82 results on '"Yeganeh N"'
Search Results
2. Exposures of male rats to environmental chemicals [bisphenol A and di (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate] affected expression of several proteins in the developing epididymis
- Author
-
Abdel‐Maksoud, F. M., Knight, R., Waler, K., Yaghoubi‐Yeganeh, N., Olukunle, J. O., Thompson, H., Panizzi, J. R., and Akingbemi, B. T.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Rational design of glycoengineered interferon-β analogs with improved aggregation state: experimental validation
- Author
-
Samoudi, M., Minuchehr, Z., Harcum, S.W., Tabandeh, F., Omid Yeganeh, N., and Khodabandeh, M.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Compared to oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine, botulinum toxin type A is a useful therapeutic option for trigeminal neuralgia symptoms: A systematic review
- Author
-
Yeganeh Naderi, Maryam Rad, Ali Sadatmoosavi, Elham Khaleghi, Zahra Khorrami, Goli Chamani, and Mohammad Shabani
- Subjects
botulinum toxin type A ,carbamazepine ,oxcarbazepine ,trigeminal neuralgia ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives This review aimed to compare the effectiveness of three treatments: BTX A, CBZ, and OXB, in managing trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Material and Methods We conducted a thorough search for research articles related to our issue using specific keywords on several databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier, Springer Journals, Ovid Medline, EBSCO, and Web of Science. Our focus was on publications from 1965 to 2023. Results We retrieved 46 articles from the search and reviewed them carefully. Out of these, we selected 29 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Among the selected articles, 11 investigated the effects of CBZ and OXB, while 18 explored the impact of BTX A on the improvement of TN symptoms. The response rate ranged between 56% and 90.5% for CBZ and between 90.9% and 94% for OXB. The response rate for BTX A ranged between 51.4% and 100%. All these three treatments had a remarkable effect on the improvement of TN. Importantly, findings highlighted that side effects of CBZ and OXB could lead to treatment discontinuation in some cases, whereas BTX A's side effects have been minimal and less frequent. Conclusions Consequently, BTX A emerges as a promising alternative for TN treatment. However, additional clinical trials are necessary to validate this finding, and further research is required to establish a standardized protocol for administering BTX A in TN.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Temporomandibular treatments are significantly efficient in improving otologic symptoms
- Author
-
Yeganeh Naderi, Elaheh Karami, Goli Chamani, Maryam Amizadeh, Maryam Rad, and Mohammad Shabani
- Subjects
Temporomandibular joint ,Otologic ,Otalgia ,Dizziness ,Tinnitus ,TMD-therapy ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Abstract Symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) could be present as otologic symptoms like earache and dizziness in some patients. In most cases, these symptoms are not recognized because otolaryngologists fail to diagnose TMD as a source of the problem. This investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of TMD treatments on the otologic symptoms which after taking history and clinical examinations seemed to be related to TMD. In the present study, the patients who were complaining of otalgia, ear fullness, tinnitus, hearing loss, and dizziness were evaluated by an ear fellow. Forty patients who had no known otologic or other primary causes to explain their symptoms, were referred to the orofacial pain clinic with the possible diagnosis of TMD. If the diagnosis was confirmed by an orofacial pain specialist, a combination of TMD treatments was administered to each case and the patients were followed up. The results showed that following implementation of treatment protocols for TMD, more than 50% of the patients reported complete or partial recovery in the second follow-up (p
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Evaluation of the Bonding Shear Strength between Enamel and Dentin Feldspathic Porcelain and Two Different Monolithic Zirconia with Low and High Translucency
- Author
-
Amirhossein Fathi, Yeganeh Natanzian, Mahsa Ghorbani, and Ramin Mosharraf
- Subjects
Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Introduction. The utilization of ceramics in the field of dentistry has seen a significant rise owing to their esthetic appeal and excellent functional properties. The use of ceramics in the field of dentistry has witnessed a notable surge, driven by their appealing esthetics and exceptional functional attributes. Zirconia, distinguished by its exceptional mechanical strength, plays a pivotal role in the fabrication of posterior crowns and bridges. Among zirconia variants, monolithic zirconia stands out, where the entire restoration is crafted from zirconia material. In parallel, feldspathic porcelain, chosen for its remarkable resemblance to natural tooth enamel, represents another significant ceramic type. This study aims to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) between two types of monolithic zirconia with two types of feldspathic porcelain. Methods and Materials. Forty-four monolithic zirconia veneered discs with feldspathic porcelain were subjected to SBS testing. The dimensions of the discs were 7 mm in diameter and 5 mm in height (3 mm of zirconia and 2 mm of porcelain). Subsequently, the specimens were subjected to a universal testing machine at a speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure occurred. The type of failure was examined using scanning electron microscopy. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), two-way ANOVA, Fisher’s test, and multiple Tukey comparisons were used as statistical analyses. Results. The highest SBS was achieved by the high-translucency monolithic zirconia with enamel porcelain group (18.81 ± 3.18 MPa) and the high-translucency monolithic zirconia with dentin porcelain group (17.89 ± 2.75 MPa), followed by the low-translucency monolithic zirconia with dentin porcelain group (15.04 ± 2.24 MPa) and the low-translucency monolithic zirconia with enamel porcelain group (14.33 ± 2.00 MPa), respectively. Additionally, the most common type of failure pattern observed was mixed, followed by adhesive failure. Conclusion. The translucency of the porcelain did not significantly affect SBS, while the type of monolithic zirconia used had a significant impact. Furthermore, there was no discernible relationship between the four groups in terms of the distribution of failure patterns.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Data Quality Aware Queries in Collaborative Information Systems
- Author
-
Yeganeh, N. K., primary, Sadiq, S., additional, Deng, K., additional, and Zhou, X., additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Effects of hyperbolic hardening parameters on seismic response of high rise buildings considering soil-structure interaction
- Author
-
Yeganeh, N and Fatahi, B
- Published
- 2019
9. Seasonal Effects on Seismic Performance of High Rise Buildings Considering Soil-Structure Interaction
- Author
-
Yeganeh, N and Fatahi, B
- Abstract
The Seismic Soil-Structure Interaction (SSSI), which is a tangled phenomenon, is concerned with the shear waves in preference to the longitudinal waves on account of a prevalent greater energy content in the former. The need for the high rise buildings in the megalopolises results in the paramountcy of the seismic soil-foundation-building interaction analysis in order to achieve the reliable predictions and mayhap curtail the severe damage and probable partial or total collapse of the superstructures. The seasonal effects could influence the soil moisture content particularly in the vadose zone near the surface, exacerbated by the climate change effects, inducing more frequent floods and drought. Wherefore, a soil-structure model was evaluated in this study, subjected to the soil moisture variations in the vadose zone, by utilizing the 3D finite difference modeling technique through the fully nonlinear dynamic analysis in the time domain considering SSSI during the 1994 Northridge earthquake. In particular, the objective was probing the possible effects of the selected degree of saturation (Sr) values, i.e., 5%, 17.5%, 60%, and 100%, for the noncohesive soil, named “Glacier Way Silt”, in conjunction with the small-strain shear moduli on the seismic performance and its corresponding damage of a 20-story reinforced concrete moment-resisting building frame. It is of note that the said values of Sr were employed for the common 4-m zone of influence in Australia, being a sequel of the natural and artificial wetting-drying cycles. Get to the point, it was concluded that the season, in which an earthquake befalls, is stark prominent insomuch as it is potent to impact the extend of the damage in a superstructure.
- Published
- 2018
10. Effects of Shear Wave Velocity Profile of Soil on Seismic Response of High Rise Buildings
- Author
-
Yeganeh, N., Behzad Fatahi, and Terzaghi, S.
- Subjects
Physics::Geophysics - Abstract
There is, nowadays, a conspicuous demand for the high rise buildings in the high-density dwellings of the urban areas; in consequence, harnessing the whiz-bang numerical simulations plus conducting the rigorous experimental studies so as to design and construct such prodigious structures would be essential. Thus, the appropriate parameters for modeling the structure and the soil medium in the Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) system should be selected. The soil-structure interaction is referred to the process in which the soil response is told on by the structure motion whilst the latter is affected by the soil motion. The current research zeroed in on the soil shear wave velocity and its influence on the superstructure performance. Invoking the weighted average shear wave velocity with the aim of calculating the soil shear modulus, which is closely related to the strength and deformation characteristics of the soil, has been a hotly debated issue since the aforesaid parameter was posited by a plethora of codes and regulations to obtain the soil site classification required for the earthquake design. To that end, the numerical model, having two assorted profiles associated with the shear wave velocity, namely, the in situ non-uniform profile (Case A) and the equivalent uniform profile (Case B), was built by means of FLAC3D, capable of analyzing the complex interaction issues via the direct method whereby the entire system of the structure-foundation-soil is modeled and analyzed in one single step. To put it in a nutshell, employing the weighted average shear wave velocity for the entire soil mass in parsing of the 3D seismic soil-structure interaction problems would be accused for ending up with somewhat unreliable results, e.g., underestimated drift ratio and building deformation, which might be the culprit of the damage to the building and possibly the death of the residents residing in the earthquake-prone zones.
- Published
- 2017
11. Exposures of male rats to environmental chemicals [bisphenol A and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate] affected expression of several proteins in the developing epididymis
- Author
-
Abdel-Maksoud, F. M., primary, Knight, R., additional, Waler, K., additional, Yaghoubi-Yeganeh, N., additional, Olukunle, J. O., additional, Thompson, H., additional, Panizzi, J. R., additional, and Akingbemi, B. T., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Case 3: Neonate Presenting with Acute Liver Failure and Shock
- Author
-
Adachi, K., primary, Barron, S., additional, Gell, J., additional, and Yeganeh, N., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Case 2: Ankle Pain, Swelling, and Fever after Trauma in a 15-year-old Boy
- Author
-
Adachi, K., primary, Robinson, C. L., additional, and Yeganeh, N., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Audio computer-assisted survey instrument versus face-to-face interviews: optimal method for detecting high-risk behaviour in pregnant women and their sexual partners in the south of Brazil
- Author
-
Yeganeh, N, primary, Dillavou, C, additional, Simon, M, additional, Gorbach, P, additional, Santos, B, additional, Fonseca, R, additional, Saraiva, J, additional, Melo, M, additional, and Nielsen-Saines, K, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Visual Diagnosis: Stool Passage of a White Ribbonlike Object in an Adventurous Eater
- Author
-
Hariadi, N. I., primary, Yeganeh, N., additional, Dien Bard, J., additional, and Ching, N., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Enteric Fever in a 6-Year-Old Traveler Caused by Salmonella enterica Serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A: Laboratory Detection Strategies and Treatment Options
- Author
-
Humphries, R. M., primary, Yeganeh, N., additional, Ward, K. W., additional, Lewinski, M. A., additional, and Ching, N., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Demographic risk factors of self-immolation
- Author
-
Ahmadi, A., primary, Mohammadi, R., additional, Schwebel, D. C., additional, Khazaie, H., additional, Yeganeh, N., additional, Almasi, A., additional, and Kassani, I., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Psychiatric disorders (Axis I & II) and self-immolation: a case-control study from Iran
- Author
-
Ahmadi, A., primary, Mohammadi, R., additional, Schwebel, D. C., additional, Yeganeh, N., additional, and Hejazi-Bazargan, S., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Correlation between Bispectral Index and predicted effect-site concentration of propofol in different levels of target-controlled, propofol induced sedation in healthy volunteers.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Roshani B, Almasi A, and Jamshidi N
- Abstract
INRODUCTION: Bispectral Index is an objective tool to assess electroencephalographic activity and measure the effect of certain sedatives and hypnotics on the brain. In addition, there are certain subjective tools such as the observer's assessment of alertness and sedation which are used. The correlation between BIS and the concentration of propofol in the brain, and the relationship between these subjective and objective tools in assessing sedation levels are the subject of this study. METHODS: Thirty healthy volunteers enrolled in this prospective observational study. They were sedated with a target controlled infusion of propofol with an initial target of 0.8 µg.mL(-1) and an increase in target to 0.2 µg.mL(-1) ten minutes after equilibration of the predicted and set target concentrations. In each sedation score, the Bispectral Index value and predicted effect site concentration of propofol were recorded and analyzed. Analysis of variance and significant differences between groups were analyzed by paired t-test. Correlations between Bispectral Index and effect site concentration of propofol at each sedation score and the relationship of BIS and effect site concentration of propofol to each sedation score were assessed and analyzed by nonparametric Spearman's rho. RESULTS: The means of Bispectral Index and effect site concentration of propofol at each sedation score showed a significant difference with the following score. Additionally, Bispectral Index and effect site concentration of propofol showed a significant negative correlation in sedation scores 3 and 2 when inducing sedation. In other sedation scores or when reversing the sedation, no strong correlation was noted. CONCLUSION: Both Bispectral Index and effect site concentration of propofol indicate a good estimate of sedation levels; however their correlations are significant and negative only at moderate and deep sedation levels, and during the induction of sedation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
20. Isopiestic Determination of 2-Propanol Activity in 2-Propanol + Poly(ethylene glycol) Solutions at 25 °C
- Author
-
Zafarani-Moattar, M. T. and Yeganeh, N.
- Abstract
The activities of 2-propanol in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (M
n : 1000, 300, 200) + 2-propanol solutions have been measured by the isopiestic method at 25 °C. Sodium iodide was used as the isopiestic standard for the calculation of activities. The original equation of Flory−Huggins and the modified Flory−Huggins equation with concentration dependent interaction parameters have been used for the correlation of obtained experimental solvent activity data. Better agreement with the experimental data was obtained using the modified Flory−Huggins equation.- Published
- 2002
21. Marshall syndrome in children referred to specialist clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ilam, Iran, 2012
- Author
-
Mohamadi, J., Panahi, J., Mohammadreza Havasian, Direkvand-Moghadam, A., Delpisheh, A., and Yeganeh, N.
22. 20 Years of Data Quality Research: Themes, Trends and Synergies
- Author
-
Shazia Sadiq, Yeganeh, N. K., and Indulska, M.
23. Target-controlled infusion anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil compared with manually controlled infusion anesthesia in mastoidectomy surgeries
- Author
-
Yeganeh, N., Roshani, B., Mitra Yari, and Almasi, A.
24. Demographic risk factors of self-immolation: a case-control study.
- Author
-
Ahmadi A, Mohammadi R, Schwebel DC, Khazaie H, Yeganeh N, and Almasi A
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate demographic risk factors for self-immolation patients. METHODS: In a case-control study, 30 consecutive cases of deliberate self-inflicted burns admitted to the regional Burn centre (Imam Khomeini hospital in Kermanshah province, Iran) were compared with 30 controls who were selected from the community and matched by gender, age, and living area. All cases and controls were reviewed for demographic variables, including: age, gender, living area, family size, marital status, bearing and number of children, Body Mass Index (BMI), birth order, employment state, educational status, early school drop-out, and parent/guardian employment status. RESULTS: Two variables emerged as related to risk of self-immolation. Being the first or last child in family birth order was associated with increased risk of self-immolation. Moreover, among the married participants, having children was associated with decreased risk of self-immolation. The comparisons of other variables were not statistically significant. In multivariate analyses, none of the variables predicted risk for self-immolation. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that being the first or last child of a family might be a risk factor for self-immolation. For married persons, having children might serve as a protective factor from self-immolation. Other variables such as family size, marital status, number of children, BMI, employment state, educational status, early school drop-out, and parent/guardian employment status did not play a role as individually protective or risk factors for self-immolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Effectiveness of JYNNEOS vaccine against symptomatic mpox disease in adult men in Los Angeles County, August 29, 2022 to January 1, 2023.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Yin S, Moir O, Danza P, Kim M, Finn L, Fisher R, Kulkarni S, Perez M, Poortinga K, Garland W, Foo C, Haddix M, Archer R, Frey N, Balter S, Singhal R, and Kim A
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Adult, Retrospective Studies, Los Angeles epidemiology, Middle Aged, Young Adult, HIV Infections prevention & control, Adolescent, Vaccination statistics & numerical data, Incidence, Sexually Transmitted Diseases prevention & control, Sexually Transmitted Diseases epidemiology, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccine Efficacy
- Abstract
We describe real-world estimates of JYNNEOS vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic mpox in Los Angeles County (LAC). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of men aged ≥18 years residing in LAC who were at risk for mpox and eligible for the JYNNEOS vaccine from 5/19/2022 to 1/1/2023. Case demographics and route of JYNNEOS administration were obtained through vaccine administration data systems. HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) status was obtained through disease reporting systems for HIV and STI diagnoses in LAC. To estimate VE, we calculated weekly incidence of confirmed mpox for unvaccinated, partially vaccinated (episode date ≥14 days after first dose), and fully vaccinated (episode date ≥14 days after second dose) cohorts starting on 8/29/2022, when fully vaccinated coverage exceeded 3 %, and ending on 1/1/2023. Overall, 2,171 men had confirmed mpox, and 1,002 (46 %) of those were persons living with diagnosed HIV (PLWDH). 2,019 (93 %) mpox cases were unvaccinated, 114 (5 %) were partially vaccinated and 38 (2 %) were fully vaccinated. VE was 69 % (95 % CI 59-77) for partially vaccinated and 84 % (95 % CI 80-87) for fully vaccinated individuals. Among PLWDH, VE was 72 % (95 % CI 57-82) for fully vaccinated and 28 % (95 % CI -96 to 73) VE for partially vaccinated individuals. Among persons not living with diagnosed HIV, VE was 88 % (95 % CI 86-90) for fully vaccinated and 80 % (95 % CI 76-83) for partially vaccinated individuals. Of 111 individuals hospitalized with mpox, one was partially vaccinated, and the remaining were unvaccinated. Our results align with other published studies that reported that two doses of the JYNNEOS vaccine provided significant protection against symptomatic mpox., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Opera trainees' cognitive functioning is associated with physiological stress during performance.
- Author
-
Motamed Yeganeh N, McKee T, Werker JF, Hermiston N, Boyd LA, and Cui AX
- Abstract
In an opera performance, singers must perform difficult musical repertoire at a high level while dealing with the stress of standing before a large audience. Previous literature suggests that individuals with better cognitive functions experience less stress. During a music performance such functions, especially attention, memory, and executive function, are in high demand, suggesting that cognitive functions may play a role in music performance. This study used physiological and cognitive measures to examine this phenomenon in opera performance. Cardiac activity data were collected from 24 opera trainees during a resting-state period before and during a real-life performance. Heart-rate variability (HRV) was used as an indicator of physiological stress, such that higher HRV indicates lower stress. Standardized neuropsychological tests were used to measure attention (IVA-2), memory (CVLT-3, WMS-IV), and executive function (Trail Making Test). Results showed cognitive function- and state-specific relationships between HRV and cognitive function: HRV during the resting state had a positive correlation with attention, while HRV during a performance had a positive correlation with executive function. These results suggest that greater cognitive function is related to lower stress during opera performance. The findings of this study provide initial evidence for a relationship between cognitive functions and music performance stress in opera trainees., (© The Author(s) 2023.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. School-Located Vaccine Clinics: An Effective Strategy for Expanding Access to COVID-19 Vaccines in Los Angeles County.
- Author
-
Biederman CF, Pham MA, Jimoh L, Aguinaldo JL, Ramirez S, Alabadi-Bierman A, and Yeganeh N
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, COVID-19 Vaccines, Los Angeles epidemiology, Schools, Vaccination, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control, Vaccines
- Abstract
A key component of decreasing severe disease, hospitalizations, and death due to COVID-19 has been increasing vaccine accessibility to residents in communities where access to health care is poor and residents are at increased risk of poor health outcomes. Driven by the expansive geography and diverse population it serves, the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health built an extensive school vaccination network by partnering with the county's roughly 3000 schools and vaccine providers. We report on the process of building this network and its impact on vaccination coverage. We describe a unique equity metric (HPI+) that used a combination of the Healthy Places Index (HPI) and COVID-19 transmission and vaccination data to prioritize school-located vaccination efforts. More than 328 991 doses of COVID-19 vaccine were administered at 1050 schools in Los Angeles County from April 15, 2021, through June 18, 2022. Nearly 10% of all doses administered to children aged 5-11 years in Los Angeles County were at school-located vaccine clinics. Most vaccine clinic days (77.3%) were held at schools in HPI+ zip codes. Most doses (68.3%) were administered in HPI+ regions and to people aged ≥12 years (70.3%). Vaccinating the community at schools is an effective public health intervention; however, increased outreach efforts were required in HPI+ regions to ensure equitable access to vaccines. This case study can be used to replicate public health interventions using schools to support access to health care services for students and the surrounding community., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Countering Mpox Vaccination Disparities in Los Angeles County, California, May-December 2022.
- Author
-
Brihn A, Yeganeh N, Kulkarni S, Moir O, Madrid S, Perez M, Singhal R, and Kim AA
- Subjects
- Humans, Los Angeles epidemiology, Ethnicity, Vaccination, Smallpox Vaccine, Mpox (monkeypox)
- Abstract
Providing equitable access to vaccines for individuals at risk for mpox was critical for containing the 2022 mpox outbreak in Los Angeles County, California. Eligible non-Hispanic Black/African American and Latinx individuals had lower vaccine uptake than did non-Hispanic White individuals, despite having higher mpox case rates. Strategies to address disparities in vaccine uptake included using familiar messaging technology to reach individuals at risk for mpox, using partnerships with community-based organizations to raise mpox awareness, and bringing vaccines to locations convenient to at-risk individuals to improve access. ( Am J Public Health. 2023;113(12):1258-1262. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307409).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Resting-state brain connectivity correlates of musical sophistication.
- Author
-
Cui AX, Kraeutner SN, Motamed Yeganeh N, Hermiston N, Werker JF, and Boyd LA
- Abstract
Introduction: A growing body of research has investigated how performing arts training, and more specifically, music training, impacts the brain. Recent meta-analytic work has identified multiple brain areas where activity varies as a function of levels of musical expertise gained through music training. However, research has also shown that musical sophistication may be high even without music training. Thus, we aim to extend previous work by investigating whether the functional connectivity of these areas relates to interindividual differences in musical sophistication, and to characterize differences in connectivity attributed to performing arts training., Methods: We analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from n = 74 participants, of whom 37 received performing arts training, that is, including a musical instrument, singing, and/or acting, at university level. We used a validated, continuous measure of musical sophistication to further characterize our sample. Following standard pre-processing, fifteen brain areas were identified a priori based on meta-analytic work and used as seeds in separate seed-to-voxel analyses to examine the effect of musical sophistication across the sample, and between-group analyses to examine the effects of performing arts training., Results: Connectivity of bilateral superior temporal gyrus, bilateral precentral gyrus and cerebellum, and bilateral putamen, left insula, and left thalamus varied with different aspects of musical sophistication. By including these measures of these aspects as covariates in post hoc analyses, we found that connectivity of the right superior temporal gyrus and left precentral gyrus relate to effects of performing arts training beyond effects of individual musical sophistication., Discussion: Our results highlight the potential role of sensory areas in active engagement with music, the potential role of motor areas in emotion processing, and the potential role of connectivity between putamen and lingual gyrus in general musical sophistication., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Cui, Kraeutner, Motamed Yeganeh, Hermiston, Werker and Boyd.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Interpersonal Attachment Styles and Body Dysmorphic Symptoms in Adolescent Girls: The Mediating Role of Body Image.
- Author
-
Heshmati R, Pellerone M, Esfandi MRN, Yeganeh N, and Jafari E
- Abstract
Objective: Body dysmorphic symptoms are one of the most common problems in adolescent girls. The experience of security or insecurity in childhood attachment can be one of the most important fundamental factors affecting the body image and, consequently, body dysmorphic symptoms. However, the mediator role of the body image in the relationship between body dysmorphic and interpersonal attachment styles has not been studied in previous researches. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of body image in the relationship between interpersonal attachment styles and body dysmorphic symptoms., Method: In a cross-sectional research, 250 adolescent girls from Baqer al-Uloom School in Tabriz, were selected by convenient sampling method. Then, The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS), Body Dysmorphic Metacognitive Questionnaire (BDMCQ) and Collins and Reid's Attachment Styles Scale (RAAS) were used to data collection., Results: The findings showed ambivalent attachment style was positively related to body image (β=-0.91, p<0.01) The direct effect of ambivalent attachment style on body dysmorphic symptom is significant (β=0.76, p<0.01). The pathway between body image and body dysmorphic symptom is negatively significant (β= -0.75, p<0.01). Also, the hypothesized model has an acceptable goodness-of-fit., Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be said that in interventions, it is necessary to pay attention to the important role of interpersonal attachment styles and body image in body dysmorphic symptoms., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None., (© 2023 Giovanni Fioriti Editore s.r.l.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Symbol relations training improves cognitive functioning in students with neurodevelopmental disorders.
- Author
-
Motamed Yeganeh N, King R, Boyd LA, Rose GM, and Weber RC
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Cognition, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Students, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity psychology, Autism Spectrum Disorder complications, Neurodevelopmental Disorders complications
- Abstract
Students with neurodevelopmental disorders [Specific Learning Disorders (SLD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)] often experience learning challenges due to underlying weaknesses in cognitive processes. As these are some of the most common conditions to impact functioning, the development of effective treatments is a priority for neuropsychologists. However, the task of designing effective cognitive interventions has proven one of the most difficult challenges for our field. The Arrowsmith Program uses a novel approach compared to other cognitive intervention programs. We hypothesized that intensive practice of one aspect of this program would lead to improved cognitive functions in students with neurodevelopmental disorders. Twenty-seven students with neurodevelopmental disorders (ages 9.4-18.4 years) were recruited from Arrowsmith schools. Cognitive baseline and post-intervention data were gathered using components of the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities. The intervention consisted of 6 weeks of intensive practice of the Symbol Relations Task. W-scores were used in a paired sample t -test analysis to determine if cognitive skill improvement occurred. Significant improvements were found in several measures of neuropsychological assessment, in particular in the Cattell-Horn-Carroll broad abilities These results provide a foundation for further work examining the utility of this novel approach to cognitive intervention.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Adverse Neonatal Outcomes Associated With Maternal Sexually Transmitted Infections From a Public Health Clinic Cohort in Southern Brazil.
- Author
-
Dong HV, Leng M, Kreitchmann R, Klausner JD, Nielsen-Saines K, and Yeganeh N
- Subjects
- Brazil epidemiology, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Public Health, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious diagnosis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases complications, Sexually Transmitted Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Pregnant women at public medical centers in Porto Alegre, Brazil, were recruited for a study on screening and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). STIs were detected in 79 (23%) of 350 pregnant women and were found to be associated with infant low birth weight (adjusted odds ratio 5.8; 95% confidence interval 1.9-18)., (Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 2022.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Effectiveness of Cue-Exposure Therapy on Alcohol Craving in Virtual Environment: Based on habit loop.
- Author
-
Karimpour Vazifehkhorani A, Attaran A, Karimi Saraskandrud A, Faghih H, and Yeganeh N
- Abstract
Background: In the treatment and abstinence of alcoholism, especially in abstinence after treatment, "Craving" has an essential role. Thus, our aim was to examine the effect of cue-exposure therapy on alcohol craving in virtual environment based on the habit loop., Methods: The present investigation was a case-control experimental study with a pretest-posttest-5 weeks follow-up design. Research population were alcohol-addicted people hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital. We had 62 subjects who had abstained from alcohol consumption. The sampling method was convenience sampling and the sample allocation was randomized and matched. The intervention was VR-CET that was implemented in eight sessions. Penn Alcohol Craving Scale, Alcohol Urge Questionnaire, and Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale were used to collect the data. In order to analyze the data, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS V.23 was performed., Findings: Our results showed that after implementation of VR-CET program the rate of PACS reduced significantly in posttest stage (p = 0.01) and follow up stage (p= 0.05). Also, the rate of AUQ and OCDS after exposure to VR-CET program declined significantly. The significant level of AUQ and OCDS in posttest and follow up stages were set at p- value < 0.01 and p-value <0.05 respectively., Conclusion: VR-CET program can reduce alcohol craving by paying attention to various cues and contexts. In fact, it would be more beneficial if the treatment environment resembles a conditioned context and contains as many related cues as possible., (© 2022 Kerman University of Medical Sciences.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Efficacy of Disease Modifying Therapies in Progressive MS and How Immune Senescence May Explain Their Failure.
- Author
-
Manouchehri N, Salinas VH, Rabi Yeganeh N, Pitt D, Hussain RZ, and Stuve O
- Abstract
The advent of disease modifying therapies (DMT) in the past two decades has been the cornerstone of successful clinical management of multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite the great strides made in reducing the relapse frequency and occurrence of new signal changes on neuroimaging in patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) by approved DMT, it has been challenging to demonstrate their effectiveness in non-active secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and primary progressive MS (PPMS) disease phenotypes. The dichotomy of DMT effectiveness between RRMS and progressive MS informs on distinct pathogeneses of the different MS phenotypes. Conversely, factors that render patients with progressive MS resistant to therapy are not understood. Thus far, age has emerged as the main correlate of the transition from RRMS to SPMS. Whether it is aging and age-related factors or the underlying immune senescence that qualitatively alter immune responses as the disease transitions to SPMS, that diminish DMT effectiveness, or both, is currently not known. Here, we will discuss the role of immune senescence on different arms of the immune system, and how it may explain relative DMT resistance., Competing Interests: OS serves on the editorial boards of Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders, has served on data monitoring committees for Genentech-Roche, Pfizer, Novartis, and TG Therapeutics without monetary compensation, has advised EMD Serono, Celgene, Genentech, Genzyme, TG Therapeutics, and VYNE, receives grant support from EMD Serono and Exalys, was a 2021 recipient of a Grant for Multiple Sclerosis Innovation (GMSI), Merck KGaA, and was funded by a Merit Review grant (federal award document number (FAIN) BX005664-01 from the United States (U.S.) Department of Veterans Affairs, Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development). The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Manouchehri, Salinas, Rabi Yeganeh, Pitt, Hussain and Stuve.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections in male partners of pregnant women in Brazil.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Kreitchmann R, Leng M, Nielsen-Saines K, Gorbach PM, and Klausner JD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brazil, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pregnancy, Pregnant Women, Prevalence, Young Adult, Chlamydia Infections diagnosis, Chlamydia Infections drug therapy, Chlamydia Infections epidemiology, Gonorrhea diagnosis, Gonorrhea drug therapy, Gonorrhea epidemiology, HIV Infections, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious diagnosis, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious drug therapy, Sexually Transmitted Diseases diagnosis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases drug therapy, Sexually Transmitted Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can adversely affect a woman's pregnancy and the health of the developing fetus. The source of these infections may be the male sexual partner who remains under-diagnosed and un-treated due to a combination of lack of symptoms, decreased access to health care, and poor health-seeking behaviors. From September 2018 to November 2019, we offered a cohort of pregnant women (gestational age range: 4.6-41 weeks) clinic-based STI testing for HIV and syphilis (via lateral flow assay rapid tests) and for Neisseria (N.) gonorrhoeae , Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis , and Trichomonas (T.) vaginalis (via PCR-based testing) at Santa Casa Hospital and 10 affiliated prenatal clinics in Porto Alegre, Brazil. 400 women between the ages of 18 and 46 years (mean age: 27 years) enrolled and 24% were diagnosed with an STI. Each woman enrolled agreed to invite their male partners to clinic for the same panel of STI testing, and 255 men (64%) between the ages of 18 and 64 years (mean age: 29 years) attended clinic and all accepted full intervention. In these male partners, 40 (16%) were diagnosed with an STI including 22 (8.7%) testing positive for C. trachomatis , 15 (6%) for treponemal antibody (syphilis), 7 (2.8%) for T. vaginalis , 3 (1.2%) for N. gonorrhoeae , and 1 (0.4%) for HIV antibody. In our multivariate analysis, having symptoms of an STI (AOR 4.5, 95% CI 1.3-15.2) and arguing about jealousy (AOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.2-8.2) remained significantly associated with male diagnosis of an STI. Sexually transmitted infections are common in sexual partners of pregnant women in Brazil and should be addressed to prevent reinfection of pregnant women.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Pediatric Household Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus-2 Infection-Los Angeles County, December 2020 to February 2021.
- Author
-
Liu PY, Gragnani CM, Timmerman J, Newhouse CN, Soto G, Lopez L, Spronz R, Mhaskar A, Yeganeh N, Fernandes P, and Kuo AA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Family Characteristics, Female, Hand Hygiene methods, Humans, Los Angeles, Male, Masks, Prospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, Social Isolation, COVID-19 transmission, Respiratory Tract Infections transmission
- Abstract
This brief report presents transmission rates from a prospective study of 15 households with pediatric index cases of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 in Los Angeles County from December 2020 to February 2021. Our findings support ongoing evidence that transmission from pediatric index cases to household contacts is frequent but can be mitigated with practicing well-documented control measures at home, including isolation, masking and good hand hygiene., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Intestinal mucormycosis initially identified by next-generation sequencing of cell-free DNA.
- Author
-
Martin-Blais R, Pathak S, Fitzwater S, Dawson DW, Sisk AE, Farmer DG, Venick R, and Yeganeh N
- Subjects
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Cell-Free Nucleic Acids, Mucormycosis diagnosis, Mucormycosis drug therapy
- Abstract
Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection that typically affects severely immunocompromised individuals, often resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Although early and aggressive intervention is necessary to prevent poor outcomes, diagnosis of this infection remains difficult. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of invasive gastrointestinal mucormycosis initially identified by next-generation sequencing of cfDNA from the blood, and discuss the various benefits and challenges which come with new molecular diagnostic techniques., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Diagnostic Performance of an Antigen Test with RT-PCR for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a Hospital Setting - Los Angeles County, California, June-August 2020.
- Author
-
Brihn A, Chang J, OYong K, Balter S, Terashita D, Rubin Z, and Yeganeh N
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control, Cross Infection prevention & control, Female, Hospitals, Humans, Los Angeles epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Young Adult, Antigens, Viral analysis, COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing methods, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification
- Abstract
Prompt and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has been important during public health responses for containing the spread of COVID-19, including in hospital settings (1-3). In vitro diagnostic nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT), such as real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) can be expensive, have relatively long turnaround times, and require experienced laboratory personnel.* Antigen detection tests can be rapidly and more easily performed and are less expensive. The performance
† of antigen detection tests, compared with that of NAATs, is an area of interest for the rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The Quidel Sofia 2 SARS Antigen Fluorescent Immunoassay (FIA) (Quidel Corporation) received Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization for use in symptomatic patients within 5 days of symptom onset (4). The reported test positive percentage agreement§ between this test and an RT-PCR test result is 96.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 83.3%-99.4%), and the negative percentage agreement is 100.0% (95% CI = 97.9%-100.0%) in symptomatic patients.¶ However, performance in asymptomatic persons in a university setting has shown lower sensitivity (5); assessment of performance in a clinical setting is ongoing. Data collected during June 30-August 31, 2020, were analyzed to compare antigen test performance with that of RT-PCR in a hospital setting. Among 1,732 paired samples from asymptomatic patients, the antigen test sensitivity was 60.5%, and specificity was 99.5% when compared with RT-PCR. Among 307 symptomatic persons, sensitivity and specificity were 72.1% and 98.7%, respectively. Health care providers must remain aware of the lower sensitivity of this test among asymptomatic and symptomatic persons and consider confirmatory NAAT testing in high-prevalence settings because a false-negative result might lead to failures in infection control and prevention practices and cause delays in diagnosis, isolation, and treatment., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnant Women Living in Southern Brazil.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Kreitchmann R, Leng M, Nielsen-Saines K, Gorbach PM, and Klausner J
- Subjects
- Brazil epidemiology, Chlamydia trachomatis, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pregnancy, Pregnant Women, Prevalence, Chlamydia Infections diagnosis, Chlamydia Infections epidemiology, Gonorrhea diagnosis, Gonorrhea epidemiology, HIV Infections diagnosis, HIV Infections epidemiology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases diagnosis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Porto Alegre, Brazil, has the highest rates of congenital syphilis and HIV in the country. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms., Methods: Between September 2018 and November 2019, we offered all pregnant women clinic-based STI testing for HIV antibody and treponemal antibody (via lateral flow assay rapid tests provided by the Brazilian Government) and for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis (via polymerase chain reaction-based testing provided by Gene Xpert, Sunnyvale, CA) in 10 public prenatal health clinics in Porto Alegre. Participating women answered a brief survey via audio computer-assisted survey instrument regarding demographics, partnerships, and sexual behaviors. All infected individuals received appropriate treatment and referrals., Results: Of 400 pregnant women recruited, 94 (24%) were diagnosed with an STI, including 2% with HIV, 11% with syphilis, 9% with chlamydia, 1% with gonorrhea, 5% with trichomoniasis, and 3% with more than 1 STI. In our multivariate analysis, younger age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1-1.2), being non-White (AOR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-3.1), having less education (AOR, 2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.4), and having a relationship <1 year (AOR, 2; 95% CI, 1.1-3.6) were all independent predictors of women having an STI. Endorsing symptoms of an STI (e.g., vaginal ulcers/lesions and vaginal discharge) was not predictive of having a laboratory-diagnosed STI (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.7-1.7)., Conclusions: Etiologic-based screening for STIs was uniformly accepted by women attending both hospital-based and primary health clinics in the south of Brazil and can result in appropriate treatment of pregnant women., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest and Sources of Funding: None declared., (Copyright © 2020 American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review of the Global Research Gaps, Challenges, and Opportunities.
- Author
-
Grant JS, Chico RM, Lee AC, Low N, Medina-Marino A, Molina RL, Morroni C, Ramogola-Masire D, Stafylis C, Tang W, Vallely AJ, Wynn A, Yeganeh N, and Klausner JD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Chlamydia trachomatis, Female, Gonorrhea prevention & control, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections prevention & control, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pregnancy, Premature Birth epidemiology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases diagnosis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases drug therapy, Sexually Transmitted Diseases epidemiology, Trichomonas Vaginitis prevention & control, Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia Infections prevention & control, Gonorrhea epidemiology, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnant Women, Premature Birth microbiology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases prevention & control, Trichomonas Vaginitis epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STI), such as chlamydial, gonorrheal, and trichomonal infections, are prevalent in pregnant women in many countries and are widely reported to be associated with increased risk of poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Syndromic STI management is frequently used in pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries, yet its low specificity and sensitivity lead to both overtreatment and undertreatment. Etiologic screening for chlamydial, gonorrheal, and/or trichomonal infection in all pregnant women combined with targeted treatment might be an effective intervention. However, the evidence base is insufficient to support the development of global recommendations. We aimed to describe key considerations and knowledge gaps regarding chlamydial, gonorrheal, and trichomonal screening during pregnancy to inform future research needed for developing guidelines for low- and middle-income countries., Methods: We conducted a narrative review based on PubMed and clinical trials registry searches through January 20, 2020, guidelines review, and expert opinion. We summarized our findings using the frameworks adopted by the World Health Organization for guideline development., Results: Adverse maternal-child health outcomes of potential interest are wide-ranging and variably defined. No completed randomized controlled trials on etiologic screening and targeted treatment were identified. Evidence from observational studies was limited, and trials of presumptive STI treatment have shown mixed results. Subgroups that might benefit from specific recommendations were identified. Evidence on harms was limited. Cost-effectiveness was influenced by STI prevalence and availability of testing infrastructure and high-accuracy/low-cost tests. Preliminary data suggested high patient acceptability., Discussion: Preliminary data on harms, acceptability, and feasibility and the availability of emerging test technologies suggest that etiologic STI screening deserves further evaluation as a potential tool to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes worldwide.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. A multicenter study to define the epidemiology and outcomes of Clostridioides difficile infection in pediatric hematopoietic cell and solid organ transplant recipients.
- Author
-
Mayer EF, Maron G, Dallas RH, Ferrolino J, Tang L, Sun Y, Danziger-Isakov L, Paulsen GC, Fisher BT, Vora SB, Englund J, Steinbach WJ, Michaels M, Green M, Yeganeh N, Gibson JE, Dominguez SR, Nicholson MR, Dulek DE, Ardura MI, Rajan S, Gonzalez BE, Beneri C, and Herold BC
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Case-Control Studies, Child, Clostridioides, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Transplant Recipients, Clostridioides difficile, Clostridium Infections drug therapy, Clostridium Infections epidemiology, Clostridium Infections etiology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects, Organ Transplantation adverse effects
- Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at increased risk for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). We conducted a multicenter retrospective study to describe the incidence of CDI in children transplanted between January 2010 and June 2013. Nested case-control substudies, matched 1:1 by transplant type, institution, patient age, and time of year (quartile) of transplant, identified CDI risk factors. Cohorts included 1496 HCT and 1090 SOT recipients. Among HCT recipients, 355 CDI episodes were diagnosed in 265 recipients (18.2%). Nested case-control study identified prior history of CDI (odds ratio [OR] 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-4.7), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs; OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4), and exposure to third- (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4-4.2) or fourth-generation (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.7) cephalosporins as risk factors. Notably, fluoroquinolone exposure appeared protective (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-0.9). Ninety-two episodes of CDI were diagnosed among 79 SOT recipients (7.3%), and exposure to PPIs (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.4) and third-generation cephalosporin therapy (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.4-10.5) were identified as risk factors. Strategies to decrease PPI use and changes in the class of prophylactic antibiotics may impact CDI incidence and warrant further study., (© 2020 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Challenges and motivators for male partner involvement in prenatal care for HIV testing in a tertiary setting in Brazil.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Kerin T, Simon M, Nielsen-Saines K, Klausner JD, Santos B, Melo M, Fitter S, and Gorbach PM
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil, Case-Control Studies, Female, HIV Infections diagnosis, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Mass Screening methods, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious prevention & control, Qualitative Research, Sexually Transmitted Diseases diagnosis, HIV Infections prevention & control, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Mass Screening statistics & numerical data, Prenatal Care methods, Sexual Partners, Sexually Transmitted Diseases prevention & control
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Infectious Morbidity, Mortality and Nutrition in HIV-exposed, Uninfected, Formula-fed Infants: Results From the HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 Trial.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Watts DH, Xu J, Kerin T, Joao EC, Pilotto JH, Theron G, Gray G, Santos B, Fonseca R, Kreitchmann R, Pinto J, Mussi-Pinhata MM, Veloso V, Camarca M, Mofenson L, Moye J, and Nielsen-Saines K
- Subjects
- Brazil epidemiology, Cause of Death, Female, Follow-Up Studies, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections mortality, Humans, Infant, Infant Formula, Male, Malnutrition epidemiology, Malnutrition etiology, Nutritional Status, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious drug therapy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious mortality, Risk Factors, South Africa epidemiology, Viral Load, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections complications, Infant Mortality, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants are a growing population with potentially poor health outcomes. We evaluated morbidity and mortality in HEU formula-fed infants enrolled in the NICHD HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 trial., Methods: Infectious morbidity, mortality and undernutrition were evaluated within a cohort of 1000 HEU infants enrolled between April 2004 and April 2010 in Brazil (n = 766) and South Africa (n = 234) as part of the NICHD/HPTN 040 trial of 3 different antiretroviral regimens to decrease intrapartum HIV vertical transmission., Results: Twenty-three percent of infants had at least 1 infectious serious adverse effect. Infants born to mothers with <12 years of education [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5.9), with maternal viral load of >1,000,000 copies/mL at delivery (AOR, 9.9; 95% CI, 1.6-63.1) were more likely to have infectious serious adverse effects. At 6 months, the infant mortality rate per 1000 live births overall was 22 ± 2.6, 9.1 ± 1.8 in Brazil and 64.1 ± 3 in South Africa. Undernutrition and stunting peaked at 1 month of age with 18% having a weight-for-age Z score ≤-2, and 22% with height for Z score ≤-2. The likelihood of infant mortality was greater among infants born in South Africa compared with Brazil (AOR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5-15.8), high maternal viral load (AOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.01-2.9) and birth weight-for-age Z score ≤-2 (AOR, 5.2; 95% CI, 1.8-14.8)., Conclusions: There were high rates of undernutrition, stunting and infectious serious adverse effect in this study's formula-fed HEU population. Suppressing maternal HIV viral load during the peripartum period may be a modifiable risk factor to decrease infant mortality.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antiretroviral Resistance and Transmission in Mother-Infant Pairs Enrolled in a Large Perinatal Study.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Kerin T, Ank B, Watts DH, Camarca M, Joao EC, Pilotto JH, Veloso VG, Bryson Y, Gray G, Theron G, Dickover R, Morgado MG, Santos B, Kreitchmann R, Mofenson L, and Nielsen-Saines K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents classification, Female, HIV Infections transmission, HIV-1 genetics, Humans, Infant, Mutation, Pregnancy, Young Adult, Anti-HIV Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral, HIV Infections virology, HIV-1 drug effects, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
- Abstract
Background: The presence of antiretroviral drug-associated resistance mutations (DRMs) may be particularly problematic in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women as it can lead to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of resistant HIV strains. This study evaluated the prevalence and the effect of antiretroviral DRMs in previously untreated mother-infant pairs., Methods: A case-control design of 1:4 (1 transmitter to 4 nontransmitters) was utilized to evaluate DRMs as a predictor of HIV MTCT in specimens obtained from mother-infant pairs. ViroSeq HIV-1 genotyping was performed on mother-infant specimens to assess for clinically relevant DRMs., Results: One hundred forty infants acquired HIV infection; of these, 123 mother-infant pairs (88%) had specimens successfully amplified using ViroSeq and assessed for drug resistance genotyping. Additionally, 483 of 560 (86%) women who did not transmit HIV to infants also had samples evaluated for DRMs. Sixty-three of 606 (10%) women had clinically relevant DRMs; 12 (2%) had DRMs against >1 drug class. Among 123 HIV-infected infants, 13 (11%) had clinically relevant DRMs, with 3 (2%) harboring DRMs against >1 drug class. In univariate and multivariate analyses, DRMs in mothers were not associated with increased HIV MTCT (adjusted odds ratio, 0.8 [95% confidence interval, .4-1.5]). Presence of DRMs in transmitting mothers was strongly associated with DRM presence in their infants (P < .001)., Conclusions: Preexisting DRMs were common in untreated HIV-infected pregnant women, but did not increase the risk of HIV MTCT. However, if women with DRMs are not virologically suppressed, they may transmit resistant mutations, thus complicating infant management.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Combined evaluation of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected pregnant women and infant HIV transmission.
- Author
-
Adachi K, Xu J, Yeganeh N, Camarca M, Morgado MG, Watts DH, Mofenson LM, Veloso VG, Pilotto JH, Joao E, Gray G, Theron G, Santos B, Fonseca R, Kreitchmann R, Pinto J, Mussi-Pinhata MM, Ceriotto M, Machado DM, Bryson YJ, Grinsztejn B, Moye J, Klausner JD, Bristow CC, Dickover R, Mirochnick M, and Nielsen-Saines K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Chlamydia Infections complications, Chlamydia trachomatis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Gonorrhea complications, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Syphilis complications, Young Adult, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections transmission, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Sexually Transmitted Diseases complications
- Abstract
Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Treponema pallidum (TP), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) may lead to adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes. The role of combined maternal STIs in HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) was evaluated in mother-infant pairs from NICHD HPTN 040., Methodology: Urine samples from HIV-infected pregnant women during labor were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for CT, NG, and CMV. Infant HIV infection was determined by serial HIV DNA PCR testing. Maternal syphilis was tested by VDRL and confirmatory treponemal antibodies., Results: A total of 899 mother-infant pairs were evaluated. Over 30% had at least one of the following infections (TP, CT, NG, and/or CMV) detected at the time of delivery. High rates of TP (8.7%), CT (17.8%), NG (4%), and CMV (6.3%) were observed. HIV MTCT was 9.1% (n = 82 infants). HIV MTCT was 12.5%, 10.3%, 11.1%, and 26.3% among infants born to women with CT, TP, NG or CMV respectively. Forty-two percent of HIV-infected infants were born to women with at least one of these 4 infections. Women with these infections were nearly twice as likely to have an HIV-infected infant (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.0), particularly those with 2 STIs (aOR 3.4, 95% CI 1.5-7.7). Individually, maternal CMV (aOR 4.4 1.5-13.0) and infant congenital CMV (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.2-7.8) but not other STIs (TP, CT, or NG) were associated with an increased risk of HIV MTCT., Conclusion: HIV-infected pregnant women identified during labor are at high risk for STIs. Co-infection with STIs including CMV nearly doubles HIV MTCT risk. CMV infection appears to confer the largest risk of HIV MTCT., Trial Registration: NCT00099359.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Unique Case of Disseminated Plague With Multifocal Osteomyelitis.
- Author
-
Tovar Padua L, Kamali A, Kim H, Green NM, Civen R, Schwartz B, Krogstad P, Deville J, Yeganeh N, Lugo D, Baker A, Soni P, Cho C, Svircic N, Dry S, Seeger L, Lloyd J, Deukmedjian G, Bowen R, Hale G, Zaki SR, Mead P, and Nielsen-Saines K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Biopsy, Humans, Los Angeles, Male, Osteomyelitis pathology, Plague pathology, Sepsis microbiology, Sepsis pathology, Tibia pathology, Osteomyelitis etiology, Plague complications
- Abstract
Plague is a disease caused by Yersinia pestis. Septicemic and pneumonic plague have a high mortality rate if untreated. Here we describe the challenges of accurately diagnosing a nonfatal pediatric case of septicemic plague with involvement of multiple organs; to our knowledge, the first documented case of multifocal plague osteomyelitis., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Barriers and facilitators for men to attend prenatal care and obtain HIV voluntary counseling and testing in Brazil.
- Author
-
Yeganeh N, Simon M, Mindry D, Nielsen-Saines K, Chaves MC, Santos B, Melo M, Mendoza B, and Gorbach P
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brazil, Counseling methods, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Male, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious prevention & control, Young Adult, HIV Infections prevention & control, Mass Screening psychology, Men psychology, Patient Acceptance of Health Care psychology, Prenatal Care psychology, Sexual Partners psychology
- Abstract
Background: Providing HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) to men who attend their partner's prenatal care is an intervention with potential to reduce HIV transmission to women and infants during the vulnerable period of pregnancy. Little is known about the acceptability of this intervention in global settings outside of Africa., Methods: We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews to evaluate potential barriers and facilitators to prenatal care attendance for HIV VCT with 20 men who did and 15 men who did not attend prenatal care with their partners at Hospital Conceiçao in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Men were recruited at the labor and delivery unit at Hospital Conceiçao via a scripted invitation while visiting their newborn infant. Interviews lasted from 35-55 minutes and were conducted in Portuguese by a local resident trained extensively in qualitative methods. All interviews were transcribed verbatim, translated, and then analyzed using Atlast.ti software. An analysis of themes was then conducted using direct quotes and statements. We applied and adapted the AIDS Risk Reduction Theoretical Model and HIV Testing Decisions Model to the qualitative data to identify themes in the 35 interviews., Results: If offered HIV testing during prenatal care, all men in both groups stated they would accept this intervention. Yet, individual, relationship and systemic factors were identified that affect these Brazilian men's decision to attend prenatal care, informing our final conceptual model. The men interviewed had a general understanding of the value of HIV prevention of mother to child transmission. They also described open and communicative relationships with their significant others and displayed a high level of enthusiasm towards optimizing the health of their expanding family. The major barriers to attending prenatal care included perceived stigma against HIV infected individuals, men's lack of involvement in planning of the pregnancy as well as inconvenient scheduling of prenatal care, due to conflicting work schedules., Conclusions: Brazilian men displayed high levels of HIV-related knowledge as well as open communication about HIV testing; especially when compared to findings from African studies. Future efforts should reorient prenatal care towards providing care to the entire family with a clear focus on protecting the infant from preventable diseases. Formally inviting men to prenatal care and providing them an acceptable medical excuse from work may enhance male involvement.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Evaluation of the Etiologies of Implant Fracture in Patients With Fractures of the Implants of Lower Limbs' Long Bones.
- Author
-
Yeganeh A, Otoukesh B, Kaghazian P, Yeganeh N, Boddohi B, and Moghtadaei M
- Subjects
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Femoral Fractures surgery, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Femoral Fractures etiology, Fracture Fixation, Internal adverse effects, Internal Fixators adverse effects, Prosthesis Failure etiology
- Abstract
Background: Orthopedics implants are important tools for treatment of bone fractures. Despite available recommendations for designing and making the implants, there are multiple cases of fracture of these implants in the body. Hence, in this study the frequency of failure of implants in long bones of lower extremities was evaluated., Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional study, two types of fractured implants in the body were analyzed and underwent metalogical, mechanical, and modeling and stress-bending analysis., Results: The results revealed that the main cause of fractures was decreased mechanical resistance due to inappropriate chemical composition (especially decreased percentages of Nickel and Molybdenum)., Conclusions: It may be concluded that following the standard chemical composition and use of optimal making method are the most important works for prevention of failure of implants.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. High rates of baseline antiretroviral resistance among HIV-infected pregnant women in an HIV referral centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Author
-
de Lourdes Teixeira M, Nafea S, Yeganeh N, Santos E, Gouvea MI, Joao E, Ceci L, Bressan C, Cruz ML, Sidi LC, and Nielsen-Saines K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Brazil epidemiology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Genes, Viral genetics, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV-1 isolation & purification, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Logistic Models, Multivariate Analysis, Mutation, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious drug therapy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious virology, Prevalence, Viral Load drug effects, Young Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV-1 drug effects, HIV-1 genetics, RNA, Viral genetics
- Abstract
In order to understand antiretroviral resistance during pregnancy and its impact on HIV vertical transmission, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of 231 HIV-infected pregnant women who fulfilled Brazilian guidelines for antiretroviral testing and had antiretroviral genotypic testing performed between April 2010 and October 2012. At entry into prenatal care, the mean CD4 cell count for this cohort of patients was 406 cells/mm(3) (95% CI: 373-438 cells/mm(3)), while the mean HIV RNA was 24,394 copies/ml (95% CI: 18,275-30,513 copies/ml). Thirty-six women (16%) had detectable antiretroviral-resistant mutations. By 34 weeks gestation, 75% had achieved HIV RNA <400 copies/ml. Our logistic regression model showed the odds of harbouring antiretroviral-resistant virus with a baseline CD4 cell count of <200 cells/mm(3) was eight times that of subjects with CD4 cell counts >500 CD4 cells/mm(3) (95% CI 1.5-42.73). Six infants were HIV infected, four born to mothers with detectable viraemia at 34 weeks and two born to mothers who were lost to follow up. Antiretroviral resistance is common in prenatal care but did not increase vertical transmission if viral load was appropriately suppressed. Genotyping should be considered in Brazil in order to assist initiation of appropriate combination antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy to suppress viral load to avoid vertical transmission., (© The Author(s) 2015.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Risk Factors Associated With Infant Deaths From Pertussis: A Case-Control Study.
- Author
-
Winter K, Zipprich J, Harriman K, Murray EL, Gornbein J, Hammer SJ, Yeganeh N, Adachi K, and Cherry JD
- Subjects
- Adult, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Leukocytosis, Lymphocytosis, Male, Pneumonia, Risk Factors, Whooping Cough epidemiology, Young Adult, Whooping Cough complications, Whooping Cough mortality
- Abstract
Background: In the current era, most pertussis deaths occur in infants <3 months of age. Leukocytosis with lymphocytosis and pneumonia are commonly observed among cases of severe pertussis., Methods: Risk factors associated with fatal pertussis were identified by comparing fatal pertussis cases among patients <120 days of age occurring from 1 January 1998 through 26 December 2014, matched by age (<120 days), county of residence, and closest symptom onset date with 1-4 nonfatal hospitalized cases. California Department of Public Health surveillance data were reviewed to identify cases; demographics, clinical presentation, and course were abstracted from corresponding birth and medical records. Logistic regression and classification tree analyses were used to examine the risk of fatal pertussis with respect to identified factors., Results: Fifty-three fatal infant pertussis cases were identified and compared with 183 nonfatal hospitalized pertussis cases. Fatal cases had significantly lower birth weight, younger gestational age, younger age at time of cough onset, and higher peak white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts. Fatal cases were less likely to have received macrolide antibiotics and more likely to have received steroids or nitric oxide and to develop pulmonary hypertension, seizures, encephalitis, and pneumonia. Additionally, exchange transfusion, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and intubation occurred significantly more frequently among fatal cases. In multivariate analyses, peak WBC count, birth weight, intubation, and receipt of nitric oxide were predictors of death., Conclusions: Early recognition of pertussis in young infants and treatment with appropriate antibiotic therapy are important in preventing death. Several risk factors are strongly associated with fatal pertussis in infants., (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.