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Skin cancer is common in humans, particularly who are subjected to sun exposure. The aim of this study is to analyse non-melanoma skin cancers in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. The 967 skin cancer lesions in 957 cases were classified according to their histopathological types, localizations, and age and sex distribution. Our findings were consistent with those reported in the literature except for age distribution. Our data indicated that onset of the disease is in younger ages. Regarding malignancy incidence, Black Sea Region has remarkably higher rates than the rest of the country. Our study also has originality and an initiative nature for introducing data of non-melanoma skin malignancy in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. © 2014 OMU

WOS: 000341555400025 PubMed: 24475593 Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare neoplasm of the uterus. The authors report a case of low-grade ESS coexistent with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus in a woman with a previous history of breast cancer. To the best of their knowledge, such a case has not been reported to date.

To investigate micrometastasis by using epithelial cytokeratin marker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with tumor negative mediastinoscopic lymph node biopsies. Micrometastasis were investigated by immunohistochemical staining in 20 patients who were diagnosed as NSCLC with ipsilateral mediastinal lymph nodes (RN2) in CT scan and with negative histopathologic mediastinoscopic lymph node biopsy (pN0). Frozen section was studied with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), a routine histopatological method in lymph nodes taken by mediastinoscopy and in absence of metastasis; resection was applied with thoracotomy in the same session. We studied micrometastasis in lymph nodes, which are taken out by mediastinoscopy and dissected during resection, using both HE and immunohistochemical staining with cytokeratin. All patients were male and median age was 60.9 (51-74) years. In 16 cases epidermoid carcinoma, in 2 cases adenocarcinoma and in 2 cases bronchioloalveoler carcinoma were diagnosed as histopathological types. Cervical mediastinoscopy was performed in 20 patients who were diagnosed as RN2 by thorax CT radiologically, and complete resection was done in pN0 patients. Sixty lymph nodes, 40 of them taken by mediastinoscopy and 20 taken during resection, were stained immunohistochemically in 20 NSCLC patients. Only one lymph node from a single patient was positive after staining. After postoperative staging, 18 patients were at a lower stage, one patient was at the same stage, and one patient with micrometastasis was at an advanced stage. Immunohistochemical staining may be useful in detecting micrometastasis in NSCLC. Standard cervical mediastinoscopy is still gold standard in preoperative staging. Efficiency can be increased by combining mediastinoscopy, a gold standard method in staging, with immunohistochemical methods. © 2013 OMU.

WOS: 000445782800436 …

Epidermoid tumours located within the brain parenchyma are very rare lesions. These tumours originate from the remnants of embryological mesoectodermal cells. A 12-year-old boy was admitted to the neurosurgery clinic with headaches and seizures. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed and it revealed a mass lesion located in the right temporal gyrus. A right pterional craniotomy was performed and the tumour was exposed through a small (1 cm) cortical incision over the middle temporal sulcus. The intraoperative findings revealed an intraparenchymal epidermoid tumour. The tumour and the capsule were totally removed. The postoperative course was uneventful and the neurological examination showed no neurological deficit related with operation. Histopathologic examination result was compatible with an epidermoid tumour. In this article, the clinical, radiological and operative characteristics of the patient with an epidermoid tumour are presented.

Lupus erythematosus profundus is grouped within the chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus and linear form of it has been rarely reported. Lesions are described as subcutaneous nodules and plaques with a distinctive distribution. We report a 16 years old girl with lupus erythematosus profundus in whom the lesions were at the upper extremity and showed a linear confi guration following the lines of Blaschko. We also review the previous reported 12 cases of linear lupus erythematosus profundus in the literature. Patients with linear lupus erythematosus profundus had different features of age, racial characteristics and distribution of lesions when compared with lupus erythematosus profundus. © 2012 OMU All rights reserved.

31st Congress of the European-Academy-of-Allergy-and-Clinical-Immunology (EAACI) -- JUN 16-20, 2012 -- Geneva, SWITZERLAND WOS: 000310247701275 … European Acad Allergy & Clin Immunol (EAACI)

Objective: Standard KOH preparation and fungal culture are the most preferred methods used for the diagnosis of onychomycosis. Alternatively used methods are histopathological examination and KOH preparation for 24 hours. Our aim was to assess the sensitivity of standard KOH preparation, KOH preparation for 24 hours, fungal culture and histopathological examination for the diagnosis of onychomycosis. Material and Methods: Nail samples were taken from 58 patients with a clinical suspicion of onychomycosis. Standard KOH preparation, KOH preparation for 24 hours, fungal culture and histopathological examination were searched for presence of fungal elements. Results: Onychomycosis was diagnosed in 46 samples. Samples of 8 patients were negative by all methods. Fungal elements were observed by standard KOH preparation in 27 patients (50%), by KOH preparation for 24 hours in 37 patients (68.5%), by culture method in 14 patients (25.9%) and by histopathological examination in 40 (74.1%) patients. The sensitivity values of these methods were 58%, 80.4%, 30.4%, and 87% respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that histopathological examination and KOH preparation for 24 hours methods are more sensitive than the KOH preparation and fungal culture.

It has been reported that incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma is increased recent years in countries near the equator as well as north Europe. This malignancy has high mortality rate and epidemiological data for our country are either inadequate or exhibit the prevalence of specific geographical regions. In this study, we have retrospectively reviewed data from 84 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma who admitted to Plastic Surgery Clinic of our Hospital of Medical Faculty which is large regional hospital in the our region, between Jan 1994 and May 2010 (17 years). The parameters hat we have surveyed in patients included annual distribution of patients, age, gender, occupation, location of the lesions on the body surface, presence of nevus prior to melanoma, histopathological type, Breslow thickness, mitotic activity rates, stage at the diagnosis, metastasis rates in follow-up period, micrometastasis rates in patients performed sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), metastasis rates in patients performed dissection unless SLNB. Survival rates in died patients were determined according to the stages. At the end of the study, we concluded that the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in our region increase since 2007. Unfortunately, most patients were determined in stages 2 at the diagnosis. It has shown that educational programs, dermatoscopic screening and recordings are still important under the risk populations including occupational risk groups, intermittently intense sun exposed, light skinned and nevoid skin lesions wealthy individuals. Mortality and morbidity rates, as well will decrease with early diagnosis, reexcision according to Breslow thickness, regional lymph dissection according to the sentinel lymph node biopsy in Stage 1b and Stage 2 patients.

WOS: 000293018900009 PubMed: 21517856 Background and Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the expression and the distribution of the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) and of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in tissue samples from patients with periodontal disease (aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis) and from healthy controls. Material and Methods: Ten tissue samples from each disease group (aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis) and from healthy subjects were obtained during routine oral surgical procedures. Subgingival specimens were collected from sites with advanced loss of support (probing depth > 5 mm) and specimens from the corresponding healthy controls were obtained during tooth extraction for orthodontic reasons or following surgical extraction of an impacted third molar. The distribution of TRPV1 and TLR4 receptors in human gingival tissue was studied by immunohistochemistry. Results: Both TLR4 and TRPV1 were detected in gingival tissues from healthy subjects, and from patients with chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis, particularly in gingival keratinocytes, fibroblasts, inflammatory cells and the endothelial lining of capillaries in connective tissues. Histologic examination of the samples from healthy controls disclosed that clinically healthy gingiva does not correspond to histologically healthy gingiva. Subsequently, these samples were redesignated as gingivitis samples. TRPV1 was down-regulated in all cell types in samples obtained from patients with chronic periodontitis compared to samples obtained from patients with gingivitis, whereas TLR4 was down-regulated only in the epithelium and in gingival fibroblasts. In contrast, the levels of these markers in patients with aggressive periodontitis were similar to those in healthy patients. Conclusion: Local expression of TRPV1 and TLR4 in gingival tissues may contribute to both physiological and pathological processes in the periodontium. Our data suggest that TRPV1 and TLR4 may play a role specifically in the pathophysiology of chronic periodontitis. Ondokuz Mayis University, TurkeyOndokuz Mayis University [DHF069] The study was supported by a grant (DHF069) from the Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey. Statistical support was provided by Prof Dr Yuksel Bek, Biostatistic Department, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.

Sarcoidosis is a disease characterized with non-necrotizing granulomas and multiorgan involvement and unknown etiology. This disease is less common and has different presentation and prognosis in children than adults. In children younger than 5 years of age, the disease is mainly characterized by the involvement of the skin, eyes and joints, whereas in older children, involvement of the lungs, lymph nodes and eyes predominate. Two cases that have different clinics according to their age are presented here. In children sarcoidosis have two different clinical pictures. © 2010 OMÜ Tüm Haklari Saklidir.

PubMed: 22802470 The authors report a case of acquired lymphangioma circumscriptum (LC), localised in the right labium majus of vulva and characterised by periodic symptoms for 8 years; however, 3 months after the right major labiectomy, the same symptoms developed in both the left labium majus and the right labium minus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of acquired LC with this type of localisation and symptoms without any known aetiologic factor.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic and differential significance of two recently introduced positive mesothelial markers, namely podoplanin and D2-40. Material and Method: The study group included a total of 55 cases: 11 cases of malignant mesothelioma and equal number of cases (n:11) of primary lung adenocarcinoma, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma of the pleura and mesothelial proliferation. D2-40, podoplanin, calretinin, cytokeratin 5/6, carcinoembryonic antigen, epithelial specific antigen (MOC-31) were immunohistochemically studied in all cases. The extent of staining was graded between 1+ and 4+. Results: While the 7 (63.6%) of the mesotheliomas and 10 of the mesothelial proliferations (90.9%) stained positive with D2-40, no positive staining was noted in primary lung adenocarcinoma, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma of the pleura. 9 of the mesotheliomas (81.8%) and 10 of the mesothelial proliferations (90.9%) were positive with podoplanin whereas no positive staining was observed in the other groups. Eight of the primary lung adenocarcinomas (72.7%), seven of the bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (63.6%), and eight of the metastatic carcinomas of the pleura (72.7%) were positive for MOC-31 while only one of the mesotheliomas (9%) was positive and no mesothelial proliferation cases were positive. The specificity of podoplanin, D2-40, calretinin and cytokeratin 5/6 for mesothelioma was 100% and their sensitivity was 81.8%, 63.6%, 81.8% and 54.5%, respectively. The highest sensitivity, (i.e. 100% sensitivity) for mesothelioma was observed with the D2-40, podoplanin, and calretinin combination. Conclusion: D2-40 and Podoplanin were effective in differentiating malignant mesothelioma from primary lung adenocarcinomas, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and metastatic carcinomas of the pleura. However, since they may not yield precise results it was therefore concluded that a panel combined with positive and negative mesothelial markers including these two markers will lead to more accurate results.

PubMed: 21457631 [No abstract available]

Goltz Syndrome (Focal Dermal Hypoplasia) is a rare congenital mesoectodermal dysplasia with multisystemic involvement. It was first described by Goltz in 1962 and more than 200 cases reported worldwide (Leite et al., 2005). Skin lesions are characterized by athrophic, hyperpigmented linear or reticulated macules, multiple mucocutaneous papillomas, fat herniations or fat tumors. Besides the skin, other structures frequently involved are the skeletal system, eyes, teeth, hair, nails and central nervous system (Kanitakis et al., 2003). The association between Goltz syndrome and anti-HIV serology was not found in the literature. We report 32 year-old woman with typical cutaneous leisons of Goltz Syndrome associated with false positive anti-HIV serology and secondary infertility. © 2010 OMU All rights reserved.

The Value of Bone Marrow Biopsy in the Diagnosis of AmyloidosisBiopsy of the involved organ is required for the diagnosis of amyloidosis and most common used tissues for biopsy are rectum and kidney. Bone marrow biopsy is an alternative diagnostic procedure for the diagnosis of amyloidosis. The value of bone marrow biopsy for the diagnosis of amyloidosis is discussed in this report. Amyloid was positive in 9 of 15 (60%) bone marrow biopsy in patients with amyloidosis. Bone marrow biopsy should be used initially for the diagnosis of amyloidosis in the patients with renal failure and respiratory distress.Amiloidoz tanısı için doku biyopsisi gereklidir ve biyopside en sık tercih edilen dokular böbrek ve rektumdur. Kemik iliği biyopsisi amiloidoz tanısında alternatif tanı işlemlerinden birisidir. Bu yazıda kemik iliği biyopsisinin amiloidoz tanısmdaki değeri tartışılmıştır. 15 amiloidozlu hastanın 9 (%60) tanesinde kemik iliği biyopsisinde amiloid pozitif olarak saptanmıştır. Böbrek yetmezliği ve solunum sıkıntısı olan hastalarda amiloidoz tanısı için başlangıçta kemik iliği biyopsisi kullanılmalıdır.

1991-1996 Thyroid Cancers Statistics in the Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine.Total 32134 cases was inspected between 1991-1996 years in The Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Medicine, Departmant of Pathology and 44 cases were diagnosed as thyroid carcinomas.37 cases of total 44 cases are women, 7 cases are men. Women/Men ratio is 5,2; average age is 44.7 and age range is 9-84. As histologic subtypes, papillary carcinomas are 70.4% (31 cases), follicular (5 cases) and Anaplastic carcinomas (5 cases) are 11,4% and medullary carcinomas are 6,8% (3 cases). Cases are compared to period of 1985-1990 in parameters of age, sex and histologic subtype and findings are discussed in the light of the literature.Ondokuzmayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Patoloji Anabilim Dalında 1991-1996 yıllan arasında toplam 32134 olgu incelendi ve 44 olgu tiroid karsinomu tanısı aldı. Bu dönemde tiroid kanseri tanısı konulan toplam 44 olgunun 37'si kadın, 7'si erkek olup kadın/erkek oranı 5.2'dir. Kanserli olgular 9-84 yaşları arasında dağılmakta olup ortalama yaş 44.7'dir. Histolojik alt tipler gözönüne alındığında papiller karsinoma %70.4 (31 olgu), folliküler (5 olgu) ve anaplastik (5 olgu) karsinoma %11.4 ve medüller karsinom %6.8 (3 olgu) olarak saptanmıştır. Olgular, yaş, cinsiyet ve histolojik alt grup parametreleri ile 1985-1990 dönemi ile karşılaştırıldı ve bulgular literatür ışığında tartışıldı.

The aims of this study are to investigate the presence of H. pylori in endoscopic antral biopsy and to evaluate the histopathological features in H. pylori positive biopsy specimens. One hundred sixty-six biopsy specimens obtained from antrum by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were studied. Microscopic examination was normal in eight cases and H. pylori was negative in all of these biopsy specimens. The histopathological diagnosis was nonspesific gastritis in 158 cases. Helicobacter pylori was present in 109 of the 166 (69.7%) biopsy specimens. The scores of mononuclear cells and neutrophil polymorph infiltration and the combination of these scores (inflammatory score) were significantly higher in H. pylori positive cases than in H. pylori negative cases. Lymphoid aggregates were more common in H. pylori positive cases. Lamina propria edema was less severe in H. pylori positive biopsy specimens than in H. pylori negative biopsy specimens. These results indicate that H. pylori should be searched carefully if there are histopathological findings suggesting inflammation including mononuclear cells and neutrophil polymorph infiltration in antral biopsy specimens.Endoskopik antral biyopsilerde Helicobacter Pylori İnfeksiyonunda Histopatolojik DeğişikliklerBu çalışmanın amaçlan endoskopik antral biyopsilerde H. pylorinin varlığını ve H. pylori pozitif biyopsi örneklerinde histopatolojik değişiklikleri incelemektir. Üst gastrointestinal sistem endoskopisi ile alman 166 biyopsi örneği çalışılmıştır. Mikroskopik incelemede normal olan 8 vakada H. pylori negatif idi. 158 vakada ise histopatolojik tanı nonspesifik gastrit idi. 166 biyopsi örneğinin 109 tanesinde (%69.7) H. pylori pozitif olarak bulundu. H. pylori pozitif olan vakalarda H. pylori negatif olan vakalara kıyasla mononükleer hücre ve polmorf nötrofil infiltrasyon skoru ile bu skorların kombinasyonu (inflamatuvar skor) anlamlı derecede yüksekti. H. pylori poziüf vakalarda lenfoid agrégat daha sık idi. H. pylori pozitif olan vakalarda H. pylori negatif olan vakalara kıyasla lamina propria ödemi daha az şiddetli idi. Bu sonuçlar, antral biyopsi örneklerinde mononükleer hücre ve po-limorf nötrofil infiltrasyonu gibi inflamasyonu düşündüren histopatolojik bulguların varlığında H. pylori'nin dikkatle aranması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

A Case of Prune-Belly Syndrome Associated with Multiple Congenital AnomaliesAbdominal muscle deficiency, urinary tract abnormalities and cryptoorchidism are the three major features of the Prune-belly syndrome. Massive acites and intraabdominal urine accumulation had produced abdominal wall atrophy. A functional or anatomic urethral obstruction may detect on cases. As an addition classic triad of Prune-belly syndrome our case has polydactily, cleft lip and palate. Chromosomal analysis could not be done our cases due to in utero exitus.Karın duvarı kaslarının yokluğu, üriner traktus anormallikleri ve kriptoorşitizm Prune-belly sendromunun üç ana özelliğidir. Yoğun asit ve intraabdominal idrar birikimi abdominal duvar atrofisine yol açar. Olgularda fonksiyonel ya da anatomik üretral obstrüksiyon tespit edilebilir. Bizim olgumuzda Prune-belly sendromunun klasik triadma ek olarak polidaktili, yarık damak ve dudak mevcuttu. Olgu in utero eksitus olduğundan kromozom analizi yapılamadı.

We report the case of a woman who presented with progressive dyspnea, nonproductive cough and constitutional symptoms including weight loss, anorexia and malaise for six months. Physical examination revealed end-inspiratory crackles over both lungs. Chest-x-ray (CXR) and thorax computerised tomography (CT) revealed bilateral multiple alveolar opacities with air bronchograms. With transbronchoscopic lung biopsy, bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP) was the pathologic diagnosis. We could not find any underlying condition, that can cause BOOP, so classified as idiopathic. The patient rapidly responded to, both clinically and radiologically, steroid treatment within one month. This is the first case of idiopathic BOOP that was diagnosed in our hospital, and was considered worth reporting. İdiopatik Bronşiolitis Obliterans Organize Pnömonl: Hastanemizde Tanı Konan İlk VakaAltı ay önce başlayan ve giderek artan dispne, kuru öksürük ve halsizlik, kilo kaybı, iştahsızlık gibi konstitüsyonel yakınmalar ile başvuran 68 yaşında bir kadın hastayı sunuyoruz. Fizik muayenede her iki akciğerde inspiryum sonu ince raileri mevcuttu. Akciğer grafisinde ve toraks bilgisayarlı tomografisinde (BT) her iki akciğerde yaygm multipl alveoler opasiteler ve hava bronkogramları mevcuttu. Transbronkoskopik akciğer biopsisinin patolojik inceleme sonucu bronşiolitis obliterans organize pnömoni (BOOP) ile uyumlu geldi. Ayrıntılı değerlendirmede BOOP' a neden olabilecek altta yatan bir hadise olmadığından idiopatik olarak kabul edildi. Steroid tedavisine başlandı ve ilk ay içinde hastada belirgin klinik ve radyolojik düzelme gözlendi. Hastanemizde tanı konan ilk idiopatik BOOP vakası olması bakımından yayınlanmaya değer olduğunu düşündük.

Primary Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Ureter (Five Cases Report)In this study five cases of primary ureter transitional cell carcinoma which were diagnosed in Department of Pathology of Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty between 1985-1997, clinicopathologically evaluated. All cases were male and median age was 61.4. Cases are discussed in the light of the literature. 1985-1997 yılları arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Patoloji Departmanında tanı konulan 5 primer üreter transizyonel hücreli karsinom olgusu klinik ve patolojik olarak değerlendirildi. Tümü erkek ve yaş ortalaması 61.4 olan olgular literatür ışığında tartışıldı.

Reproducibility of the Knodell Histologic Activity Index in the Evaluation of Chronic Hepatitis CBiopsies from 60 serologically confirmed chronic hepatitis C cases were independently evaluated by three pathologist and Knodell histologic activity indexes were determined, study was repeated two months later. Both interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility were assessed using kappa statistics. Both interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility of the individual parameters forming the Knodell histologic activity index was found to be low. It is concluded that Knodell histologic activity index should be revised to increase reproducibility. Serolojik olarak kanıtlanmış 60 kronik hepatit C vakasına ait biyopsi materyalleri üç pa¬tolog tarafından ayrı ayrı değerlendirilerek Knodell histolojik aktivite indeksi belirlendi, çalışma iki ay sonra tekrarlandı. Üç patolog arasındaki gözlemciler arası ve her patologun iki çalışma arasındaki tek gözlemci tekrarlanabilirliği kappa istatistiği çalışılarak belirlendi. Knodell histolojik aktivite indeksini oluşturan histopatolojik parametrelerin gözlemciler arası ve tek gözlemci tekrarlanabilirlikleri düşük olarak bulundu. Knodell histolojik aktivite indeksinin tekrarlanabilirliği arttıracak şekilde revize edilmesi gerektiği kanısına varıldı.

Malign periferal sinir kılıfı tümörleri (MPNST), sinirlerden, nörofibromlardan köken alan ya da sinir kılıfı farklanması gösteren iğsi hücreli sarkomları ifade etmektedir. Düşük gra-deli MPNST'nin benign lezyonlardan ayırıcı tanısının yapılması tedavi planlanması nedeni ile önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı schwannoma ve MPNST olgularında p53 proteini varlığı, S-100 proteini boyanma patterni ve farklanma arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır, MPNST olgularında, grade ile p53 protein pozitifliği ve S-100 proteini boyanma paterni arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki gösterilemedi. MPNST olgularında p53 proteini pozitifliği, schwannoma olgularına göre daha yüksek oranda idi. P53 protein pozitifliği ile S-100 proteini boyanma kaybı ilişkili idi. Bu sonuçlar sınır olguların değerlendirilmesinde immünhistokimyasal olarak S-100 proteini boyanma paterni ile birlikte p53 proteini varlığının araştırılmasının değerli olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu konuyu aydınlatmak için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır., Expression of the S-100 and p53 Proteins in Schwannoma and Malign Peripheral Nerve Sheath TumorThe term malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) express spindle cell sarcomas arising from nerve or neurofibroma, or showing nerve sheat differentiation. Differentiation of low grade MPNST from other benign lesions is important for planning of treatment. The aim of the this study is to investigate the relationship between presence of p53 protein, S-100 protein staining pattern and differentiation in schwannomas and MPNST. Statistically significant relation hasn't been shown between presence of p53 protein and S-100 protein staining pattern and MPNST grade. The percentage of cases with a positive immunoreaction for p53 protein was higher in MPNST than schwannoma. P53 protein positivity was correlated well with the loss of S-100 protein staining. These results show that investigation of immunohistochemical S-100 protein staining pattern and p53 protein positivity may have a value in the evaluation of borderline cases. More studies are needed to clarify this subject.

Carcinoma of The BreastCarcinosarcoma of the breast represents less than 1% of primary mammary malignancies. This tumor is defined histologically by both malignant connective tissue (sarcoma) and malignant epithelial component (carcinoma). Clinically, the majority of»the patients with mammary carcinosarcoma present with breast swelling or a palpabl mass, and the exact histologic diagnosis can not be made preoperatively by radiologic methods. But this diagnosis may be suggested with mammographie findings of cloudy calcification assosiated with an asymétrie dens mass. In this case, mammographie, ultrasonographic, clinical and histological features of this rare carcinosarcoma, which is infrequent than other breast sarcomas such as malignant fibrous histiocytoma, liposarcoma and fibrosarcoma are discussed with a review of the literature.Karsinosarkom primer meme malignitelerinin %1 'inden daha azını oluşturur. Bu tümör histolojik olarak hem malign epitelyal (karsinom) hem de malign mezenkimal (sarkom) komponentlerden oluşur. Klinik olarak, hastaların çoğu memede sertlik veya ele gelen kitle yakınmasıyla başvurur. Operasyon öncesi görüntüleme yöntemleriyle spesifik tanısı genellikle konamaz. Ancak saçılmış tarzda bulutsu kalsifikasyon içeren düzensiz sınırlı asimetrik dens kitle görünümüyle bu tanı düşünülebilir. Bu vakada, malign fibroz histiyostom, Iiposarkom ve fibrosarkom gibi diğer nadir meme sarkomlarından daha seyrek olan karsinosarkomun radyolojik, patolojik ve klinik özellikleri literatür bilgileri eşliğinde tartışılmaktadır.

We presen Led a case of acanthosis nigricans who exhibited an internal malignancy and neurofibromatosis.The patienl who is 45 years old had pruritus and axillary and inguinal discoloration resembling Acanthosis nigricans. The diagnosis was confirmed bv the biopsy of the skin. The tomographic, endoscopic, and histopathologic singular revealed a poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma of the corpus which was at advanced stage. There were macules in close similarity with cafe an lait. macules, and skin-colored, pedunculated soft nodules. The histopathologic diagnosis of neurofibroma was confirmed by the excision of one of the nodules.Akantozis Nigrikans ile Birlikte Gastrik Adenokarsinom ve Nörofibromatozisinterna! malignite ve nörofibromatozis ile. birlikte akantozis nigrikans olgusunu sunuyoruz.Kaşıntı ve akantozis nigrikansı çağrıştıran aksiller ve inguinal diskolorasyon yakınmaları ile başvuran 45 yaşındaki erkek hastada tanı deri biyopsisi ile doğrulandı. Tomografik. endoskopik ve hisLopatolojik araştırmalarda mide korpusunda ileri evrede, az diferansiye adenokarsinom saptandı.Gövdede "cafe an lait." lekeleri ve deri renginde, pedinküle yumuşak nodüller mevcuttu. Histopatolojik olarak nörofibrom tanısı nodüllerin birinin eksizyonu ile doğrulandı.

Macroglossia: Case ReportMacroglossia is a relatively uncommon condition characterised by enlargement of the tongue disproportionate to the rest of the dentoalveolar structures. It may cause significant symptoms in children. Currently wedge resection, side marginal resection, tip amputation, or combinations of die three are used in partial glossectomies for macroglossia. In this paper, we presented a five year old case with a true macroglosssia due to cavernous lymphangioma. We devised the reduction surgery for his difficulty in speech and alimentation. We performed vertical elliptical excision in the front and similar horizontal excision in the back of the tongue. Histopathological examination revealed excessive presence of dilated lymphatics. Our cases speech and eating were improved satisfactory at two months postoperatively.Makroglossi; istirahat halindeki dilin büyüklüğü nedeni ile, dentoalveoler yapılar üzerinden taşması ile karakterize nadir bir durumdur. Çocuklarda önemli semptomlara sebep olabilirler. Günümüzde makroglossinin cerrahi tedavisi için kama tarzı eksizyon, serbest kenar eksizyonlan, tip amputasyonu veya bu üç yöntemin kombinasyonu kullanılır. Bu makalede kavernöz lenfanjioma bağlı gerçek makroglossi olan bir olgu sunduk. Hastanın konuşma ve beslenme güçlüğü nedeni ile küçültme cerrahisi önerdik. Dilin ön kısmından vertikal eliptik eksizyon ve arka kısmından horizontal eliptik eksizyonlar yaptık. Histopatolojik olarak sayıca artmış dilate lenfatikler olarak değerlendirildi. Olgumuzun ameliyat sonrası ikinci ayda konuşması ve yemek yemesi tatminkar olarak düzeldi.

Kimura hastalığı nedeni bilinmeyen, benign kronik enflamatuar hastalıktır. İlk kez 1937 yılında Kimm ve Szeto tarafından bildirilmiş ve eozinofilik hiperplastik lenfogranuloma olarak adlandırılmıştır. 1948 yılında Kimura ve arkadaşları tarafından etraflıca tanımlanmış ve Kimura hastalığı olarak literatürde yerini almıştır. Baş boyun bölgesinde lenfadenopati veya kitle şeklinde karşımıza çıkar ve germinal merkezleri belirgin lenfoid foliküller ve eozinofilik infiltrasyon ile karakterizedir. Oldukça nadir görülen bir hastalık olup klinik ve histopatolo-jik olarak diğer enflamatuar hastalıklar ve maligniteler ile karışabilir. Yazımızda Kimura hastalığı tanısı konan bir olgunun histopatolojik ve klinik özellikleri ilgili literatür eşliğinde tartışılmıştır.Kimura Disease: Case ReportKimura disease is a benign chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. It was firstly reported by Kimm and Szeto in 1937 and was termed as eosinophilic hyperplastic lymp ho granuloma. The definitive description was published by Kimura et al in 1948 and took its place as Kimura disease in the literature. It appears as a lymphadenopathy or mass in the region of head and neck and chracterized by prominent germinal centers and eosinophilic infiltration.This condition is very rare and its true importance lies in its ability to mimic a number of other inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. In our report h i s t o p a t o l o g i c a l and clinical features of a case diagnosed as Kimura disease were discussed with the literature findings.

Rhabdoib Meningioma (Case Report)Meningiomas arise from the meningothelial cells of the arachnoid. Intracranial meningiomas account for 20 % of all symptomatic primary brain tumors. The rhabdoid transformation of meningioma was firstly described by Kepes et al. Here we present a rhabdoid meningioma and discuss in the light of the literature.Meningiomalar araknoiddeki meningotelyal hücrelerden kaynaklanırlar. İntrakranial menin-giomalar semptomatik primer beyin tümörlerinin tümörlerin yaklaşık %20'sini oluştururlar. Meningiomda rabdoid dönüşüm ilk kez Kepes ve arkadaşları tarafından tanımlanmıştır. Biz bir rabdoid meningioma olgusunu literatür ışığında tartışıyoruz.