373 results on '"Yen-Chun Chen"'
Search Results
2. Enhancing Welding Quality Assessment in Challenging Environments: A BiAGAN-Based Approach With Operation Result Scoring
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Yen-Chun Chen, Chih-Ping Hsu, Shih-Yeh Chen, and Chin-Feng Lai
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Fusion welding ,non-destructive detection ,generative adversarial networks ,subsequent anomalies ,anomaly detection ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
In recent years, the welding industry has witnessed the integration of numerous automation and intelligent technologies, driven by the challenging working conditions inherent in the welding process. Despite these advancements, particularly in specialized environments such as high-altitude and underwater welding, or in the production of low-volume, high-quality products, reliance solely on automation and smart technologies remains insufficient. The quality of welding is profoundly impacted by the skill and expertise of the personnel involved in the operation. Addressing this pivotal issue, our paper introduces a novel approach aimed at enhancing welding quality assessment in such demanding environments. Central to our proposal is the introduction of a quality scoring module integrated into a comprehensive welded box quality scoring system. This innovative system combines BiAGAN’s advanced quality inference model with operation result scoring, providing a robust framework for evaluating welding quality. To validate the efficacy of our approach, extensive offline comparisons were conducted, demonstrating remarkable results with an accuracy rate of 95% and a recall rate of 92%. Moreover, to ensure the reliability and applicability of our findings in real-world scenarios, we conducted online tests involving multiple operators, thereby further corroborating the effectiveness of our proposed methodology. Our study represents a significant advancement in welding quality assessment practices, offering a practical solution tailored to the challenges posed by diverse and demanding environments. By harnessing the capabilities of BiAGAN-based methodologies alongside operation result scoring, our approach holds promise for revolutionizing welding quality assessment, ultimately leading to improved productivity and product quality.
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- 2024
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3. Advancements in Hyperspectral Imaging and Computer-Aided Diagnostic Methods for the Enhanced Detection and Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer
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I-Chen Wu, Yen-Chun Chen, Riya Karmakar, Arvind Mukundan, Gahiga Gabriel, Chih-Chiang Wang, and Hsiang-Chen Wang
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hyperspectral imaging ,head and neck cancer ,meta-analysis ,convolutional neural network ,support vector machine ,linear discriminant analysis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Background/Objectives: Head and neck cancer (HNC), predominantly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), presents a significant global health burden. Conventional diagnostic approaches often face challenges in terms of achieving early detection and accurate diagnosis. This review examines recent advancements in hyperspectral imaging (HSI), integrated with computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) techniques, to enhance HNC detection and diagnosis. Methods: A systematic review of seven rigorously selected studies was performed. We focused on CAD algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). These are applicable to the hyperspectral imaging of HNC tissues. Results: The meta-analysis findings indicate that LDA surpasses other algorithms, achieving an accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 91%, and specificity of 93%. CNNs exhibit moderate performance, with an accuracy of 82%, sensitivity of 77%, and specificity of 86%. SVMs demonstrate the lowest performance, with an accuracy of 76% and sensitivity of 48%, but maintain a high specificity level at 89%. Additionally, in vivo studies demonstrate superior performance when compared to ex vivo studies, reporting higher accuracy (81%), sensitivity (83%), and specificity (79%). Conclusion: Despite these promising findings, challenges persist, such as HSI’s sensitivity to external conditions, the need for high-resolution and high-speed imaging, and the lack of comprehensive spectral databases. Future research should emphasize dimensionality reduction techniques, the integration of multiple machine learning models, and the development of extensive spectral libraries to enhance HSI’s clinical utility in HNC diagnostics. This review underscores the transformative potential of HSI and CAD techniques in revolutionizing HNC diagnostics, facilitating more accurate and earlier detection, and improving patient outcomes.
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- 2024
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4. Efficacy of Office-Based Salivary Ductal Steroid Irrigation for Managing Post-Irradiation Xerostomia in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study
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Yen-Chun Chen, Nguyen-Kieu Viet-Nhi, Luong Huu Dang, Chin-Hui Su, and Shih-Han Hung
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xerostomia ,head and neck cancer ,salivary ductal irrigation ,salivary amylase ,chronic sialadenitis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Post-irradiation xerostomia remains a significant quality of life concern for patients with head and neck cancers. Conventional therapies offer limited effectiveness. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of office-based salivary ductal steroid irrigation in patients with post-irradiation xerostomia. This single-center observational study recruited 147 head and neck cancer patients suffering from post-irradiation xerostomia between November 2020 and October 2022. All included subjects received at least one round of successful salivary ductal cannulation and irrigation. The primary measure of efficacy was improvement in subjective xerostomia and objective salivary amylase levels. A logistic regression was employed to evaluate factors affecting treatment responsiveness. The response rate among nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients was 74.8%, and that among non-NPC cancer was 65.6%, without significant intergroup differences. The statistical analysis revealed no significant influence of age, gender, or disease stage on treatment responsiveness. Post-treatment salivary amylase levels were significantly higher in responsive non-NPC patients. In conclusion, salivary ductal steroid irrigation emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for the management of post-irradiation xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients. While no explicit factors were predictive of responsiveness, the high rate of symptom improvement suggests that this therapy may be a viable alternative for patients that are refractory to standard treatments.
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- 2024
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5. Trends in the incidence of peripheral vestibular disorders: a Nationwide population-based study
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Shih-Han Hung, Sudha Xirasagar, Luong Huu Dang, Yen-Chun Chen, Yen-Fu Cheng, Herng-Ching Lin, and Chin-Shyan Chen
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vestibular disorders ,peripheral vestibular disorders ,epidemiology ,incidence ,Meniere’s disease ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to examines the long-term trend of incidence of peripheral vestibular disorders between 2010 and 2018 in Taiwan.MethodsStudy-eligible patients were identified from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 maintained by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan. We retrieved 230,566 patients with a first-time diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders between 2010 and 2018. We calculated annual incidence rates of peripheral vestibular disorders per 100,000 population. We used the annual percent change (APC) to test the trend of peripheral vestibular disorders over time.ResultsThe mean annual incidence rate of peripheral vestibular disorders during the study period was 1489.6 per 100,000 population. Incidence showed a statistically significant steady decrease from 2010 to 2018 with a mean APC of −6.15% (95% CI = −6.97% ~ −5.32%). The decline was led by Meniere’s disease (APC = −9.83, 95% CI = −10.66% ~ −8.99%), followed by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (APC = −3.69, 95% CI = −4.53% ~ −3.03%), vestibular neuritis (APC = −7.85, 95% CI = -8.96 ~ −6.73), and other peripheral vestibular dizziness (APC = −5.56, 95% CI = −6.69% ~ −4.43%).ConclusionThe incidence of peripheral vestibular disorders, overall, and the four major subgroups, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere’s disease, vestibular neuritis, and other peripheral vestibular dizziness, all decreased substantially, year by year within the 2010–2018 period.
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- 2023
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6. Impaired spontaneous secretion as a potential factor in the development of sialolithiasis in the submandibular gland: A preliminary sialoscintigraphic study
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Yen‐Chun Chen, Luong Huu Dang, Wei‐Wen Chang, Chin‐Hui Su, and Shih‐Han Hung
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salivary scintigraphy ,sialolithiasis ,spontaneous secretion ,submandibular gland ,Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives The development of sialolithiasis is commonly related to local factors, such as the retrograde migration of foods, bacteria, or foreign bodies from the oral cavity. The association of sialolithiasis and saliva stasis resulting from decreased spontaneous secretion remains largely unexplored. The current study investigated the potential role of impaired spontaneous secretion in association with the formation of submandibular gland calculi. Study Design A retrospective cohort study. Methods Between September 2016 and December 2017, 11 patients with unilateral submandibular gland sialolithiasis confirmed with sialendoscopy were assigned to the experimental group. Another 35 patients clinically diagnosed with parotid obstructive sialadenitis were assigned as the control group. The slope changes of the isotope count curve of the unaffected submandibular gland in the experimental group and the bilateral submandibular glands in the control group were calculated and compared to estimate the spontaneous secretion differences. The degree of spontaneous secretion was defined as the slope changes in the steady ascending stage of the scintigraphic exam. Results The slope decline (degree of spontaneous secretion) on the unaffected side in patients with single‐gland submandibular obstructive sialadenitis was significantly lower than that in the control individuals (p = .002). In contrast, the between‐group comparison in the unaffected parotid glands revealed no difference in the slope decline. Conclusion The spontaneous secretion of the submandibular gland in patients with submandibular sialolithiasis was decreased compared to that in patients without submandibular sialolithiasis. This phenomenon might be associated with the development of sialolithiasis. Level of Evidence 3.
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- 2022
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7. A nationwide cohort study suggests clarithromycin-based therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication is safe in patients with stable coronary heart disease and subsequent peptic ulcer disease
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Yen-Chun Chen, Yi-Da Li, Ben-Hui Yu, and Yi-Chun Chen
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Clarithromycin ,Overall mortality ,Cardiovascular mortality ,Cardiovascular morbidity ,Peptic ulcer disease ,Helicobacter pylori ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Abstract Background Clarithromycin-based therapy is important for Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment. However, clarithromycin may increase cardiovascular risk. Hence, we investigated the association between clarithromycin use and outcomes in adults with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) and subsequent peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Methods This nationwide cohort study used a national health insurance database to screen 298,417 Taiwanese residents who were diagnosed with coronary heart disease from 2001 to 2015 for eligibility in the study and to evaluate select eligible patients with CHD–PUD from 2004 to 2015. Data were obtained from new users of clarithromycin (n = 4183) and nonusers of clarithromycin (n = 24,752) during follow-up. A total of 4070 eligible clarithromycin users and 4070 nonusers were subject to final analysis by 1:1 propensity score matching. Participants were followed up after receiving clarithromycin or at the corresponding date until the occurrence of cardiovascular morbidity in the presence of competing mortality, overall mortality and cardiovascular mortality, or through the end of 2015. The incidence rates and risks of overall mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were evaluated. The associations between clarithromycin and arrhythmia risk, as well as its dose and duration and overall mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were also addressed. Results Clarithromycin users were associated with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.08 (95% confidence interval, 0.93–1.24; 21.5 compared with 21.2 per 1000 patient-years) for overall mortality, 0.95 (0.57–1.59; 1.5 compared with 1.8 per 1000 patient-years) for cardiovascular mortality, and 0.94 (0.89–1.09; 19.6 compared with 20.2 per 1000 patient-years) for cardiovascular morbidity in the presence of competing mortality, as compared with nonusers. We found no relationship between dose and duration of clarithromycin and overall mortality and cardiovascular outcomes and no increased risk of arrhythmia during follow-up period. After inclusion of arrhythmia events to re-estimate the risks of all study outcomes, the results remained insignificant. Conclusion Concerning overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular morbidity, our results suggest clarithromycin-based therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication may be safe in patients with stable CHD and subsequent PUD.
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- 2022
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8. Versatile Effects of GABA Oolong Tea on Improvements in Diastolic Blood Pressure, Alpha Brain Waves, and Quality of Life
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Chih-Cheng Lin, Chih-Yu Hsieh, Li-Fen Chen, Yen-Chun Chen, Tien-Hwa Ho, Shao-Chin Chang, and Jia-Feng Chang
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γ-aminobutyric acid ,oolong tea ,blood pressure ,brain wave ,quality of life ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that using a new manufacturing technology to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-fortified oolong (GO) tea could relieve human stress and exert versatile physiological benefits. The purpose of this human study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of daily GO tea consumption on improvements in blood pressure, relaxation-related brain waves, and quality of life (QOL) over a period of 28 consecutive days. Total polyphenols, major catechins, and free amino acids were analyzed via an HPLC assay. Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, α brain waves (index of relaxation), and the eight-item QOL score were investigated on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The chemical analysis results showed that GO tea contained the most abundant amino acids and GABA, contributing to the relaxation activity. Among all study participants, the daily consumption of GO tea could reduce systolic blood pressure on day 21 and diastolic blood pressure on day 28 (p < 0.05 for both). For participants with pre-hypertension, GO tea could effectively reduce heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure on day 28 (p < 0.05). At the end of the study, incremental changes in alpha brain waves and QOL scores were also demonstrated (p < 0.05 for both). This study suggests that GO tea might potentially serve as a natural source for alternative therapy to improve blood pressure, stress relief, and QOL.
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- 2023
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9. Identification and management of contraindicated drug–drug interactions through pharmaceutical care programs: Experience in direct-acting antivirals therapy
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Meng Hsuan Kuo, Chih-Wei Tseng, Chi-Hui Lee, Ya-Ching Yang, Hsin-Ju Wu, Hsiu-Ju Lin, Ya-Lan Chu, Yen-Chun Chen, and Kuo-Chih Tseng
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Direct-acting antivirals ,Drug–drug interactions ,Contraindication ,Cost avoidance ,Pharmaceutical care program ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background/purpose: To investigate the impact of pharmaceutical care programs for the management of contraindicated drug–drug interactions (DDIs) in direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy. Methods: A prospective observational study was performed at Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital between January 2018 and December 2019. Pharmacists screened DDIs for all hepatitis C patients before DAA therapy. The study outcome included the frequency of contraindicated DDIs, acceptance rate, and cost avoidance of the pharmaceutical care program. Results: A total of 1053 patients were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 67.1 ± 11.9 years. Most patients received therapy with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (37.1%; n = 391), elbasvir/grazoprevir (23.8%; n = 251), or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (21.1%; n = 222). A total of 796 (75.6%) patients received at least one co-medication, with the average number of co-medications being 5.2 per patient (SD: 4.4/patient). In total, 1356 DDIs were identified, with the average DDIs per patient of 1.3 (SD: 1.7). For patients with contraindicated DDIs (2%, n = 102), statins and amiodarone were the most common co-medications. Physicians often accepted pharmacists’ recommendations (acceptance rate of 72.5%) or withheld co-medication to avoid severe adverse drug events (ADEs). The estimated cost avoidance of preventable ADEs was USD 14,033 for contraindicated DDIs with pharmaceutical care programs. Conclusion: The implementation of pharmaceutical care programs in DAA therapy provides a favorable outcome and substantial cost avoidance.
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- 2022
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10. Propranolol use in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites: A nationwide study
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Yen-Chun Chen, Yun-Da Li, Chia-Ming Lu, Wei-Chun Huang, Sung-Shuo Kao, and Wen-Chi Chen
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cirrhosis ,propranolol ,refractory ascites ,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background: The impact of propranolol on patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites is controversial. We conducted a nationwide longitudinal cohort study to compare the survival between patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites, with and without using propranolol. Methods: Data of patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites using propranolol, and controls matched by age and gender, were extracted from The National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The baseline demographic characteristics were compared between groups. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the predictors of mortality. Results: In this study, 1788 patients were enrolled in each group; 1304 patients (72.9%) in the propranolol group and 1445 patients (80.8%) in the control group died (P < 0.001). The mean survival was 34.3 ± 31.2 months in the propranolol group and 20.8 ± 26.6 months in the control group (P < 0.001). Propranolol (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55–0.64, P < 0.001), statins (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.34–0.56, P < 0.001), age (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.02, P < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (HR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05–1.24, P = 0.002) were the independent predictors for mortality. Conclusions: Use of propanolol was associated with reduced mortality, compared with controls, in this nationwide cohort of patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites.
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- 2022
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11. No dose-response relationship of clarithromycin utilization on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable coronary heart disease: Analysis of Taiwan’s national health insurance claims data
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Ben-Hui Yu, Yen-Chun Chen, Yi-Da Li, Wen-Yen Chiou, and Yi-Chun Chen
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clarithromycin ,dose-response relationship ,all-cause mortality ,cardiovascular morbidity ,cause-specific mortality ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
BackgroundClarithromycin is widely used to treat various bacterial infections and has been reported to have potential cardiovascular risk. However, it is uncertain whether this association was dose dependent and confounded by indication bias in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD).MethodsThis cohort study retrospectively analyzed a national health insurance claims data from Taiwan’s 2005 Longitudinal Generation Tracking Database. We used a new-user design and 1:1 propensity score matching. A total of 9,631 eligible clarithromycin users and 9,631 non-users in 2004–2015 were subject to final analysis. All patients were followed-up after receiving clarithromycin or on the matched corresponding date until occurrence of cardiovascular morbidity in the presence of competing mortality, all-cause and cause-specific mortality, or through the end of 2015. The effect of cumulative dose, exposure duration, and indications of clarithromycin on cardiovascular outcomes were also addressed.ResultsClarithromycin use, compared with non-use, was associated with higher risk for all-cause [adjusted hazard ratios (aHR), 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.29–1.58], cardiovascular (1.35; 1.09–1.67), and non-cardiovascular (1.45; 1.29–1.63) mortality, but not for overall cardiovascular morbidity. Further analysis of individual cardiovascular morbidity demonstrated major risk for heart events (1.25; 1.04–1.51) in clarithromycin users than non-users. However, there was no relationship of cumulative dose, exposure duration, and indications of clarithromycin on cardiovascular outcomes. Analyses of the effects over time showed that clarithromycin increased cardiovascular morbidity (1.21; 1.01–1.45), especially heart events (1.39; 1.10–1.45), all-cause (1.57; 1.38–1.80), cardiovascular (1.58; 1.20–2.08), and non-cardiovascular (1.57; 1.35–1.83) mortality during the first 3 years. Thereafter, clarithromycin effect on all outcomes almost dissipated.ConclusionClarithromycin use was associated with increased risk for short-term cardiovascular morbidity (especially, heart events) and mortality without a dose-response relationship in patients with stable CHD, which was not dose dependent and confounded by indications. Hence, patients with stable CHD while receiving clarithromycin should watch for these short-term potential risks.
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- 2022
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12. The sialodynamic test: A preliminary porcine head study
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Luong Huu Dang, Yen-Chun Chen, How Tseng, Chin-Hui Su, and Shih-Han Hung
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objectives To provide a concept of measuring pressure changes under constant fluid infusion for the diagnosis of sialolithiasis, termed the sialodynamic test, in a porcine head model. Methods Using a porcine head model, a constant infusion of water into the submandibular gland of the two groups over 30 s was performed and the outlet pressure was measured. Metal beads were inserted into the salivary duct for obstruction simulation after the normal submandibular gland sialodynamic measurements were completed. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the differences between the measured individuals and the experimental group ( n = 3). Results The results showed no significant difference between individuals in the control group, but intergroup variation was noted in the simulated sialolithiasis group. The volume-dependent linear increase in pressure was exacerbated in the simulated sialolithiasis group compared with the control. Conclusion This study indicated that evaluating the relationship between pressure and volume changes can help to determine whether stones are present in the submandibular gland. The sialodynamic test might serve as a potential diagnostic method for salivary diseases.
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- 2022
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13. Realization of Forest Internet of Things Using Wireless Network Communication Technology of Low-Power Wide-Area Network
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Ming Zhao, Ren-Jie Ye, Shuo-Tsung Chen, Yen-Chun Chen, and Zi-Yu Chen
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intelligent forest monitoring ,Internet of things (IoT) ,low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) ,long range (LoRa) ,narrow-band Internet of things (NB-IoT) ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
This work implements an intelligent forest monitoring system using the Internet of things (IoT) with the wireless network communication technology of a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN), a long range (LoRa), and a narrow-band Internet of things (NB-IoT). A solar micro-weather station with LoRa-based sensors and communications was built to monitor the forest status and information such as the light intensity, air pressure, ultraviolet intensity, CO2, etc. Moreover, a multi-hop algorithm for the LoRa-based sensors and communications is proposed to solve the problem of long-distance communication without 3G/4G. For the forest without electricity, we installed solar panels to supply electricity for the sensors and other equipment. In order to avoid the problem of insufficient solar panels due to insufficient sunlight in the forest, we also connected each solar panel to a battery to store electricity. The experimental results show the implementation of the proposed method and its performance.
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- 2023
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14. Office-based salivary gland ductal irrigation in patients with chronic sialoadenitis: A preliminary study
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Yen-Chun Chen, Luong Huu Dang, Lung-Che Chen, Chi-Ching Chang, Deng-Yu Han, Chung-Huei Hsu, Yi-Fang Ding, Chin-Hui Su, and Shih-Han Hung
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Salivary ductal irrigation ,Sjogren's syndrome ,Postradiotherapy sialoadenitis ,Post-RAI sialoadenitis ,Salivary scintigraphy ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background/Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic responsiveness of office-based salivary gland ductal irrigation in patients with chronic sialoadenitis. Methods: Between August 2017 and April 2019, 55 patients comprising the following three disease groups were enrolled: Sjogren’s syndrome: 39 patients; postradiotherapy sialoadenitis: ten patients; and post-RAI sialoadenitis: six patients. Quantitative salivary scintigraphy was recorded, and a formulated questionnaire including the Summated Xerostomia Inventory was utilized to assess acute/chronic symptoms. All patients received at least three serial salivary gland ductal irrigations with a one-month interval in our outpatient department. Results: The general response rates for each disease groups are as follows: Sjogren’s syndrome: 61.5% (24/39); postradiotherapy: 60% (6/10); and post-RAI: 83.3% (5/6). Among the patients with Sjogren’s syndrome, the parotid scintigraphic Tmin showed a significant positive correlation with the responsiveness of salivary irrigation (P = 0.046), whereas the treatment tended to be irresponsive in patients who previously took medicine for their related discomfort (P = 0.009). In the postradiotherapy and post-RAI groups, no significant factors were found to be associated with the responsiveness of irrigation. Conclusion: Simple salivary ductal irrigation without complex equipment can be performed as an outpatient procedure to alleviate glandular swelling or xerostomia in patients with Sjogren's syndrome, postradiotherapy sialoadenitis or post-RAI sialoadenitis, and it can be considered an alternative management approach for patients refractory to conventional strategies.
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- 2021
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15. Baseline thrombopoietin level is associated with platelet count improvement in thrombocytopenic chronic hepatitis C patients after successful direct-acting antiviral agent therapy
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Yen-Chun Chen, Ping-Hung Ko, Chi-Che Lee, Chih-Wei Tseng, and Kuo-Chih Tseng
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Chronic hepatitis C ,Direct-acting antiviral agents ,Platelet ,Thrombocytopenia ,Thrombopoietin ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Abstract Background Thrombocytopenia can rapidly improve in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients receiving direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA). The role of baseline (BL) thrombopoietin (TPO) in this phenomenon is unclear. Methods From June 2016 to February 2019, a total of 104 CHC patients receiving DAA, with a sustained virologic response and BL thrombocytopenia, at Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Significant platelet count improvement and platelet count improvement ratio were analyzed for correlation with BL TPO. Results This cohort included 40 men (38.5%). Seventy-two (69.2%) patients had advanced fibrosis. The platelet count [median (range)] increased from 110.5 (32–149) × 103/µL at BL to 116.5 (40–196) and 118.0 (35–275) × 103/µL at end of treatment (EOT) and 12 weeks after EOT (P12), respectively, (EOT vs. BL, P
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- 2021
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16. Antibiotic exposure and asthma development in children with allergic rhinitis
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Yi-Ching Lin, Yen-Chun Chen, Chang-Hung Kuo, Yu-Han Chang, Hsin-Yi Huang, Wei-Ju Yeh, Ting-Yi Wu, Ming-Yii Huang, and Chih-Hsing Hung
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Asthma ,Allergic rhinitis ,Antibiotics ,Children ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Purpose: Early-life antibiotic use may be associated with asthma, yet whether this association also exists in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unknown. We investigated the association between antibiotic exposure and asthma development in AR children. Methods: AR patients less than 18 year-old were enrolled from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database, which reported information from 2005 to 2010. The case group was defined as having newly developed asthma, and the control group was defined as never having an asthma diagnosis. The age of first exposure to antibiotic prescriptions and antibiotic exposure records preceding 5 years before the first asthma diagnosis were obtained from drug prescription records. The odds ratio (OR) was examined after adjusting for age, gender, resident urbanization, underlying medical disorders and medications. Results: A total of 3236 AR patients with newly developed asthma and 9708 AR patients without asthma were included in this study. Antibiotic exposure before the age of 3 years was not associated with asthma development. Preceding 5-year antibiotic exposure increased the risk of asthma development with a dose-response relationship, even for antibiotics with low cumulative defined daily doses (adjusted OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.12–1.75). Preceding 5-year exposure to penicillin and macrolide significantly increased the risk of asthma when diagnosed before age 12 in AR patients, but this was not statistically significant when asthma diagnosed after age 12. Conclusion: Preceding 5-year antibiotic exposure, particularly to penicillin group of amoxicillin and macrolides, is associated with the risk of asthma development before age 12 in AR children.
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- 2020
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17. Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Mortality in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Taiwan
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Chi-Pang Wen, Yi-Che Lee, Yuan-Ting Sun, Chih-Yuan Huang, Chon-Haw Tsai, Po-Lin Chen, Wei-Lun Chang, Po-Yen Yeh, Cheng-Yu Wei, Ming-Jun Tsai, Yu Sun, Chih-Hao Lin, Jiunn-Tay Lee, Ta-Chang Lai, Li-Ming Lien, Mei-Chen Lin, Cheng-Li Lin, June-Han Lee, Hao-Kuang Wang, Chung Y. Hsu, Taiwan Stroke Registry Investigators, Chung-Hsiang Liu, Wei-Shih Huang, Chung-Ta Lu, Tzung-Chang Tsai, Chun-Hung Tseng, Kang-Hsu Lin, Woei-Cherng Shyn, Yu-Wan Yang, Yen-Liang Liu, Der-Yang Cho, Chun-Chung Chen, Shih-Pin Hsu, Han-Jung Chen, Cheng-Sen Chang, Hung-Chang Kuo, Lian-Hui Lee, Huan-Wen Tsui, Jung-Chi Tsou, Yan-Tang Wang, Yi-Cheng Tai, Kun-Chang Tsai, Yen-Wen Chen, Kang Lu, Po-Chao Liliang, Yu-Tun Tsai, Cheng-Loong Liang, Kuo-Wei Wang, Jui-Sheng Chen, Po-Yuan Chen, Cien-Leong Chye, Wei-Jie Tzeng, Pei-Hua Wu, Chih-Hung Chen, Han-Chieh Hsieh, Hui-Chen Su, Yu-Shan Lee, Hsin-Yi Chi, Chou-Hsiung Pan, Po-Chi Chan, Min-Hsien Hsu, Ya-Ying Wu, Zhi-Zang Huang, Hai-Ming Shoung, Yi-Chen Lo, Fu-Hwa Wang, Chien-Chung Chen, Yu-Tai Tsai, Ko-Yi Wang, Tzu-Hsuan Huang, Chao-Nan Yang, Chao-Hsien Hung, Ian Shih, Hsin-Yi Kao, Chien-Jung Lu, Cheng-Huai Lin, Chieh-Cheng Huang, Chang-Hsiu Liu, Hoi-Fong Chan, Ping-Kun Chen, Pai-Yi Chiu, Jiann-Chyun Lin, Yaw-Don Hsu, Jong-Chyou Denq, Giia-Sheun Peng, Chang-Hung Hsu, Chun-Chieh Lin, Che-Hung Yen, Chun-An Cheng, Yueh-Feng Sung, Yuan-Liang Chen, Ming-Tung Lien, Chung-Hsing Chou, Chia-Chen Liu, Fu-Chi Yang, Yi-Chung Wu, An-Chen Tso, Yu-Hua Lai, Chun-I Chiang, Chia-Kuang Tsai, Meng-Ta Liu, Ying-Che Lin, Yu-Chuan Hsu, Jiu-Haw Yin, Chung-JenWang, Kai-ChenWang, Li-Mei Chen, Hou-Chang Chiu, Wei-Hung Chen, Chyi-Huey Bai, Chi-Ieong Lau, Hsu-Ling Yeh, Anna Chang, Jiann-Shing Jeng, Sung-Chun Tang, Li-Kai Tsai, Shin-Joe Yeh, Ching-Huang Lin, Cheng-Chang Yen, Ruey-Tay Lin, Chun-Hung Chen, Gim-Thean Khor, A-Ching Chao, Hsiu-Fen Lin, Poyin Huang, Huey-Juan Lin, Der-Shin Ke, Chia-Yu Chang, Poh-Shiow Yeh, Kao-Chang Lin, Tain-Junn Cheng, Chih-Ho Chou, Chun-Ming Yang, Hsiu-Chu Shen, An-Chih Chen, Shih-Jei Tsai, Tsong-Ming Lu, Sheng-Ling Kung, Mei-Ju Lee, Hsi-Hsien Chou, Siu-Pak Lee, Ming-Hui Sun, Li-Ying Ke, Sheng-Feng Sung, Cheung-Ter Ong, Chi-Shun Wu, Yu-Hsiang Su, Ling-Chien Hung, Tsuey-Ru Chiang, Mei-Ching Lee, Pai-Hao Huang, Sian-King Lie, Pin-Wen Liao, Jen-Tse Chen, Mu-Chien Sun, Tien-Pao Lai, Wei-Liang Chen, Yen-Chun Chen, Ta-Cheng Chen, Wen-Fu Wang, Kwo-Whei Lee, Chen-Shu Chang, Chien-Hsu Lai, Siao-Ya Shih, Chieh-Sen Chuang, Yen-Yu Chen, Chien-Min Chen, Shinn-Kuang Lin, Yu-Chin Su, Cheng-Lun Hsiao, Fu-Yi Yang, Chih-Yang Liu, Han-Lin Chiang, Ser-Chen Fu, Chun-Yuan Chang, I-sheng Lin, Chung-Hsien Chien, Yang-Chuang Chang, Yu-Jen Hsiao, Chen-Wen Fang, Yu-Wei Chen, Kuo-Ying Lee, Yun-Yu Lin, Chen-Hua Li, Hui-Fen Tsai, Chuan-Fa Hsieh, Chih-Dong Yang, Shiumn-Jen Liaw, How-Chin Liao, Shoou-Jeng Yeh, Liang-Po Hsieh, Yong-Hui Lee, Chung-Wen Chen, Chih-Shan Hsu, Ye-Jian-Jhih, Hao-Yu Zhuang, Yan-Hong Pan, Shin-An Shih, Chin-I Chen, Jia-Ying Sung, Hsing-Yu Weng, Hao-Wen Teng, Jing-Er Lee, Chih-Shan Huang, Shu-Ping Chao, Rey-Yue Yuan, Jau-Jiuan Sheu, Jia-Ming Yu, Chun-Sum Ho, Ting-Chun Lin, Shih-Chieh Yu, Jiunn-Rong Chen, Song-Yen Tsai, Hung-Pin Tseng, Chin-Hsiung Liu, Chun-Liang Lin, Hung-Chih Lin, Pi-Tzu Chen, Chaur-Jong Hu, Nai-Fang Chi, Lung Chan, Chang-Ming Chern, Chun-Jen Lin, Shuu-Jiun Wang, Li-Chi Hsu, Wen-Jang Wong, I-Hui Lee, Der-Jen Yen, Ching-Piao Tsai, Shang-Yeong Kwan, Bing-Wen Soong, Shih-Pin Chen, Kwong-Kum Liao, Kung-Ping Lin, Chien Chen, Din-E Shan, Jong-Ling Fuh, Pei-Ning Wang, Yi-Chung Lee, Yu-Hsiang Yu, Hui-Chi Huang, Jui-Yao Tsai, Ming-Hsiu Wu, Shi-Cheng Chen, Chiung-Yao Wang, Ming-Chin Hsu, Tsang-Shan Chen, Ping-Keung Yip, Vinchi Wang, Kaw-ChenWang, Chung-Fen Tsai, Chao-Ching Chen, Chih-Hao Chen, Yi-Chien Liu, Shao-Yuan Chen, Zi-Hao Zhao, Zhi-Peng Wei, Shey-Lin Wu, Ching-Kuan Liu, Ryh-Huei Lin, Ching-Hua Chu, Sui-Hing Yan, Yi-Chun Lin, Pei-Yun Chen, Sheng-Huang Hsiao, Bak-Sau Yip, Pei-Chun Tsai, Ping-Chen Chou, Tsam-Ming Kuo, Yi-Chen Lee, Yi-Pin Chiu, and Yi-Sheng Liao
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stroke ,ICH ,LDL ,Taiwan Stroke Registry ,mortality ,proportional hazards regression analysis ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Objective: Lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are associated with increased intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) risk. However, reverse causality and residual confounding has not attracted public attention. Therefore, we assessed whether people with LDL-C have increased risk of mortality adjusting for potential confounders using two large Taiwan cohorts.Methods: The Mei-Jhao (MJ) cohort has 414,372 adults participating in a medical screening program with 378 ICH deaths within 15 years of follow-up (1994–2008). Cox proportional hazards regressions estimated hazard death ratios according to LDL-C levels. We identified 4,606 ICH patients from the Taiwan Stroke Registry (TSR) and analyzed the impact of LDL-C on 3-month mortality.Results: Low cholesterol (LDL-C
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- 2022
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18. Degassing a Decellularized Scaffold Enhances Wound Healing and Reduces Fibrosis during Tracheal Defect Reconstruction: A Preliminary Animal Study
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Nguyen-Kieu Viet-Nhi, Yen-Chun Chen, Luong Huu Dang, How Tseng, and Shih-Han Hung
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tissue engineering ,small intestinal submucosa ,degas ,tracheal patch model ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Few efforts have been made regarding the optimization of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) to improve its biocompatibility. This study aims to evaluate the effect of SIS degassing on the promotion of cell attachment and wound healing. The degassed SIS was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, compared with the nondegassed SIS control. In the cell sheet reattachment model, the reattached cell sheet coverage was significantly higher in the degassed SIS group than in the nondegassed group. Cell sheet viability was also significantly higher in the SIS group than in the control group. In vivo studies showed that the tracheal defect repaired by the degassed SIS patch showed enhanced healing and reductions in fibrosis and luminal stenosis compared to the nondegassed SIS control group, with the thickness of the transplanted grafts in the degassed SIS group significantly lower than those in the control group (346.82 ± 28.02 µm vs. 771.29 ± 20.41 µm, p < 0.05). Degassing the SIS mesh significantly promoted cell sheet attachment and wound healing by reducing luminal fibrosis and stenosis compared to the nondegassed control SIS. The results suggest that the degassing processing might be a simple and effective way to improve the biocompatibility of SIS.
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- 2023
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19. Development of a Modern Citizen Core Literacy Test for Middle School Students
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Yen-Chun Chen and Su-Pin Hung
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differential item functioning ,item response theory ,modern citizen core literacy ,Education ,Theory and practice of education ,LB5-3640 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design the Modern Citizen Core Literacy Test with well reliability and validity for middle school students. To develop the test, the core competency index as well as the assessment framework of the International Civic and Citizenship Education Survey were used as references. The Modern Citizen Core Literacy Test is developed to reflect the life experiences of middle school students. To establish content validity of the test, a panel of experts from middle schools were invited to review the first version of the test. After a pilot study, the test was administered to a total of 1,479 students from 22 middle schools in Taiwan; they were recruited with stratified purposive sampling. Multi-dimensional Partial Credit Model was used to assess the model-data fit. Five-core literacy were identified: moral literacy, democracy literacy, scientific literacy, media literacy and aesthetic literacy. Moreover, the test showed sufficient internal consistency with person separation reliability ranging from .593 to .882. The Split-half reliability is .883. In addition, the present study adopted item response theory based validation procedure. The results revealed that five dimensions of the Modern Citizen Core Literacy Test exhibited an acceptable model-data fit. Criterion-related validity, interpretability evidence, generalizability evidence, and substantive evidence were all supported, indicating that the test has good reliability and validity.
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- 2019
20. Photothermal Responsivity of van der Waals Material-Based Nanomechanical Resonators
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Myrron Albert Callera Aguila, Joshoua Condicion Esmenda, Jyh-Yang Wang, Yen-Chun Chen, Teik-Hui Lee, Chi-Yuan Yang, Kung-Hsuan Lin, Kuei-Shu Chang-Liao, Sergey Kafanov, Yuri A. Pashkin, and Chii-Dong Chen
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van der Waals materials ,nanomechanical resonators ,Fabry–Pérot interferometry ,photothermal response ,static displacement ,absorptive heating ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Nanomechanical resonators made from van der Waals materials (vdW NMRs) provide a new tool for sensing absorbed laser power. The photothermal response of vdW NMRs, quantified from the resonant frequency shifts induced by optical absorption, is enhanced when incorporated in a Fabry–Pérot (FP) interferometer. Along with the enhancement comes the dependence of the photothermal response on NMR displacement, which lacks investigation. Here, we address the knowledge gap by studying electromotively driven niobium diselenide drumheads fabricated on highly reflective substrates. We use a FP-mediated absorptive heating model to explain the measured variations of the photothermal response. The model predicts a higher magnitude and tuning range of photothermal responses on few-layer and monolayer NbSe2 drumheads, which outperform other clamped vdW drum-type NMRs at a laser wavelength of 532 nm. Further analysis of the model shows that both the magnitude and tuning range of NbSe2 drumheads scale with thickness, establishing a displacement-based framework for building bolometers using FP-mediated vdW NMRs.
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- 2022
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21. The Predictive Role of Hepatitis B Biomarkers on HBV Reactivation following Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy in HBV/HCV Coinfected Patients
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Chih-Wei Tseng, Wen-Chun Liu, Ping-Hung Ko, Yen-Chun Chen, Kuo-Chih Tseng, and Ting-Tsung Chang
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hepatitis B surface antigen ,hepatitis B core-related antigen ,HBV pregenomic RNA ,hepatitis C ,HBV/HCV coinfection ,direct-acting antiviral ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Hepatitis B and C (HBV/HCV) coinfected patients have a potential risk of hepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) after direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment. The study intends to investigate the predictive role of HBV biomarkers in HBVr. Forty-six HBV/HCV coinfected patients receiving DAAs were enrolled. All patients completed treatment and follow-up to the 12th-week post-DAA treatment (P12). Blood samples were measured for HBV biomarkers, including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), and HBV pregenomic RNA (HBV pgRNA). The predictive factors for HBVr after DAA treatment were analyzed. Among 31 patients without nucleot(s)ide analogue (NA) treatment, seven (22.5%, 7/31) developed HBVr without hepatitis flare-up. Patients with HBVr had higher HBsAg titers than those without HBVr from baseline to P12 (p = 0.008, 0.009, 0.004, and 0.006 at baseline, week 4, end of treatment, and P12, respectively). The baseline HBsAg level was the only predictive factor associated with HBVr (HR, 2.303; 95% CI, 1.086–4.882; p = 0.030). In predicting HBVr, a baseline HBsAg titer > 20 IU/mL had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 85.7%, 75.0%, 50%, and 94.7%, respectively. No patient had HBVr if the baseline HBsAg titer was
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- 2022
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22. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin partly reflects the dynamic changes of renal function among chronic hepatitis C patients receiving direct-acting antivirals.
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Yen-Chun Chen, Chen-Hao Li, Ping-Hung Ko, Chi-Che Lee, Ru-Jiang Syu, Chih-Wei Tseng, and Kuo-Chih Tseng
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundChanges in renal function in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients receiving direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are controversial. The evolution of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in these patients remains unclear.MethodsA total of 232 CHC patients receiving DAA at Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital from May 2016 to February 2019, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Grade 2/3 renal function deterioration, defined as a decrease in eGFR between 10% and 50% from baseline (BL) to 12 weeks after the end of treatment (P12), was investigated for its association with BL characteristics. The changes in renal function and NGAL levels were also analyzed at the SOF-base or nonSOF-base DAA.ResultsSixty-two patients (26.7%) had grade 2/3 renal function deterioration at P12 after DAA therapy. Univariate analysis showed that it was associated with age (P = 0.038). Multivariate analysis indicated that age (OR = 1.033, 95% CI: 1.004-1.064, P = 0.027), sex (male; OR = 2.039, 95% CI: 1.093-3.804, P = 0.025), ACEI/ARB use (OR = 2.493, 95% CI: 1.016-6.119, P = 0.046), and BL NGAL (OR = 1.033, 95% CI: 1.001-1.067, P = 0.046) positively correlated with grade 2/3 renal function deterioration. Furthermore, eGFR was decreased (P = 0.009) and NGAL was increased (P = 0.004) from BL to P12 in CHC patients receiving SOF-based DAA.ConclusionsOf the CHC patients receiving DAA therapy, 26.7% had grade 2/3 renal function deterioration at P12, and it was associated with older age, gender being male, ACEI/ARB use, and higher BL NGAL levels. In addition, NGAL might be a biomarker of nephrotoxicity at P12 in patients receiving SOF-based DAA.
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- 2021
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23. Review of Metasurfaces and Metadevices: Advantages of Different Materials and Fabrications
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Wei-Lun Hsu, Yen-Chun Chen, Shang Ping Yeh, Qiu-Chun Zeng, Yao-Wei Huang, and Chih-Ming Wang
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metasurfaces ,metalens ,metadevices ,aspect ratio ,efficiency ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Flat optics, metasurfaces, metalenses, and related materials promise novel on-demand light modulation within ultrathin layers at wavelength scale, enabling a plethora of next-generation optical devices, also known as metadevices. Metadevices designed with different materials have been proposed and demonstrated for different applications, and the mass production of metadevices is necessary for metadevices to enter the consumer electronics market. However, metadevice manufacturing processes are mainly based on electron beam lithography, which exhibits low productivity and high costs for mass production. Therefore, processes compatible with standard complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor manufacturing techniques that feature high productivity, such as i-line stepper and nanoimprint lithography, have received considerable attention. This paper provides a review of current metasurfaces and metadevices with a focus on materials and manufacturing processes. We also provide an analysis of the relationship between the aspect ratio and efficiency of different materials.
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- 2022
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24. An Innovative Pose Control Mechanism for a Small Rudderless Underwater Vehicle
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Min-Fan Ricky Lee and Yen-Chun Chen
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unmanned underwater vehicles ,mobile robots ,robot motion control ,autonomous systems ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
Current and conventional pose (position and orientation) control of a small underwater vehicle is achieved by using rudders (yaw motion control) and elevators (pitch motion control), but these suffer from non-linear, indirect and complex control issues. This paper proposes an innovative pose control mechanism for small underwater vehicles. The mass shifter mechanism is designed and fabricated to control pitch and yaw motion with a single propeller only. The center of mass of the underwater vehicle is altered by moving a pair of counterweights on fixed tracks. The pitch and yaw are achieved by controlling the position of the counterweight pairs. The proposed system is designed, fabricated and tested in a real underwater environment for proof-of-concept. The result shows a simpler, more efficient and more effective pose control mechanism than conventional technology.
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- 2022
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25. Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak via foramen rotundum in a non-obese male presented as pseudo-Chiari malformation type I: a case report and literature review
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Dang Huu Luong, Yen-Chun Chen, Linh Ngoc Tuong Tran, Shih-Han Hung, and Quang Xuan Ly
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leak from the skull base has been previously reported, but there are few reports of sCSF leak from the foramen rotundum due to its rare occurrence. This case report describes a 15-year-old male patient that presented with left side watery rhinorrhoea that had been present since he was 4 years of age and a history of repeated bouts of meningitis of unknown cause. A discharge sample from the nose tested positive for beta-2 transferrin. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) revealed a fistula between the cerebellopontine angle and the left sphenoid sinus. There was also a pseudo-Chiari malformation type I with ectopia of the cerebellar tonsil. Endoscopic transnasal surgery identified a leak from the foramen rotundum that was repaired using autologous material and a contralateral pedicle nasoseptal flap. At 6 months after surgery, the patient reported no recurrence of the CSF leakage. Postoperative CT imaging revealed that the cerebellar tonsil was back in the normal position, indicating that the preoperative Chiari malformation was possibly due to decreased CSF volume. This current case shows that a rare case of sCSF leak from the foramen rotundum can be effectively repaired using the endoscopic transnasal approach.
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- 2020
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26. Factors Associated with Significant Platelet Count Improvement in Thrombocytopenic Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Receiving Direct-Acting Antivirals
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Yen-Chun Chen, Te-Sheng Chang, Chien-Hung Chen, Pin-Nan Cheng, Ching-Chu Lo, Lein-Ray Mo, Chun-Ting Chen, Chung-Feng Huang, Hsing-Tao Kuo, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Chi-Ming Tai, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Ming-Jong Bair, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chih-Lang Lin, Chun-Yen Lin, Pei-Lun Lee, Lee-Won Chong, Chao-Hung Hung, Jee-Fu Huang, Chi-Chieh Yang, Jui-Ting Hu, Chih-Wen Lin, Chia-Chi Wang, Wei-Wen Su, Tsai-Yuan Hsieh, Chih-Lin Lin, Wei-Lun Tsai, Tzong-Hsi Lee, Guei-Ying Chen, Szu-Jen Wang, Chun-Chao Chang, Sheng-Shun Yang, Wen-Chih Wu, Chia-Sheng Huang, Chou-Kwok Hsiung, Chien-Neng Kao, Pei-Chien Tsai, Chen-Hua Liu, Mei-Hsuan Lee, Chia-Yen Dai, Jia-Horng Kao, Wan-Long Chuang, Han-Chieh Lin, Chi-Yi Chen, Kuo-Chih Tseng, Ming-Lung Yu, and on behalf of TACR investigators
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hepatitis C virus ,chronic hepatitis C ,direct-acting antivirals ,platelet count ,thrombocytopenia ,significant platelet count improvement ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
To clarify the predictive factors of significant platelet count improvement in thrombocytopenic chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. CHC patients with baseline platelet counts of 3/μL receiving direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with at least 12-weeks post-treatment follow-up (PTW12) were enrolled. Significant platelet count improvement was defined as a ≥10% increase in platelet counts at PTW12 from baseline. Platelet count evolution at treatment week 4, end-of-treatment, PTW12, and PTW48 was evaluated. This study included 4922 patients. Sustained virologic response after 12 weeks post-treatment was achieved in 98.7% of patients. Platelet counts from baseline, treatment week 4, and end-of-treatment to PTW12 were 108.8 ± 30.2, 121.9 ± 41.1, 123.1 ± 43.0, and 121.1 ± 40.8 × 103/μL, respectively. Overall, 2230 patients (45.3%) showed significant platelet count improvement. Multivariable analysis revealed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99–1.00, p = 0.01), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06–1.38, p = 0.007), cirrhosis (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.58–0.75, p < 0.0001), baseline platelet counts (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98–0.99, p < 0.0001), and baseline total bilirubin level (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71–0.91, p = 0.0003) were independent predictive factors of significant platelet count improvement. Subgroup analyses showed that patients with significant platelet count improvement and sustained virologic responses, regardless of advanced fibrosis, had a significant increase in platelet counts from baseline to treatment week 4, end-of-treatment, PTW12, and PTW48. Young age, presence of DM, absence of cirrhosis, reduced baseline platelet counts, and reduced baseline total bilirubin levels were associated with significant platelet count improvement after DAA therapy in thrombocytopenic CHC patients.
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- 2022
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27. M2 macrophage subset decrement is an indicator of bleeding tendency in pediatric dengue disease
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Min-Sheng Lee, Yu-Hsin Tseng, Yen-Chun Chen, Chang-Hung Kuo, Shih-Ling Wang, Mei-Hsiu Lin, Yu-Fen Huang, Yu-Wen Wang, Yi-Ching Lin, and Chih-Hsing Hung
- Subjects
Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background/purpose: Dengue disease is widespread in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Severe dengue infection is characterized by plasma leakage, fluid accumulation, severe bleeding, or vital organ impairment. Bleeding is a critical complication of dengue disease. However, the biomarkers of dengue disease are still unknown. Macrophages have a distinct polarization phenotype related to M1/M2 classification. Macrophage polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype is considered critical for efficient antiviral immune responses, whereas the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype is considered essential for tissue remodeling. We investigated macrophage polarization patterns in the peripheral blood of pediatric patients with dengue disease. Methods: Medical records and laboratory data were collected from 23 pediatric healthy controls and 100 dengue disease samples from 50 dengue patients. Macrophage polarization-related surface markers were assessed using flow cytometry. Results: The percentage of macrophages in the peripheral blood was higher in dengue patients than in the healthy controls. The percentages of M2a and M2c macrophage subsets were higher and the percentage of M1 macrophage subset was lower in dengue patients than in healthy controls. However, the percentages of M1, M2a and M2b macrophage subsets in dengue patients with bleeding tendency were lower than that without bleeding tendency. The percentages of M2a, M2b, and M2c macrophage subsets were positively correlated with platelet counts. Conclusion: Decreased the percentages of M2 macrophage subsets in pediatric dengue patients are associated with bleeding tendency and lower platelet counts. Keywords: Pediatric dengue, Macrophage polarization, Bleeding, Platelet counts
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- 2018
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28. Altered monocyte differentiation and macrophage polarization patterns in patients with breast cancer
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Chih-Hsing Hung, Fang-Ming Chen, Yi-Ching Lin, Mei-Lan Tsai, Shih-Ling Wang, Yen-Chun Chen, Yi-Ting Chen, and Ming-Feng Hou
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Macrophage ,Polarization ,M1 ,M2 ,Breast cancer ,PM-2 K ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Macrophage heterogeneity is the main feature of the tumour microenvironment. Breast cancer is one of the most life-threatening cancers. However, macrophage polarization patterns in different tumour stages and the importance of its relationship to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer remains highly unclear. The present study investigated the patterns of monocyte differentiation and macrophage polarization in breast cancer. Methods Patients with breast cancer (n = 48) and healthy controls (n = 39) were prospectively recruited. The percentages and subsets of circulating macrophage-like cells were analysed by flow cytometry, and the polarization patterns of these cells in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer were compared with those of healthy controls. In addition, macrophage polarization patterns in different stages and HER2 status in breast cancer were investigated. Results The percentages of circulating macrophages, which are defined as PM-2 K+ cells in the peripheral blood, were significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than in healthy controls. The percentages of M1-like macrophages were significantly lower, but those of M2-like macrophages were significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than in healthy controls. The percentage of M2c-like macrophages was significantly higher in advanced (stages II and III) breast cancer. However, the patterns of macrophage polarization were not associated with HER2 status in breast cancer. Conclusions Aberrant macrophage polarization was observed in breast cancer and was correlated with breast cancer stage. These quantitative data may provide new molecular biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer.
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- 2018
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29. Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from a 40-year-old patient with the A8344G mutation of mitochondrial DNA and MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers) syndrome
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Yu-Ting Wu, Yu-Hung Hsu, Ching-Ying Huang, Ming-Ching Ho, Yu-Che Cheng, Cheng-Hao Wen, Hui-Wen Ko, Huai-En Lu, Yen-Chun Chen, Chia-Ling Tsai, Yi-Chao Hsu, Yau-Huei Wei, and Patrick C.H. Hsieh
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Mitochondrial defects are associated with clinical manifestations from common diseases to rare genetic disorders. Myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) syndrome results from an A to G transition at nucleotide position 8344 in the tRNALys gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and is characterized by myoclonus, myopathy and severe neurological symptoms. In this study, Sendai reprogramming method was used to generate an iPS cell line carrying the A8344G mutation of mtDNA from a MERRF patient. This patient-specific iPSC line expressed pluripotent stem cell markers, possessed normal karyotype, and displayed the capability to differentiate into mature cells in three germ layers.
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- 2018
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30. A Tapered Capillary-Based Contactless Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry for On-Line Preconcentration and Separation of Small Organics
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Yen-Chun Chen, Arun Krishnamurthy, Szu-Hua Chen, and Yu-Chie Chen
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contactless-atmospheric pressure ionization (C-API) ,mass spectrometry ,capillary electrophoresis (CE) ,capillary electrochromatography (CEC) ,preconcentration ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an effective technique for the separation of different analytes. Moreover, online preconcentration of trace analytes in the capillary for CE analysis has been demonstrated. CE and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) are suitable for the separation of analytes with similar polarities. Given that CE and CEC are only used to separate small-volume samples, sensitive mass spectrometry (MS) is a suitable detection tool for CE and CEC. Contactless atmospheric pressure ionization (C-API) is a continuous flow ion source that only uses a short capillary as the ionization emitter operated at atmospheric pressure for MS analysis. In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of hyphenating CE/CEC with C-API-MS by using a short and tapered capillary as the interface. The short capillary (a few centimeters) can function as the separation/preconcentration tube and the ionization emitter. This hyphenated technique can be used to analyze small organics within a few minutes. The suitability of using the hyphenated technique for online preconcentration, separation, and quantitative analysis for small organics is demonstrated in this study.
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- 2021
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31. Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a 39-year-old female patient with severe-to-profound non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss and a A1555G mutation in the mitochondrial MTRNR1 gene
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Yu-Hung Hsu, Yu-Ting Wu, Ching-Ying Huang, Ming-Ching Ho, Yu-Che Cheng, Shih-Han Syu, Huai-En Lu, Yen-Chun Chen, Chia-Ling Tsai, Hung-Ching Lin, Yau-Huei Wei, Yi-Chao Hsu, and Patrick C.H. Hsieh
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a prevalent form of deafness commonly arising from damage to the cochlear sensory hair cells and degeneration of the spiral ganglion neurons. In this study, Sendai virus was used to generate an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from a 39-year-old female patient diagnosed with severe-to-profound, non-syndromic SNHL. The patient also carries a A1555G mutation in the mitochondrial 12S ribosome RNA gene (MTRNR1). This iPSC line was verified to express pluripotent markers, possess normal karyotype, harbor the specific mutation and demonstrated the capacity to differentiate into three germ layers.
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- 2017
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32. Magnetic hyperthermia enhance the treatment efficacy of peri-implant osteomyelitis
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Chih-Hsiang Fang, Pei-I Tsai, Shu-Wei Huang, Jui-Sheng Sun, Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang, Hsin-Hsin Shen, San-Yuan Chen, Feng Huei Lin, Lih-Tao Hsu, and Yen-Chun Chen
- Subjects
Peri-implant osteomyelitis ,Magnetic nanoparticle ,Hyperthermia ,Biofilm ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background When bacteria colony persist within a biofilm, suitable drugs are not yet available for the eradication of biofilm-producing bacteria. The aim of this study is to study the effect of magnetic nano-particles-induced hyperthermia on destroying biofilm and promoting bactericidal effects of antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis. Methods Sixty 12-weeks-old male Wistar rats were used. A metallic 18G needle was implanted into the bone marrow cavity of distal femur after the injection of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). All animals were divided into 5 different treatment modalities. The microbiological evaluation, scanning electron microscope examination, radiographic examination and then micro-CT evaluation of peri-implant bone resorption were analyzed. Results The pathomorphological characteristics of biofilm formation were completed after 40-days induction of osteomyelitis. The inserted implants can be heated upto 75 °C by magnetic heating without any significant thermal damage on the surrounding tissue. We also demonstrated that systemic administration of vancomycin [VC (i.m.)] could not eradicate the bacteria; but, local administration of vancomycin into the femoral canal and the presence of magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia did enhance the eradication of bacteria in a biofilm-based colony. In these two groups, the percent bone volume (BV/TV: %) was significantly higher than that of the positive control. Conclusions For the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis, we developed a new modality to improve antibiotic efficacy; the protection effect of biofilms on bacteria could be destroyed by magnetic nanoparticles-induced hyperthermia and therapeutic effect of systemic antibiotics could be enhanced.
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- 2017
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33. Recent Advances in Salivary Scintigraphic Evaluation of Salivary Gland Function
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Yen-Chun Chen, Hsin-Yung Chen, and Chung-Huei Hsu
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salivary scintigraphy ,functional evaluation ,visual analysis ,quantitative ,Sjögren’s syndrome ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Saliva plays an important role in supporting upper gastrointestinal tract function and oral well-being. Salivary dysfunction mainly manifests with a decrease in salivary flow. Among varieties of quantitative methods, salivary scintigraphy is a relatively noninvasive, well-tolerated, reproducible, and objective approach for functional evaluation of salivary disorders, yet the lack of precise quantitative reference values and no standardized protocol limit its generalized utilization. In this article, we review the scintigraphic performance between the visual analysis and quantitative methods in predicting Sjögren’s syndrome and verify the potential aspects of the application in interpreting different disease entities and phases of functional salivary disorders.
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- 2021
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34. The Phenoxyphenol Compound diTFPP Mediates Exogenous C2-Ceramide Metabolism, Inducing Cell Apoptosis Accompanied by ROS Formation and Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
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Wen-Tsan Chang, Yung-Ding Bow, Yen-Chun Chen, Chia-Yang Li, Jeff Yi-Fu Chen, Yi-Ching Chu, Yen-Ni Teng, Ruei-Nian Li, and Chien-Chih Chiu
- Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ,phenoxyphenol compound ,diTFPP ,ROS ,apoptosis ,autophagy ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severe disease that accounts for 80% of liver cancers. Chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic strategy for patients who cannot be treated with surgery or who have late-stage HCC. C2-ceramide is an effective reagent that has been found to inhibit the growth of many cancer types. The metabolism of C2-ceramide plays a vital role in the regulation of cell death/cell survival. The phenoxyphenol compound 4-{2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)phenyl]phenoxy}phenol (diTFPP) was found to have a synergistic effect with C2-ceramide, resulting in considerable cell death in the HA22T HCC cell line. diTFPP/C2-ceramide cotreatment induced a two- to threefold increase in cell death compared to that with C2-ceramide alone and induced pyknosis. Annexin V/7-aminoactinomycin D (7AAD) double staining and Western blotting indicated that apoptosis was involved in diTFPP/C2-ceramide cotreatment-mediated cell death. We next analyzed transcriptome alterations in diTFPP/C2-ceramide-cotreated HA22T cells with next-generation sequencing (NGS). The data indicated that diTFPP treatment disrupted sphingolipid metabolism, inhibited cell cycle-associated gene expression, and induced autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive changes in gene expression. Additionally, we assessed the activation of autophagy with acridine orange (AO) staining and observed alterations in the expression of the autophagic proteins LC3B-II and Beclin-1, which indicated autophagy activation after diTFPP/C2-ceramide cotreatment. Elevated levels of ROS were also reported in diTFPP/C2-ceramide-treated cells, and the expression of the ROS-associated proteins SOD1, SOD2, and catalase was upregulated after diTFPP/C2-ceramide treatment. This study revealed the potential regulatory mechanism of the novel compound diTFPP in sphingolipid metabolism by showing that it disrupts ceramide metabolism and apoptotic sphingolipid accumulation.
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- 2021
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35. Mitochondrion-Directed Nanoparticles Loaded with a Natural Compound and a microRNA for Promoting Cancer Cell Death via the Modulation of Tumor Metabolism and Mitochondrial Dynamics
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Yu-Li Lo, Chen-Shen Wang, Yen-Chun Chen, Tse-Yuan Wang, Yih-Hsin Chang, Chun-Jung Chen, and Ching-Ping Yang
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EGFR targeting ,mitochondrion-directed nanoparticles ,natural compound ,microRNA ,mitochondrial dynamics ,cancer ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction may cause cancer and metabolic syndrome. Ellagic acid (abbreviated as E), a phytochemical, possesses anticancer activity. MicroRNA 125 (miR-125) may regulate metabolism. However, E has low aqueous solubility, and miR-125 is unstable in a biological fluid. Hence, this study aimed to develop nanoparticle formulations for the co-treatment of miR-125 and E. These nanoparticles were modified with one mitochondrion-directed peptide and a tumor-targeted ligand, and their modulating effects on mitochondrial dysfunction, antitumor efficacy, and safety in head and neck cancer (HNC) were evaluated. Results revealed that miR-125- and E-loaded nanoparticles effectively targeted cancer cells and intracellular mitochondria. The co-treatment significantly altered cellular bioenergetics, lipid, and glucose metabolism in human tongue squamous carcinoma SAS cells. This combination therapy also regulated protein expression associated with bioenergenesis and mitochondrial dynamics. These formulations also modulated multiple pathways of tumor metabolism, apoptosis, resistance, and metastasis in SAS cells. In vivo mouse experiments showed that the combined treatment of miR-125 and E nanoparticles exhibited significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. The combinatorial therapy of E and miR-125 nanoparticles effectively reduced SAS tumor growth. To our best knowledge, this prospective study provided a basis for combining miRNA with a natural compound in nanoformulations to regulate mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism associated with cancer.
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- 2020
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36. Role of thyrotropin-releasing hormone test in re-evaluation of congenital hypothyroidism
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Li-Min Chen, Yen-Chun Chen, Hui-Pin Hsiao, Bai-Hsiun Chen, and Mei-Chyn Chao
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Congenital hypothyroidism ,Neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia ,Thyrotropin-releasing hormone test ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test is useful for differentiating central and primary hypothyroidism, and is also valuable for diagnosing hypothyroidism. The threshold of the TRH test is usually set at 10–40 mIU/L. However, some experts are of the opinion that the TRH test has a limited role in evaluating hypothyroidism because of the clinical application of the new-generation thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) assay. We reviewed a case series to analyze the clinical use of the TRH test in the re-evaluation of congenital hypothyroidism. In total, data on 228 children with eutopic thyroid glands and neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia under levothyroxine replacement were collected. Basal TSH levels were measured and the TRH test was performed at the age of 3 years for re-evaluation of congenital hypothyroidism, and statistical analysis was performed. All of the patients were followed up to avoid over- or under-treatment. At the age of 3 years, 31.6% of the patients still had hypothyroidism. There was no significant difference between basal TSH level and TRH test in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism (p = 0.23). The negative predictive value of the basal TSH level was 100%, however, the positive predictive value was only 43.6%. When the TSH level was near the upper limit of the normal range (4.5–8.5 mIU/L), the TRH test result had a better correlation with hypothyroidism than the basal TSH level (p = 0.03). The threshold of the TRH test set at 60 mIU/L had the greatest area under the curve, with a negative predictive value of 95.2% and a positive predictive value of 80.2%. Neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia was a risk factor for hypothyroidism. We suggest that the TRH test should be administered in children with a basal TSH value near the upper limit of the normal range, and the threshold of the TRH test should be set at 60 mIU/L.
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- 2014
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37. Association of pocket epithelial cell proliferation in periodontitis with TLR9 expression and inflammatory response
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Yen-Chun Chen, Cheing-Meei Liu, Jiiang-Huei Jeng, and Chia-Chi Ku
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gingival epithelium ,immunohisto-chemistry ,matrix metalloproteinase 13 ,periodontitis ,Toll-like receptors ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Inflammatory response is triggered after recognition of microbial ligands by innate receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs). In this study, we examined serial frozen sections of gingival biopsies from patients with gingivitis or periodontitis by immunohistochemical analysis for the topographic expression patterns of selected innate receptors and their association with cell proliferation in clinically healthy and diseased gingival tissues. Methods: A total of 19 gingival biopsies were collected from patients at the School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical Center according to approved protocol and with informed consent. The specimens were assigned to either the gingivitis group or periodontitis group after clinical evaluation using gingival index. Frozen sections of gingival biopsies were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological evaluation. Serial sections of the same samples were stained with a panel of antibodies for immunohistochemical analysis. Expression of each protein marker was compared in the oral versus the sulcular epithelium of the same section. Results: Expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) was markedly increased in the basement membranes of the oral epithelium and in all layers of the pocket epithelium where it caused evident cell proliferation and migration of sulcular epithelial cells into the lamina propria of periodontitis tissue. TLR4 and the cytoplasmic NLRP3 were expressed in all sections examined regardless of disease state. However, expression of TLR9-, CK19- and collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinase-13 and activated NF-κB subunit p65 was more commonly found in periodontitis tissues than in gingivitis tissues. Conclusion: Activation of TLR9 signaling in the pocket epithelium was highly associated with periodontal inflammation and possibly with loss of tissue integrity. Further studies of mechanisms by which TLR9 signaling is activated in the periodontal epithelium may lead to new strategies for treating periodontitis.
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- 2014
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38. Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease, Easily Misdiagnosed as Cerebral Palsy: A Report of a Three-generation Family
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Yen-Chun Chen, Wen-Chen Liang, Yi-Ning Su, and Yuh-Jyh Jong
- Subjects
demyelination ,leukodystrophy ,Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease ,proteolipid protein ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder affecting myelination of the central nervous system, and is caused by mutations of the proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) gene. Clinical manifestations of PMD are variable and major features include progressive nystagmus, spasticity, tremor, ataxia, and psychomotor delay. We describe a classical PMD patient who had been misdiagnosed as cerebral palsy. He had nystagmus and psychomotor delay since infancy and tremor with ataxia developing gradually. Brain MRI revealed demyelination over white matter of the cerebral hemispheres and posterior limbs of the internal capsules. Positive family history led to subsequent mutation analysis, which identified a novel mutation (c.88G>C) in PLP1 in the proband, as well as his affected brother and maternal uncle, and asymptomatic maternal grandmother, mother and two sisters. Therefore, PMD should be considered in a cerebral palsy-like patient with or without positive family history. Mutation analysis is crucial for early diagnosis and further genetic counseling.
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- 2014
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39. Effects of Different Oxidation Degrees of Graphene Oxide on P-Type and N-Type Si Heterojunction Photodetectors
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Ching-Kuei Shih, Yu-Tang Ciou, Chun-Wei Chiu, Yu-Ru Li, Jia-Syun Jheng, Yen-Chun Chen, and Chu-Hsuan Lin
- Subjects
graphene oxide ,oxidation ,photodetector ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Oxygen-containing functional groups in graphene oxide (GO), a derivative of graphene, can widen the bandgap of graphene. In this study, we varied the amount of hydrogen peroxide used to prepare GO samples with different degrees of oxidation. Transmittance measurement, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to completely characterize the change in oxidation degree. The effects of oxidation degree on p-type and n-type Si heterojunction photodetectors were compared. Notably, GO with a lower oxidation degree led to a larger photoresponse of p-type Si, whereas that with a higher oxidation degree achieved a larger photoresponse of n-type Si.
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- 2018
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40. A 4-Phenoxyphenol Derivative Exerts Inhibitory Effects on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through Regulating Autophagy and Apoptosis Accompanied by Downregulating α-Tubulin Expression
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Wen-Tsan Chang, Wangta Liu, Yi-Han Chiu, Bing-Hung Chen, Shih-Chang Chuang, Yen-Chun Chen, Yun-Tzh Hsu, Mei-Jei Lu, Shean-Jaw Chiou, Chon-Kit Chou, and Chien-Chih Chiu
- Subjects
apoptosis ,autophagy ,ERK ,4-phenoxyphenol ,HCC ,α-tubulin ,microtubule ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cancer worldwide. Advanced HCCs are usually resistant to anticancer drugs, causing unsatisfactory chemotherapy outcomes. In this study, we showed that a 4-phenoxyphenol derivative, 4-[4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)phenoxy]phenol (4-HPPP), exerts an inhibitory activity against two HCC cell lines, Huh7 and Ha22T. We further investigated the anti-HCC activities of 4-HPPP, including anti-proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Our results showed that higher dosage of 4-HPPP downregulates the expression of α-tubulin and causes nuclear enlargement in both the Huh-7 and Ha22T cell lines. Interestingly, the colony formation results showed a discrepancy in the inhibitory effect of 4-HPPP on HCC and rat liver epithelial Clone 9 cells, suggesting the selective cytotoxicity of 4-HPPP toward HCC cells. Furthermore, the cell proliferation and apoptosis assay results illustrated the differences between the two HCC cell lines. The results of cellular proliferation assays, including trypan blue exclusion and colony formation, revealed that 4-HPPP inhibits the growth of Huh7 cells, but exerts less cytotoxicity in Ha22T cells. Furthermore, the annexin V assay performed for detecting the apoptosis showed similar results. Western blotting results showed 4-HPPP caused the increase of pro-apoptotic factors including cleaved caspase-3, Bid and Bax in HCC cells, especially in Huh-7. Furthermore, an increase of autophagy-associated protein microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3B (LC3B)-II and the decrease of Beclin-1 and p62/SQSTM1 were observed following 4-HPPP treatment. Additionally, the level of γH2A histone family, member X (γH2AX), an endogenous DNA damage biomarker, was dramatically increased in Huh7 cells after 4-HPPP treatment, suggesting the involvement of DNA damage pathway in 4-HPPP-induced apoptosis. On the contrary, the western blotting results showed that treatment up-regulates pro-survival proteins, including the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and the level of survivin on Ha22T cells, which may confer a resistance toward 4-HPPP. Notably, the blockade of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), but not Akt, enhanced the cytotoxicity of 4-HPPP against Ha22T cells, indicating the pro-survival role of ERK in 4-HPPP-induced anti-HCC effect. Our present work suggests that selective anti-HCC activity of 4-HPPP acts through induction of DNA damage. Accordingly, the combination of ERK inhibitor may significantly enhance the anti-cancer effect of 4-HPPP for those HCC cells which overexpress ERK in the future.
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- 2017
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41. The prevalence and risk factors for gallstone disease in taiwanese vegetarians.
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Yen-Chun Chen, Chia Chiou, Ming-Nan Lin, and Chin-Lon Lin
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Gallstone disease (GSD) and its complications are major public health issues globally. Although many community-based studies had addressed the risk factors for GSD, little is known about GSD prevalence and risk factors among Taiwanese vegetarians.This study included 1721 vegetarians who completed a questionnaire detailing their demographics, medical history, and life-styles. GSD was ascertained by ultrasonography or surgical history of cholecystectomy for GSD. The predictive probability of GSD for male and female vegetarians was estimated from the fitted model.The prevalence of GSD was 8.2% for both male and female vegetarians. The risk of GSD is similar in men and women across all age groups, and increases steadily with increasing age. For male vegetarians, age (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00-1.08) and serum total bilirubin level (OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.31-4.22) predict risk for GSD. For female vegetarians, age (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), BMI (OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01-1.13), and alcohol consumption (OR: 7.85; 95% CI: 1.83-33.73) are associated with GSD. GSD is not associated with type of vegetarian diet, duration of vegetarianism, low education level, physical inactivity, diabetes, coronary artery disease, cerebral vascular accident, chronic renal failure, hepatitis C virus infection, and lipid abnormalities. GSD is also not associated with age at menarche, postmenopausal status, and multiparity in female vegetarians.Risk factors useful for predicting GSD in vegetarians are (1) age and total bilirubin level in men, and (2) age, BMI, and alcohol consumption in women. Many previously identified risk factors for general population does not seem to apply to Taiwanese vegetarians.
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- 2014
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42. Potential risk of malposition of nasogastric tube using nose-ear-xiphoid measurement.
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Yen-Chun Chen, Lien-Yen Wang, Yu-Jun Chang, Chao-Pin Yang, Tsung-Ju Wu, Fung-Ru Lin, Sen-Yung Liu, and Ta-Sen Wei
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Correct placement of nasogastric tubes provide proper functionality and maximize benefit and minimize risk. The Nose-Ear-Xiphoid (NEX) body surface estimate method is a long-lasting technique, and this study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between NEX method and the secure insertion depth of nasogastric tube. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with nasogastric tube insertion who received whole body positron emission tomography with computerized tomography scan (PET-CT) were recruited. All data were gathered in the image center, which included Nose-Ear (NE), Ear-Xiphoid (EX), Nose-Ear-Xiphoid (NEX), glabella-xiphoid (GX) and glabella-umbilicus (GU) lengths. The distances of the inserted portion of the nasogastric tube between the cardiac and the nostril were measured by multiplanar reconstruction algorithm. RESULTS: Only one patient successfully placed all side-holes into the stomach while using NEX method to estimate inserting depth. Twenty-nine patients (96.7%) failed to place correctly. Fourteen participants had one or more side-holes in both the esophagus and the stomach sides. Fifteen patients could not pass through any side-hole across the gastroesophageal junction. They had shorter EX distances (p = 0.02), but no difference among the NE distances. Body height had the highest statistical correlation with nasogastric tube length (adjusted R(2) = 0.459), as compared with the NEX, GX and GU body surface methods. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that NEX method is inappropriate for adult patients to estimate the ideal inserting length of nasogastric tube. Physicians should realize these underinsertions with any side-hole above the gastroesophageal junctions may increase the potential risk of complications.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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43. Effects of GC bias in next-generation-sequencing data on de novo genome assembly.
- Author
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Yen-Chun Chen, Tsunglin Liu, Chun-Hui Yu, Tzen-Yuh Chiang, and Chi-Chuan Hwang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Next-generation-sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized the field of genome assembly because of its much higher data throughput and much lower cost compared with traditional Sanger sequencing. However, NGS poses new computational challenges to de novo genome assembly. Among the challenges, GC bias in NGS data is known to aggravate genome assembly. However, it is not clear to what extent GC bias affects genome assembly in general. In this work, we conduct a systematic analysis on the effects of GC bias on genome assembly. Our analyses reveal that GC bias only lowers assembly completeness when the degree of GC bias is above a threshold. At a strong GC bias, the assembly fragmentation due to GC bias can be explained by the low coverage of reads in the GC-poor or GC-rich regions of a genome. This effect is observed for all the assemblers under study. Increasing the total amount of NGS data thus rescues the assembly fragmentation because of GC bias. However, the amount of data needed for a full rescue depends on the distribution of GC contents. Both low and high coverage depths due to GC bias lower the accuracy of assembly. These pieces of information provide guidance toward a better de novo genome assembly in the presence of GC bias.
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- 2013
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44. On Pre-training of Multimodal Language Models Customized for Chart Understanding.
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Wan-Cyuan Fan, Yen-Chun Chen 0001, Mengchen Liu, Lu Yuan, and Leonid Sigal
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- 2024
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45. Synthesizing Programmatic Reinforcement Learning Policies with Large Language Model Guided Search.
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Max Liu, Chan-Hung Yu, Wei-Hsu Lee, Cheng-Wei Hung, Yen-Chun Chen, and Shao-Hua Sun
- Published
- 2024
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46. ReXTime: A Benchmark Suite for Reasoning-Across-Time in Videos.
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Jr-Jen Chen, Yu-Chien Liao, Hsi-Che Lin, Yu-Chu Yu, Yen-Chun Chen 0001, and Yu-Chiang Frank Wang
- Published
- 2024
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47. LACMA: Language-Aligning Contrastive Learning with Meta-Actions for Embodied Instruction Following.
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Cheng-Fu Yang, Yen-Chun Chen 0001, Jianwei Yang, Xiyang Dai, Lu Yuan, Yu-Chiang Frank Wang, and Kai-Wei Chang
- Published
- 2023
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48. Frido: Feature Pyramid Diffusion for Complex Scene Image Synthesis.
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Wan-Cyuan Fan, Yen-Chun Chen 0001, Dongdong Chen 0001, Yu Cheng 0001, Lu Yuan, and Yu-Chiang Frank Wang
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- 2023
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49. An intuitive pre-processing method based on human-robot interactions: zero-shot learning semantic segmentation based on synthetic semantic template.
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Yen-Chun Chen and Chin-Feng Lai
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- 2023
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50. Playing Lottery Tickets with Vision and Language.
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Zhe Gan, Yen-Chun Chen 0001, Linjie Li, Tianlong Chen, Yu Cheng 0001, Shuohang Wang, Jingjing Liu 0001, Lijuan Wang, and Zicheng Liu 0001
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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