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The treatment of infected bone defects (IBDs) needs simultaneous elimination of infection and acceleration of bone regeneration. One mechanism that hinders the regeneration of IBDs is the iron competition between pathogens and host cells, leading to an iron deficient microenvironment that impairs the innate immune responses. In this work, an in situ modification strategy is proposed for printing iron‐active multifunctional scaffolds with iron homeostasis regulation ability for treating IBDs. As a proof‐of‐concept, ultralong hydroxyapatite (HA) nanowires are modified through in situ growth of a layer of iron gallate (FeGA) followed by incorporation in the poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) matrix to print biomimetic PLGA based composite scaffolds containing FeGA modified HA nanowires (FeGA‐HA@PLGA). The photothermal effect of FeGA endows the scaffolds with excellent antibacterial activity. The released iron ions from the FeGA‐HA@PLGA help restore the iron homeostasis microenvironment, thereby promoting anti‐inflammatory, angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation. The transcriptomic analysis shows that FeGA‐HA@PLGA scaffolds exert anti‐inflammatory and pro‐osteogenic differentiation by activating NF‐κB, MAPK and PI3K‐AKT signaling pathways. Animal experiments confirm the excellent bone repair performance of FeGA‐HA@PLGA scaffolds for IBDs, suggesting the promising prospect of iron homeostasis regulation therapy in future clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic prurigo (CPG) is an inflammatory skin disease. Comorbidities including dermatological, cardiovascular, and psychiatric diseases have been reported in patients with CPG; however, the evidence has not been systematically evaluated. We aim to summarize the comorbidities, discuss underlying pathogenesis, and highlight the evaluation of CPG patients. Methods: We performed a systematic search using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for all articles reporting possible associated diseases with CPG. Pooled random-effects odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI were calculated. Results: A total of 17 studies were included in this systematic review. Statistically significant association (p <0.05) with CPG has been demonstrated with atopic diseases: atopic dermatitis (pooled OR, 10.91; 95% CI, 3.65–32.67), allergic rhinitis (2.66; 1.12–6.27), asthma (3.23; 1.55–6.74); infectious diseases: hepatitis B (pooled OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.11–4.14); endocrine diseases: diabetes (pooled OR, 4.93; 95% CI, 1.13–21.56), type 1 diabetes (2.46; 2.16–2.81), type 2 diabetes (1.89; 1.34–2.68), hyperlipoproteinemia (2.90; 1.61–5.22); cardiovascular diseases: heart failure (pooled OR, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.15–14.91), hypertension (3.17; 1.56–6.45); respiratory system diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (pooled OR, 3.19; 95% CI, 1.42–7.16); urinary system diseases: chronic kidney disease (pooled OR, 4.16; 95% CI, 1.79–9.66); digestive system disease: inflammatory bowel disease (pooled OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.26–3.36); and others: osteoporosis (pooled OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.70–5.59), thyroid disease (1.70; 1.17–2.47). Conclusion: CPG is associated with various systemic disorders. Recognition of comorbidities is critical to the appropriate management of affected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on a case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by benzalkonium chloride (BAK) from a laundry disinfectant in a Chinese patient. The patient experienced diffuse skin erythema and severe pruritus, initially misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis. The rash improved after discontinuing the disinfectant and tapering off medication. Patch testing confirmed the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis to BAK. This case highlights the importance of considering contact allergens in laundry care products, such as BAK, in cases of textile-related dermatitis. [Extracted from the article]