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1,370 results on '"Ying, Rui"'

1. Simple but Effective Compound Geometric Operations for Temporal Knowledge Graph Completion

Author

Ying, Rui, Hu, Mengting, Wu, Jianfeng, Xie, Yalan, Liu, Xiaoyi, Wang, Zhunheng, Jiang, Ming, Gao, Hang, Zhang, Linlin, and Cheng, Renhong

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Temporal knowledge graph completion aims to infer the missing facts in temporal knowledge graphs. Current approaches usually embed factual knowledge into continuous vector space and apply geometric operations to learn potential patterns in temporal knowledge graphs. However, these methods only adopt a single operation, which may have limitations in capturing the complex temporal dynamics present in temporal knowledge graphs. Therefore, we propose a simple but effective method, i.e. TCompoundE, which is specially designed with two geometric operations, including time-specific and relation-specific operations. We provide mathematical proofs to demonstrate the ability of TCompoundE to encode various relation patterns. Experimental results show that our proposed model significantly outperforms existing temporal knowledge graph embedding models. Our code is available at https://github.com/nk-ruiying/TCompoundE.

Published
2024

10. Reinforcement Learning Tutor Better Supported Lower Performers in a Math Task

Author

Ruan, Sherry, Nie, Allen, Steenbergen, William, He, Jiayu, Zhang, JQ, Guo, Meng, Liu, Yao, Nguyen, Kyle Dang, Wang, Catherine Y, Ying, Rui, Landay, James A, and Brunskill, Emma

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Resource limitations make it hard to provide all students with one of the most effective educational interventions: personalized instruction. Reinforcement learning could be a key tool to reduce the development cost and improve the effectiveness of intelligent tutoring software that aims to provide the right support, at the right time, to a student. Here we illustrate that deep reinforcement learning can be used to provide adaptive pedagogical support to students learning about the concept of volume in a narrative storyline software. Using explainable artificial intelligence tools, we extracted interpretable insights about the pedagogical policy learned and demonstrated that the resulting policy had similar performance in a different student population. Most importantly, in both studies, the reinforcement-learning narrative system had the largest benefit for those students with the lowest initial pretest scores, suggesting the opportunity for AI to adapt and provide support for those most in need., Comment: 23 pages. Under review

Published
2023

14. Direct Identification of O─O Bond Formation Through Three‐Step Oxidation During Water Splitting by Operando Soft X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Author

Yu‐Cheng Huang, Yujie Wu, Ying‐Rui Lu, Jeng‐Lung Chen, Hong‐Ji Lin, Chien‐Te Chen, Chi‐Liang Chen, Chao Jing, Jing Zhou, Linjuan Zhang, Yanyong Wang, Wu‐Ching Chou, Shuangyin Wang, Zhiwei Hu, and Chung‐Li Dong

Subjects
conjugated chromium oxalate Anions [Cr(C2O4)3]3−, Layered Double Hydroxides, Operando soft X‐ray Spectroscopy, Oxygen Evolution Reaction, Oxyhydroxide, Science
Abstract

Abstract Anionic redox allows the direct formation of O─O bonds from lattice oxygens and provides higher catalytic in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) than does the conventional metal ion mechanism. While previous theories have predicted and experiments have suggested the possible O─O bond, it has not yet been directly observed in the OER process. In this study, operando soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (sXAS) at the O K‐edge and the operando Raman spectra is performed on layered double CoFe hydroxides (LDHs) after intercalation with [Cr(C2O4)3]3−, and revealed a three‐step oxidation process, staring from Co2+ to Co3+, further to Co4+ (3d6L), and ultimately leading to the formation of O─O bonds and O2 evolution above a threshold voltage (1.4 V). In contrast, a gradual oxidation of Fe is observed in CoFe LDHs. The OER activity exhibits a significant enhancement, with the overpotential decreasing from 300 to 248 mV at 10 mA cm−2, following the intercalation of [Cr(C2O4)3]3− into CoFe LDHs, underscoring a crucial role of anionic redox in facilitating water splitting.

Published
2024
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25. Stabilizing ruthenium dioxide with cation-anchored sulfate for durable oxygen evolution in proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Author

Yanrong Xue, Jiwu Zhao, Liang Huang, Ying-Rui Lu, Abdul Malek, Ge Gao, Zhongbin Zhuang, Dingsheng Wang, Cafer T. Yavuz, and Xu Lu

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Ruthenium dioxide is the most promising alternative to the prevailing but expensive iridium-based catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers. However, the under-coordinated lattice oxygen of ruthenium dioxide is prone to over-oxidation, and oxygen vacancies are formed at high oxidation potentials under acidic corrosive conditions. Consequently, ruthenium atoms adjacent to oxygen vacancies are oxidized into soluble high-valence derivatives, causing the collapse of the ruthenium dioxide crystal structure and leading to its poor stability. Here, we report an oxyanion protection strategy to prevent the formation of oxygen vacancies on the ruthenium dioxide surface by forming coordination-saturated lattice oxygen. Combining density functional theory calculations, electrochemical measurements, and a suite of operando spectroscopies, we showcase that barium-anchored sulfate can greatly impede ruthenium loss and extend the lifetime of ruthenium-based catalysts during acidic oxygen evolution, while maintaining the activity. This work paves a new way for designing stable and active anode catalysts toward acidic water splitting.

Published
2023
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28. Paired Ru-O-Mo ensemble for efficient and stable alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

Author

Li, HuangJingWei, Liu, Kang, Fu, Junwei, Chen, Kejun, Yang, Kexin, Lin, Yiyang, Yang, Baopeng, Wang, Qiyou, Pan, Hao, Cai, Zhoujun, Li, Hongmei, Cao, Maoqi, Hu, Junhua, Lu, Ying-Rui, Chan, Ting-Shan, Cortés, Emiliano, Fratalocchi, Andrea, and Liu, Min

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media is a promising electrochemical energy conversion strategy. Ruthenium (Ru) is an efficient catalyst with a desirable cost for HER, however, the sluggish H2O dissociation process, due to the low H2O adsorption on its surface, currently hampers the performances of this catalyst in alkaline HER. Herein, we demonstrate that the H2O adsorption improves significantly by the construction of Ru-O-Mo sites. We prepared Ru/MoO2 catalysts with Ru-O-Mo sites through a facile thermal treatment process and assessed the creation of Ru-O-Mo interfaces by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). By using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and H2O adsorption tests, we proved Ru-O-Mo sites have tenfold stronger H2O adsorption ability than that of Ru catalyst. The catalysts with Ru-O-Mo sites exhibited a state-of-the-art overpotential of 16 mV at 10 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte, demonstrating a threefold reduction than the previous bests of Ru (59 mV) and commercial Pt (31 mV) catalysts. We proved the stability of these performances over 40 hours without decline. These results could open a new path for designing efficient and stable catalysts.

Published
2021
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29. Tuning the intermediate reaction barriers by CuPd catalyst to improve the selectivity of electroreduction CO2 to C2 products

Author

Zhu, Li, Lin, Yiyang, Liu, Kang, Cortés, Emiliano, Li, Hongmei, Hu, Junhua, Yamaguchi, Akira, Lu, Ying-Rui, Chan, Ting-Shan, Liu, Xiaoliang, Miyauchi, Masahiro, Fu, Junwei, and Liu, Min

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

Electrochemical CO2 reduction is a promising strategy for utilization of CO2 and intermittent excess electricity. Cu is the only single-metal catalyst that can electrochemically convert CO2 to multi-carbon products. However, Cu has an undesirable selectivity and activity for C2 products, due to its insufficient amount of CO* for C-C coupling. Considering the strong CO2 adsorption and ultra-fast reaction kinetics of CO* formation on Pd, an intimate CuPd(100) interface was designed to lower the intermediate reaction barriers and then improve the efficiency of C2 products. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that the CuPd(100) interface has enhanced CO2 adsorption and decreased CO2* hydrogenation energy barrier, which are beneficial for C-C coupling. The potential-determining step (PDS) barrier of CO2 to C2 products on CuPd(100) interface is 0.61 eV, which is lower than that on Cu(100) (0.72 eV). Motivated by the DFT calculation, the CuPd(100) interface catalyst was prepared by a facile chemical solution method and demonstrated by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The CO2 temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD) and gas sensor experiments proved the enhancements of CO2 adsorption and CO2* hydrogenation abilities on CuPd(100) interface catalyst. As a result, the obtained CuPd(100) interface catalyst exhibits a C2 Faradaic efficiency of 50.3 (+/-) 1.2% at -1.4 VRHE in 0.1 M KHCO3, which is 2.1 times higher than 23.6(+/-) 1.5% of Cu catalyst. This work provides a rational design of Cu-based electrocatalyst for multi-carbon products by fine-tuning the intermediate reaction barriers.

Published
2021
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30. Ferromagnetic single-atom spin catalyst for boosting water splitting

Author

Sun, Tao, Tang, Zhiyuan, Zang, Wenjie, Li, Zejun, Li, Jing, Li, Zhihao, Cao, Liang, Dominic Rodriguez, Jan Sebastian, Mariano, Carl Osby M., Xu, Haomin, Lyu, Pin, Hai, Xiao, Lin, Huihui, Sheng, Xiaoyu, Shi, Jiwei, Zheng, Yi, Lu, Ying-Rui, He, Qian, Chen, Jingsheng, Novoselov, Kostya S., Chuang, Cheng-Hao, Xi, Shibo, Luo, Xin, and Lu, Jiong

Published
2023
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39. Effects of nanoscale zinc oxide treatment on growth, rhizosphere microbiota, and metabolism of Aconitum carmichaelii

Author

Cun Chen, Yu-yang Zhao, Duo Wang, Ying-hong Ren, Hong-ling Liu, Ye Tian, Yue-fei Geng, Ying-rui Tang, and Xing-fu Chen

Subjects
ZnO NPs, Aconitum carmichaelii, Alkaloid, Rhizosphere microorganism, Plant metabolome, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Trace elements play a crucial role in the growth and bioactive substance content of medicinal plants, but their utilization efficiency in soil is often low. In this study, soil and Aconitum carmichaelii samples were collected and measured from 22 different locations, followed by an analysis of the relationship between trace elements and the yield and alkaloid content of the plants. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between zinc, trace elements in the soil, and the yield and alkaloid content of A. carmichaelii. Subsequent treatment of A. carmichaelii with both bulk zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) demonstrated that the use of ZnO NPs significantly enhanced plant growth and monoester-type alkaloid content. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects, metabolomic analysis was performed, resulting in the identification of 38 differentially expressed metabolites in eight metabolic pathways between the two treatments. Additionally, significant differences were observed in the rhizosphere bacterial communities, with Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota identified as valuable biomarkers for ZnO NP treatment. Covariation analysis further revealed significant correlations between specific microbial communities and metabolite expression levels. These findings provide compelling evidence that nanoscale zinc exhibits much higher utilization efficiency compared to traditional zinc fertilizer.

Published
2023
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42. Attenuating metal-substrate conjugation in atomically dispersed nickel catalysts for electroreduction of CO2 to CO

Author

Qiyou Wang, Kang Liu, Kangman Hu, Chao Cai, Huangjingwei Li, Hongmei Li, Matias Herran, Ying-Rui Lu, Ting-Shan Chan, Chao Ma, Junwei Fu, Shiguo Zhang, Ying Liang, Emiliano Cortés, and Min Liu

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Electroreduction of CO2 on single atom catalysts is often hindered by electron delocalization of the metal sites. To improve CO2 activation, here the authors functionalize the carbon support with cyano moieties, thereby attenuating metal-substrate conjugation and improving CO2 to CO conversion.

Published
2022
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44. Targeting the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in breast cancer

Author

Ma Ying-Rui, Bai Bu-Fan, Liu Deng, Shi Rong, and Zhou Qian-Mei

Subjects
STING, DNA damage response, tumour immune microenvironment, mitochondrial function, STING agonists, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Breast cancer has a high occurrence rate globally and its treatment has demonstrated clinical efficacy with the use of systemic chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade. Insufficient cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration and the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells within tumours are the primary factors responsible for the inadequate clinical effectiveness of breast cancer treatment. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) represents a pivotal protein in the innate immune response. Upon activation, STING triggers the activation and enhancement of innate and adaptive immune functions, resulting in therapeutic benefits for malignant tumours. The STING signalling pathway in breast cancer is influenced by various factors such as deoxyribonucleic acid damage response, tumour immune microenvironment, and mitochondrial function. The use of STING agonists is gaining momentum in breast cancer research. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-STING pathway, its agonists, and the latest findings related to their application in breast cancer.

Published
2023
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