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探討應用虛擬實境於技術型高中自閉症學生職業技能的可用性，以科技接受模式、認知負荷與認知焦慮理論為基礎，以知覺有用性、知覺易用性、認知負荷、認知焦慮與系統提示作為問卷構面，由自閉症學生體驗虛擬實境語音版與字幕版的切小黃瓜任務後填寫問卷，回收40份有效問卷，以Spearman等級相關係數檢驗知覺有用性、知覺易用性、認知負荷、認知焦慮與提示模式對行為意圖之關係。結果自閉症學生知覺有用性與職業技能行為意圖達正向關係，知覺有用性越高，使用VR學習職業技能的行為意圖越高；知覺易用性與職業技能行為意圖達正向關係，知覺易用性越高，使用虛擬實境學習職業技能的行為意圖越高；不同智力水準認知負荷達顯著差異，合併智能障礙的自閉症學生認知負荷與行為意圖無相關，未合併智能障礙的自閉症學生為負向關係；不同智力水準認知焦慮達顯著差異，合併智能障礙的自閉症學生認知焦慮與行為意圖無相關，未合併智能障礙的自閉症學生認知焦慮與行為意圖為負向，即認知焦慮越高，應用虛擬實境學習職業技能行為意圖越低；自閉症學生系統提示模式與行為意圖為正向，合併智能障礙的自閉症學生偏好語音旁白與字幕之提示模式，未合併智能障礙的自閉症學生偏好藍色閃爍與字幕的提示模式。 The usability of virtual reality (VR) for vocational students with autism spectrum dis-order (ASD) was uncommon. The purpose was to evaluate that these students adopt the theories of technology acceptance model, cognitive load, cognitive anxiety, and take per-ceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, cognitive load, cognitive anxiety and system prompts. Students with ASD took the task of cutting cucumber in the VR voice version and the VR subtitle version respectively and filled out the questionnaires. The results of the study showed that perceived usefulness of students with ASD has a positive relationship with be-havioral intention. The positive relationship between perceived ease of use and behavioral intention, the higher perceived ease of use, the higher behavioral intention of using VR. The cognitive load of different levels of intelligence had reached significant differences. There were significant differences in cognitive anxiety among different levels of intelligence. The cognitive anxiety of students with ASD with intellectual disability was not related to be-havioral intention. The system prompt mode of students with ASD had a positive relationship with behavioral intentions, but the system prompt modes of different intelligence levels were different. The students with ASD with intellectual disabilities preferred voice narration and caption description prompt modes, and the students with ASD without intellectual disabilities preferred blue flashing and caption description mode. &nbsp

人芽囊原蟲(Blastocystis hominis)是常見於人類胃腸道的單細胞寄生蟲。它的致病性仍未知。一位78歲女性，為腎臟癌合併肺部轉移，抱怨右上腹疼痛。腹部超音波及電腦斷層顯示肝臟右葉一個巨大囊腫，囊液檢測顯示許多人芽囊原蟲。之後接受首次metronidazole 14天療程。一年後，因囊腫引流導致囊內出血及橫膈下腔血腫，接受手術切除肝臟囊腫。囊液檢測再次顯示許多人芽囊原蟲。在metronidazole 20天療程後的45天糞便檢查呈現陰性。據我們所知，這是第一個肝臟囊腫感染人芽囊原蟲的案例報告。對於此受感染肝臟囊腫足夠抗生素療程的確認及其引流或切除的必要性，仍待未來進一步的研究探討。 Blastocystis hominis is a unicellular parasitic microorganism commonly found in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans. Its pathogenicity remains uncertain. A 78-year-old female patient with renal cell carcinoma and lung metastasis complained of right upper quadrant pain. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography scan showed a huge liver cyst in which a plethora of Blastocystis hominis was identified through cyst fluid analysis. The patient then received her first course of metronidazole treatment for 14 days. One year later, she underwent resection of the liver cyst due to internal bleeding and subphrenic hematoma induced by cyst drainage procedure. Cyst fluid analysis again revealed a profusion of Blastocystis hominis. Stool examination showed a negative result 45 days after a course of metronidazole for 20 days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of the presence of Blastocystis hominis in liver cyst. However, further studies are required to determine the adequate course of antibiotic treatment and necessity of drainage or resection of the infected liver cyst. &nbsp

For decades, researchers have been exploring pattern-forming instabilities in free surface thin films in the hope of developing alternative lithographic techniques for applications only requiring resolution limits in the submicron range. Previous studies have shown how the pitch and shape of elements in an array can be varied by adjusting the magnitude of surface forces and growth time prior to solidification in situ. Since the formations emerge naturally from an initial flat molten film, the final arrays exhibit ultrasmooth interfaces and are therefore ideally suited to beam-shaping applications such as thin-film micro-optics. Progress in this field has stalled, however, due to the very nature of the formation process. Even when great care is taken to ensure that initial films are defect-free, final arrays still exhibit unacceptable variability in pitch, shape, and height due to ubiquitous sources of noise responsible for instability and growth. In this work, we focus on a thermocapillary instability in slender molten films exposed to a very large thermal gradient. We begin with a discussion and demonstration of why this instability inextricably leads to highly disordered arrays even if initialized by a film with very small amplitude surface roughness. We then demonstrate how spatially periodic modulation of the thermal field, implemented in three different ways, can induce synchronous growth of highly uniform periodic arrays despite noisy initial conditions. Results based on linear and weakly nonlinear stability analysis, Bloch wave analysis, and direct numerical simulation of the interface equation reveal how resonant wavelength excitations occurring between the modulation and instability driving fields are responsible for such rapid and coherent growth. An additional benefit is that the modulation field can be selected to yield an array pitch much smaller than in unmodulated systems.

Microalgae, a group of photosynthetic microorganisms rich in diverse and novel bioactive metabolites, have been explored for the production of biofuels, high value-added compounds as food and feeds, and pharmaceutical chemicals as agents with therapeutic benefits. This article reviews the development of omics resources and genetic engineering techniques including gene transformation methodologies, mutagenesis, and genome-editing tools in microalgae biorefinery and wastewater treatment (WWT). The introduction of these enlisted techniques has simplified the understanding of complex metabolic pathways undergoing microalgal cells. The multiomics approach of the integrated omics datasets, big data analysis, and machine learning for the discovery of objective traits and genes responsible for metabolic pathways was reviewed. Recent advances and limitations of multiomics analysis and genetic bioengineering technology to facilitate the improvement of microalgae as the dual role of WWT and biorefinery feedstock production are discussed.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of death, resulting in over 700 thousand deaths annually worldwide. Chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic strategy for patients with late-stage HCC. Heteronemin is a marine natural product isolated from Hippospongia sp. that has been found to protect against carcinogenesis in cholangiocarcinoma, prostate cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, heteronemin was found to inhibit the proliferation of the HCC cell lines HA22T and HA59T and induce apoptosis via the caspase pathway. Heteronemin treatment also induced the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with heteronemin-induced cell death, and to trigger ROS removal by mitochondrial SOD2 rather than cytosolic SOD1. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was associated with ROS-induced cell death, and heteronemin downregulated the expression of ERK, a MAPK that is associated with cell proliferation. Inhibitors of JNK and p38, which are MAPKs associated with apoptosis, restored heteronemin-induced cell death. In addition, heteronemin treatment reduced the expression of GPX4, a protein that inhibits ferroptosis, which is a novel form of nonapoptotic programmed cell death. Ferroptosis inhibitor treatment also restored heteronemin-induced cell death. Thus, with appropriate structural modification, heteronemin can act as a potent therapeutic against HCC.

Background Studies on the association between polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) and acute respiratory failure (ARF) are considerably limited. We investigated whether ARF is associated with PM/DM using a nationwide cohort study. Methods We identified 1,374 patients with newly diagnosed PM/DM and 13,740 comparison individuals without PM/DM (non-PM/DM) randomly selected from the general population; frequency matched by age, sex, and index year using the National Health Insurance Research Database; and followed up until the end of 2011 to measure the incidence of ARF. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to measure the hazard ratio (HR) of ARF for the PM/DM cohort in comparison with the non-PM/DM cohort. Results The adjusted HR of ARF was 5.05 for the PM/DM cohort compared with the non-PM/DM cohort after adjusting for sex, age, comorbidities, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score and medicine. The risk of ARF significantly increased irrespective of age, sex, comorbidities and medicine. Meanwhile, the PM/DM cohort with comorbidities, such as cardiac disease (hypertension), pulmonary disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia), and pulmonary vascular diseases had additive effects on the incident ARF. Conclusions This study determined the cross-reaction of pulmonary heart disease in the PM/DM cohort with incident ARF even without comorbidities.

In this paper, a mixed-level design methodology for digitally controlled power converter IC is proposed. The proposed design methodology can reduce time for debugging and accelerate design period for digitally controlled power converter IC designers. With proper mixing of behavioral model, register-transfer level (RTL) model and transistor level model, the simulation can be more time effective without losing accuracy. The proposed design methodology is demonstrated with digital control voltage mode buck converter IC and the chip was manufactured by TSMC 0.18-$\mu $textbfm CMOS process. The measurement results shows the consistent with simulation results. In addition, simulation time is much less than traditional design methodology.

This study applies the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-based Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) to measure productivity growth in Taiwanese biotechnology industry over time. The contemporaneous MPI and the global MPI are used to estimate and compare changes in productivity. In this study, we provide a single measurement of productivity change and its decompositions, that is, the global MPI. This index satisfies the circularity property and is free from the problem of base period dependency. Our results show that changes in productivity in the biotechnology industry are progressing. Under the assumption of Variable Returns to Scale (VRS), the sources of productivity change could be decomposed into Efficiency Change (EC), Best Practice Change (BPC) and Scale Change (SC). As result, the BPC and SC are progressing except for EC.

Background Wrong-site surgeries (including wrong-site, wrong-person and wrong-procedure errors) remain the number one problem among adverse events of health care delivery. Patients and/or family members should be involved when possible to help prevent such errors. Aims 1) Design an educational animation program about patient safety for patients and/or family members to help eliminate wrong-site surgery errors. 2) Evaluate its educational effect. Methods The animation developed for this study includes an introduction, hypothetical story, and guided information, and was presented at a tertiary medical center in northern Taiwan. A single-group pretest and posttest design was used. Results Forty-six patients and 48 family members participated in the study. The pre-training score was 3.6 (on a scale of 1–4). After watching the animation, there was no significant increase (0.08 ± 0.5) for the patient group, but the family member group showed significant improvement (0.21 ± 0.6, P = .0309). Most participants (98.9%) were satisfied with the animation. Conclusion The majority of participants reported good practices for avoiding wrong-site surgery mistakes before an operation. A significant improvement of post-training scores in the family member group was seen. The high satisfaction rating given by the participants after seeing the animation indicates that it was generally acceptable.

Background: Programs for improving safety in medication often ignore the patient's perspective although patients are usually the victims of medication errors. Therefore, educating patients or family members to participate in safety prevention on medication use during care delivery is essential. The aim was to develop a computer education multimedia on patient's safe use of medication, and evaluate its acceptability and short-term effect. Methods: The one group pre- and post-training design was used in outpatient or inpatient setting at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, where located at northern Taiwan. A questionnaire about the past and future practice of medication use, and their satisfaction towards the multimedia was asked. Results: One hundred twenty two participants were enrolled. The score of pretest were higher in family members than that in the patients (p = 0.0152). After showing the education multimedia, significant increase on the posttest was seen in both the patients (0.43 ± 0.6, p< 0.0001) and the family members (0.32 ± 0.6, p< 0.0001). Overall satisfaction was 98.2%. Conclusion: Our education multimedia had short-term effect on raising the participants' awareness towards the safe use of medication. Their satisfaction of the multimedia was very high.

Cr4+:YAG crystal has been shown an exceptionally successful ultra broad-band amplified spontaneous emission light source that fully cover 1253–1530 nm range (3 dB bandwidth up to 265 nm). Keeping in mind that the amplified spontaneous emission of Cr4+:YAG is proportional to the concentration of Cr4+ ions. The Cr4+ ions are replenished using an electron-gun to deposit CaO on the source rod circumference under annealing treatment at 1350 °C. The laser-heated pedestal growth method was employed to re-grow the Cr4+:YAG single-clad crystal fiber. The doped concentration of CaO can be in-diffuse and it can serve as charge compensators to enhance the concentration of Cr4+ ions. The experimental results indicate that the Cr4+ concentration of Cr4+:YAG crystal fiber can be raised by a factor of 196 %.

Among 176 patients who had had severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), SARS-specific antibodies were maintained for an average of 2 years, and significant reduction of immunoglobulin G-positive percentage and titers occurred in the third year. Thus, SARS patients might be susceptible to reinfection >or=3 years after initial exposure.

Benzothiazoles containing a substituted-phenyl at the 2 position can be synthesized cleanly and efficiently from the corresponding bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfide. Bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfides represent a stable source of 2-aminobenzenethiols.

Benzothiazoles containing a substituted-phenyl at the 2 position can be synthesized cleanly and efficiently from the corresponding bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfide. Bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfides represent a stable source of 2-aminobenzenethiols.

The inhomogeneous differential equation x″ + sinx = δ sin(t + t0)/ϵ describes the motion of a sinusoidally forced pendulum. The orbits that connect the two saddle points of the unforced (δ = 0) pendulum are called separatices. If ϵ = O (1) , then one can use Melnikov's method to show that these separatrices can split for weak forcing (δ ⪡ 1), and that the perturbed motion is chaotic. If ϵ ⪡ 1, Melnikov's method fails because the perturbation term is not analytic in ϵ at ϵ = 0. In this paper we show that for δ ⪡ 1 and ϵ ⪡1, the solution of the perturbed problem exhibits a symmetry to all orders in an asymptotic expansion. From the asymptotic expansion it follows that the separatrices split by an amount that is at most transcendentally small. This proof differs from that of Holmes, Marsden and Scheurle.

To study the epidemic situation and dominant strain of influenza in children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) during Flu season from Oct. 2005 to Mar. 2006 in Taiyuan.Madin-darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay were used to isolate and identify type A influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) and B influenza viruses from clinical samples collected from outpatients who visited the Department of Pediatric because of ARI from Oct. 2005 to Mar. 2006. Oct. 2005 and Mar. 2006, we collected 415 blood samples from children and adults to detect the influenza virus antibody titers by HI test to exclude respiratory diseases.7 strains of H1N1 were isolated from 87 clinical specimens, with a positive rate of H1N1 as 8.04%. Out of 415 blood samples being collected, the positive rates and the geometric mean titer of H1N1 antibody Mar. 2006 were significantly higher in 0-3, 3-7 and 7-18 year-olds than Oct.2005.H1N1 epidemic influenza did occur among children in winter and spring of 2005--2006 in Taiyuan city.

This paper concerns with the split of a separatrix of a nonlinear pendulum by a small but rapid sinsusoidal forcing. A partial answer is given, with main result, road map and proof of δ-asymptotic expansion.

A series of 2-aryl-4,7-benzothiazoledicarboxylic acids have been synthesized from the corresponding dimethyl derivatives. These derivatives contain the phenyl, and the p-bromo-, mchloro-, p-chloro-, m-methoxy-, and p-methoxyphenyl aryl substituents. The phenyl, pchlorophenyl and p-methoxyphenyl substituted diacids were polymerized with 2,5-diamino-1,4- benzenedithiol dihydrochloride to yield the corresponding poly(benzothiazole)s. The polymers were of low molecular weight (intrinsic viscosity as high as 1.7) and did not show enhanced solubility in common solvents.