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Impatiens bullatisepala (Balsaminaceae), a new species supported by morphological and phylogenetic evidence from Fanjing Mountain, Guizhou province in China, is described here. It is morphologically similar to I. davidii but can be distinguished by its dorsally ridged lateral sepals with sunk reticulate veins and bullate projections on abaxial surface, 2–2.5 cm deep saccate lower sepal with ca. 0.8 cm long narrowly triangular tip at the mouth, and broadly ovate dorsal petal. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of nuclear ITS and plastid atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer DNA sequences furtherly confirmed its novelty.

Impatiens sterilis (Balsaminaceae), discovered in Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated here. It belongs to I. section Racemosae and is related to I. scutisepala. I. sterilis differs from the latter species in the shape of the leaf blades and the lower sepal, the number of lateral sepals, and producing some reduced sterile inflorescences at the end of anthesis. Detailed notes on morphology, key diagnostic characters, distribution, pollen and seed morphology, conservation status and color photographs are provided for the identification of the new species.

Impatiens longshanensis (The LSID for the name Impatiens longshanensis is: 77219154-1) sp. nov. and I. lihengiana (The LSID for the name I. lihengiana is: 77219153-1) sp. nov., from Hunan, China, are described and illustrated here. The molecular phylogenetic study suggests that I. longshanensis and I. lihengiana should be placed in the I. sect. Impatiens. A detailed description, diagnostic characters between the two new species and allied species, pollen and seed morphology, and color photographs are provided. In addition, based on wide sampling, we found that the longifilamenta group, an endemic group to China, whose members have basal lobes of lateral united petals with long filamentous hairs, shows significant morphological variability. In this paper, we discuss the taxonomic significance of morphological characteristics within this group. Based on a literature review and observation of living materials in the field, an updated identification key for this group is also proposed.

Impatiens shangjiangensis Y.Y. Cong & J.Z. Gu, a new species of Balsaminaceae from Lushui County, Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. It is similar to I. bahanensis, but differs from it in having bigger flowers, a curved-saccate lower sepal, and a reniform dorsal petal. Pollen grains are also different in the two species.

During the review progress of a manuscript describing a new species from Xizang (Tibet), we found that, close to acceptance of our manuscript, the same species had just been published as Begonia medogensis. For better understanding this species, we supplemented the description of this species with further illustrations, additional specimens, updated distribution map, further comparison with similar species and a conservation assessment (NT).

Impatiens liboensis K. M. Liu & R. P. Kuang, a new species collected from Xiaoqikong Scenic Area in southern Guizhou, China, is described and illustrated, including its seed and pollen micro-morphology. Impatiens liboensis is similar to I. chishuiensis Y. X. Xiong and I. tubulosa Hemsl., but differs by having obviously irregular underground tubers, white or pink–white flowers, lower sepal with a 1.2–1.5 cm long spur, obovate dorsal petal, and obovate-oblong or obliquely obovate lower lobes of the lateral petals with retuse apex.

Impatiens quadriloba K. M. Liu et Y. L. Xiang sp. nov. collected from the Siguniang Mountains Nature Reserve in northwestern Sichuan, China, is described and illustrated. The seed-coat and pollen morphology of the new species are described and diagnostic morphological characters that distinguish the new species from the related I. falcifer Hook. f. are discussed.

Impatiens yaoshanensis K.M. Liu & Y.Y. Cong sp. nova (Balsaminaceae) is described from northern Yunnan, China, and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to I. cyanantha, I. purpurea, I. blinii, I. pseudo-kingii, and I. loulanensis. The distinguishing characters are given in a key to the six species.