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To explore the periphytic algae community structure in the Yangtze River basin, samples were collected from 130 sampling sites, including the source to the estuary along the mainstream of the Yangtze River, eight primary tributaries, and the tributary of the Three Gorges area. The periphytic algae densities of different areas in the mainstream of the Yangtze River ranked from high to low were the upstream area, source area, middle and lower area, and the Jinsha River. The high periphytic algae density in the upstream area was associated with the shift in nutrition level, and the high periphytic algae density in the source area was associated with human activity. The spatial pattern of the periphytic algae community in the whole main stream from west to east presented the alternating dominance of Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta; the Bacillariophyta (

To explore the bacterioplankton community structure in the Yangtze River basin, water samples were collected from 177 sampling sites, including the source to the estuary along the mainstream of the Yangtze River, eight primary tributaries, and several lakes and reservoirs. The 16S rRNA genes were used to explore the bacterioplankton communities based on single molecule real-time sequencing, with the aim to study the diversity and community characteristics in a border sampling area and higher species annotation accuracy. Based on

The recycling of lost phosphorus (P) is important in sustainable development. In line with this objective, biochar adsorption is a promising method of P recovery. Therefore, our study investigates the efficiency and selectivity of magnesium modified corn biochar (Mg/biochar) in relation to P adsorption. It also examines the available P derived from postsorption Mg/biochar. Mg/biochar is rich in magnesium nanoparticles and organic functional groups, and it can adsorb 90% of the equilibrium amount of P within 30 min. The Mg/biochar P adsorption process is mainly controlled by chemical action. The maximum P adsorption amount of Mg/biochar is 239 mg/g. The Langmuir-Freundlich model fits the P adsorption isotherm best. Thermodynamics calculation shows ∆H > 0, ∆G < 0, ∆S > 0, and it demonstrates the P adsorption process is an endothermic, spontaneous, and increasingly disordered. The optimal pH is 9. The amounts of P adsorbed by Mg/B300, Mg/B450, and Mg/B600 from swine wastewater are lower than that adsorbed from synthetic P wastewater by 6.6%, 4.8%, and 4.2%, respectively. Mg/biochar is more resistant to pH and to the influence of coexisting ions than biochar. Finally, postsorption Mg/biochar can release P persistently. The P release equilibrium concentrations are ordered as follows: Mg/B600 > Mg/B450 > Mg/B300. The postsorption Mg/B300, Mg/B450, and Mg/B600 can release 3.3%, 3.9%, and 4.4% of the total adsorbed P, respectively, per interval time.

The spreading and escape widths of giant resonances are evaluated by considering damped particle and hole propagation in the nucleus. The magnitude and averaged A-dependence of the isoscalar quadrupole resonance widths are reproduced qualitatively when the nucleon optical potential, fit globally to low-energy scattering, is used to damp nucleon motion. Contributions from hole state widths and from vertex corrections increase and decrease the giant resonance widths, respectively. Qualitative agreement with experimental widths is shown for 16 O , 40 Ca and 208 Pb . Comparison with recent calculations within continuum RPA is made.