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Background/Aims: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the dysfunction of serum lipoproteins, which triggers lipid metabolism abnormalities in the development of atherosclerosis and hypertension. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is involved in ROS modifications, triggering lipid peroxidation and aldehyde formation. However, the relationship between the entirety of the MPO reaction system and oxidative modification of serum lipoproteins in atherosclerotic patients with hypertension remains unclear. Methods: We measured MPO activity (peroxidation and chlorination), 4-hydroxynonenal-modified low-density lipoprotein (HNE-LDL), malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), H 2 O 2 , reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) using a corresponding commercial kit in atherosclerotic patients with hypertension and healthy participants. We used Spearman’s correlation analysis to investigate the correlation between MPO activity and the levels of these oxidative and anti-oxidative stress-related indices and performed response surface regression to investigate the relationship between the MPO reaction system and the levels of HNE-LDL, MDA-LDL, and the GSH/GSSG ratio. Results: Our results showed no association between the levels of MPO peroxidation activity, MPO chlorination activity, H 2 O 2 , and Cl - and those of HNE-LDL, MDA-LDL, GSH, and GSSG, and the GSH/GSSG ratio in healthy participants. In addition, no effects of the peroxidation reaction system of MPO (PRSM) and the chlorination reaction system of MPO (CRSM) on GSH/GSSG were found in this investigation. However, we found that the PRSM rather than the CRSM correlated with progressive low-density lipoprotein (LDL) modifications by HNE-LDL and MDA-LDL in atherosclerotic patients with hypertension. Conclusion: The PRSM rather than the CRSM correlated with progressive LDL modifications via reactive aldehydes in atherosclerotic patients with hypertension. Further investigation is warranted to evaluate whether the PRSM may serve as a potential index for monitoring LDL function in atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Background Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death in the world with a projected global 82 million DALYs by 2020. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to CHD development. Here, the authors investigate the association between CHD risk and three Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the AdipoQ gene (rs3774261, rs1063537 and rs2082940); and the interaction of this association with environmental factors, in Northeast Han Chinese population. Methods Using a case–control study design, 1514 participants (754 cases and 760 controls) were investigated. Three variants in the AdipoQ gene (rs3774261, rs1063537 and rs2082940) were selected and genotyped. The online SNPstats program and SPSS 21.0 software were used for data analyses. Results The authors found that the rs3774261G allele is associated with the risk of CHD but that the rs2082940T allele protects against CHD. No significant association was found between rs1063537 and CHD risk. The study also found significant interactions between triglyceride levels and the SNPs studied (P

Background The interconnectivity of the peroxidation reaction system of myeloperoxidase (PRSM) or the reaction system of paraoxonase 1 (RSP1) with atherosclerosis remains elusive in patients with normal cholesterol levels. Methods A total of 55 atherosclerotic patients with normal cholesterol concentrations and 45 control subjects were analyzed. Pearson's correlation was used to investigate the correlation between the levels of oxidative stress-related indices (HNE-LDL, MDA-LDL and protein carbonyls) and cholesterol indices (TC, HDL-C and LDL-C) and individual factor in RSP1 and PRSM (paraoxonase 1 activity, ionized calcium, myeloperoxidase peroxidation activity, or H2O2). Response surface regression (RSR) was used to analyze the interconnection of PRSM and RSP1 with the levels of oxidative stress-related indices and cholesterol indices. Results The relation between PRSM and the increase of HNE-LDL and MDA-LDL was attributable to myeloperoxidase peroxidation activity, H2O2 concentrations and the interaction between myeloperoxidase peroxidation activity and H2O2 in the patients. PRSM preferred contribution to cholesterol levels in the cases. The interconnection of PRSM with TC was dependent on the association of PRSM with HDL-C and LDL-C. Conclusions The shift of interconnection with HDL-C levels from RSP1 to PRSM represents a marker for atherosclerotic patients with normal cholesterol levels.