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Yildiray Yildirim,1 Ibrahim Sahbaz,2 Taner Kar,1 Gamze Kagan,3 Mehmet Tolga Taner,4 Ilker Armagan,2 Begum Cakici21Department of Ophthalmology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Opticianry, 3Department of Occupational Health and Safety, 4Department of Healthcare Management, Uskudar University, Istanbul, TurkeyPurpose: The aim of this study was to report normative values and ranges of interpupillary distance (IPD) in different age groups of a Turkish population.Methods: A total of 756 healthy subjects were included in this prospective study. After a complete ophthalmic evaluation, subjects were divided into four age groups to assess differences between age groups in relation to IPD. The age groups were 20–30, 31–50, 51–70, and 71–89 years. Far IPD measurements were performed using an autorefractometer (Topcon RM-8800).Results: The mean age was 48.42±20.55 years, ranging from 19 to 89 years. The mean IPD was calculated as 62.5±4.1 mm (range 49–76). The mean IPD value was observed to be significantly higher among males compared to females (P

Abdullah Kaya,1 Yakup Aksoy,2 Yıldıray Yildirim,3 Murat Sonmez3 1Department of Ophthalmology, Anittepe Military Dispensary, Ankara, Turkey; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Girne Military Hospital, Girne, Cyprus; 3Department of Ophthalmology, GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, TurkeyWe read with great interest the article titled “Value of optical coherence tomography in the detection of macular pathology before the removal of silicone oil” by Rashad et al.1 The authors have evaluated the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings before the removal of silicone oil (SiO). We congratulate the authors for this well-organized study and would like to contribute to their findings.View original paper by Rashad and colleagues.

In this investigation, thin films of YbFeO3, both in its pure form and doped with 10% Co, were fabricated on a p-Si substrate at 500 °C through the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method. Examination via Scanning Electron Microscopy demonstrated a porous texture for the pure sample, contrasting with a smooth and crack-free surface post-Co doping. Analysis via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy unveiled Yb’s 3 + oxidation state, alongside the presence of lattice oxygen, oxygen vacancies, and adsorbed oxygen evident in Gaussian fitting curves. Photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed an augmented emission intensity, likely attributed to increased defect initiation in the Co-doped specimen. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy was employed to identify vibration modes in the examined samples, demonstrating shifts in Raman peaks indicative of Co substitution and subsequent distortion in the crystal structure of YbFeO3. Electrical assessments were conducted at room temperature (300 K) under ambient conditions, employing voltage and frequency as variables. Capacitance–voltage measurements illustrated the emergence of an accumulation, with depletion and inversion regions manifesting at different frequencies based on the applied voltage, attributed to the YbFeO3 interfacial layer at the Al and p-Si interface. The conductance-voltage characteristics indicated that the structure exhibited maximum conductance in the accumulation region. Series resistance for these configurations was deduced from capacitance-conductance-voltage measurements, indicating a dependence on both bias voltage and frequency. The doping process led to a reduction in capacitance and series resistance, accompanied by an increase in conductance values. After obtaining corrected capacitance and conductance parameters, it became evident that series resistance significantly influences both parameters. Interface state density (Nss), determined through the Hill-Coleman relation demonstrated a decreasing trend with increasing frequency. The pure sample exhibited higher interface state density compared to the Co-doped sample at each frequency, highlighting that the 10% Co-doped YbFeO3 thin film enhances the quality of the metal–semiconductor interface properties compared to the pure contact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solid-state reaction technique was employed to synthesize compounds of YMnO3 (YMO) and YMn1-xCoxO3 (YMCO) with various Co doping levels (x = 0.01, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.40), where Co atoms partially substituted Mn sites. XRD studies confirmed the presence of two phases, YMO and Y0.98CoO3 (YCO), for doping ratios above x = 0.10. Additionally, an increase in crystalline size was observed with cobalt substitution. Surface characteristics of synthesized pellets were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing a less porous structure with cobalt doping. XPS analysis elucidated valence states, showing the presence of both Mn3+ and Mn4+, as well as Co2+ and Co3+. The x = 0.20 and 0.40 Co-doped samples exhibited lower grain and grain boundary energies compared to other samples, such as a decrease from 0.556 eV (undoped) to 0.195 eV (x = 0.20). Moreover, the dielectric constants of x = 0.20 and 0.40 cobalt-doped samples (around 320) significantly surpassed the undoped sample (around 22) at 106 Hz and 100 °C. The x = 0.20 cobalt-doped sample demonstrated the highest conductivity at 100 °C and 106 Hz (31 × 10–4 S/cm). FT-IR analysis provided insights into vibration and bending modes, and frequency- and temperature-dependent electrical features were investigated. It was observed that a single conduction model is insufficient to fully explain the conduction mechanism in these samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Recently, aesthetic rhinoplasty surgeries performed to change the external appearance have become increasingly common, especially among young people. This study examined the frequency of social appearance anxiety, self-esteem, and social media use in people with rhinoplasty surgeries for aesthetic concerns. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 76 people, including 27 healthy controls and 49 aesthetic rhinoplasty planned cases, were included in the study. All participants were administered the sociodemographic data form, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BMSAS). RESULTS: The RSE score of the case group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001), and the SAAS (p=0.004) and BSMAS (p=0.005) scores were significantly higher. A significant negative correlation was observed between the RSE scale score, SAAS, and BMSAS. There was a significant positive relationship between SAAS and BSMAS. Cut-off values were determined using the ROC analysis. When the value of 1.41 was taken as the cutoff for RSE, 81.6% sensitivity and 74.1% specificity were found and were good predictors. When the value of 21 was taken as the cut-off for SAAS, 83.7% sensitivity and 51.9% specificity were found, and it was found to be a good predictor. When the value of 19 was taken as the cut-off for BSMAS, 42.9% sensitivity, and 88.9% specificity were found, and it was found to be a good predictor. CONCLUSIONS: People who undergo aesthetic rhinoplasty have high social appearance anxiety and self-esteem and frequent use of social media. More extensive sample studies are needed to examine the effects of this situation on rhinoplasty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We report our clinical experience with a approach for aortic valve replacement (AVR) via minimal access skin incision and complete median sternotomy. This approach was used in patients with higher age and multiple co-morbidities, facilitating a

This article, published in the journal Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgeon, explores the expression analysis of different promoters for lentiviral transduction of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The study compares the activities of six commonly used constitutive promoters in hiPSCs, including ACTB, CMV, CAG, EF1¿, PGK, and UbC. The results show that the ACTB, EF1¿, CAG, UbC, and PGK promoters exhibit stable activities in undifferentiated hiPSCs, while the CMV promoter does not. Additionally, the CAG promoter demonstrates the highest expression rate in hiPSCs after six months of in-vitro culture. However, during differentiation to hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells, the activities of all five promoters decrease. The study concludes that promoter activities may be restricted to specific cell lineages, highlighting the importance of carefully selecting ideal promoters for constitutive gene expression in differentiated hiPSCs. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines the incidence and risk factors of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients with aortic valve disease who undergo aortic valve surgery (AVS). The study included 264 patients without a history of atrial fibrillation at the time of surgery. The incidence of POAF after AVS was found to be 23.1%, with arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and aortic valve stenosis identified as independent risk factors. The study highlights the clinical challenge posed by POAF in individuals with aortic valve disease and suggests that future research should focus on reducing its prevalence. [Extracted from the article]