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Abstract Background Fragility fracture is common in the elderly. Osteoblast differentiation is essential for bone healing and regeneration. Expression pattern of long non-coding RNA MIAT during fracture healing was examined, and its role in osteoblast differentiation was investigated. Methods 90 women with simple osteoporosis and 90 women with fragility fractures were included. Another 90 age-matched women were set as the control group. mRNA levels were tested using RT-qPCR. Cell viability was detected via CCK-8, and osteoblastic biomarkers, including ALP, OCN, Collagen I, and RUNX2 were tested via ELISA. The downstream miRNAs and genes targeted by MIAT were predicted by bioinformatics analysis, whose functions and pathways were annotated via GO and KEGG analysis. Results Serum MIAT was upregulated in osteoporosis women with high accuracy of diagnostic efficacy. Serum MIAT was even elevated in the fragility fracture group, but decreased in a time manner after operation. MIAT knockdown promoted osteogenic proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1, but the influences were reversed by miR-181a-5p inhibitor. A total of 137 overlapping target genes of miR-181a-5p were predicted based on the miRDB, TargetScan and microT datasets, which were mainly enriched for terms related to signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, cellular senescence, and osteoclast differentiation. Conclusions LncRNA MIAT serves as a promising biomarker for osteoporosis, and promotes osteogenic differentiation via targeting miR-181a-5p.

Identifying the drivers of land use and cover change (LUCC) is crucial for sustainable land management. However, understanding spatial differentiation and conducting inter-regional comparisons of these drivers remains limited, particularly in regions like Malaysia, where complex interactions between human activities and natural conditions pose significant challenges. This study presents a novel analytical framework to examine the spatial variations and complexities of LUCC, specifically addressing the spatiotemporal patterns, driving factors, and pathways of LUCC in Malaysia from 2010 to 2020. Integrating the land use transfer matrix, GeoDetector model, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), we reveal a significant expansion of farmland and urban areas alongside a decline in forest cover, with notable regional variations in Malaysia. Human-driven factors, such as population growth and economic development, are identified as the primary forces behind these changes, outweighing the influence of natural conditions. Critically, the interactions among these drivers exert a stronger influence on LUCC dynamics in Malaysia than any single factor alone, suggesting increasingly complex LUCC predictions in the future. This complexity emphasizes the urgency of proactive, multifaceted, and region-specific land management policies to prevent irreversible environmental degradation. By proposing tailored land management strategies for Malaysia’s five subnational regions, this study addresses spatial variations in drivers and climate resilience, offering a strategic blueprint for timely action that can benefit Malaysia and other regions facing similar challenges in sustainable land management.

Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial impact of plants on the overall well-being of elderly individuals. However, there remains a gap in our understanding which specific plant species have a notable influence on the physical and mental health of the elderly population. Among the various woody ornamental plants used worldwide, crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica) holds a growing significance in the natural environment. This study aimed to investigate the physiological parameters (such as blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and fingertip pulse) as well as psychological aspects (measured using positive and negative affect schedule scores and smile face scale) associated with crape myrtle observation activities. The finding revealed the following key points: 1) engaging in crape myrtle observation activities significantly enhanced the physical and mental well-being of elderly participants; 2) the impact of observing crape myrtle flowers differed notably from that of observing its leaves, with flower observation having a more positive effect on the physical and mental health of elderly individuals; and 3) the natural environment was found to exert an influence on the physical and mental health of elderly individuals through visual stimulation. Following the observation of crape myrtle, there was a significant decrease in the physiological indices of elderly individuals. Our findings offer valuable insights into the therapeutic benefits of crape myrtle observation activities and contributing evidence-based recommendations for future landscape design aimed at enhancing well-being.

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of two-stage reconstruction (peripheral reconstruction in phase I and central anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) / posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction in phase II) with remnant preservation for patients with knee dislocation. Methods A total of 70 patients (10 IIIM, 17 IIIL, and 43 IV) with knee dislocation were randomly divided into the remnant-preserved group and the simple reconstruction group. Patients underwent two-stage reconstruction, including the reconstruction of collateral ligament in phase I and the reconstruction of ACL/PCL in phase II (12 weeks after phase I). Grafts were harvested from the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons from both lower limbs. After the surgery, the joint flexion and extension, bone tunnel and ligament healing, and joint stability were evaluated. Results After the surgery, the lateral stability recovered in all patients, and X-ray revealed a good position of bone tunnel. Follow-up was performed at 12 months postoperatively and ranged from 24 to 91 months. At the final follow-up, knee flexion angle, IKDC, Lysholm, and Tegner scores were all higher in both groups compared to the preoperative period. Notably, the remnant-preserved group showed superior results in these parameters compared to the simple reconstruction group. There was statistical significance between the two groups in terms of the Lachman test. Conclusion The knee function was well recovered after two-stage ligament reconstruction with remnant preservation.

Abstract Background To explore the effect of has_circ_0088214 in osteosarcoma cells and corresponding mechanisms. Methods Osteosarcoma cell line MG63 and U2OS were selected in this study. Wound-healing and matrigel transwell assays were performed to detect migration and invasion capacities. CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell growth and cisplatin resistance. Cell apoptosis was observed by Hoechst 33342 staining after H2O2 induce. Western Blot was used to detect protein expression level. The rescue experiments were also performed using an Akt activator SC79. Results Hsa_circ_0088214 was down-regulated in osteosarcoma cells compared to normal osteoblast cells. Over-expression of has_circ_0088214 significantly reduced osteosarcoma cells invasion, migration and resistance to cisplatin, but the apoptotic ratio was increased. The phosphorylation level of Akt could be regulated by hsa_circ_0088214, and rescue experiments proved Akt signaling pathway took part in above biological processes. Conclusion Up-regulation of hsa_circ_0088214 suppresses invasion, migration, cisplatin resistance but promoting apoptosis induced by H2O2 by inhibiting Akt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma.

With the widespread adoption of ultrasound guidance, Seldinger puncture techniques, and intracardiac electrical positioning technology for the placement of peripherally inserted central catheters in recent years, an increasing number of medical staff and patients now accept peripheral placement of totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) in the upper arm. This approach has the advantage of completely avoiding the risks of hemothorax, pneumothorax, and neck and chest scarring. Medical specialties presently engaged in this study in China include internal medicine, surgery, anesthesiology, and interventional departments. However, command over implantation techniques, treatment of complications, and proper use and maintenance of TIVAD remain uneven among different medical units. Moreover, currently, there are no established quality control standards for implantation techniques or specifications for handling complications. Thus, this expert consensus is proposed to improve the success rate of TIVAD implantation via the upper-arm approach, reduce complication rates, and ensure patient safety. This consensus elaborates on the technical indications and contraindications, procedures and technical points, treatment of complications, and the use and maintenance of upper-arm TIVAD, thus providing a practical reference for medical staff.

The canonical glycolysis pathway is responsible for converting glucose into 2 molecules of acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) through a cascade of 11 biochemical reactions. Here, we have designed and constructed an artificial phosphoketolase (APK) pathway, which consists of only 3 types of biochemical reactions. The core enzyme in this pathway is phosphoketolase, while phosphatase and isomerase act as auxiliary enzymes. The APK pathway has the potential to achieve a 100% carbon yield to acetyl-CoA from any monosaccharide by integrating a one-carbon condensation reaction. We tested the APK pathway in vitro, demonstrating that it could efficiently catabolize typical C1-C6 carbohydrates to acetyl-CoA with yields ranging from 83% to 95%. Furthermore, we engineered Escherichia coli stain capable of growth utilizing APK pathway when glycerol act as a carbon source. This novel catabolic pathway holds promising route for future biomanufacturing and offering a stoichiometric production platform using multiple carbon sources.

Objective Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) refers to the repeated sampling of information about an individual’s symptoms and behaviours, enabling the capture of ecologically meaningful real-time information in a timely manner. Compliance with EMA is critical in determining the validity of an assessment. However, there is limited evidence related to how the elderly comply with EMA programmes or the factors that are associated with compliance.Design Systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sources PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched up to 17 July 2022.Eligibility criteria We included observational studies on EMA in the elderly reported in English.Data extraction and synthesis Two investigators independently performed screening and data extraction. Discrepancies were resolved by discussion or a third investigator. A systematic review was carried out to characterise the basic characteristics of the participants and EMA programmes. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to assess overall compliance and to explore factors associated with differences in compliance among the elderly.Results A total of 20 studies with 2047 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that the combined compliance rate was 86.41% (95% CI: 77.38% to 92.20%; I2=96.4%; p

PurposeTo explore fecal immune-related proteins that can be used for colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis.Patients and methodsThree independent cohorts were used in present study. In the discovery cohort, which included 14 CRC patients and 6 healthy controls (HCs), label-free proteomics was applied to identify immune-related proteins in stool that could be used for CRC diagnosis. Exploring potential links between gut microbes and immune-related proteins by 16S rRNA sequencing. The abundance of fecal immune-associated proteins was verified by ELISA in two independent validation cohorts and a biomarker panel was constructed that could be used for CRC diagnosis. The validation cohort I included 192 CRC patients and 151 HCs from 6 different hospitals. The validation cohort II included 141 CRC patients, 82 colorectal adenoma (CRA) patients, and 87 HCs from another hospital. Finally, the expression of biomarkers in cancer tissues was verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsIn the discovery study, 436 plausible fecal proteins were identified. And among 67 differential fecal proteins (|log2 fold change| > 1, P< 0.01) that could be used for CRC diagnosis, 16 immune-related proteins with diagnostic value were identified. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed a positive correlation between immune-related proteins and the abundance of oncogenic bacteria. In the validation cohort I, a biomarker panel consisting of five fecal immune-related proteins (CAT, LTF, MMP9, RBP4, and SERPINA3) was constructed based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate logistic regression. The biomarker panel was found to be superior to hemoglobin in the diagnosis of CRC in both validation cohort I and validation cohort II. The IHC result showed that protein expression levels of these five immune-related proteins were significantly higher in CRC tissue than in normal colorectal tissue.ConclusionA novel biomarker panel consisting of fecal immune-related proteins can be used for the diagnosis of CRC.

With the development of marine economy, the exploitation of marine resources has gradually changed from single stereo exploitation to multi-layered stereo exploitation, and the intensity and density of exploitation have been increasing, so the marine ecological environment is facing great pressure. In order to alleviate the contradiction between the tension of sea use and the protection of ecological environment and improve the comprehensive benefits of sea use, it is urgent to explore the ecological, intensive, stereo and modern sea use mode. Therefore, the concept of "stereo intensive and ecological sea use" came into being. Through listing the typical cases of the stereo intensive and ecological sea use at home and abroad, the characteristics of sea use were summarized and the future application was discussed in this paper. The stereo, intensive and ecological sea use would bring about the adjustment and reform of the marine management system, which would help China to blaze a coordinated path of high-quality development and high-level protection of marine space in the future.

Abstract Background Which technique, gap balancing or measured resection, can obtain better femoral component alignment and soft tissue balance in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial. This study aimed to determine whether the gap balancing technique using a modified spacer block in TKA can result in better postoperative clinical outcomes than the measured resection technique. Methods A total of 124 patients who underwent consecutive primary TKA between May 2016 and August 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The gap balancing technique assisted by a modified spacer block was used in 61 patients, and the measured resection technique was used in 63 patients. The surgical, imaging and knee function outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results The thickness of the posterior medial condyle bone resection using the modified spacer block tool in gap balancing was significantly larger than that of the MR technique (P = 0.001). Compared with the measured resection group, the gap balancing group had a greater external rotation resection angle of the femur (4.06 ± 1.10° vs. 3.19 ± 0.59°, P

The bay area is a crucial land–sea junction zone containing essential urban clusters while receiving extremely complex internal and external disturbances that challenge more on its resilience management. However, a sound management tool based on the bay area’s resilience is widely lacking due to the difficulty of unifying resilience indicators and quantifying resilience relationships between regions. This paper tries to establish a comprehensive resilience index for coastal bays from four major resilience-related dimensions, namely, physical structure, social development, ecological environment, and hazards, and applies it into the three major developed bay areas in China. A coupling coordination degree model was used to further reveal the resilience development and its internal coordination by temporal and spatial differences. The results show that the index could clearly reveal the resilience changes from the year 2000 to 2020 of the three bays with the common key drivers of socioeconomic development. It also explains the resilience changes among three bay areas through analyzing synergistic and conflict relationships between the four sub-resilience systems.

Aiming at the outstanding problem of concrete durability in cold and arid regions, the Datonghe-Qingwangchuan Diversion Project in Gansu Province, China, was used as a typical research area, and erosion products were determined by field sampling and laboratory XRD analysis. Three durability evaluation indices, namely, the mass loss rate, relative dynamic elastic modulus (RDEM), and compressive strength loss rate, were measured via indoor accelerated testing. Based on grey relational theory, a concrete durability evaluation model was constructed. The critical failure values of the three evaluation indices were introduced as a set of data to optimize the model and determine the grey relational degree of each group of concrete specimens under different working conditions. The results show that using the test results and the optimized grey relational analysis evaluation model, the concrete specimens mixed with an air-entraining agent have strong resistance to composite erosion. The durability of concrete specimens with an air-entraining agent content of 0.016% and fly ash content of 15% is better, and a high content (30%) of fly ash accelerates the damage of concrete specimens. The model calculations are consistent with the test results. This method can solve the problem of the durability of concrete specimens in the whole test cycle not being fully evaluated. The results of the study provide useful references for concrete mix proportion optimization and durability evaluation problems.

The microbial synthesis of carbon-containing compounds from single carbon precursors is desirable, yet designed pathways to achieve this goal overlap with host metabolism. Here the authors design a de novo metabolic pathway to assimilate formaldehyde into acetyl-CoA that does not overlap with known metabolic networks.

Be-Al alloy is a type of in situ metal matrix composite composed of a primary Be phase for strength and stiffness and a continuous Al matrix for ductility and toughness. Be-Al alloy (AlBe-Cast®910) has the characteristics of low density (2.17 g/cm3), high elastic modulus (193 GPa) and specific stiffness (88.94 GPa/(g/cm3)) as a preferred material for lightweight aerospace products. Investment casting technology can be employed to prepare the components with thin-walled complex structures for aerospace; however, the wide solidification range for Be-Al leads to difficulty in feeding a casting and results in extensive shrinkage and porosity in cast parts. In this paper, the characteristics of Be-Al alloy are introduced first. Secondly, the mechanisms of influence of adding elements on the casting process, mechanical properties (strength increases more than 20% by adding elements) and microstructure evolution are explained in detail. In addition, the heat treatment technology (strength increases at least 10% after heat treatment) and the repair of defects by electron beam welding are discussed. Finally, Be-Al alloy is a new type of composite material, and China is a major research and application country; this paper introduces its research status and analyzes existing problems and shortcomings and points out the direction of Be-Al alloy development in China in the next few years.

Plasmonic metal nanoparticles have unique optical properties, such as localized surface plasmon resonance resulting from the oscillation of free electrons. Integrating discrete plasmonic nanoparticle into assembled nanostructures enables interparticle plasmon coupling and collective properties that are often absent in their discrete counterparts. Synthetic polymers as surface ligands on plasmonic nanoparticles can stabilize the nanoparticles, define the surface properties, control the interparticle interactions and therefore direct the nanoparticle self-assembly. Given the length scale of polymers comparable to the size of plasmonic nanoparticles of interest, polymer ligands are promising for precisely controlling the interparticle interaction. Engineering polymer ligands in the terms of their chemical composition, grafting density, anchoring groups and chain lengths is critical to control the assembly nanostructures and plasmon coupling of adjacent nanoparticles. The focus of this perspective is to identify and address the unmet challenges in the field of polymer-grafted plasmonic nanoparticles (PGNPs). Key unresolved issues broadly covered from the design of PGNP building blocks to their self-assembly are illustrated by highlighting a few examples. In views of more robust building blocks, the choice of inexpensive metals, the new anchoring groups and precision control of polymer ligands are discussed. We further consider the challenges in breaking the surface symmetry of plasmonic nanoparticles and designing synthetic polymers to achieve reversibility and directionality in the self-assembly of PGNPs.

The parent–adolescent relationship has been a classic research topic, and researchers have found that parenting styles (e.g., authoritative, authoritarian) are closely related to various qualities of parent-adolescent relationships (e.g., cohesion, conflict). However, little empirical work has addressed how these variables correlate with each other in mainland China, nor has prior research addressed internal psychological mechanisms. The present study investigated the associations between parenting styles and parent–adolescent relationship factors, examined the mediating effects of adolescents’ expectations of behavioral autonomy and beliefs about parental authority, and explored whether adolescent gender moderated these effects. Results from a sample of 633 Chinese adolescents (7th grade: Mage = 13.50 ± 0.62 years, 9th grade: Mage = 15.45 ± 0.67 years, 11th grade: Mage = 17.30 ± 0.75 years) suggested similar levels of parent–adolescent conflict frequency for all parenting styles. However, for parent–adolescent conflict intensity, youth of neglectful and authoritarian parents reported higher levels compared to those with indulgent parents. The highest levels of cohesion with both parents were reported by adolescents with authoritative parents, followed by indulgent, authoritarian and neglect parenting styles. Cohesion with mothers for youth with authoritative or indulgent mothers was higher for girls than boys. Adolescents’ expectation for behavioral autonomy mediated the links between parenting style and conflict, whereas adolescents’ beliefs about the legitimacy of parental authority mediated the links between parenting style and cohesion; some of these mediating effects differed by gender. Findings highlight the importance of studying potential effects of adolescents’ values and attitudes within the family system in specific cultural contexts.

This study aimed to explore an evidence-based nursing practice model of CRF management in hospitalized adult patients using the PARIHS evidence-implementation framework as the theoretical structure to provide guidance for similar nursing practices. The implementation of guideline evidence into clinical practice was conducted on the oncology and radiotherapy wards of a university-affiliated hospital. The process of integrating the guideline into the symptom management system of cancer patients was described. The impact of the evidence implementation was evaluated from three aspects: organizational innovations and outcome measures associated with nurses and with patients pre- and post-evidence implementation. During the implementation of evidence into practice on the wards, a nursing process, health education, a quality control sheet and CRF training courses were established. Through this implementation, compliance with evidence related to CRF increased significantly on the two wards, with that of ward B being higher than that of ward A. Regarding nursing outcomes, nursing knowledge, attitude and behavior scores with respect to CRF nursing care increased substantially after its application on the two wards, and the ward B nurses' scoring was higher than that of the ward A nurses. Qualitative analysis concerning the nurses suggested that leadership, patient concern about CRF management, and the need for professional development were the main motivators of the application, whereas the shortage and mobility of nursing human resources and insufficient communication between doctors and nurses were the main barriers. Additionally, most nurses felt more professional and confident about their work. Regarding patient outcomes, patient knowledge, attitude and behavior scores regarding CRF self-management increased significantly. Patients' post-implementation CRF was alleviated compared with the pre-implementation treatment cycle. The PARIHS framework may provide instructive guidance for the incorporation of evidence into practice, and the process-oriented framework might provide greater operational utility of the application.

BACKGROUND:Intracavitary electrocardiogram (IC ECG) guidance emerges as a new technique for peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) placement and demonstrates many potential advantages in recent observational studies. AIMS:To determine whether IC ECG-guided PICCs provide more accurate positioning of catheter tips compared to conventional anatomical landmarks in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS:In this multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled study (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02409589), a total of 1,007 adult patients were assigned to receive either IC ECG guidance (n = 500) or anatomical landmark guidance (n = 507) for PICC positioning. The confirmative catheter tip positioning x-ray data were centrally interpreted by independent radiologists. All reported analyses in the overall population were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Analyses of pre-specified subgroups and a selected large subpopulation were conducted to explore consistency and accuracy. RESULTS:In the IC ECG-guided group, the first-attempt success rate was 89.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 86.5% to 91.9%), which was significantly higher than 77.4% (95% CI, 73.7% to 81.0%) in the anatomical landmark group (P < 0.0001). This trend of superiority of IC ECG guidance was consistently noted in almost all prespecified patient subgroups and two selected large subpopulations, even when using optimal target rates for measurement. In contrast, the superiority nearly disappeared when PICCs were used via the left instead of right arms (interaction P-value = 0.021). No catheter-related adverse events were reported during the PICC intra-procedures in either group. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings indicated that the IC ECG-guided method had a more favorable positioning accuracy versus traditional anatomical landmarks for PICC placement in adult patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Furthermore, there were no significant safety concerns reported for catheterization using the two techniques.

As an alternative treatment strategy, the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for patients with stage IB3 and IIA2 cervical carcinoma remains uncertain. To address this limitation, this evaluates the pathological outcomes of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with NAC before surgery compared with those who underwent radical hysterectomy (RH) alone. A total of 592 patients with stage IB3 and IIA2 cervical cancer were eligible for this study. They were divided into a NAC group (NAC before surgery, n = 259) and a RH group (radical hysterectomy alone, n = 333). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to eliminate confounding intergroup factors, leading to 233 cases being finally included in the two groups. Patients in the NAC group received 1-3 cycles of nedaplatin plus paclitaxel/docetaxel/irinotecan regimens, followed by surgery 3-5 weeks post-NAC. Patients in the RH group underwent radical hysterectomy after the diagnosis of cervical cancer. Intermediate-risk factors (i.e., lymphovascular space invasion and deep stromal infiltration) and high-risk factors (i.e., lymph node metastasis, positive parametria and positive surgical margin) for the recurrence of LACC were compared between the two groups before and after PSM. The results showed no significant difference in high-risk factors between the NAC and RH groups before and after PSM (p > 0.05). In regard to intermediate-risk factors, a significant difference was observed before PSM in inter-group analysis (lymphovascular space invasion, p = 0.028; deep stromal infiltration, p = 0.011). After PSM, only deep stromal infiltration remained significant, with a decreased incidence observed in the NAC group (p = 0.004). In conclusion, NAC before surgery had minimal impact on highrisk factors and lymphovascular space invasion compared to the RH group. However, we did observe a decrease in deep one-third stromal invasion. These results may be relevant to the decision-making process for postoperative radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]