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Enerji kullanımının ve enerji fiyatlarının devamlı bir şekilde artması birçok araştırmacıyı bir sürdürülebilir kalkınma aracı olan enerji tasarrufu stratejilerine yönlendirmiştir. Mevcut binaların dış cephelerinin yalıtımı enerji verimliliğinin arttırılması için yaygın ve etkin bir yöntemdir. Yalıtım uygulamaları bir ilk yatırım maliyeti gerektirmesine karşın binanın gelecek senelerde daha az enerji harcamasını sağlar. Bu açıdan, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, mali açıdan uygun bir yalıtım kalınlığının bulunması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bir temsili bina yaklaşımı kullanarak mevcut binalar için optimum yalıtım kalınlığının belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, temsili bir mevcut bina için tavana 15 cm taş yünü ve dış duvarlara değişen kalınlıklarda genleşmiş polistiren (EPS) yalıtımı uygulanmıştır. Çeşitli EPS kalınlıkları (1 cm’den 20 cm’e) yalıtım alternatifleri olarak analiz edilmiştir. Binanın yıllık enerji gereksinimi dinamik analiz yapan ısı dengesi yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Yaşam dönemi maliyetlemesi analizi gerçekleştirilerek hangi alternatifin en iyi ekonomik sonucu verdiği belirlenmiştir. Optimum yalıtım kalınlıkları çeşitli iklim bölgeleri için farklı iskonto ve enflasyon oranlarını içeren birtakım senaryolar göz önünde bulundurularak elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar ulusal standardın mevcut yalıtım limitlerinin yetersiz olduğunu göstermektedir. Optimum yalıtım kalınlıklarının ulusal standartta belirtilen sınırlayıcı değerlerden bariz bir şekilde daha büyük oldukları anlaşılmıştır. Bu verimsizliğin giderilmesi amacıyla standarttaki sınırlayıcı ısı transfer katsayılarının azaltılarak enerji verimliliğinin arttırılması önerilmektedir., The ongoing global increase of energy prices and energy use has directed many researchers to study energy conservation strategies as an instrument of sustainable development. A common yet effective strategy is to insulate the exterior envelope of existing buildings in an attempt to improve energy efficiency. While an insulation application requires an initial investment, it helps the building to spend less energy during its operation. In order to sustain feasibility, it is crucial to find an insulation thickness that is cost-effective and especially applicable in developing countries. The objective of this study is to determine the optimum insulation thickness for existing buildings by using a representative building approach. For this purpose, insulation alternatives including 15 cm stone wool on ceilings and expanded polystyrene (EPS) on exterior walls at varying thicknesses were applied on a representative existing building. A variety of EPS thicknesses (from 1 cm to 20 cm) were analyzed as alternatives for the insulation application. Annual energy requirement of the building was calculated by the heat balance method by conducting a dynamic analysis. Life cycle costing (LCC) analysis was performed to find out which alternative results in the best economical outcome. The optimum insulation thicknesses were obtained for various climate regions by considering a number of scenarios with different discount and inflation rates. The results demonstrated the inadequacy of the national regulation’s current insulation limits, as it was observed that the optimum insulation thicknesses were significantly greater than the limiting values in the national standard. To overcome this inadequacy, it is suggested to effectively improve energy efficiency by lowering the limiting heat transfer coefficients in the standard.

Energy-related issues have been in the centre of the policies of many governments. Increasing the energy production or decreasing the energy consumption can provide significant economic support to countries. Thus, developments in energy industry are of prime importance for countries, especially for Turkey, where improving the energy efficiency is one of the key components of the 2023 national strategy objectives and energy policies. Energy efficiency in residential buildings can be obtained by a number of ways such as optimizing the building envelope. Design of a building envelope depends on a number of parameters including the window, wall, basement, and ceiling properties. The insulation properties of such components can radically impact the energy efficiency of a building. Selecting the optimum materials in designing the building envelope has been one of the fundamental issues in the academic field in the last decade. Providing cost efficient envelope design while satisfying relevant standards has been the common goal. The aim of this study is to find optimum materials for the building envelope design of a residential building in Turkey. Genetic algorithm is utilized for the optimization purposes. The decision variables are determined as the window type and the insulation materials to be applied on the exterior walls, ceiling, and basement. The properties and costs of the materials are obtained from the unit price list prepared by Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanization. The objective function is expressed as the minimization of the total cost of the building envelope materials. The constraints are stated as the limitations indicated by the Turkish Standard 825 (TS 825), “thermal insulation requirements for buildings”. The optimization environment including the genetic algorithm and heating energy calculations is generated in Matlab. A total of 30, 20, 60, and 27 alternatives are identified for the exterior walls, basement, ceiling, and window types, respectively. Optimum design solutions are determined for four climate regions of Turkey as defined by TS 825. The optimization environment could identify optimum design solution among thousands of combinations for each climate region separately. The optimization environment can be utilized by homeowners or designers to determine the building envelope with minimum cost satisfying the relevant standard. Also, the study is expected to encourage professionals in the construction industry to utilize such optimization tools to deal with design-related decisions.

Advances in technology, changes in the regulations, and budget constraints enforce stakeholders of the infrastructure sector to improve their asset management performance. Asset management guarantees a reasonable return, ensures increased service quality and reduces the safety risks. The major objective of this paper is to present asset management as an effective way of operating and maintaining infrastructure assets. The paper introduces the principles of the asset management approach, reviews the areas of implementation, and highlights the benefits and challenges in the field of asset management. The paper also investigates the asset management system of the Istanbul Ataturk Airport terminal building that is selected as a case study. The case study identifies different components of the asset management process including how it has been established and used, what benefits it has brought and how it can be improved.

When the human comfort is considered, especially the pedestrian comfort, it is a well-known fact that wind has serious effects. In the past, valuable research has been conducted and numerous publications have been made on the subject. In similar respect, wind has negative effects both on the operation of equipment like cranes and on the productivity of labor at construction sites. On the other hand, in Istanbul especially due to the shortage of available land the construction of high rise buildings have accelerated. The objective of this study is the analytical investigation of the effects of wind on the construction at high rise building sites and under the climatic conditions of Istanbul., Rüzgarın, insanların konforu yönünden dikkate alındığında, bilhassa yaya konforu açısından, ciddi etkileri olduğu bilinen bir gerçektir. Bu konuda uzun yıllara dayanan çok değerli araştırmalar gerçekleştirilmiş ve yayınlar yapılmıştır. Benzer bağlamda rüzgarın şantiye çalışmalarında da, hem vinç gibi ekipmanlar olsun, hem de işçilerin verimliliği üzerinde olumsuz etkileri vardır. Diğer yandan günümüzde bilhassa İstanbul`da arsa sıkıntısı gibi nedenlerle yüksek katlı bina inşaatları ivme kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı yüksek katlı yapılarda ve İstanbul`un iklim şartlarında rüzgarın inşaat çalışmalarına olan etkilerinin analitik olarak incelenmesidir.

Rüzgar dış mekan komforunu etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biridir. Aynı sebepten, rüzgar dış mekanlarda çalışanların verimliliklerini de etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle, rüzgar şantiye aktivitelerini aksatmakta ve öncesinde dikkatlice planlanmadığı takdirde önemli gecikmelere sebep olabilmektedir. Şantiyede çalışan işçilerin verimliliği ile ilgili bir çok araştırma yapılmıştır. Özellikle yüksek yapıların kaba inşaatı sırasında rüzgar, şantiyedeki bir çok aktiviteye etki etmektedir. Betonarme yapıların inşasında; işçi verimliliği, kalıp imalatı, vinç çalışmaları ve betonlama işlemleri rüzgardan etkilenen aktiviteler olarak sıralanabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; İstanbul'daki yüksek binaların inşasında rüzgar etkilerinin inşaat planlamasına olan etkilerinin analitik olarak gösterilmesidir. Analizlerde kullanılan rüzgar verileri Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü'nden temin edilmiştir. Bu çalışma yoluyla İstanbul'daki rüzgar şartlarını ve rüzgar şartlarının inşaat işleri üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Wind is one of the determinant factors of outdoor human comfort. With the same token wind affects essentially negatively the productivity of the workers working outdoors. Thus wind conditions can hamper the construction site activities and unless carefully planned beforehand major delays can be faced. There are various studies made by the researchers regarding the effects of wind on the productivity at construction sites. In high-rise construction, especially during the structural works, wind affects several functions on site. In cases of reinforced concrete buildings, these can be named as the workers? productivity, formwork manipulation, crane operations, concreting activities including curing of concrete and workers safety. The objective of this study to demonstrate analytically the effects of wind on the construction schedules in the reinforced concrete high-rise constructions in Istanbul taking into the probabilistic wind conditions. The necessary long term meteorological data is obtained from the Turkish State Meteorological Service. Through the study it is intended to specify wind conditions in Istanbul and its effects on the productivity at construction sites. 106

Designers aim to build nearly zero energy buildings and positive energy buildings to comply with regulations. However, due to many variables affecting the energy performance of buildings, energy-efficient building design is a challenging task. Among the proposed methods, simulation-based systems are promising. The proposed simulation-based systems are not suitable for the construction sector because of the long optimization periods. The primary goal of this study is to emphasize the necessity of standalone software packages in solving usability problems and to provide a tool for designers and architects to incorporate into their daily works. To demonstrate the advantages of standalone software a test study was conducted to find a cost-optimal configuration for a typical residential building. In addition, the obtained cost-optimal design was compared to the energy-optimal design obtained in previous studies and it was seen that the outcomes are in parallel with the results of previous studies. It was observed that the optimum insulation thickness obtained from the case study is significantly higher than the limiting values in the national regulation. The results of the parametric analysis demonstrated that wall type, window area, and window type have the highest influence on thermal performance. The results of the study have confirmed that stand-alone software performs optimizations faster overcomes the shortcomings of simulation-based optimization systems comprising integrated multiple software packages. Publisher's Version