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Mobile distributed systems of third-generation video surveillance (MDSV) have become a useful tool to provide multiple security services to people. For this type of systems, three key aspects must be carried out: 1) protection, which consists of preventing undesirable events; 2) detection, which refers to determining the exact moment in which the event occurred; and 3) reply, in this regard, actions such as activating alarms and generating warnings are executed. Previous works have proposed software architectures to development video surveillance systems on mobile distributed systems (MDS). However, these architectures focus mainly on providing services/aspects of protection and detection; without considering in its design the requirements that arise from the characteristics of the MDS, such as limited processing and storage capacities of devices, frequent disconnections, among others. In this paper, we introduce a layered software architecture to build MDSV. The proposed architecture considers and satisfies the requirements that arise from the critical aspects of protection, detection, and reply, including the characteristics of the MDS. Based on our architecture, an MDSV prototype was implemented. The tests carried out on the prototype show that the proposed architecture correctly provides users with various essential services in terms of protection, detection, and reply. From our point of view, the most important advantages of our proposed software architecture are the following: define the basic technical guidelines that an MDSV must have and accomplish; streamline overall development, providing a solid framework for developers; and contribute to satisfying the requirements that arise from quality attributes that the MDSV must possess.

According to the International Diabetes Federation, in 2019, approximately 416.7 million people worldwide suffered from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is a chronic degenerative disease of long term and slow progression. This condition requires a strict follow-up by physicians and nutritionists, combined with rigorous adherence to treatment by the patient to avoid possible complications. In this context, this paper describes the analysis, design, development, and preliminary usability assessment of a telemonitoring system focused on the monitoring, control, and remote nutritional therapy of people with T2DM. The proposed system comprises two mobile web applications, one focused on the patient and another oriented to physicians and nutritionists. The central services that our system provides to the patient and health personnel are: generate risk alerts, consult food menu options, receive recommendations, consult results of the food intake frequency questionnaire, patient history management, record anthropometry of patients, and review health education material. We carry out a preliminary usability assessment of our system based on a field study with four physicians, two nutritionists, and seven patients with T2DM. Based on the obtained results, our telemonitoring system shows a satisfactory/favorable opinion in terms of usability from the users&prime, perspective.

According to the m-learning paradigm, mobile learning objects (MLOs) are fundamental elements within the teaching-learning process. In this context, the integration of technology such as augmented reality (AR), incorporates an additional value to an MLO, generating by this, more interactive and attractive learning environments, which promotes higher involvement and engagement by being immersed in a virtually enhanced world. Our research postulates that the development of such MLOs must be based on standards, methodologies, and/or a layered software architecture which provide the adequate mechanisms to achieve the structure and quality attributes needed. Specifically, this paper presents the design and development of such architecture which allows obtaining MLO complying with the requirements and quality attributes. To achieve that, the architecture is composed of five layers: data persistence, learning personalization, interactivity, general structure, and standards. The layers are independent among them and the lower layers provide services to upper layers. In order to probe the benefits of the architecture, two prototypes of MLOs with AR were implemented and evaluated by a 20 master's degree students focusing on of pedagogical, technological, and usability aspects. The results show that the architecture contributes no only to integrate AR in MLOs but more importantly to obtain MLOs with the quality attributes required as a digital educational resource.

This paper proposes a methodology to develop high quality MLOs throughout five phases: analysis, design, development, assessment, and publishing. MOAM was assessed with important results given that MLOs comply with technical aspects such as reusability, interoperability, portability and take into account educational objectives, learning content, assessment, and learning styles.

For the new educational models, it is essential to include teaching strategies that allow students to customize their learning based on their competencies, skills, and preferences, as well as strategies that support individual monitoring of student learning. However, the implementation of these strategies in teaching is complex for professors, and it gets complicated, as the number of students in the class-room increases. In this work, the design and development of a mobile learning platform are presented, which provides the professor and student with multiple services for the learning monitoring and customization based on learning styles, context information, and mobile learning objects. Our platform is composed of three main components: (1) A mobile learning object generator system, (2) A learning object repository, and (3) A student-oriented mobile application. The in-tegration of these three components allows and facilitates the professor the im-plementation of various strategies for monitoring and customization of learning systematically. We carried out a usability assessment of the learning object gener-ator system through a field study with five research professors. According to the obtained results, the learning object generator system presents a good acceptance, satisfaction, and applicability from the professors' perspective.

Elderly people with chronic diseases are becoming more numerous in our country. In Mexico, a chronic disease that is among the top ten causes of mortality overall, according to the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), is Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). People who suffer CKD must be on constant review to maintain disease control and monitoring. In this work, we proposed the analysis, design and implementation of a telemonitoring system, to carry out a continuous control and remote monitoring of patients with CKD undergo a Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) treatment. The proposed system consists of a native app for Android, where the patient records his dialysis baths and other relevant data, and a mobile web app in which the medical staff can monitor the patient condition and give recommendations. Some core services our system provides are: data record either about CAPD (Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis) or APD (Automated Peritoneal Dialysis) dialysis sessions, alerts generation by detecting biomedical indices outside ranges established by the doctor, sending emails and text messages with the patient's location and details of why that warning occurred, report generation and data query.

Incorporing mobile systems in the teaching-learning process has enabled m-learning as a mean to customize student learning and to encourage collaborative learning. Some works have proposed m-learning systems, however, they don´t provide monitoring and personalization services based on learning styles and student learning context as it is incorporated in this research. Additionally, there is also a limited work focus on the development of basic disciplinary skills in mathematics and computing in high-school education. This paper describes the design and development of a context -aware mobile learning system that includes mobile learning objects (MLO) for the development of basic disciplinary skills in mathematics and computing for high-school education. Our work proposes learning monitoring and personalization services characterized by: using SMS, social networks (Facebook and Twitter) and provides educational content through MLO based on context and student learning styles.

Mobile learning objects (MLOs) have emerged in m-learning context. MLOs are defined as academic software products that support teaching ‑ learning processes and that are accessed through mobile devices. In terms of quality, one of the main features of MLOs is that they should be usable. Therefore, usability assessment has great importance. However, there is a restricted research work about usability analysis and assessment in MLOs. This paper present a study case of usability assessment of MLOs designed to development mathematical and computer competences in high school students. According to preliminary results, the proposed MLOs were positive assessed.

Teaching-learning models supported by technology have evolved since the emergence of personal computers until the present day, where m-learning has been incorporated thanks to mobile technology. In this context, some works have proposed mobile learning systems (MLS). One of the main requirements of this kind of systems in terms of software quality is the usability. Therefore, the analysis and evaluation of the usability of MLS are especially relevant; however, few works have addressed the usability issues using field studies with students and professors in real domains. In this paper, we present a usability assessment of a Context-Aware Mobile Learning System (CAMLS) based on a field study with six professors and forty-eight high school students in a real environment. The results obtained from the usability assessment show that, on average, the services offered by the system have 82.4% acceptance by users (professors and high school students), with the learning reinforcement service through SMS messages having the highest acceptance for teachers, with a positive perception of 91.5%. Meanwhile, for the high school students, the Mobile Learning Objects (MLOs) suggestion service was highest with 81% acceptance. Based on the obtained results, the evaluated mobile learning system holds wide acceptance, satisfaction, and applicability from teachers’ and students’ perspectives. The usability assessment described in this study can serve as a reference for developers seeking to improve mobile learning systems development.

Patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy may present complications of protein-energy wasting, which may be partially produced by inadequate nutrition management and a protein or energy deficiency in the predialytic phase. Therefore, accurate monitoring of the nutrition status during PD therapy can prevent risk conditions in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we present the analysis, design, and development of a telemonitoring system for the nutritional intake of patients with CKD receiving PD therapy. The proposed system consists of a mobile web application addressed to the nutrition specialist and a native Android application aimed at patients undergoing PD. Our system optimizes nutrition administration by providing services that allow the nutritionist to monitor the patient, assign a nutrition scheme based on the patient profile, manage intake phases and send recommendations to the patient. Furthermore, the system allows the patient to record the intake data daily, receive updates on diets generated by the nutritionist and communicate with the nutritionist through a consultation module. Finally, we performed a usability assessment of our system based on a laboratory study with two users: a nutritionist and a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis treatment. Based on the obtained results, our telemonitoring system shows a favorable opinion in terms of usability from the perspectives of the patient and nutritionist.

Mobile Health (mHealth) systems are a growing field that allows optimizing monitor several patients chronic diseases, enhancing response times concerning patients health conditions. Due to the architecture of this type of systems, the security is an important matter for protecting the patient information privacy. Based on the Official Mexican Standard guidelines NOM-024-SSA3-2010, this paper presents the development of a security layer over a mHealth system aimed toward patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in peritoneal dialysis therapy, which was developed in the National Laboratory on Advanced Informatics in collaboration with the Regional Hospital Zone No. 11 of the “Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social” (IMSS). The proposed security layer is designed to protect two system elements: 1) Patient information and 2) Server availability. To achieve this, a symmetric encryption algorithm, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), is implemented in the services offered by the system to preserve the confidentiality and integrity of patient information. On the other hand, a security test, reCAPTCHA, is added in the user authentication service of the system to conserve server availability avoiding overloads using bots. To verify the correct functioning of the proposed security layer, a set of unit and integration test was performed for each system service.

There are two million people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. In Mexico, it is estimated that by 2025, there will be 212 thousand CKD cases. Among the renal replacement treatments, peritoneal dialysis (PD) exists either in the continuous ambulatory (CAPD) or automated (APD) mode, which requires continuous monitoring and strict control. Thus, several software systems have been proposed to perform reliable remote monitoring of patients using PD but also to achieve the goal with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction; i.e., in software engineering, this is called usability. However, few studies have addressed usability issues using case studies with patients and medical staff in real domains. In this paper, we present a usability assessment of a telemonitoring system for patients with CKD on peritoneal dialysis treatment through a case study with patients and medical staff of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS). The usability evaluation was carried out through the application of two satisfaction instruments. These instruments evaluated multiple usability criteria, such as navigability, interactivity, motivation, satisfaction, and applicability. The results obtained from the usability evaluation show that, on average, the services offered by the system have 91.3% acceptance by users (patient-doctors), with the APD and CAPD exchange data registration services having the highest acceptance for patients, with a positive perception of 94.5% and 92.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, for the doctors and nurses, the alarm reception for patients in a risk situation was highest with 95% acceptance. Based on the obtained results, the evaluated telemonitoring system holds wide acceptance, satisfaction, and applicability from patients' and doctors' perspectives. It is also noted that the evaluated system considers and satisfies the requirements and suitable parameters that should be monitored in PD treatment according to studies presented in the literature.