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A new species of the praying mantis genus Arria Stål, Arria purasp. nov. from southwest China is described and illustrated. An overview, comparison, and distribution data of this tribe are given. A new synonym is created: Sinomiopteryx yunnanensis Xu, 2007 is a junior synonym of Arria pallida (Zhang, 1987). One new combination Arria brevifrons (Wang, 1991) comb. nov. (from Sinomiopteryx Tinkham), is proposed.

Metastasis and malignant proliferation are major obstacles to the treatment of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and UTP14A is associated with poor prognosis in ESCC. However, its mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The TCGA and GEO databases were used to identify candidate target genes and possible downstream targets. Then, the effects were determined in vitro and in vivo through knockdown and overexpression techniques, and the mechanism was explored. UTP14A was significantly higher in the tumour tissue of ESCC patients than in normal tissue. Knockdown of UTP14A significantly suppressed the migration and proliferation of ESCC cells. The PERK/eIF2a signalling pathway was positively regulated by UTP14A, and its tumour-promoting effect was further activated by overexpression of UTP14A. In conclusion, UTP14A might promote the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC cells by inducing PERK/eIF2a signalling pathway expression.

The extent to which the presence of pleural adhesions affects the surgical and oncological outcomes of patients undergoing McKeown minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for esophageal cancer (EC) has not previously been studied.Data of consecutive EC patients undergoing McKeown MIE by a single surgeon in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Daping Hospital from November 2015 to December 2020 were collected. Patients were grouped according to the presence or absence of pleural adhesions when entering the chest cavity. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce selection bias from confounding factors. Kaplan-Meier was used to assess the survival differences.A total of 617 consecutive EC patients underwent McKeown MIE were enrolled. There were 116 patients with pleural adhesions (Group A) and 501 patients without pleural adhesions (Group B). Patients in Group A were more likely to be older than those of patients in Group B: (66.26 vs. 63.27, P = 0.001). In addition, Group A had more patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (24.1% vs. 16.8%, P = 0.04). After propensity score matching (102 matched patients in Group A and 185 matched patients in Group B), these findings were no longer statistically significant. Postoperative pulmonary infection occurred in 57 patients in Group A and in 15 patients in Group B (53.9% vs. 13.0%, P 0.001). In addition, the presence of pleural adhesions was significantly associated with the prolonged operation time (232 min vs. 210 min, P .001), length of stay (12 days vs. 10 days, P = 0.001), and hydrothorax requiring drainage (12.7% vs. 5.4%, P = 0.04). However, the disease-specific survival and disease-free survival rates were comparable between the two groups (P = 0.40 and 0.13, respectively).The presence of pleural adhesions predicted an increased operation time, length of stay, postoperative pneumonia, and hydrothorax requiring drainage of EC patients undergoing McKeown MIE, but did not exert unfavourable effect on long-term survival.

The implementation of McKeown minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is associated with a steep learning curve. However, there is no consensus on the number of cases required before effective and safe McKeown MIE can be achieved.Data on consecutive patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent esophagectomy performed by a single surgeon in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Daping Hospital in Chongqing, China from September 2009 to June 2019 were collected. The cumulative sum learning curve was plotted on the basis of the learning associated parameters. Propensity score matching was used to reduce selection bias from confounding factors. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the survival differences.The learning curve was divided into the ascending period (cases 1-197), the plateau period (198-314), and the descending period (315-onward). After 197 cases, significant improvements in operative time (300 minutes vs 210minutes; P.001), retrieved lymph nodes (17 vs 20; P = .004), hospital length of stay (18 days vs 13 days; P = .001), major postoperative complications (38.6% vs 32.5%; P.001), vocal cord palsy (6.1% vs 0.9%; P = .04), and pulmonary complications (31.5% vs 17.1%; P = .005) were observed. In addition, after 314 cases, significant decreases in blood loss (200 mL vs 100 mL; P.001), anastomotic leak (24.8% vs 14.8%; P = .02), and chylothorax (4.3% vs 0%; P = .001) were observed. After propensity score matching, the overall and disease-free survival rates were significantly improved during the experienced period (P = .02 and .03, respectively).The initial learning phase of McKeown MIE consisted of 197 procedures in 51 months. Moreover, the surgeon's experience did have a direct impact on the long-term outcomes in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is reported to be a potential prognostic predictor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients.To investigate the prognostic value of LVI in ESCC node-negative patients after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE).1406 consecutive ESCC patients who underwent MIE were reviewed retrospectively. After exclusion, 880 patients were enrolled, and 298 node-negative patients were used for the further analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to examine the survival difference. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic predictors.LVI was observed in 29.4% of all patients. Totally, the proportion of LVI was increased with advanced T (p0.01) and N (p0.01) stage and poor tumor differentiation (p0.01). In the node-negative patients, a similar result was obtained in T stage (p = 0.0252) and tumor differentiation (p = 0.0080). In survival analysis, the disease-specific survival (DSS) (p = 0.0146) rate was significantly lower in node-negative patients with LVI than in those without. The difference was absent when calculating disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.0796). Additionally, the presence of LVI was associated with lower DSS (p = 0.0187) but not DFS (p = 0.0785) in univariate analysis in node-negative patients. Moreover, in multivariate Cox regression analysis, the presence of LVI was identified as an independent prognostic factor only in DSS (p = 0.0496) but not in DFS (p = 0.5670) in node-negative patients.LVI is associated with shorter DSS and an independent prognostic factor in ESCC node-negative patients after MIE.

Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers lacking valid prognostic biomarkers. As an essential component of a large ribonucleoprotein complex, U Three Protein 14a (UTP14a) might play important roles in human tumorigenesis. However, the clinical significance and functions of UTP14a in ESCC still remain unclear. Methods From September 2009 to August 2015, 210 patients with ESCC of the thoracic esophagus underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy in our institute. The corresponding 210 tissue samples and 30 cancer-distant mucosa (CDM) samples were tested for UTP14a expression by immunohistochemical staining. The long-term survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. CCK8, cell colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell invasion, and wound healing assays were carried out with ECA109 cells to evaluate the effects of UTP14a on ESCC in vitro. Results UTP14a was positively expressed in 88.1% (185/210) of the ESCC samples. UTP14a expression in ESCC was significantly higher than in CDM, as further confirmed by Western blot analysis. High expression of UTP14a in ESCC correlated significantly with tumor invasive depth (pT stage), which predicts poor disease-free survival and disease-specific survival, as indicated by the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Additionally, our in vitro experiments further demonstrated that knockdown of UTP14a inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in ECA109 cells. Conclusions Our results suggest that UTP14a is aberrantly expressed in ESCC, plays a critical role in cancer progression and could be a potential prognosis predictor of ESCC.

Background Several immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), represented by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies, have been approved for treatment of various malignant tumors (including advanced esophageal cancer) worldwide, and previous studies confirmed that they can significantly improve overall survival.1 However, there has been limited research on the use of ICIs as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with esophageal cancer. Toripalimab is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that targets PD-1. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of toripalimab plus chemotherapy as a neoadjuvant therapy regimen for treatment of patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods This single-arm, single-center study enrolled patients with ESCC at clinical stage T2-T4/N0-N2/M0, who were eligible for radical resection and regional lymph node dissection. The patients received 2–3 cycles of toripalimab (240 mg d1, Q3W) in combination with nab-paclitaxel (260 mg/m2 d1, Q3W) and carboplatin (AUC=5 d1, Q3W) before surgery. Preoperative evaluation was performed within 4 weeks after the last administration of chemotherapy. The primary endpoints were pathologic complete response (PCR) and major pathologic response (MPR), and the secondary endpoints were safety and feasibility of the neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Results Seventeen patients diagnosed with ESCC at a pre-treatment clinical stage of T2-T4/N0-N2/M0 were included. After neoadjuvant therapy, 15 of 17 patients (88.2%) experienced downstaging and met the surgical criteria. Twelve patients (80.0%) underwent surgery without delay and 3 patients (20.0%) refused surgery. The tumors were completely removed in all 12 patients (R0 resection rate: 100%). Seven patients (58.3%) achieved MPR and 2 (16.7%) achieved PCR. The median post-surgical follow-up time was 4.5 months, and there were no recurrences. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of the neoadjuvant therapy were tolerable. Grade 3 or higher TRAEs occurred in 2 patients (11.8%), but these did not delay surgery. Conclusions Toripalimab in combination with chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy showed promising anti-tumor activity with acceptable tolerance for locally advanced ESCC, as demonstrated by reducing the tumor burden, improving the R0 resection rate, reducing the postoperative recurrence rate, and no delays in surgery. Acknowledgements N/A Ethics Approval This study was approved by the Ethics Board of the Army Medical center of the PLA, approval number 142(2018). Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this abstract and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal. Reference Wu X, Gu Z, Chen Y, et al. Application of PD-1 blockade in cancer immunotherapy. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019;17:661–674.

Summary There is growing focus on the relationship between surgical start time and postoperative outcomes. However, the extent to which the operation start time affects the surgical and oncological outcomes of patients undergoing esophagectomy has not previously been studied. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the potential effect of surgical start time on the short- and long-term outcomes for patients who underwent thoracoscopic–laparoscopic McKeown esophagectomy. From September 2009 to June 2019, a total of 700 consecutive patients suffering from esophageal cancer underwent thoracoscopic–laparoscopic McKeown esophagectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Daping Hospital. Among these patients, 166 esophagectomies were performed on the same day and were classified as the first- or second-start group. Patients in the first-start group were more likely to be older than those in the second-start group: (64.73 vs. 61.28, P = 0.002). In addition, patients with diabetes mellitus were more likely to be first-start cases (8.4 vs. 1.2%). After propensity score matching (52 matched patients in first-start cases and 52 matched patients in second-start cases), these findings were no longer statistically significant. There was no difference in the incidence rate of peri- or postoperative adverse events between the first- and second-start groups. The disease-specific survival rates and disease-free survival rates were comparable between the two groups (P = 0.236 and 0.292, respectively). On the basis of the present results, a later start time does not negatively affect the short- or long-term outcomes of patients undergoing minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy.

In this paper, a new idea is put forward under the background that static high voltage DC power is commonly used to replace lightning in the femtosecond laser-guided lightning simulation experiment. We use a single chip microcomputer as the controller to generate controllable Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) wave signal,then through PWM control high voltage.So controllable high voltage in the femtosecond laser-guided lightning simulation experiment is formed by the method of weak voltage(namely PWM) controlling high voltage. In the experiment, the period and duty ratio of PWM output by the single-chip microcomputer are indirectly controlled by controlling the internal timer counter A, optocoupler and SCR are used as the safe isolation module between high and weak voltage. The experimental results show that the controllable high voltage in the femtosecond laser-induced high voltage discharge experiment can be easily and effectively obtained by adding a controller to control. At the same time, it can help us to analyze the influence of the different high voltages on the experimental parameters of femtosecond laser guided high voltage discharge.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Arria pallida is 16,240 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNAs), a control region (D-loop), and 22 transfer RNA (tRNAs). The phylogenetic analysis included 18 species within 10 families of Mantodea using maximum likelihood (ML) method. The result showed that A. pallida is sister to Haania sp., both of which form a sister clade with Caliris sp.

Chylothorax remains a challenging and potentially life-threatening postoperative complication after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). The effect of intraoperative prophylactic thoracic duct ligation on preventing postoperative chylothorax still remains controversial. Moreover, the potential impact of thoracic duct ligation on long-term outcome after MIE has not been well established. From September 2009 to July 2018, a total of 600 consecutive patients suffering from thoracic esophageal cancer who underwent thoracoscopic–laparoscopic McKeown esophagectomy in the Department of Thoracic surgery at Daping hospital were eligible. Among them, 559 patients received esophagectomy with preventive thoracic duct ligation and 41 patients did not. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to improve comparability between the two groups. Log-rank test was used to assess the survival differences between groups. Postoperative chylothorax occurred in five patients in the preservation group (PG) and in seven patients in the ligation group (LG) (12.2% vs. 1.3%, P = 0.001). The median age of the patients in the preservation group (PG) was 57.78 (range, 37–76) years, while the median age in the ligation group (LG) was 62.75 (range, 39–87) years. The PG had more patients with tumor located in middle thoracic esophagus and stage T3 than LG, 82.9% vs. 55.6%, 70.7% vs. 45.6%, respectively. After PSM (40 matched patients in PG and 134 in LG), there was no significant between-group difference with respect to age, tumor location, and T stage. The median survival times for patients in the PG and LG were 69.5 months (95% interval confidence, CI 54.6–84.3) and 65.2 months (95% CI 56.3–74.1), respectively (P = 0.977). The 5-year survival rates were comparable between PG and LG (54.9% vs. 54.4%, P = 0.977). On the basis of the present results, routine thoracic duct ligation during minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy for cancer is an effective and safe method for prevention of postoperative chylothorax, and does not exert unfavourable effect on long-term survival.

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) is one of the most aggressive and poor prognosis cancers. To date, no standard procedures have been established for the surgical treatment of Siewert type II. In this study, we proposed the approach of thoracoscopic-laparoscopic Ivor-Lewis surgery plus D2 celiac lymphadenectomy (TLILD2) and aimed to investigate the patterns of lymph node metastasis and long-term survival. From June 2015 to June 2018, 72 patients accepted TLILD2 and enrolled in this study. Relevant patient characteristics and postoperative variables were collected and evaluated. The disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were determined by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by log-rank tests. There was no case of postoperative death in this study, and the most common complication was anastomotic mediastinal fistula (5/72, 6.9%). A total of 2811 lymph nodes were retrieved, and the positivity rate was 11.9% (334/2811). The positivity rate of celiac and mediastinal lymph nodes was 14.4% (314/2186) and 3.2% (20/625), respectively. The percentage of patients who had positive celiac and mediastinal lymph nodes reached up to 58.3% (42/72) and 8.3% (6/72), respectively. The DFS and DSS of these 72 patients were 94% and 93.4% at 1 year after surgery and 59.8% and 62% at 3 years after surgery, respectively. The pTNM stage showed a significant difference between DFS and DSS. TLILD2 could be a potential way to promote long-term survival of AEG patients. On the basis of the patterns of lymph nodes metastasis, we suggest that lower mediastinal and D2 celiac lymphadenectomy is necessary to improve the oncological outcome.

SOFC laid in complicated Marine environment, are extremely vulnerable to all kinds of external factors, and anchor damage is the biggest threat to submarine cable communication. In order to overcome the limitations of existing SOFC monitoring technology, the double M-Z distributed optical fiber sensing technology is selected to apply in on-line monitoring of SOFC, and the monitoring system is designed both in software and hardware. The optimization scheme of being in conjunction with monitoring and control system of SOFC is put forward in anticipation of the possible problem of false alarm in the future application of the monitoring system.

It is imminent to establish an early-warning SOFC monitoring system for anchor damage, the gravest threat to the SOFC communication, while the key to build the monitoring system is to correctly grasp anchor the response law of embedded submarine cable caused by anchor impact; ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to perform the finite element analysis of SOFC and make the length-shape variables differences between signal fiber and reference fiber caused by anchor impact clearly, besides, combining with the sensing model of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system, the current wave is acquired, based on what the monitoring system warn the anchoring incidents near the submarine route, which is significant to guide the design of forecasting monitoring system of SOFC.

The necessity and advantages of the multi-sensor’s application in information fusion is analyzed on the basis of that multi-sensor information fusion technology has been widely applied in the monitoring and control system of seafloor observatory network. and the structural model of fusion system based on the distributed filtering scheme is presented. Decentralized kalman filtering is proposed to solve the fusion structure model of the system, and the information fusion algorithm based on kalman filtering is discussed in depth. And the research findings of Kalman filtering in information fusion are tested with Mat lab. Simulation shows that system design can integrate the lowest layer of sensor signals quickly and accurately, giving helps for decision making.

The aim of this study is to summarize the causes and implications of intraoperative conversion from minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) to open thoracotomy, and to evaluate the effect on long-term survival. There were 293 thoracoscopic esophagectomies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) of the thoracic esophagus performed by the authors from September 2009 to August 2015. Totally, 257 patients were enrolled in this study. These patients were divided into two groups (those underwent complete MIE and those converted to open thoracotomy) and then compared. A standardized preoperative evaluation, as well as a postoperative method of following at a regular frequency were adopted for all of these patients. The clinicopathologic characteristics and the perioperative variables were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. And the Kaplan–Meier method was used to compare survival differences. There were 231 patients (89.9%) underwent successful thoracoscopic esophagectomy (Group 1), and 26 cases (10.1%) required conversion to open procedure (Group 2). The majority of conversion (73.1%, 19/26) occurred in the initial 100 cases. No significant difference in background or clinicopathologic factors between the two groups was observed, but patients in Group 2 had significantly longer operative time and more operative blood loss. Among the 26 patients of Group 2, there were nine cases that need emergent conversion for various reasons. And the most common cause for emergent conversion was intraoperative bleeding. Univariate and multivariate analyses all demonstrated that intraoperative conversion did not significantly influence the overall or recurrence-free survival of these patients. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis indicated that intraoperative conversion did not significantly influence the OS and RFS rate of these patients. Our results demonstrated that the intraoperative conversion did not affect the long-term survival of patients underwent MIE for ESCC.

In patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), pathologic examination allows T2 tumors to be further subclassified according to whether the circular or longitudinal muscle layers are invaded. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether subclassifying the T2 stages can aid in determining the prognosis for patients with ESCC. The clinical and pathologic characteristics of 85 ESCC patients with T2 tumors who underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to compare survival differences with respect to each prognostic factor. Thirty-nine patients had tumors invading the circular muscle layer and were designated as having T2a disease. The remaining 46 patients had T2b disease, with tumors invading the longitudinal muscle layer. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 96.1, 53.8, and 36.4 %, respectively, with a median survival of 39.0 months. Univariate analysis indicated that sex, smoking history, grade, location, and tumor length did not significantly influence on survival. Only T stage (P = 0.017) and N stage (P = 0.003) were associated with survival. The results of multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that T stage (P = 0.045) and N stage (P = 0.003) were independent prognostic factors. N stage and subclassified T stage are independent prognostic factors in patients with T2 tumors. Therefore, we concluded that T2 tumors can be subclassified further into T2a and T2b stages, and patients with different T2 stages may have different prognoses.

The main factor, anchor damage, leading to the faults of submarine optical fiber cables (SOFC) were analyzed, and the significance of the research was illuminated on the anchor holding process. Also, the force situation of the anchor holding process was analyzed quantitatively under some assumptions; subsoil vibration characteristics caused by the anchor were analyst with mathematical modeling.

This paper first analyses the requirements of submarine optical fiber cable (SOFC) maintenance detection, then analyses the principle of the existing maintenance detection technology and these limitations briefly. On the basis of this, introduces SOFC detection system by synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) which is produced by Army research center of SOFC technology, and puts forward a new type of SOFC detection systeminterferometric synthetic aperture sonar (InSAS) detection system, analyzes its feasibility and advantage for detecting SOFC, and points out existing problems and future research direction.

In this paper, the main factors influencing the reliability of submarine optical fiber cables (SOFC) are analyzed, and the significance of the research on real-time monitoring technology of SOFC is illuminated. Also, the principle of distributed double Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) interference vibration sensing system is discussed. Then, the feasibility of the system applied in pre-warning and fault location of SOFC is verified. In view of the main problems of the optical fiber vibration sensing system, two optimization schemes are presented in this paper to improve the performance of the system.

The high-voltage live working robot is a special-type robot developed recently and has a huge potential for development due to the complexity and diversity of tasks as well as the demanding and dangerous operating environment. The application of virtual reality technology in the robot field enables the complex movements to be reproduced in the virtual simulation system, which could either test the rationality of robots structural design, or train the operators. To solve this problem, the 3D simulation system of high-voltage live working robot is designed and developed to provide a virtual research platform for the R & D personnel to study robot manipulator motion as well as the virtual training platform for robot operators.

A cross-sensor calibration technique is developed and applied to improve upon the prelaunch radiance calibration and characterization for the Total Ozone Unit (TOU) onboard the FengYun-3/A satellite. The Level 3 products from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) onboard the Earth Observing System Aura are used as input to a radiative transfer model to predict the TOU radiances and characterize the biases for the measurements over the Pacific Ocean in low- and midlatitudes. The coefficients are derived from a regression algorithm to adjust the TOU radiances. It is shown that, after the measurement bias correction, the biases between the retrieved total column ozone products from the TOU with those from the OMI Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS)-Version 8 products and those from a set of ground-based station measurements are 3 % and 5% , respectively. The variations in the estimated total ozone amounts from the TOU are consistent with those derived from Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Radiometer instruments and OMI for a period from January 2010 to February 2011.

Considering fluctuant dark count rate in practical quantum key distribution (QKD) system, a new decoy-state method with one vacuum state and one weak decoy state is presented based on a heralded single photon source (HSPS). The method assumes that the dark count rate of each pulse is random and independent. The lower bound of the count rate and the upper bound of the error rate of a single photon state are estimated. The method is applied to the decoy-state QKD system with and without the fluctuation of dark count rate. Because the estimation of the upper bound of a single photon state’s error rate is stricter, the method can obtain better performance than the existing methods under the same condition of implementation.

We analyze the variations of AE-D's perigee altitudes, the corresponding atmospheric expansion and the density distributions. At same heights but over areas of different latitudes, the density of the lower thermosphere is more intense at low latitude than that at high latitude. So does the satellite drag. Therefore, the perigee is lower at low latitude and it is lower on day than at night. Besides, the data of n(He) observed at perigees are used to roughly estimate the altitudes of the turbopause Zt and their variations according the two distinct vertical distributions of atmospheric compositions in low and upper atmospheres: the homogeneous mixing and the diffusive separation. The results show that Zt is almost not related to latitude at high latitude areas, while its response to the magnetic storm is very clear. On the other hand, at middle and low latitudes Zt increases as the latitude decreases, and the value of Zt is larger on day than at night.

Using neutral atmospheric data from the satellite AE-D, number density ratios of n(He)/n(N2), n(O)/n(N2) and n(Ar)/n(N2), and their variations during magnetic storms in November, 1975 are analyzed. The results indicate that the response of atmospheric compositions to the geomagnetic heating is basically coincided with that expected from related theory. The lifting of the neutral atmosphere with higher proportion of heavier compositions (such as N2 and Ar) will lead to a relative decreasing of the concentration of lighter compositions (such as He and O), meanwhile the volume percentage of heavier ones will increase largely. During strong storms, the ratio of n(He)/n(N2) decreases larger than one order of magnitude at 140-160 km and the value of n(Ar)/n(N2) increases more evidently, as compared with that during magnetic quiet days. The variation amplitude of the ratios varies with altitude, but their developing tendencies as function of storm time are keeping similar at different heights.

By using a full-implicit-continuous-Eulerian (FICE) scheme, a two-dimensional numerical model for describing nonlinear propagation of a gravity wave in the compressible and non-isothermal atmosphere is established. The result shows that gravity waves excited by tropopause forcing can propagate stably to the mesosphere through the stratosphere so that energy and momentum can be transferred from one region to another. In this process, the gravity wave undergoes growth, overturning, convection and breaking. The breaking of a gravity wave is an important source of convection and small-scale waves, and convective instability and overturn is a nonlinear phenomenon. It can be inferred that the perturbing source directly affects the propagation of nonlinear gravity waves. When the source is small enough to allow a gravity wave to propagate stably, large amplitude forcing can accelerate the breaking of the gravity wave.

The influence of gravity waves on photochemical heating in the mesopause region is studied in this paper. The results indicate that gravity waves can cause a loss of photochemical heating in the region of the mesopause. The influences of the variation of background temperature and of atomic oxygen density on the loss of photochemical heating induced by gravity waves are discussed. The results indicate that, as background temperature decreases, or as the background atomic oxygen density increases, the gravity wave induced loss of photochemical heating increases and the ratio between it and the background photochemical heating rate also increases.

The global occurrence of cirrus clouds can reach as high as 30%, whose scattering properties are essential impact on the climatic model, radiative transfer, and remote sensing. Their scattering properties are determined by the ice crystal shape, size distribution, refractive index and so on. Retrieval of the backscattering color ratios of cirrus cloud using a 355, 532 and 1 064 nm three-wavelength lidar, combined with the simulation of the three backscattering color ratios of different ice crystal shape, the shape of the lidar-measured ice crystal can be estimated. The results indicate that the shape of cirrus cloud over Hefei city is mostly composed by aggregates.

To study the clinical features and antimicrobial resistance of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in infants.The clinical data of 65 infants with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae between 2007 and 2011 were retrospectively studied.Of the 65 infants, 37 cases (57%) were aged ≤3 months, 17 cases (26%) over 4 months, 7 cases (11%) over 7 months and 4 cases (6%) between 13 and 24 months. There were no significant differences in clinical manifestations and chest X-ray features between the infants with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and those with other bacterial pneumonia. Forty strains (62%) of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected. Klebsiella pneumoniae was 100% sensitive to imipenem, meropenem and amikacin but resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins. The resistance rates of ESBLs-producing strains to penicillins, cephalosporins, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, compound sulfamethoxazole, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin and aztreonam were significantly higher than for non-ESBLs-producing strains. ESBLs-producing strains also showed multiple-drug resistance.Community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae is common in infants aged ≤3 months. ESBLs-producing strains are prevalent in community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and demonstrate both high rates of drug resistance and multiple-drug resistance.

The central tube submarine optical fiber cables (SOFC) with double armors are recommended to lay in shallow water. However, they are often damaged by external aggression. The finite element method (FEM) models of two cable types, which are double-armored cable and single armored cable with two inner armors, are proposed in this paper. Crush and snag resistance performance of the cables are compared and analyzed. The distortion and strain of cable's tube core are simulated by the FEM model. Simulation results verified that the performance of inner armored cable is better than that of double armored cable.

To study the expression and significance of RABEX-5 and RAB5 in human breast cancer.In this study the expression of RABEX-5 and RAB5 mRNA and protein was detected by Immunohistochemical techniques, the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assay in 60 cases of breast cancer, 15 cases of breast fibroadenomas and 15 cases of normal breast tissue. The relationship of RABEX-5, RAB5 and the clinic pathological features was also analyzed.Expression of RABEX-5 and RAB5 in breast cancer was obviously higher than that in breast fibroadenomas and normal breast tissue (P0.05). RABEX-5 and RAB5 expression level in tumor diameter (T)5 cm group of human breast cancer was obviously higher than that in Tor =2 cm and 2Tor =5 cm group (P0.05). RABEX-5 and RAB5 expression level in axillary lymph node positive group was obviously higher than that in negative group (P0.05). However, there were no significant differences of RABEX-5 and RAB5 levels between HER-2 (+) group and HER-2 (-) group (P0.05), ER (-) group and ER (+) group (P0.05), PR (-) group and PR (+) group (P0.05), and in histological grade I, II and III, there also were no significant differences of RABEX-5 and RAB5 levels. The expression of RABEX-5 is correlated with RAB5 in both mRNA and protein level.RABEX-5 and RAB5 may be involved in the development of breast cancer metastasis.

This is a simple underwater wireless communication system.In this system, land-based unit send radio waves to an underwater submarine model, and the underwater submarine model send commands by infra-red to the land-based motor unit to control the floating and submerged of the submarine. This system is centering on MCU(MSP430), respectively, achieving the signal generation, processing and automatic control of the motor. After testing, 5m in the area land-based unit can accurately control the completion of the submarine model, and real-time display the model the depth and speed, of the submarine exercise, has established a good man-machine interface.