysics, Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique), Biology, Bombyx, Crystallography, X-Ray, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, Kinetics, Bombyx mori, Catalytic Domain, Biocatalysis, Animals, Transferase, Amino Acid Sequence, Site-directed mutagenesis, Molecular Biology, Peptide sequence, Glutathione Transferase
Abstract

Background Glutathione transferase (GST) catalyzes a major step in the xenobiotic detoxification pathway. We previously identified a novel, unclassified GST that is upregulated in an insecticide-resistant silkworm ( Bombyx mori ) upon insecticide exposure. Here, we sought to further characterize this GST, bmGSTu, by solving and refining its crystal structure and identifying its catalytic residues. Methods The structure of wild-type bmGSTu was determined with a resolution of 2.1 A by synchrotron radiation and molecular modeling. Potential catalytic residues were mutated to alanine by means of site-directed mutagenesis, and kinetic data determined for wild-type and mutated bmGSTu. Results We found that bmGSTu occurred as a dimer, and that, like other GSTs, each subunit displayed a G-site and an H-site in the active center. Bound glutathione could be localized at the G-site. Kinetic data of the mutated forms of bmGSTu show that Val55, Glu67, and Ser68 in the G-site are important for catalysis. Furthermore, the H-site showed some unique features. Conclusions This is the first study to our knowledge to elucidate the molecular conformation of this B. mori GST. Our results indicate that residues Val55, Glu67, and Ser68, as well as Tyr7 and Ser12, in the glutathione-binding region of bmGSTu are critical for catalytic function. General Significance Our results, together with our previous finding that bmGSTu was preferentially induced in an insecticide-resistant strain, support the idea that bmGSTu functions in the transformation of exogenous chemical agents. Furthermore, the unique features observed in bmGSTu may shed light on mechanisms of insecticide resistance.

Published
2011

36. Effect of diazinon exposure on antioxidant reactions in the silkmoth, Bombyx mori

Author

Sanetaka Shirahata, Takeki Hamasaki, Y. Tsuji, Yoshinori Katakura, Kohji Yamamoto, and Yoichi Aso

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Reactive oxygen species, Antioxidant, Diazinon, biology, medicine.medical_treatment, fungi, Organophosphate, Glutathione, biology.organism_classification, Superoxide dismutase, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Biochemistry, Catalase, Bombyx mori, Insect Science, medicine, biology.protein, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

We investigated the effects of exposure to diazinon, an organophosphate insecticide, on the expression of antioxidant and detoxification factors in the silkmoth. Exposure to diazinon resulted in induction of mRNA encoding manganese containing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and omega-class glutathione S-transferases (GST), whereas no changes were observed in catalase, other class of GST and acetylcholinesterase. Liquid chromatography showed that the amount of reactive oxygen species was increased, whereas the amount of glutathione was decreased in the silkmoth fat body after exposure to diazinon. These results suggest that SOD and omega-class GSTs can contribute to organophosphate resistance in Lepidopterans.

Published
2011

37. Characterization of an omega-class glutathione S-transferase in the stress response of the silkmoth

Author

Kohji Yamamoto, Yutaka Banno, Satoshi Teshiba, Tsukasa Fujiki, Yuichi Shigeoka, Yoichi Aso, and Yoshinori Katakura

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, fungi, Mutagenesis, Glutathione, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, Molecular biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Enzyme, Glutathione S-transferase, chemistry, Biochemistry, Bombyx mori, Insect Science, Genetics, medicine, biology.protein, Site-directed mutagenesis, Molecular Biology, Escherichia coli, Peptide sequence
Abstract

The glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily is involved in detoxification of various xenobiotics. Using real-time PCR, mRNA encoding an omega-class GST of Bombyx mori (bmGSTO) was shown to be induced after exposure to various environmental stresses. A soluble form of recombinant protein (rbmGSTO) was functionally overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells and purified to homogeneity. Cys 38 and Pro 39 were found to be highly conserved in omega-class GSTs, and their roles were investigated by site-directed mutagenesis/kinetic analysis. Mutations of Cys 38 and Pro 39 residues affected the catalytic efficiency of enzymes, indicating that the presence of Cys 38 and Pro 39 residues is important for bmGSTO activity. Thus, bmGSTO could contribute to increasing the environmental stress resistance of lepidopteran insects.

Published
2011

38. Optical Configuration and Control of Ultra-sensitive Gravitational Wave Detectors

Author

Yoichi Aso

Subjects
Physics, Interferometric visibility, Atom interferometer, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Intensity interferometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Michelson interferometer, Surfaces and Interfaces, Wavefront sensor, law.invention, Interferometry, Optics, law, Astronomical interferometer, General Materials Science, business, Instrumentation, Spectroscopy
Abstract

In order to constantly detect gravitational waves from astronomical sources, the required sensitivity for a detector is better than 10−23 in strain. To achieve such a high sensitivity, variants of Michelson interferometer with additional mirrors are used as the second generation interferometric gravitational wave detectors. The extra-mirrors form a total of four Fabry-Perot cavities in an interferometer to enhance the optical power and increase the observation bandwidth. While this complex optical configuration enables us to tailor the quantum noise shape to maximize the astronomical output and provides ways to cope with technical constraints, a sophisticated control scheme is required to keep the interferometer at its optimal operating point. We will give a brief review of the evolution of the interferometer configuration from a simple Michelson interferometer as well as the signal extraction techniques to control the advanced interferometers.

Published
2011

39. Calibration of the LIGO gravitational wave detectors in the fifth science run

Author

M. Born, K. Mailand, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, M. Cavagli, G. McIntyre, M. A. Arain, Gregory M. Harry, M. Aronsson, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, C. Messenger, Laura Cadonati, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, Chad Hanna, C. Wilkinson, A. Rdiger, Ewan S. Douglas, J. Dueck, D. Friedrich, D. J. White, C. Zhao, C. Aulbert, Jonah Kanner, I. Leonor, John K. Cannizzo, Benno Willke, B. Moe, A. Stroeer, S. Kandhasamy, Kenneth A. Strain, P. Raffai, B. O'Reilly, M. Pickenpack, J. Hanks, V. V. Frolov, J. C. Dumas, Albert Lazzarini, C. I. Torrie, A. L. Stuver, E. J. Daw, K. D. Giardina, Z. Frei, Yi Pan, D. Barker, Peter Aufmuth, C. Gill, Fumiko Kawazoe, A. Singer, Soma Mukherjee, T. Krause, Stanislav Babak, D. R. Ingram, Evan Ochsner, Phil Willems, S. Penn, A. J. Weinstein, Drew Keppel, I. Gholami, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, M. C. Araya, Alessandra Buonanno, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, S. Mrka, P. Wei, Linqing Wen, J. N. Marx, C. Rver, Duncan A. Brown, S. Roddy, Shuichi Sato, J. Cain, M. Sakosky, Soumya D. Mohanty, M. Landry, Stefan Hild, J. Kullman, I. Di Palma, D. Lodhia, N. A. Robertson, P. Baker, Yasushi Mino, Joseph D. Romano, D. Hammer, J. Heefner, R. Grosso, Kasem Mossavi, N. Zotov, K. Mason, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, G. Gonzlez, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, M. Flanigan, J. H. Clayton, Chad Forrest, Z. Mrka, A. M. Sintes, Lee Samuel Finn, S. Grunewald, Amanda J. Page, A. Effler, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Peter Kalmus, E. Amador Ceron, R. M. Martin, Xavier Siemens, T. Etzel, D. J. Hosken, J. G. Rollins, Rana X. Adhikari, Gareth Jones, B. Machenschalk, F. Donovan, A. Grant, L. Zhang, Roman Schnabel, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Subhasish Mitra, Efim A. Khazanov, J. Slutsky, Moritz Mehmet, Michele Vallisneri, J. Luan, H. Yamamoto, M. A. Barton, Kevin M. Ryan, Leo C. Stein, J. R. Leong, Sascha Husa, D.B. DeBra, A. Thring, A. Perreca, Imre Bartos, Guenakh Mitselmakher, R. L. Savage, T. Isogai, Katrin Dahl, Michael L. Gorodetsky, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, Eric Thrane, Sarah Caudill, P. Yu, Lisa M. Goggin, Yi Chen, T. Morioka, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, R. L. Ward, Emma L. Robinson, R. Dannenberg, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, Ryan DeRosa, G. S. Allen, John Nelson, K. A. Hodge, C. Torres, M. V. Plissi, F. Y. Khalili, A. M. Sergeev, B. Daudert, Fabio Postiglione, V. Raymond, P. Kwee, T. Nash, P. J. Sutton, J. H. Romie, L. Cunningham, F. J. Raab, Jeffrey S. Kissel, Larne Pekowsky, A. M. Cruise, N. A. Lockerbie, V. Kondrashov, G. H. Ogin, R. Engel, R. DeSalvo, Ronny Nawrodt, D. Pathak, M. Prijatelj, K. A. Thorne, Hartmut Grote, S. Saraf, E. E. Doomes, Innocenzo M. Pinto, P. J. Veitch, S. B. Anderson, Zhenyu Zhang, Ruslan Vaulin, R. Gustafson, Tobias Eberle, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Mendell, L. Sancho De La Jordana, Mark A. Satterthwaite, David B. Tanner, P. Leaci, R. Taylor, G. P. Szokoly, P. Thomas, Kip S. Thorne, Tobias Westphal, David Jones, N. Lastzka, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, Vladimir Dergachev, Matthew West, T. Radke, James Whelan, P. Ajith, M. Sung, T. P. Bodiya, Peter Wessels, C. Osthelder, Karel E. Urbanek, S. E. Strigin, N. Beveridge, D. O. Bridges, J. C. Driggers, D. Nolting, Erik Katsavounidis, B. Vaishnav, Neil J. Cornish, P. E. Lindquist, M. J. Lubinski, D. B. Kozak, C. Vorvick, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, J. Zweizig, Yoichi Aso, F. Seifert, J. O'Dell, Peter Fritschel, M. Pedraza, Vuk Mandic, Walter Winkler, T. Dayanga, Maria Alessandra Papa, T. Reed, J. R. Taylor, Sebastian Steinlechner, L. Santamara, Jordan Camp, D. Feldbaum, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, L. Wallace, P. G. Murray, R. Frey, S. Foley, H. Vahlbruch, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, T. Meier, Maik Frede, Paul Fulda, S. C. McGuire, A. Wanner, D. J. A. McKechan, J. M. Hallam, S. Giampanis, P. Schwinberg, K. Riles, M. Weinert, A. G. Wiseman, J. H. Hough, Ilya Mandel, Saranya Ghosh, A. C. Searle, J. A. Giaime, W. G. Anderson, C. T. Y. Chung, Michael E Zucker, Douglas R. Cook, A. E. Villar, K. Mors, Michele Zanolin, H. Lin, Jordi Burguet-Castell, E. Chalkley, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, H. J. Pletsch, G. Traylor, D. C. Coyne, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, Thomas Corbitt, Damon A. Clark, C. A. Costa, G. D. Hammond, P. Shawhan, P. Charlton, Peter Hall, S. Vass, Fabrice Matichard, Kipp Cannon, Richard A. Matzner, L. Turner, Matthew Evans, B. Behnke, W. Kells, I. A. Bilenko, R. S. Ottens, David J. Ottaway, G. McIvor, R. Inta, S. Klimenko, Robert Stone, Boris Hage, B. Rankins, Seiji Kawamura, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, C. M. Reed, C. Mak, M. Daz, B. J. J. Slagmolen, M. S. Meyer, Riccardo Bassiri, David H. Reitze, Rainer Weiss, R. W. P. Drever, D. F. Menndez, E. Maros, W. W. Johnson, Sunil Susmithan, David Blair, H. Lck, N. Fotopoulos, C. Veltkamp, B. Lantz, S. Barnum, Badri Krishnan, D. Ugolini, M. Lormand, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, D. Hoyland, B. F. Whiting, S. Dorsher, M. Bastarrika, Rahul Biswas, Anton B. Ivanov, J. Bauchrowitz, C. Van Den Broeck, Samuel J. Waldman, Vicky Kalogera, Larry R. Price, Yaohui Fan, G. R. Skelton, P. Ehrens, J. Garofoli, J. Betzwieser, H. Overmier, D. Sellers, R. M. S. Schofield, Matthew Benacquista, Simon Chelkowski, D. Hoak, Patrick Brady, K. Wette, Timothy Evans, Benjamin J. Owen, H. Fehrmann, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, C. Adams, D. Sigg, Martin Hewitson, S. W. Ballmer, Junwei Cao, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, Sanichiro Yoshida, Karsten Danzmann, Graham Woan, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Slawomir Gras, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Daniel A. Shaddock, J. Hanson, A. Cumming, Guido Mueller, T. T. Fricke, J. Birch, J. Abadie, A. J. Stein, A. M. Gretarsson, Matthew Lang, E. Hirose, J. K. Blackburn, Sheila Rowan, R. G. Oldenburg, Eric Howell, M. R. Smith, A. S. Sengupta, Jon M. Miller, M. R. Abernathy, G. Billingsley, Hoon-Sik Kim, Jan Harms, Jingsong Li, Evan Goetz, M. Edwards, Paul Roberts, S. Meshkov, K. Das, Grant David Meadors, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, C. Peralta, O. Bock, K. L. Dooley, Lisa Barsotti, Antonio Lucianetti, Michael Boyle, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, O. Puncken, D. Moraru, H. Mller-Ebhardt, D. Yeaton-Massey, C. Graef, Suvadeep Bose, Alberto Vecchio, L. Prokhorov, P. Devanka, N. D. Smith, B. Hughey, B. Sorazu, A. C. Melissinos, Andreas Freise, T. Z. Summerscales, Jolien D. E. Creighton, S. Caride, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, Matthew Pitkin, R. Wooley, V. Sandberg, M. Frei, L. Merill, T. Hayler, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, R. M. Culter, Jesper Munch, A. Davis, K. Flasch, H. Radkins, S. P. Vyachanin, M. Brinkmann, David Coward, T. Huynh-Dinh, Sheon Chua, Roger Jones, A. Lundgren, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, Pablo Barriga, M. Mageswaran, Lutz Winkelmann, Fiona C. Speirits, M. Pareja, John Veitch, C. Titsler, M. MacInnis, R. S. Amin, J. Breyer, C. Gray, Kentaro Somiya, G. Santostasi, M. Britzger, K. Haughian, Kazuhiro Hayama, D. Talukder, C. Pankow, I. W. Harry, S. Wen, David H. Shoemaker, P. Lu, O. Burmeister, V. Kringel, S. Goßler, A. F. Brooks, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, Roberto Conte, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, I. Yakushin, L. Sammut, A. Sibley, D. Fazi, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, Andrew Melatos, B. Schulz, C. D. Capano, S. E. Whitcomb, Francesco Salemi, Alexander Khalaidovski, B. Bland, Stephen Fairhurst, S. Sakata, Miquel Trias, A. Mullavey, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, P. Patel, Malik Rakhmanov, J. Worden, L. Williams, E. Forsi, R. Riesen, Roland Schilling, S. P. Tarabrin, Richard J. Abbott, Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Barnum, Sam, Barsotti, Lisa, Blackburn, Lindy, Bodiya, Timothy P., Corbitt, Thomas R., Donovan, Frederick J., Evans, Matthew J., Foley, Stephany, Fritschel, Peter K., Harry, Gregory, Hughey, Brennan, Katsavounidis, Erotokritos, MacInnis, Myron E., Mason, Kenneth R., Matichard, Fabrice, Mavalvala, Nergis, Mittleman, Richard K., Shapiro, B., Shoemaker, David H., Smith, Nicolas D., Stein, Andrew J., Stein, Leo C., Walden, Samuel J., Weiss, Rainer, Wipf, Christopher C., LVC Collaboration, The, Pinto, I. M., and Principe, M.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitational waves, Optics, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Astronomical interferometer, Interferometer, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, QC, Physics, Control systems, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, LIGO, Interferometry, business
Abstract

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) is a network of three detectors built to detect local perturbations in the space–time metric from astrophysical sources. These detectors, two in Hanford, WA and one in Livingston, LA, are power-recycled Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometers. In their fifth science run (S5), between November 2005 and October 2007, these detectors accumulated one year of triple coincident data while operating at their designed sensitivity. In this paper, we describe the calibration of the instruments in the S5 data set, including measurement techniques and uncertainty estimation., United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Carnegie Trust, Leverhulme Trust, David & Lucile Packard Foundation, Research Corporation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

Published
2010

40. Identification and Expression Analysis of Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins in the Silkworm,Bombyx mori

Author

Kohji Yamamoto, Hiroshi Fujii, and Yoichi Aso

Subjects
DNA, Complementary, Sequence analysis, Genetic Vectors, Molecular Sequence Data, DNA replication, Article, Bombycidae, Plasmid, Species Specificity, Minichromosome maintenance, Bombyx mori, Complementary DNA, Escherichia coli, Animals, Cluster Analysis, Amino Acid Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Gene, Phylogeny, DNA Primers, Bombyx, Base Sequence, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, fungi, DNA Helicases, Nuclear Proteins, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, helicase, Biochemistry, Insect Science
Abstract

The minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM) family is involved in the regulatory role of DNA replication in eukaryotic organisms. A cDNA encoding of an MCM of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), was cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequenced. The resultant amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed high identity to MCM, and specifically to MCM7, of vertebrates and invertebrates. An RT-PCR showed that the bmMCM7 transcript was present in the ovaries, testes, silk glands, and fat bodies of larval silkworms. Expression plasmids were transformed into competent Escherichia coli and overexpressed. This is the first report on the identification of MCM helicase of the silkworm, B. mori.

Published
2010

41. Structural properties of silkworm small heat-shock proteins:SHSP19.9 and sHSP20.8

Author

Kohji Yamamoto, Satoshi Teshiba, Tetsuro Fujisawa, Daisuke Sakano, Yoichi Aso, Md. Tofazzal Hossain, Yutaka Banno, Yoji Inoko, and Yuichi Shigeoka

Subjects
Chemical structure, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Dithiothreitol, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, X-Ray Diffraction, Heat shock protein, Scattering, Small Angle, Animals, Protein Structure, Quaternary, Molecular Biology, Incubation, biology, Precipitation (chemistry), Organic Chemistry, Temperature, General Medicine, Bombyx, Heat-Shock Proteins, Small, chemistry, Catalase, Ionic strength, biology.protein, Insect Proteins, Target protein, Protein Multimerization, Biotechnology
Abstract

sHSP20.8 and sHSP19.9 are silkworm small-heat shock proteins (sHSPs) comprising a number of polypeptides of molecular sizes of several tens of kilodaltons as subunits. The structural properties of sHSPs were investigated. sHSP19.9 was found to be aggregated by itself during incubation at 60 degrees C. Aggregation was suppressed in the presence of dithiothreitol and at high ionic strength. In contrast, sHSP20.8 was not aggregated. Aggregation of sHSP19.9 was partially suppressed by sHSP20.8 and in the presence of catalase as a target protein. Based on changes in small-angle X-ray scattering, it is possible that the molecular size of sHSP19.9 is larger than that of sHSP20.8, and that their molecular sizes increase with increasing temperature in a reversible, biphasic manner. sHSPs did not protect catalase from thermal inactivation, but protected it from precipitation by forming a soluble complex. sHSP20.8 and sHSP19.9 with dithiothreitol were stable against lyophilization, autoclaving at 120 degrees C, and boiling.

Published
2010

42. JOINT SEARCHES BETWEEN GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE INTERFEROMETERS AND HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINO TELESCOPES: SCIENCE REACH AND ANALYSIS STRATEGIES

Author

John G. Dwyer, Thierry Pradier, Yoichi Aso, Shin'ichiro Ando, M. Barsuglia, E. Chassande-Mottin, Christian D. Ott, B. Baret, Antony C. Searle, I. Di Palma, K. Kei, Imre Bartos, Chad Finley, Z. Márka, Veronique Van Elewyck, Antoine Kouchner, J. G. Rollins, S. Márka, APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), APC - Cosmologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Multi-messenger astronomy, Astronomical interferometer, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Gravitational wave, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, neutrinos, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, LIGO, Universe, gravitational waves, Space and Planetary Science, Neutrino, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

Many of the astrophysical sources and violent phenomena observed in our Universe are potential emitters of gravitational waves (GWs) and high-energy neutrinos (HENs). A network of GW detectors such as LIGO and Virgo can determine the direction/time of GW bursts while the IceCube and ANTARES neutrino telescopes can also provide accurate directional information for HEN events. Requiring the consistency between both, totally independent, detection channels shall enable new searches for cosmic events arriving from potential common sources, of which many extra-galactic objects., 4 pages. To appear in the Proceedings of the 2d Heidelberg Workshop: "High-Energy Gamma-rays and Neutrinos from Extra-Galactic Sources", Heidelberg (Germany), January 13-16, 2009

Published
2009

43. Stacked Search For Gravitational Waves From The 2006 Sgr 1900+14 Storm

Author

Antonio Lucianetti, J. Ulmen, P. G. Murray, Keisuke Goda, J. H. Hough, N. A. Robertson, S. Kandhasamy, Jolien D. E. Creighton, D. Ugolini, Douglas R. Cook, Erik Katsavounidis, S. Caride, Michele Zanolin, And J. Zweizig, D. Hammer, F. Seifert, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, V. Sandberg, M. Lormand, Giuseppe Castaldi, M. J. Lubinski, Kirk McKenzie, Jonah Kanner, J. C. Dumas, Albert Lazzarini, Tom Fricke, G. McIntyre, John G. Dwyer, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, S. Mrka, G. D. Hammond, K. Kokeyama, N. Fotopoulos, D. J. Hosken, J. G. Rollins, Leo C. Stein, B. Lantz, V. V. Frolov, V. Parameshwaraiah, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, C. Veltkamp, H. Overmier, D. Barker, A. Bullington, Rahul Biswas, D. S. Rabeling, K. Haughian, E. Espinoza, M. Weinert, L. Bogue, D. Sellers, V. Kondrashov, R. DeSalvo, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Peter Kalmus, S. Roddy, Supriyo Sinha, B. Moe, Alberto Vecchio, B. Sorazu, A. Thüring, R. L. Ward, L. Prokhorov, Kazuhiro Hayama, K. Mors, B. Behnke, John D. Scott, R. A. Mercer, M. A. Arain, A. C. Melissinos, T. Morioka, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, A. M. Cruise, Simon Chelkowski, M. Guenther, Gregory M. Harry, H. Lin, R. M. S. Schofield, K. A. Hodge, Roberto Conte, Evan Ochsner, Chad Forrest, Vuk Mandic, J. A. Giaime, D. F. Menéndez, E. E. Doomes, Stanislav Babak, Duncan A. Brown, D. Talukder, C. Pankow, I. W. Harry, M. Lei, C. Aulbert, A. M. Sintes, P. Aufmuth, L. Sancho De La Jordana, Matthew P. Edgar, A. J. Weinstein, T. Z. Summerscales, I. Gholami, W. Wu, Matthew Benacquista, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, A. F. Brooks, E. Chalkley, R. L. Savage, P. Armor, Kevin M. Ryan, Benjamin J. Owen, T. Isogai, Lee Samuel Finn, Tyson Littenberg, R. M. Culter, J. Dueck, Jesper Munch, Cheng Li, N. D. Smith, Jordan Camp, S. Wen, G. S. Allen, H. Yamamoto, P. J. Sutton, C. C. Wipf, Patrick Brady, K. V. Tokmakov, Badri Krishnan, Benno Willke, H. Rehbein, I. W. Martin, P. Shawhan, Virginio Sannibale, J. Betzwieser, A. Franzen, David E. McClelland, Seiji Kawamura, C. Torres, F. Y. Khalili, A. Sibley, C. M. Mow-Lowry, K. Flasch, M. V. Van Der Sluys, Shantanu Desai, P. Charlton, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, John S. Markowitz, A. Grant, S. B. Anderson, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, Chunnong Zhao, David H. Shoemaker, Reinhard Prix, A. Effler, Elizabeth Harstad, V. Raymond, J. H. Romie, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, L. Cunningham, P. Ehrens, F. J. Raab, C. N. Colacino, L. Zhang, T. Reed, Z. Frei, C. Echols, K. Mailand, Rana X. Adhikari, A. Stroeer, Peter Fritschel, P. Lu, O. Burmeister, Gareth Jones, I. Wilmut, I. A. Bilenko, V. Dergachev, B. Machenschalk, M. Sung, Karel E. Urbanek, D. O. Bridges, Maurizio Longo, Walter Winkler, N. A. Lockerbie, A. Ivanov, David J. Ottaway, Osamu Miyakawa, David H. Reitze, E. Hirose, J. E. Brau, Matthew Evans, R. Mittleman, B. F. Whiting, S. H. Huttner, Roman Schnabel, D. Muhammad, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, M. C. Araya, Nelson Christensen, F. Donovan, A. S. Markosyan, A. A. van Veggel, Andrew Melatos, Harald Lück, A. Cumming, S. Foley, Efim A. Khazanov, Moritz Mehmet, Kenneth A. Strain, M. Pedraza, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, L. Cardenas, Gabriela Gonzalez, Maria Alessandra Papa, H. Mukhopadhyay, B. Johnson, M. Bastarrika, H. Radkins, K. Wette, J. S. Kissel, Timothy Evans, S. Saraf, S. P. Vyachanin, B. Schulz, J. M. Hallam, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, A. Dietz, D. Kasprzyk, B. O'Reilly, S. Klimenko, H. Müller-Ebhardt, D. Sigg, C. Van Den Broeck, C. T. Y. Chung, Michael E Zucker, Roger Jones, Boris Hage, T. Etzel, R. Taylor, P. T. Baker, B. Hughey, S. Giampanis, Ilya Mandel, A. C. Searle, P. Sarin, I. Leonor, John K. Cannizzo, D. Hoyland, P. Savov, Alessandra Buonanno, David Coward, Christian Röver, Hansheng Lei, S. W. Ballmer, Michael Landry, H. R. Williams, R. Gustafson, Yi Pan, T. P. Bodiya, C. M. Reed, James Whelan, P. Ajith, I. Duke, A. L. Stuver, David Jones, G. Moreno, Jon M. Miller, J. Slutsky, Imre Bartos, D. Hoak, Richard A. Matzner, G. Billingsley, V. Quetschke, M. S. Meyer, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, Michael L. Gorodetsky, Marco Cavaglia, E. J. Daw, K. D. Giardina, J. Minelli, C. Barker, Helena Armandula, H. J. Pletsch, Kipp Cannon, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, R. S. Ottens, J. R. Smith, T. Nash, Sanichiro Yoshida, J. O'Dell, Ke-Xun Sun, K. Kawabe, Rainer Weiss, C. Gray, S. M. Aston, R. W. P. Drever, E. Myers, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, B. Sears, Mark A. Satterthwaite, Graham Woan, D. B. Kozak, S. Penn, A. Nishizawa, G. H. Ogin, N. Rainer, C. Vorvick, Pamela J. Russell, Yoichi Aso, B. Rivera, Pablo Barriga, A. M. Gretarsson, W. W. Johnson, M. V. Plissi, M. Mageswaran, Kentaro Somiya, M. Ito, L. Wallace, Vicky Kalogera, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, H. Fehrmann, L. Tang, M. Brinkmann, Andreas Freise, Vincenzo Pierro, Matthew Pitkin, Kenji Numata, David Blair, S. E. Strigin, Robert Stone, R. Frey, C. Messenger, C. Robinson, Laura Cadonati, S. Goler, Stefan Hild, Benjamin William Allen, P. T. Beyersdorf, Hartmut Grote, Malcolm B. Gray, M. A. Barton, G. Mendell, R. Wooley, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, J. K. Blackburn, Yaohui Fan, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Karsten Danzmann, Yasushi Mino, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, P. Raffai, D.B. DeBra, A. G. Wiseman, M. R. Smith, A. S. Sengupta, J. Hanson, Susan M. Scott, Guido Mueller, Teviet Creighton, Slawomir Gras, Nick Leindecker, O. Punken, M. Frei, Sheila Rowan, Neil J. Cornish, Maik Frede, A. Weidner, Ping Koy Lam, Marco Aurelio Diaz, Chad Hanna, D. C. Coyne, C. Wilkinson, Shuichi Sato, P. E. Lindquist, Martin P McHugh, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Fabio Postiglione, P. Kwee, D. Lodhia, K. A. Thorne, A. J. Stein, Fumiko Kawazoe, Riccardo Bassiri, F. Matichard, P. Schwinberg, J. R. Taylor, J. N. Marx, C. I. Torrie, J. Thacker, A. Perreca, E. Maros, P. J. Veitch, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, A. Brummit, Soma Mukherjee, Guenakh Mitselmakher, A. M. Sergeev, V. Boschi, Joseph D. Romano, H. Zur Mühlen, W. G. Anderson, Drew Keppel, Zewu Yan, J. H. Clayton, Vincenzo Galdi, Sarah Caudill, Lisa M. Goggin, R. Gouaty, B. Daudert, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, R. Bork, Innocenzo M. Pinto, F. Grimaldi, Z. Mrka, D. E. Clark, Thomas Cokelaer, Kasem Mossavi, S. Vass, Jian Zhang, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, Soumya D. Mohanty, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, G. P. Szokoly, S. Grunewald, N. Zotov, K. Mason, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, R. M. Martin, S. L. Danilishin, K. L. Dooley, M. Scanlan, Xavier Siemens, Lisa Barsotti, J. Garofoli, Yi Chen, Jan Harms, Lutz Winkelmann, Evan Goetz, Paul Roberts, S. Meshkov, John Veitch, M. MacInnis, R. S. Amin, A. E. Villar, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, J. Heefner, R. Grosso, John A. Clark, S. J. Waldman, J. Myers, Shourov Chatterji, D. Fazi, Suvadeep Bose, Michele Vallisneri, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, Emma L. Robinson, S. P. Tarabrin, John Nelson, I. Yakushin, S. E. Whitcomb, S. Sakata, Rubab Khan, Miquel Trias, A. Mullavey, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, P. Patel, Malik Rakhmanov, J. Worden, L. Williams, A. Rüdiger, R. Riesen, Roland Schilling, Y. Faltas, Richard J. Abbott, Alexander Khalaidovski, B. Bland, G. Brunet, Z. Raics, and Stephen Fairhurst

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Gravitational wave, gamma rays: bursts, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, MAGNETIZED NEUTRON-STARS, Gamma ray, Soft gamma repeater, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, pulsars: individual (SGR 1900+14), LIGO, Neutron star, Stars, stars: neutron, SOFT GAMMA-REPEATERS, Pulsar, gravitational waves, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-ray burst, QC
Abstract

We present the results of a LIGO search for short-duration gravitational waves (GWs) associated with the 2006 March 29 SGR 1900+14 storm. A new search method is used, "stacking'' the GW data around the times of individual soft-gamma bursts in the storm to enhance sensitivity for models in which multiple bursts are accompanied by GW emission. We assume that variation in the time difference between burst electromagnetic emission and potential burst GW emission is small relative to the GW signal duration, and we time-align GW excess power time-frequency tilings containing individual burst triggers to their corresponding electromagnetic emissions. We use two GW emission models in our search: a fluence-weighted model and a flat (unweighted) model for the most electromagnetically energetic bursts. We find no evidence of GWs associated with either model. Model-dependent GW strain, isotropic GW emission energy E_GW, and \gamma = E_GW / E_EM upper limits are estimated using a variety of assumed waveforms. The stacking method allows us to set the most stringent model-dependent limits on transient GW strain published to date. We find E_GW upper limit estimates (at a nominal distance of 10 kpc) of between 2x10^45 erg and 6x10^50 erg depending on waveform type. These limits are an order of magnitude lower than upper limits published previously for this storm and overlap with the range of electromagnetic energies emitted in SGR giant flares., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures

Published
2009

44. Molecular and biochemical characterization of a Zeta-class glutathione S-transferase of the silkmoth

Author

Kohji Yamamoto, Yutaka Banno, Yoichi Aso, Makoto Kimura, Yuichi Shigeoka, and Takashi Nakashima

Subjects
biology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, fungi, General Medicine, Glutathione, Molecular cloning, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, law.invention, Bombycidae, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glutathione S-transferase, chemistry, Biochemistry, Bombyx mori, law, Complementary DNA, parasitic diseases, biology.protein, Recombinant DNA, Agronomy and Crop Science, Peptide sequence
Abstract

A cDNA encoding Zeta-class GST of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori (bmGSTZ), was cloned by a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The resulting clone was sequenced and deduced for amino acid sequence, which revealed 45–50% identities to Zeta-class GSTs from other organisms. A recombinant protein (rbmGSTZ) was functionally overexpressed in Bombyx mori cells in a soluble form and purified to homogeneity. rbmGSTZ was able to catalyze the biotranslation of glutathione with dichloroacetic acid. We found that the present GST-catalyzed dechlorination of permethrin and distributed abundantly in silkmoth strain exhibiting permethrin resistance. Our results suggest that bmGSTZ could contribute to permethrin resistance in lepidopteran.

Published
2009

45. Biochemical properties of an omega-class glutathione S-transferase of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori

Author

Yutaka Banno, Sumiharu Nagaoka, Kohji Yamamoto, and Yoichi Aso

Subjects
Physiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Molecular Sequence Data, Molecular cloning, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Lethal Dose 50, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bombyx mori, Complementary DNA, medicine, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Escherichia coli, Peptide sequence, Phylogeny, Glutathione Transferase, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, fungi, Fenitrothion, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Glutathione, Bombyx, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, Enzyme, Glutathione S-transferase, chemistry, biology.protein, Sequence Alignment
Abstract

A cDNA encoding an omega-class glutathione S-transferase of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori (bmGSTO), was cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The resulting clone was sequenced and deduced for amino acid sequence, which revealed 40, 40, and 39% identities to omega-class GSTs from human, pig, and mouse, respectively. A recombinant protein (rbmGSTO) was functionally overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells in a soluble form and purified to homogeneity. rbmGSTO was able to catalyze the biotranslation of glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, a model substrate for GST, as well as with 4-hydroxynonenal, a product of lipid peroxidation. This enzyme was shown to have high affinity for organophosphorus insecticide and was present abundantly in silkmoth strain exhibiting fenitrothion resistance. These results indicate that bmGSTO could be involved in the increase in level of insecticide resistance for lepidopteran insects.

Published
2009

46. Characterization of glutathioneS-transferase in the saturniid moth,Samia Cynthia pryeri(Lep.: Saturniidae)

Author

S. Teshiba, Kohji Yamamoto, Fumio Miake, and Yoichi Aso

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Molecular mass, Glutathione, biology.organism_classification, Enzyme assay, chemistry.chemical_compound, Enzyme, Glutathione S-transferase, chemistry, Biochemistry, Affinity chromatography, Insect Science, parasitic diseases, Samia cynthia, biology.protein, Sodium dodecyl sulfate, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

An enzyme, which possesses glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, has been found in the midgut of the saturniid moth, Samia cynthia pryeri. The enzyme was initially purified into homogeneity by ammonium sulphate fractionation, affinity chromatography, and ion-exchange chromatography. The resulting enzyme revealed a single band with a molecular mass of 23 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis under reduced conditions. When tested with l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, a universal substrate of GST, the purified remnants had an optimum pH of 8.0 for enzymatic activity, and was fairly stable at pH 5-9 and at temperatures below 40°C. The enzyme was also responsive to 4-hydroxynonenal, a cytotoxic lipid-peroxidation product. The present GST was inhibited by organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides including fenitrothion, permethrin and deltamethrin.

Published
2009

47. Characterization of glutathione S-transferase of the rice leaffolder moth, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Comparison of its properties of glutathione S-transferases from other lepidopteran insects

Author

Yoichi Aso, Satoshi Teshiba, and Kohji Yamamoto

Subjects
Pyrethroid, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, General Medicine, Glutathione, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Fenitrothion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glutathione S-transferase, Deltamethrin, Affinity chromatography, Biochemistry, chemistry, biology.protein, Agronomy and Crop Science, Pyralidae
Abstract

An enzyme that possesses the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was found in the rice leaffolder moth, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity for the first time by ammonium sulfate fractionation and affinity chromatography. The resultant enzyme revealed a single band with a molecular mass of 24 kDa by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reduced conditions. When assayed with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, a universal substrate for GST, the purified GST had an optimum pH at 8.0, and was fairly stable at pH 3–10 and at temperatures below 50 °C. The enzyme was also able to conjugate glutathione to 4-hydroxynonenal, a cytotoxic lipid peroxidation product. The present GST was inhibited by fenitrothion, permethrin, and deltamethrin, suggesting that the GST could be involved in metabolizing these organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides.

Published
2008

48. Three Successive and Interacting Shock Waves Generated by a Solar Flare

Author

Borja Sorazu, Yoichi Aso, Li Ju, David Blair, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Bangalore Sathyaprakash, Jan Harms, Jeff Minelli, Amber Stuver, John Zweizig, Richard O'Shaughnessy, Rubab Khan, Valerio Boschi, Fabio Postiglione, Susan M. Scott, Benno Willke, Ik Siong Heng, Antonio Lucianetti, Chunnong Zhao, Stefan Hild, Andreas Freise, David McClelland, Bram Slagmolen, Philip Charlton, Kipp Cannon, Graham Woan, Giuseppe CASTALDI, Fabrice Matichard, Maria Principe, Alicia M Sintes, Sanjit Mitra, Kenneth Strain, Noriyuki Narukage, Kirill Tokmakov, Keith Riles, John Whelan, Atsushi Nishizawa, Kentaro Somiya, Jonathan Mark Hallam, Leo Stein, HANS BANTILAN, Robert Ward, and Stephen Fairhurst

Subjects
Shock wave, Physics, Solar flare, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Magnitude (mathematics), Astronomy and Astrophysics, law.invention, Protein filament, Moreton wave, Space and Planetary Science, law, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Flare
Abstract

We discovered three successive Moreton waves generated by a single solar flare on 2005 August 3. Although this flare was not special in magnitude or configuration, Moreton waves (shock waves) successively occurred three times. Multiple shock waves generated during a single flare have not been reported before. Furthermore, the faster second-generated Moreton wave caught up and merged with the slower first-generated one. This is the first report of shock-shock interaction associated with a solar flare. The shock-plasma interaction was also detected. When the third-generated Moreton wave passed through an erupting filament, the filament was accelerated by the Moreton wave. In this event, filaments also erupted three times. On the basis of this observation, we consider that filament eruption is indispensable to the generation of Moreton waves.

Published
2008

49. Purification and characterization of a novel sigma-class glutathione S-transferase of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea

Author

Yoichi Aso, Kohji Yamamoto, and Fumio Miake

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Glutathione, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Lipid peroxidation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glutathione S-transferase, Enzyme, chemistry, Biochemistry, Affinity chromatography, Insect Science, Hyphantria, biology.protein, Ammonium, Agronomy and Crop Science, Incubation
Abstract

An enzyme that possesses glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was found in the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity for the first time by ammonium sulphate fractionation and affinity chromatography. The N-terminal sequence of the purified protein was similar to those of Sigma-class GSTs. The purified GST retained more than 75% of its original GST activity after incubation at pH 5–8. Incubation for 30 min at temperatures below 50°C scarcely affected the activity. The enzyme was able to catalyse the reaction of glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, a universal substrate for GST, as well as with 4-hydroxynonenal, a product of lipid peroxidation.

Published
2007

50. Characterization of superoxide dismutase from the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea: Comparison of its properties to superoxide dismutase from the silkworm Bombyx mori

Author

Yoichi Aso, Katsumi Koga, Yutaka Banno, Makoto Kimura, and Kohji Yamamoto

Subjects
Antioxidant, biology, Superoxide, medicine.medical_treatment, Fall webworm, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, Enzyme assay, Superoxide dismutase, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biochemistry, chemistry, Bombyx mori, Insect Science, Complementary DNA, biology.protein, medicine, Hyphantria
Abstract

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a regulatory enzyme involved in the degradation of superoxide anions in living organisms. In this study, we examined SOD from the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (hcSOD). A cDNA encoding hcSOD was cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The deduced amino acid sequence of hcSOD revealed that six of seven highly conserved residues forming the Cu/Zn-binding sites were present. The hcSOD mRNA and the enzyme activity were distributed in larval tissues including fat body, midgut and hemocyte of H. cunea. A recombinant hcSOD (rhcSOD) functionally overexpressed in Escherichia coli in a soluble form that was purified to homogeneity. It was stable at pHs between 5 and 11. Incubation for 30 min at temperatures below 50°C scarcely affected the activity. All these properties, as well as CD spectra, of hcSOD or rhcSOD were highly similar to those of the Bombyx mori counterparts except for the number of Cu/Zn-binding sites and the specific activity dismutating superoxide anion to peroxide and oxygen.

Published
2007

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