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This study investigated the phylotypes, biofilm formation abilities, antibiotic resistance of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolates from cats with diarrhea. From 37 diarrheal cats, 28 E. coli isolates were obtained using conventional methods. Pathotypes and phylotypes were determined via PCR, biofilm formation potential via Congo Red Agar, and resistance profiles against eight antibiotics were examined using the disk diffusion method, evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Chi-square tests assessed relationships between phylogenetic groups, biofilm formation, and MDR statuses. The results were considered statically significant at a 95% confidence interval and significance level of P

PurposeThe objective of this study was to characterize the electrophysiological characteristics of nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerves (NRILNs) that were dissected via intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) and concomitant vascular anomalies in patients with NRILNs.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 7865 patients who underwent thyroidectomy with IONM at three tertiary referral centers. The study included 42 patients in whom an NRILN was detected. IONM data and postoperative vocal cord (VC) examinations were recorded for all patients. The absence of an initial vagal EMG response and/or a short (3.5ms had a large mediastinal goiter. Transient VC paralysis occurred in one (2.4%) patient. Of the 36 patients with postoperative imaging data, 33 (91.4%) had vascular anomalies. All 33 patients had aberrant right subclavian arteries, and 13 (39.4%) also had accompanying additional vascular anomalies.ConclusionThe NRILN is an anatomical variation that increases the risk of nerve injury. Observation of an absent EMG response and/or a short latency period during the initial vagal stimulation facilitates the detection of an NRILN at an early stage of thyroidectomy in the majority of patients.

Numerous studies have been conducted on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which remains a global health concern. Low-frequency and low-dose ultrasound can help eradicate the virus from the air and the environment. Our research aims to determine how altering ultrasonic waves frequencies and low power affects the virulence and replication rate of a virus.

Aim:Idiopathic peripheral facial paralysis [Bell’s palsy (BP)] is the most common cause of acute, one-sided facial paralysis, whose etiopathogenesis is currently unknown. However, inflammation is considered to play a role in etiopathogenesis. In this study, we examined the relationship between hematologic parameters and indices in children with BP.Methods:The study included 60 pediatric patients diagnosed with BP between December 2017 and May 2022 and 60 healthy controls of the same age and gender. The relationship between the patient and control cohorts and between the severity of the disease and inflammation markers was analyzed. Low-severe BP (House-Brackmann classification grade 2-3) and high-severe BP (House-Brackmann classification grade 4-5) were grouped. Complete blood count parameters and hematologic indices [neutrophil count/lymphocyte count (NLR), platelet count/lymphocyte count (PLR), monocyte count/lymphoid count (MLR), and platelet mass index] were recorded as inflammation markers.Results:55% of the patients had BP on the right side, 48.3% had grade 3, and 30.0% had grade 4 facial paralysis. Leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p-values p

We investigate the limitations of quantum computers for solving nonlinear dynamical systems. In particular, we tighten the worst-case bounds of the quantum Carleman linearisation (QCL) algorithm [Liu et al., PNAS 118, 2021] answering one of their open questions. We provide a further significant limitation for any quantum algorithm that aims to output a quantum state that approximates the normalized solution vector. Given a natural choice of coordinates for a dynamical system with one or more positive Lyapunov exponents and solutions that grow sub-exponentially, we prove that any such algorithm has complexity scaling at least exponentially in the integration time. As such, an efficient quantum algorithm for simulating chaotic systems or regimes is likely not possible.

Purpose: Electric bicycles (e-bikes) achieve higher speeds than pedal bicycles, but few studies have investigated the impact on injury rates specific to the pediatric population. Utilizing the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), we compared rates of pediatric injury for e-bikes, bicycles, and gas-engine bicycles (mopeds) from 2011 to 2020. Methods: Descriptive and bivariate inferential analyses were performed upon NEISS estimates of e-bike, bicycle, and moped injuries in children aged 2–18 years. Analyses were stratified by patient age and helmet usage. The Mann-Kendall test of trends was used. Results: We identified 3945 e-bike, 23,389 moped, and 2.05 million bicycle injuries. Over time, the incidence of injury increased for e-bikes (Kendall's τ=0.73, p = 0.004), decreased for pedal bicycles (Kendall's τ= − 0.91, p = 0.0003), and did not change for mopeds (Kendall's τ = 0.06, p = 0.85). Males accounted for 82.5 % of e-bike injuries. The age group most commonly affected by e-bike injury (44.3 %) was 10–13 years old. The proportion of injuries requiring hospitalization was significantly higher for e-bikes (11.5 %), compared to moped and bicycle (7.0 and 4.8 %, respectively, p

Aim: To investigate how frequently over-65-year-old senile macular degeneration (SMD) patients use smartphones and the Internet for disease information, as well as to evaluate website readability and information quality. Material and methods: There were 400 SMD patients who were followed up on at a retina clinic. SMD was defined as the presence of >5 hard drusen or >1 125 μm soft drusen in the macula, and scar or subretinal fluid compatible with SMD. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather demographic data, including age, gender, educational level, smartphone use, and whether patients researched SMD in Google, YouTube, or other websites. Two experienced ophthalmologists blindly evaluated 32 Google websites and 37 YouTube videos using Ateşman and Bezirci-Yilmaz readability formulas, as well as JAMA and DISCERN indexes. Results: The average age of the patients was 75.0±6.6 years, and 37.3% owned a smartphone. Legally blind patients (40.5%) used smartphones less frequently for Internet searches (p Conclusion: Improved quality and reliability of internet websites and video information, more emphasis on informative audio recordings and videos for people with low vision, and easily readable Internet websites could all have a positive impact on patients' adherence to treatment.

Background and objectives: The development of new therapeutic options to treat leukemia (therapies targeting chimeric antigen receptor [CAR] T cells) down-regulates markers expressed on the cell surface. Therefore, conventional immunophenotyping panels no longer make these antigens unreliable for identifying a B cell immunophenotype. In our study, we methodically compared multiparametric flow cytometry (FC) in bone marrow aspiration and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis in bone marrow biopsy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We sought to answer whether these two methods could be alternatives to each other in the diagnosis of leukemia. Material-Method: Twenty-eight patients diagnosed with ALL were included in the study. A Kappa test was performed between the expression rates of the antibodies studied in simultaneous FC and IHC studies in bone marrow aspiration and biopsy samples performed at the initial diagnosis. Results: Twenty-three of the patients were precursor B-ALL (BCP-ALL) and 5 were T-ALL. In the immunophenotyping of patients with BCP-ALL using FC and IHC, MPO, CD79A, CD14, CD3 expressions were the same, while CD19, CD7, CD117, CD33, CD 56, CD34 expressions were very good, good concordance for CD20 expressions and moderate for CD10 expressions. In immunophenotyping of patients diagnosed with T-ALL using FC and IHC, CD20, CD19, CD14, CD79a, MPO, CD22 expressions were the same and excellent agreement was found in terms of CD2, CD10, CD34 expressions. Conclusion: In cases where there are treatments that affect immunophenotyping, costly methods such as FC are not available, or bone marrow aspiration cannot be taken adequately, immunophenotyping with IHC can be safely performed in the diagnosis of pediatric ALL in bone marrow biopsy.

Introduction Efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is still debatable. However, IVT's efficacy on stent retriever (SR) and aspiration thrombectomy (ASP) outcomes specifically remain unclear. In our meta‐analysis, we aimed to explore the effects of IVT on SR and ASP thrombectomy outcomes. Methods A systematic literature review was steered using Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Center of Clinical Trials databases, according to PRISMA guidelines. Outcomes of interest included successful recanalization (modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) ≥2b), functional independence (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤2), modified first pass efficacy (mFPE), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and embolization to new territories (ENT). Results We included four randomized controlled trials with 1176 patients. SR and ASP had similar mTICI ≥2b, mFPE, and mRS 0‐2 rates whether they received IVT or not. SR without IVT was associated with a lower rate of mFPE compared with the SR+IVT (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.97). Additionally, ASP without IVT resulted in a lower rate of mRS 0‐2 than the ASP+IVT (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.01). Finally, bridging therapy did not increase sICH and ENT rates after ASP or SR thrombectomy. Conclusion Our analysis suggests that SR and ASP thrombectomy have equivalent efficacy and safety outcomes regardless of prior IVT administration. Moreover, our results indicate that administration of IVT before MT may improve certain outcomes based on the used first‐line MT technique.

Brucella canis infection is an often neglected but important zoonotic disease. This study aims to determine its seroprevalence in Pit Bull dogs from the Western Region of the Turkish Anatolian Peninsula. In the Province of Manisa, 2 mL blood samples were taken from the antebrachial region of 35 Pit Bull dogs using sterile K2EDTA (3.6 mg) blood tubes, and the samples were analyzed using both the mercaptoethanol (ME) microagglutination test and B. canis–specific PCR techniques. Of the 35 dogs tested by 2–ME RSAT, 13 (37.14%) tested positive and 22 (63%) tested negative. Of the 13 dogs that tested positive for 2–ME RSAT, 8 (22.85%) were female, and 5 (14.28%) were male. Subsequent PCR analysis of all samples revealed that 7 (20%; 7/35) of the samples that tested positive for 2–ME RSAT were actually B. canis–specific PCR positive. These findings suggest that B. canis is present in Pit Bull dogs, although they provide a general idea of the disease's prevalence of the disease in the region. Multicentre studies with larger numbers of cases in different groups of Pit Bulls, such as healthy, patient and risk groups, are needed to provide comprehensive evidence.

Aim: To compare the impact of competency in intravitreal injection therapy (IVIT)-related simpler versus standard consent forms (CFs). Material and methods: Four hundred patients scheduled for IVIT in a tertiary hospital were enrolled between April 1, 2022 and June 30, 2022. These patients were eligible for the study if they had their first IVIT in one eye; those scheduled for IVIT in the other eye were not. Data, including age, gender, educational level, whether the patient was admitted alone or with a companion, and prior IVIT status were collected. A trained clinic secretary first gave the patients the commonly used standard CFs, followed by simpler CFs. Results: The mean age was 66.10±9.90 years. 93.80% had previously received IVIT. 53.80% of the patients consented on their own. While 98.00% consented without reading standard CFs, 56.00% consented after reading simpler CFs (p Conclusion: Simpler CFs had a much higher reading rate, which was linked to a higher rate of patients opting against IVIT. In medical fields like ophthalmology, where many procedures and research are performed, ethically approved informed consent requires consideration of patients' education and prior treatment experience.

Aim: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma is common, it is one of the lymphomas whose differential diagnosis can be difficult. It is thought that Hodgkin cell may originate from the germinal center. Our aim in this study was to determine the germinal center transformation markers OCT-2, BOB.1, BCL-6, PAX-5, CD20 and MUM-1 in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL), Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL) and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) to evaluate the expressions of by immunohistochemical method and chromogenic in-situ hybridization (ISH) of EBV early RNAs (EBER). Material and methods: 49 biopsies diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 5 with NLPHL and 19 with DLBCL were evaluated for CD30, PAX-5, OCT-2, BOB.1, MUM-1, BCL-6, and CD20, and EBER positivity. SPSS 18 was used for statistical analysis. Results: 73 lymphoma cases were included in the study, 61.6% males and 38.4% females. The median age of patients was 50 years. CHL (67.1%) was the most common lymphoma type, and mixed cellular Hodgkin lymphoma (MSHL) was the most common subtype. There was a statistically significant difference in CD30, OCT-2, BOB.1, MUM-1, PAX-5, CD20, BCL-6, EBER expression between CHL and DLBCL cases (p

Aim: Maternal mortality is an important public health issue. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate pregnancy related maternal deaths in a multi-dimensional manner, focusing on not only demographic and clinical characteristics but also autopsy results by including the maternal death cases having autopsy reports. Material and Method: There were 1037 pregnancy related deaths in Turkey, between 2010 and 2014, and 17.3 % (n=180) of them had an autopsy report. Autopsied maternal deaths were evaluated in this sutdy. Data of autopsied pregnancy related deaths were obtained from the nationwide registration system of Woman and Reproductive Health Department of Turkish Ministry of Health and Turkish Ministry of Justice-Council of Forensic Medicine and evaluated retrospectively. Characteristics and cause of maternal deaths autopsied between 2010 and 2014 were evaluated. Age, cause of death, pregnancy state at the time of death, place of birth, mode of delivery, time of death, pregnancy outcomes, place of death, and delay-model were evaluated. Results: In this study, 61.1% (n=110) of all pregnancy related deaths were ≥30 years of age. Direct maternal deaths were 35% (n=63) of the cases, such as hemorrhage 14.5% (n=26), embolus 6.7% (n=12), uterine rupture 5% (n=9), preeclampsia/eclampsia 4.4% (n=8) and others 4.4% (n=8). Indirect maternal deaths were 56.1% (n=101) of the cases, such as cardiovascular disease 37.2% (n=67), infection 7.8% (n=14), cerebrovascular disease 6.7% (n=12), and others 4.4% (n=8). In 8.9% (n=16) of the cases, the cause of death was not determined. Deaths occurred in the postpartum period in 61.1% (n=110) of the cases. Deaths occurred in a healthcare facility in 71.1% (n=128) of the cases. One or more delays were determined in 33.9% (n=61) of the cases. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, cardiovascular disease related to maternal mortality has been found to be an increasing, important public health concern to consider for maternal health routines. In addition, as a second outcome of this study, we can emphasize that, although, the exact cause of death could not be determined even after autopsy in 16 cases (8.9%), autopsy is still one of the most valuable assessment tools to highlight important possible clinical and administrative improvements to reduce maternal mortality.

Previously proposed quantum algorithms for solving linear systems of equations cannot be implemented in the near term due to the required circuit depth. Here, we propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm, called Variational Quantum Linear Solver (VQLS), for solving linear systems on near-term quantum computers. VQLS seeks to variationally prepare $|x\rangle$ such that $A|x\rangle\propto|b\rangle$. We derive an operationally meaningful termination condition for VQLS that allows one to guarantee that a desired solution precision $\epsilon$ is achieved. Specifically, we prove that $C \geqslant \epsilon^2 / \kappa^2$, where $C$ is the VQLS cost function and $\kappa$ is the condition number of $A$. We present efficient quantum circuits to estimate $C$, while providing evidence for the classical hardness of its estimation. Using Rigetti's quantum computer, we successfully implement VQLS up to a problem size of $1024\times1024$. Finally, we numerically solve non-trivial problems of size up to $2^{50}\times2^{50}$. For the specific examples that we consider, we heuristically find that the time complexity of VQLS scales efficiently in $\epsilon$, $\kappa$, and the system size $N$.

Analysis of Means (ANOM) is a powerful tool for comparing means, variances, proportions and other location and scale measures. This procedure can also be used efficiently as a multiple comparison test especially when there are a large number of groups. A simulation study has been carried out to investigate the performance of ANOM as a multiple comparison approach. Total accuracy value was found at least 60.00% regardless of experimental conditions. ANOM and Tukey procedures have also been compared on a real data set where there are 80 different wheat varieties. It is concluded that the ANOM has a great advantage over Tukey test in terms of determining superior and worse varieties especially when there are more than 10 treatment groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key for individuals to live in health and well-being is the development of healthy living habits. In order for a healthy life habit to be formed, the relevant behaviors must be acquired in the preschool period. This study aimed to promote health knowledge among children attending preschool through health education. The study was designed using the qualitative case study design. The Personal Information Form and Health Hunter Children Follow Health Interview Form were used as data collection tools in the study. Health education activities were implemented in order to improve children’s knowledge about health. Activities consisted of physical activity, personal hygiene, injury prevention, sleeping habits, healthy nutrition, healthy life, and paramedic and treatment services categories. Activities were applied to children twice a week for eight weeks. As a result of the study, an improvement was observed in children’s knowledge about health. The answers given by the children before and after the Health Education Activities were collected in the categories of nutrition, safe life, illness status, well-being, hygiene, environmental health, and sports.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in the pediatric population, for 45% of soft tissue sarcomas in children. Commonly located in the head and neck, urogenital system, extremities and torso, RMS of the biliary system is rare. We present a specific case of RMS in the gallbladder of a 4-year-old girl who presented with epigastric abdominal pain and vomiting. Her work-up revealed transaminitis and tumefactive sludge in the gallbladder neck. After she had persistent symptoms and repeated work-up, the patient underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy and was found to have cholecystitis intraoperatively with cholelithiasis. However, pathology revealed botryoid embryonal RMS with positive microscopic margins. This case demonstrates the difficulty in diagnosing gallbladder RMS and the importance of considering malignancy in pediatric biliary disease.