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Permasalahan kemampuan kognitif peserta didik kelas V MIN-6 Aceh Timur dalam proses pembelajaran diakibatkan oleh pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang diterapkan kurang menunjukkan kebermaknaan dan belum sepenuhnya siswa dilibatkan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika. Oleh karena itu untuk memperbaiki permasalahan kognitif peserta didik dibutuhkan adanya inovasi pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan kontekstual dengan tujuan agar peserta didik berperan aktif berdiskusi untuk berbagi informasi dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika.Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif peserta didik melalui model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan kontekstual untuk materi volume kubus dan balok.Pelaksanaan penelitian ini di bulan Agustus 2021 hingga Nopember 2021 bertempat di kelas V MIN-6 Aceh Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan model Kurt Lewin. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini berjalan dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklus terlaksana dua pertemuan. Setiap pertemuan menggunakan empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis dekskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif.Diperoleh hasil penelitian terjadi peningkatan kemampuan kognitif peserta didik dengan diterapkannya model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan kontekstual. Sebelum siklus, nilai kognitif peserta didik yang lulus berjumlah 10 (40%) dan diperoleh nilai klasikal 65. Kenaikan nilai kognitif siswa di siklus I pertemuan 1 diperoleh sejumlah 12 orang dengan nilai 68 (48%). Hasil siklus I pertemuan 2 kenaikan menjadi 16 siswa dengan nilai 72 (64%). Hasil siklus II telah mencapai target yaitu kenaikan menjadi 21 siswa dengan nilai 80 (84%). ABSTRACT The problem of cognitive abilities of students in class V MIN-6 East Aceh in the learning process is caused by the implementation of the learning being applied that does not show meaningfulness and students are not fully involved in solving math problems. Therefore, to improve students' cognitive problems, there is a need for learning innovations by applying a problem-based learning model with a contextual approach with the aim that students play an active role in discussing and sharing information in solving mathematical problems.The research objective is to improve the cognitive abilities of students through a problem-based learning model with a contextual approach to the volume of cubes and blocks.The implementation of this research in August 2021 to November 2021 takes place in class V MIN-6 East Aceh. This research uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) with Kurt Lewin's model. The implementation of this research was carried out in two cycles and each cycle carried out two meetings. Each meeting uses four stages, namely planning, action, observation and reflection. The data collection instrument used tests and observation sheets. The data analysis technique in this study used qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis.The results of the study showed that there was an increase in the cognitive abilities of students with the implementation of a problem-based learning model with a contextual approach. Before the cycle, the cognitive scores of students who passed were 10 (40%) and a classical score of 65 was obtained. The increase in the cognitive value of students in the first cycle of the first meeting was obtained by 12 people with a value of 68 (48%). The results of the first cycle of the second meeting increased to 16 students with a value of 72 (64%). The results of the second cycle have reached the target of increasing to 21 students with a score of 80 (84%).

This study aims to analyze character values in mathematics topics in elementary school thematic learning. The qualitative research with a case study design uses in this study. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, documentation. This study involved two teachers, 15 fourth grade students and one school principal. In testing the validity of the data, the participation extension technique and the observer's persistence were used. Data analysis was performed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the implementation of a thematic approach to mathematics learning has been implemented, in the topic of learning mathematics according to the current theme, mathematics learning has implemented character values according to the theme. however thematic learning is only applied to low classes, namely grades 1, 2 and 3 for high classes 4-6 still applying semi-thematic. It can be concluded that thematic learning helps teachers in implementing character education in mathematics learning in accordance with the theme. Keywords: character value; mathematical material; thematic learning DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/mtk/v8i2.pp168-181

Lesson study is an activity carried out collaboratively by teachers in planning a creative, effective and communicative learning process so that the desired learning objectives can be achieved. Student learning activities in learning science are observed using a scientific approach that is the ability of students to observe objects, submit questions, gather information, associate and communicate learning materials. The purpose of this study is to determined the increase in student learning activities in science learning through lesson study in MIN 3 Langsa and MIN 2 Aceh Tamiang. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive. The sample of this study consisted of 60 fifth grade students from 30 MIN 3 Langsa students and 30 MIN 2 Aceh Tamiang students. The sampling technique used by purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through observation sheets totaling 15 items consisting of 5 indicators of learning activities. Data were analyzed by comparing the average score of each item with the maximum score using the percentage formula. The results showed an increase in student learning activities in science learning in both Madrasah Ibtidaiyah namely 32.98% MIN 2 Aceh Tamiang and 42.16% MIN 3 Langsa. Thus it can be concluded that student learning activities in science learning can be improved through lesson study

Products of research development of this device is an educational learning realistic mathematics that is valid, practical and effective, which can improve the ability of mathematical communication students. This research aims to develop learning tools education math realistic valid, practical and effective. The research design used is 4-D. The subject of the trials in this study were students of VIII-1 and VIII-2 SMP Negeri 27 Medan T.A. 2020/2021. The results of the process of the development of these learning tools are (1) the education learning realistic mathematics and the learning included in the category of valid; (2) criteria of learning education of realistic mathematics using the learning tools included in the high category; and (3) the criteria of the effectiveness of learning tools education math realistic based on: (a) mastery learning students in the classical style of 85,71%; (b) the criteria for the attainment of the use of the learning time is included in the high category; (c) criteria for the achievement of the ability of teachers to manage the learning included in the good category; and (d) many students gave a positive response against the components and activities of the learning has been achieved.

This research is to develop mathematics teaching materials that are integrated with elementary school thematic learning. The purpose of the development is to obtain mathematics teaching materials that prioritize the local wisdom of the Acehnese people. This teaching material is helpful for fifth-grade elementary school students in which there are character values for learning mathematics. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method with the ADDIE model development research design. This research focuses on analyzing elementary school teachers who face the problem of integrated mathematics-based character education in thematic learning, then making initial designs and developing character education-based mathematics teaching materials that are integrated into the learning theme. The results showed that character education-based mathematics teaching materials were compatible with elementary students' thematic learning. Mathematics teaching materials focused on solving math problems for elementary students, integrating character values in mathematics with various themes in thematic learning by integrating each mathematics material into themes. The mathematics teaching materials developed were designed with various activities related to daily activities with straightforward language to be understood and made into a mathematical model.

In business environment, advertisement is very important. Companies spent a lot of money to advertise their products. When there are several players which have the same product to market, the competition will be quite tough since the market size is finite. The amount of the money spent for advertisement will affect the sale of the product. The profit for each company will depend on the amount of money spent for advertisement. However, this will also depend on the money spent by other companies, making the determination of the optimum profit become difficult. For two and three companies, exact value of the optimum profit for each company can be found. However, the analysis for more than three companies is quite complicated so we must resort to numerical method. Examples for the cases of two, three and four companies are given. A company with the smallest effectiveness factor and gross profit will have the smallest optimum profit. Maple has been widely used to derive formulas and to solve the case studies in this paper.

Dyscalculia is a mathematics learning disorder in children who have difficulty counting and calculating. Children who have dyscalculia will show difficulty in doing assignments involving numbers and mathematical symbols. Children with dyscalculia are unable to digest questions and do mathematical processes, or understand abstract questions. So children with dyscalculia cannot solve math problems like children in general. So that to overcome these negative impacts, with dyscalculous disorders can more easily understand and solve math problems.

Production planning for manufacturing companies is an aspect to meet production needs for production process. The production need of fish canning companies is uncertainty aspect and this includes in the flexible job shop system, the issues of uncertainty. The process of fulfilling the needs with consideration of expiration in the fish canning company is to optimize lot size with assumption that customer demand can be met on time without reducing consumer trust. Mathematical formulations used to meet the needs of the FJSS problem use lot-sizing techniques in making decisions. Stochastic programs can be used to obtain the desired formulation. Solution for ordering quantities and the number of quantities ordered plus expiration considerations are formulated with mixed integer linear programing.