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Background Numerous meta-analyses have been conducted on music and pain, but no studies have investigated music and cardiac procedural pain. Objective To assess the effects of music intervention on pain in cardiac procedures in the published randomized controlled trials. Methods This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. All the included randomized controlled studies were published between 1999 and 2016. Studies were obtained from electronic databases or by hand-searching of related journals and reference lists. The main outcome was pain intensity, and the secondary outcomes were vital signs such as heart rate, respiration rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Results Analysis of 14 studies indicated that music interventions had statistically significant effects on decreasing pain scales (mean deviation [MD] = –1.84), heart rate (MD = –2.62), respiration rate (MD = –2.57), systolic blood pressure (MD = –5.11), and diastolic blood pressure (MD = 0.44). The subgroup analysis method was used in all five outcomes. Conclusions Considering all the possible benefits, music intervention may provide an effective complement for the relief of cardiac procedural pain.

Polymer dielectrics have been widely used in electrical energy storage devices. However, the relatively low operating temperature hinders their applications in harsh environments. Herein, the molecular structure of polyimide (PI) is optimized by adjusting the reaction kinetics of polyamic acid, which improves the energy storage performance of PI at elevated temperature. The PI film with an optimal imidization degree achieves a simultaneous increase in dielectric permittivity (ϵ r) and breakdown strength (E b), resulting in a maximum discharged energy density (U e) of 6.9 J cm −3 with a charge-discharge efficiency of 90.0% at room temperature and a high U e of 3.9 J cm −3 at 150 °C. The introduced -COOH/-CN-OH- polar groups increase the ϵ r through the enhancement of dipole polarization. Moreover, an appropriate number of -COOH/-CN-OH- groups as deep traps reduce the mobility of carriers, thereby increasing the E b. Finite element simulation reveals that PI with an appropriate imidization degree exhibits suppressed space charge accumulation and improved electric field distortion. This method reduces the PI processing temperature, which effectively reduces the production energy consumption. For verifying the universality of the design strategy, two other PIs prepared from different monomers are also demonstrated to have simultaneous improvement in ϵ r and E b.Finally, this production process of only reducing the preparation temperature without adjusting the original commercial PI production equipment is crucial for the practical application of capacitor films in the future.

As an important component of the lower crust, mafic granulites can provide a great deal of information about orogens’ metamorphic and tectonic evolution, and thus are studied extensively. According to the previous studies, the Wuhe Complex experienced the Late Paleoproterozoic metamorphic event. Here, we report the newly discovered Mesozoic metamorphic titanite age from the mafic granulites of Wuhe Complex and provide some clues to the Mesozoic metamorphic event of the southeastern NCC. Mafic granulite (sample 20BB44) is composed of garnet (12–15 vol.%), clinopyroxene (30–35 vol.%), hornblende (3–6 vol.%), plagioclase (40–50 vol.%), and quartz (1–2 vol.%) with minor ilmenite, pyrite, apatite, zircon, and titanite. Titanite grains are subhedral, euhedral, or homogeneous with grain sizes of 50–300 μm, and have inclusion minerals of hornblende, plagioclase, quartz, and ilmenite. Titanites have variable contents of U (1.0–17.2 ppm), Th (0.2–29.6 ppm), Pb (2.2–6.5 ppm), and Zr (20–259 ppm) with Th/U ratios of 0.07–4.53. According to the Zr-in-Titanite thermometer (Hayden et al., 2008: the estimated pressure was assumed as 0.5 GPa, and the activity of SiO2 (αSiO2) and TiO2 (αTiO2) were assumed as 1 and 0.8, respectively), the titanites may form at the temperature of 607–725 ℃ (689 ℃ on average). Thirty analysis spots on 29 titanite grains yield a lower intercept U–Pb age of 163 ± 28 Ma (MSWD = 1.17). Titanite U–Pb age of 163 Ma may represent the Mesozoic metamorphic event of southeastern NCC and may relate to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate.

Precambrian high-pressure (HP) granulites can provide crucial information for reconstructing ancient continental nuclei. Here we report the pelitic granulites from Qingyuan terrane, eastern North China Craton (NCC), which are archean supracrustal rocks occurred as enclaves in gneisses. Two samples from the pelitic granulites both record clockwise P-T paths involving prograde stage (M1), peak stage (M2) and post-peak stage (M3). Prograde stage is represented by biotite, plagioclase, quartz, rutile and ilmenite, preserved as mineral inclusions whthin garnet porphyroblasts, formed at P-T conditions of 8-9 kbar/670-700 ℃ constrained by mineral assemblages within garnet porphyroblasts and Ti-in-quartz geothermometer. The peak stage (M2) can be represented by the garnet cores, matrix rutile, kyanite, K-feldspar and the P-T conditions are constrained to be ~12 kbar/800-820 ℃ by the isopleths of XPy and XGrs from the core of garnet grains. The followed post-peak stage (M3) can be represented by matrix minerals assemblages including garnet, biotite, K-feldspar, sillimanite, ilmenite, quartz and plagioclase, revealing isothermal decompression process to ~9 kbar constrained by the isopleths of XPy and XGrs from inner rims of garnet grains. Monazite age dating suggests that the pelitic granulites possibly reached the peak metamorphic stage at ~2.47 Ga, slightly later than TTG magmatic events. The clockwise P-T paths including sequential isothermal decompression (ITD) segments recorded by the pelitic granulites may be caused by a subduction-collision event during the late Neoarchean in the eastern NCC.

Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent programmed cell death. Regulate ferroptosis in tumor cells is a novel treatment modality. The present study aimed to investigate ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and construct a prognostic model for colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). RNA- sequencing data and ferroptosis-related genes were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and FerrDb database. COAD patients were randomly assigned to training- and validation groups. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression and Cox regression model were used to determine and develop a predictive model. The model was corroborated using the validation group and the entire group. In total, 259 ferroptosis-related genes and 905 ferroptosis-related LncRNAs were obtained. Cox model revealed and constructed seven ferroptosis-related LncRNAs signature (LINC01503, AC004687.1, AC010973.2, AP001189.3, ARRDC1-AS1, OIP5-AS1, and NCK1-DT). Patients were assigned into two groups according to the median risk score. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that overall survival between high- and low-risk groups was statistically significant (P

Keshan disease (KD) is a mitochondrial cardiomyopathy. The present study explored the roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), the key regulator of mitochondrial structure and function, and its coactivators in myocardial injury in chronic KD. Furthermore, the usefulness of these molecules in the diagnosis of chronic KD was assessed.In the present case-control study, 43 patients with chronic KD and 30 healthy individuals living in KD endemic areas were included. The myocardial injury indicators and mRNA expression levels of PGC-1α, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), PPARα, and estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) in peripheral blood were examined.It was found that the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were higher in patients with chronic KD, when compared to controls, while the level of bradykinin was lower. Furthermore, the PGC-1α, NRF1 and PPARα mRNA levels were higher in patients with KD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the optimal diagnostic threshold of LDH was 0.937 and 304.0 U/L, respectively. It is noteworthy that the area under the combined receiver operating characteristic curve was larger, when compared to that for LDH detection alone (Z=2.055, P=0.0399). The area under the curve for the "LDH+PPARα" combination was 0.984, with 96.7% sensitivity and 93.0% specificity.The combined detection of LDH and the expression of PPARα can be performed to diagnose the chronic KD.

The phase behaviors of a polydimethylsiloxane-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) block copolymer (PDMS-b-P2VP, DV) tuned by the supramolecular self-assembly approach with the 1-pyrenebutyric acid (PBA) as additive were investigated. The PDMS-b-P2VP block copolymer (D10kV12.5k, the molecular weight of the PDMS and P2VP were 10000 and 12500 g mol−1, respectively) with volume fraction of P2VP (fP2VP) 52% exhibited hexagonally perforated layer (HPL) morphology after dried from the solution, and the nanostructure transformed to gyroid structure after thermal annealing above 140 oC, which were indicated by the small-angle X-ray diffraction (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. Through solution blending method, a series of H-bonding supramolecular complexes of PDMS-b-P2VP with PBA were fabricated. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments demonstrated that the PBA molecules uniformly interacted with P2VP through H-bonding and the glass transition temperature of P2VP(PBA)x decreased with the increase of the mole ratio (x) of PBA/2VP. Due to the increase of the volume fraction of P2VP(PBA)x and that of the stretching extent of the P2VP backbone as the x value increased, the microphase-separated nanostructures transformed from HPL to hexagonally packed cylinder (HEX), then to body centered cubic (BCC) structure and then to disordered spheres morphologies. When the PDMS-b-P2VP(PBA)x complexes were heated above 120 oC, the H-bonding between the P2VP and PBA was broken and the PBA became compatible within both PDMS and P2VP domains and thus the nanostructure of the PDMS-b-P2VP(PBA)x complexes transformed accordingly. Therefore, a variety of the nanostructures and structural transformations were induced by the H-bonding formation and disassociation based on one block copolymer.

To investigate the community promotion feasibility of superficial needling plus club swing for post-stroke motion impairment of the shoulder joint. A total of 180 cases (duration 0.05). After a 60-day treatment, the shoulder pain severity, active range of motion of the shoulder joint and ADL in the observation group were significantly improved than those in the control group (all P

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Introduction: Stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) is a common clinical style in patients with coronary artery disease. Inflammation and immune injury in SCAD have been proven. Current interventions can relieve patients’ symptoms, but none are stable to improve the immune damage significantly. Chinese herb is used to treat stable angina pectoris as an alternative therapy. Taoren Honghua Jian granule (THJG) is a classical formula from which patients can benefit, but lack convincing evidence. Therefore, we report a protocol of high-quality randomized controlled trial. Methods/design: We will conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of THJG in relief of symptoms and blood immune indexes. A total of 80 patients with SCAD will be enrolled, and treated with THJG or placebo for 4 weeks. The primary outcome measurement is change of integral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score from baseline to 4 weeks’ treatment. The 2nd outcome measurements include change of integral TCM syndrome scores from baseline to 2 weeks’ treatment and another 4 weeks’ follow-up, inflammation indexes at baseline and 4 weeks’ treatment. It also includes Seattle Angina Questionnaire, major adverse cardiovascular events, Athens Insomnia scale, and 36-item short form health survey score from baseline to 2 weeks’ and 4 weeks’ treatment, and another 4 weeks’ follow-up. Adverse events will be evaluated throughout the trial. Discussion: The results of this trial will prove whether THJG could alleviate symptoms, control inflammation, and improve quality of life in patients with SCAD. Trial registration: ChiCTR1900021772, registered 8 March, 2019.

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a clinically common coronary heart disease. Vitamin D might be beneficial in CAD patients through its favorable effects on inflammation biomarkers. This study will be performed to examine the effects of Vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory markers in CAD patients. Methods We will search the electronical databases and hand-searching journals or reference lists. The study screening and data extraction will be carried out by 2 investigators independently. The primary outcome is inflammatory biomarkers of peripheral blood. Secondary outcomes are triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure. Review Manager (RevMan, version 5.3; The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark: http://community.cochrane.org) V.5.3 software will be used to compute the data. Results The results of the study will provide a reliable evidence to assess the efficacy of Vitamin D supplement on inflammation biomarkers of CAD patients. Conclusion The conclusion of our systematic review will answer whether Vitamin D is an effective intervention to relieve inflammation of CAD patients. Ethics Because all of the data used in this review has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Registration number INPLASY202060072.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) at Houxi (SI 3) in treating acute lumbar sprain.

Objective To observe the efficacy of acupoint selection by meridian differentiation plus qi-guiding needling in treating lumbar disc herniation (LDH).

In this paper, we present an algorithm for voice speed changing and pitch shifting based on TD-PSOLA. MATLAB simulation results indicate this algorithm can effectively improve the precision of pitch detection and convert speech into desired one. After the algorithm being realized and optimized, a real-time system is implemented on DSP, which can produce desired fundamental frequency and duration.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Guanxinkang (GXK) decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on serum lipids and apolipoprotein A I (ApoA I), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A protein (SAA) and fibrinogen (Fbg) concentrations of ApoE-knockout mice with atherosclerosis, and to explore the mechanism of GXK decoction in anti-atherosclerosis. METHODS Seventy 6-week-old ApoE-knockout mice receiving a high-cholesterol diet were used to induce atherosclerosis and were randomly divided into 5 groups: untreated group, simvastatin group and low- (drug concentration is 0.864 g/mL), medium- (1.728 g/mL), and high-dose (3.456 g/mL) GXK groups. Another fourteen 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice were used as the normal control. Two 12-week-old mice were randomly selected from the normal control and the ApoE-knockout mice respectively to observe vulnerable plaque in the mouse's aortic by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Blood was collected from venous plexus of eye socket after gavage of corresponding drugs once daily for 8 weeks continuously, and then the serum was separated. Triglyceride (TAG) and total cholesterol (TC) were measured by enzyme-coupled assay; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by selective precipitation method. Serum levels of ApoA I and ApoB were determined by turbidimetry. Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect ApoE, CRP, SAA and Fbg concentrations in serum. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, the levels of serum TC, TAG, LDL-C, ApoB, CRP, SAA and Fbg in the untreated group were increased (P

The research and development of metal supramolecular complexes as anticancer supramolecular drugs, which are aggregates mainly formed by one or more inorganic metal compounds with one or more either inorganic or organic molecules in general via coordination bonds, has been a quite rapidly developing, increasingly active and newly rising highlight interdisciplinary field. Numerous efforts have been directed toward metal supramolecular complexes as potential anticancer agents and the unprecedented progress has been made. This has opened up a wholly new and infinite space to create novel metal-based bioactive supermolecules. More importantly, metal-based complex supermolecules as potential anticancer agents with wide potential applications have become highlight topics in recent years, and are becoming increasingly useful and important in preventing and treating cancer diseases. In view of the rapid progress in metal complex anticancer supermolecules with rich variation of structural types, this work systematically reviewed the recent research and development of the whole range of metal-based supramolecular complexes as anticancer agents mainly in 2009. The perspectives of the foreseeable future and potential application of metal supramolecular complexes in cancer therapy were also presented. It is hoped that this review will serve as a stimulant for new thoughts in the quest for rational designs of more active and less toxic metal supramolecular complex anticancer drugs.

Objective To observe the effects of Guanxinkang injection, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel subunits in ischemic myocardial cells of rats, and to explore the mechanism of Guanxinkang in protecting myocardial ischemic reperfusion injuries. Methods Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, untreated group, glibenclamide group, pinacidil group, Guanxinkang group and Guanxinkang plus glibenclamide group. The ventricular myocytes were prepared from hearts of normal rats by enzymatic dissociation method. The ischemic ventricular myocytes underwent perfusion with normal Tyrode solution for 10 min, then stopping perfusion 30 min, and followed by 45 min of reperfusion. The glibenclamide, pinacidil and Guanxinkang were added into ventricular myocytes solution directly. Then the solutions were placed at 4 degrees centigrade. After 24-hour freezing at -80 degrees centigrade, mRNA and protein expressions of KATP subunits Kir6.1, Kir6.2, SUR2A and SUR2B were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting respectively. Results In normal rat myocardial cells, there were SUR2A, Kir6.1, and Kir6.2 protein and gene expressions but no expression of SUR2B protein. In the untreated group, all subunit mRNA and protein expressions of KATP increased to some extent as compared with the normal group. Pinacidil, a potassium channel opener, significantly increased mRNA and protein expressions of KATP subunits, while the blocker glibenclamide had a reverse effect. Meanwhile, Guanxinkang injection significantly increased mRNA and protein expressions of K(ATP) subunits but with no significant difference as compared with pinacidil. Conclusion Guanxinkang injection can obviously enhance the open of KATP channel and thus play a role in cardiovascular protection.

A series of novel 1,2,4-triazolium derivatives was synthesized starting from commercially available 1H-1,2,4-triazole, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl chloride, or 2,4-difluorobenzyl bromide. Their antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus proteus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans ATCC 76615, and Aspergillus fumigatus. All structures of the new compounds were confirmed by NMR, IR, and MS spectra, and elemental analyses. The antimicrobial tests showed that most of synthesized triazolium derivatives exhibit significant antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro. 1-(2,4-Difluorobenzyl)-4-dodecyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium bromide and 1-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-4-dodecyl-1H-1,2,4- triazol-4-ium bromide were the most potent compounds against all tested strains with the MIC values ranging from 1.05 to 8.38 microM. They exhibited much stronger activities than the standard drugs chloramphenicol and fluconazole which are in clinical use. The results also showed that the antimicrobial activities of triazolium derivatives depend upon the type of substituent, the length of the alkyl chain, and the number of triazolium rings.

Supramolecular medicinal chemistry field has been a quite rapidly developing, increasingly active and newly rising interdiscipline which is the new expansion of supramolecular chemistry in pharmaceutical sciences, and is gradually becoming a relatively independent scientific area. Supramolecular drugs could be defined as medicinal supermolecules formed by two or more molecules through non-covalent bonds. So far a lot of supermolecules as chemical drugs have been widely used in clinics. Supermolecules as chemical drugs, i.e. supramolecular chemical drugs or supramolecular drugs, which might have the excellences of lower cost, shorter period, higher potential as clinical drugs for their successful research and development, may possess higher bioavailability, better biocompatibility and drug-targeting, fewer multidrug-resistances, lower toxicity, less adverse effect, and better curative effects as well as safety, and therefore exhibit wide potential application. These overwhelming advantages have drawn enormous special attention. This paper gives the definition of supramolecular drugs, proposes the concept of supramolecular chemical drugs, and systematically reviews the recent advances in the research and development of supermolecules, including organic and inorganic complex ones as chemical drugs in the area of antitumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, antivirus, anti-epileptic, cardiovascular agents and magnetic resonance imaging agents and so on. The perspectives of the foreseeable future and potential application of supramolecules as chemical drugs are also presented.

The Inductive power transfer (IPT) systems' efficiency is determined by kinds of parameters. Aim at maximum the power transfer efficiency for Inductive power transfer (IPT) system, the efficiency of four basic topology IPT systems is analyzed. Based on the analysis, genetic algorithms (GA) are used to optimize IPT systems parameters to achieve the maximum of the power transfer efficiency. Before the GA optimization process, the IPT systems are compensated in a resonance condition which can achieve to minimize VA rating of the power supply and maximum power transfer. In the process of GA optimization, to ensure the final solutions achieving bifurcation-free operation, the solutions that generate bifurcation phenomenon (multi zero phase angle frequency) are excluded. The simulation results verify that the GA can find the best optimal solutions for all topology IPT systems.

Garlic is a common spicy flavouring agent also used for certain therapeutic purposes. Garlic's effects on blood glucose have been the subject of many clinical and animal studies, however, studies reporting hypoglycemic effects of garlic in humans are conflicting. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant trials of garlic or garlic extracts on markers of glycemic control [fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial glucose (PPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)]. A meta-analysis of the effect of garlic intake on human was done to assess garlic's effectiveness in lowering glucose levels. Two reviewers extracted data from each of the identified studies. Seven eligible randomized controlled trials with 513 subjects were identified. Pooled analyses showed that garlic intake results in a statistically significant lowering in FBG [SMD=-1.67; 95% CI (-2.80, -0.55), p=0.004]. Our pooled analyses did not include PPG control and HbA1c outcomes. Because only 1 study included in the meta-analysis reported PPG variables and only 2 studies reported HbA1c variables. In conclusion, the current meta-analysis showed that the administration of garlic resulted in a significant reduction in FBG concentrations. More trials are needed to investigate the effectiveness of garlic on HbA1c and PPG.大蒜是一种常见的辛辣调味剂，也可用于某些疾病的治疗。目前已有关于大蒜 对血糖影响的临床和动物研究。但各研究结论存在争议。本研究通过meta分析 探讨大蒜对人体血糖的影响。全面检索相关数据库，对符合纳入标准的随机对 照研究，由两位评审员按Cochrane系统评价方法独立进行资料提取、质量评价 并交叉核对后进行meta分析。共纳入7篇随机对照试验文章，合计513人。Meta 分析结果显示：与安慰剂对照组相比，大蒜摄入组空腹血糖水平显著降低 [SMD=-1.67；95% CI （-2.80，-0.55），p=0.004]。由于纳入的研究中仅有1个 研究提供了餐后血糖相关数据，2个研究提供糖化血红蛋白相关数据，故本研 究未对餐后血糖和糖化血红蛋白进行meta分析。总之，本研究结果提示大蒜摄 入可以降低空腹血糖水平。仍需更多研究探讨大蒜对糖化血红蛋白及餐后血糖 的影响。.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Guanxinkang (GXK) decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), liver X receptor α (LXRα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mice with atherosclerosis. METHODS Fourteen 6-week-old C57BL/6 J mice were used as normal control group. Seventy 6-week-old ApoE-knockout mice receiving a high-cholesterol diet to induce atherosclerosis were randomly divided into untreated group, simvastatin group and low-dose (concentration of crude drugs at 0.864 g/mL), medium-dose (crude drugs at 1.728 g/mL) and high-dose (crude drugs at 3.456 g/mL) GXK groups. After treated with the drugs for eight weeks continuously, the livers and aortas of mice were separated. The expressions of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting respectively. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, mRNAs and proteins of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 over-expressed in the untreated group (P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Guanxinkang (GXK) on ATP-sensitive potassium channel in myocardial cells of rat with ischemic/reperfusion injury and its possible mechanism for cardiac vascular protection and anti-myocardial ischemia.Wistar rats were established into I/R injured models by 10 min perfusion--30 min no-flow ischemia--45 min reperfusion, and divided into 5 groups: the I/R model group and 4 treatment groups treated respectively with glibenclamide, pinacidil, GXK and GXK+glibenclamide. Rats' heart were isolated for detecting Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in myocardial cells, and the changes of current in ATP-sensive potassium channel (K(ATP)) was recorded by whole patch clamp technique. Data were controlled by those taken from normal rats in a control group.K(ATP) in the GXK treated group were higher than that in the I/R model group; and similar to that in the pinacidil treated group (P0.05). As compared with the model group, activities of Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in the GXK treated group were increased significantly (P0.05).GXK shows definite intervention effect on myocardial I/R injury; which is possibly by way of furthering the opening of K(ATP) channel, decreasing Ca2+ influx, and inhibiting Ca2+ overload.

Naphthalimide-derived azoles as a new type of antimicrobial agents were synthesized and evaluated for their efficiency in vitro against eight bacteria and two fungi by two fold serial dilution technique. Most title compounds exhibited good antimicrobial potency with low MIC values ranging from 1 to 16μg/mL. Notably, some synthesized compounds displayed comparable or even better antibacterial and antifungal activities against some tested strains than the reference drugs Orbifloxacin, Chloromycin and Fluconazole, respectively.

Through an analysis of 2 databases, we describe outcomes among 11 958 neonates with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac procedures, with 194 developing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Neonates with congestive heart failure or those undergoing systemic to pulmonary artery shunting were more likely to develop NEC, but these patients had inpatient mortality similar to that of their non-NEC counterparts.

A series of novel 1,2,4-triazolium derivatives was synthesized starting from commercially available 1H-1,2,4-triazole, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl chloride, or 2,4-difluorobenzyl bromide. Their antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus proteus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans ATCC 76615, and Aspergillus fumigatus. All structures of the new compounds were confirmed by NMR, IR, and MS spectra, and elemental analyses. The antimicrobial tests showed that most of synthesized triazolium derivatives exhibit significant antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro. 1-(2,4-Difluorobenzyl)-4-dodecyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium bromide and 1-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-4-dodecyl-1H-1,2,4- triazol-4-ium bromide were the most potent compounds against all tested strains with the MIC values ranging from 1.05 to 8.38 μM. They exhibited much stronger activities than the standard drugs chloramphenicol and fluconazole which are in clinical use. The results also showed that the antimicrobial activities of triazolium derivatives depend upon the type of substituent, the length of the alkyl chain, and the number of triazolium rings.

In the title compound, C26H16ClN3O3, the dihedral angle between the anthracene mean plane and imidazole ring is 64.75 (2)°. In the crystal, π–π interactions between anthracene fragments lead to the formation of stacks of molecules propagating in [100]. The short distance between the carbonyl groups of symmetry-related molecules [C...O = 2.985 (2) Å] indicates the existence of dipole–dipole interactions. The crystal packing also exhibits short intermolecular contacts between the nitro groups and Cl atoms [Cl...O = 3.181 (2) Å].

OBJECTIVE To study the modulation of Jianjining Recipe (JJNR), a traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine for invigorating spleen and kidney on differential protein expression in spleen of rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). METHODS EAMG rats were randomly divided into four groups: untreated group, JJNR-treated group, Qiangji Jianli capsule (QJJLC, a traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine)-treated group and prednisolone acetate (PA)-treated group. After therapeutic intervention with the above drugs for four consecutive weeks, the level of differential protein expression was analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS Twelve differential proteins were identified by comparing EAMG rats and normal rats. The levels of allograft inflammatory factor-1, peroxiredoxin I and actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 were significantly regulated by JJNR (P

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to establish two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles of serum of myasthenia gravis patients, and to identify the differential proteomic expressions between normal persons and myasthenia gravis patients with spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome. METHODS Samples of serum protein were extracted by repeated freeze-thaw method and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Differential proteomic expressions between the myasthenia gravis patients and the normal control persons were identified by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, silver staining, image-master 2-DE software analysis, peptide mass fingerprinting based on matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), BioWorks and NCBI software database searching. RESULTS The two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of serum proteins were successfully established by 2-DE. Twenty-one of the significant differential proteins were selected and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Eight of them were finally identified. CONCLUSIONS The 2-DE profiles of serum proteins were established and the differential proteomic expressions were identified by proteome technique in our study. This can be an experimental basis for further research of the pathogenesis and treatment of myasthenia gravis.

In the title molecule, C14H13N3O3, the dihedral angle between the triazole ring and coumarin ring system is 73.01 (4)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak intermolecular C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C16H15BrO3, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the two benzene rings is 76.64 (2)°. In the crystal structure, there are weak π–π stacking interactions, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.724 (3) Å, as well as an intermolecular C...Br distance [3.495 (2) Å] which is slightly less than the sum of the van der Waals radii for these atoms.

ObjectiveAstragaloside IV (AsIV) is the major effective component extracted from the Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus, which has been widely used to treat cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that AsIV can potentially protect the heart from myocardial ischemic injury, but the mechanisms of action are unknown. ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are activated during ischemia and exert a compensatory protective effect on cardiomyocytes. We therefore examined the effects of AsIV on KATP channel currents and channel expression in isolated rat ventricular cardiomyocytes after ischemia-reperfusion injury.MethodsForty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control group, ischemia-reperfusion (IP) group, IP + glibenclamide group, IP + pinacidil group and IP + AsIV group. The ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established in enzymatically isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes by perfusion with calcium-free Tyrode solution for 10 min, arrest for 30 min, and reperfusion for 45 min. The different drugs were applied for 10-15 min, and the KATP channel current (IKATP) was recorded with voltage-clamp mode by whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Protein and mRNA expression of the KATP channel subunits Kir6.1, Kir6.2, SUR2A and SUR2B was quantified using western blotting and real-time PCR.ResultsThe KATP current in IP group was significantly greater than that in control group (211.45±33.67 vs 83.51±23.67 pA; P