Search

Your search keyword '"Yebra, Marta"' showing total 327 results
Start Over Author "Yebra, Marta"
327 results on '"Yebra, Marta"'

1. Tree species explain only half of explained spatial variability in plant water sensitivity

Author

Konings, Alexandra G, Rao, Krishna, McCormick, Erica L, Trugman, Anna T, Williams, A Park, Diffenbaugh, Noah S, Yebra, Marta, and Zhao, Meng

Subjects
Plant Biology, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Water, Trees, United States, Plant Transpiration, Forests, Species Specificity, inter-specific variability, intra-specific variability, live fuel moisture content, plant hydraulic traits, plant-water interactions, water stress, inter‐specific variability, intra‐specific variability, plant‐water interactions, Biological sciences, Earth sciences, Environmental sciences
Abstract

Spatiotemporal patterns of plant water uptake, loss, and storage exert a first-order control on photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. Many studies of plant responses to water stress have focused on differences between species because of their different stomatal closure, xylem conductance, and root traits. However, several other ecohydrological factors are also relevant, including soil hydraulics, topographically driven redistribution of water, plant adaptation to local climatic variations, and changes in vegetation density. Here, we seek to understand the relative importance of the dominant species for regional-scale variations in woody plant responses to water stress. We map plant water sensitivity (PWS) based on the response of remotely sensed live fuel moisture content to variations in hydrometeorology using an auto-regressive model. Live fuel moisture content dynamics are informative of PWS because they directly reflect vegetation water content and therefore patterns of plant water uptake and evapotranspiration. The PWS is studied using 21,455 wooded locations containing U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis plots across the western United States, where species cover is known and where a single species is locally dominant. Using a species-specific mean PWS value explains 23% of observed PWS variability. By contrast, a random forest driven by mean vegetation density, mean climate, soil properties, and topographic descriptors explains 43% of observed PWS variability. Thus, the dominant species explains only 53% (23% compared to 43%) of explainable variations in PWS. Mean climate and mean NDVI also exert significant influence on PWS. Our results suggest that studies of differences between species should explicitly consider the environments (climate, soil, topography) in which observations for each species are made, and whether those environments are representative of the entire species range.

Published
2024

2. A Survey on IoT Ground Sensing Systems for Early Wildfire Detection: Technologies, Challenges and Opportunities

Author

Chan, Chiu Chun, Alvi, Sheeraz A., Zhou, Xiangyun, Durrani, Salman, Wilson, Nicholas, and Yebra, Marta

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

The threat posed by wildfires or bushfires has become a severe global issue due to the increase in human activities in forested areas and the impact of climate change. Consequently, there is a surge in the development of automatic wildfire detection methods. Approaches based on long-distance imagery from satellites or watchtowers encounter limitations, such as restricted visibility, which results in delayed response times. To address and overcome these challenges, research interest has grown in the implementation of ground-based Internet of Things (IoT) sensing systems for early wildfire detection. However, research on energy consumption, detection latency, and detection accuracy of IoT sensing systems, as well as the performance of various anomaly detection algorithms when evaluated using these metrics, is lacking. Therefore, in this article, we present an overview of current IoT ground sensing systems for early wildfire detection. Camera and environmental sensing technologies suitable for early wildfire detection are discussed, as well as vision-based detection algorithms and detection algorithms for environmental sensing. Challenges related to the development and implementation of IoT ground sensing systems for early wildfire detection and the future research directions important for creating a robust detection system to combat the growing threat of wildfires worldwide are discussed.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Globe-LFMC 2.0, an enhanced and updated dataset for live fuel moisture content research.

Author

Yebra, Marta, Scortechini, Gianluca, Adeline, Karine, Aktepe, Nursema, Almoustafa, Turkia, Bar-Massada, Avi, Beget, María, Boer, Matthias, Bradstock, Ross, Brown, Tegan, Castro, Francesc, Chen, Rui, Chuvieco, Emilio, Danson, Mark, Değirmenci, Cihan, Delgado-Dávila, Ruth, Dennison, Philip, Di Bella, Carlos, Domenech, Oriol, Féret, Jean-Baptiste, Forsyth, Greg, Gabriel, Eva, Gagkas, Zisis, Gharbi, Fatma, Granda, Elena, Griebel, Anne, He, Binbin, Jolly, Matt, Kotzur, Ivan, Kraaij, Tineke, Kristina, Agnes, Kütküt, Pınar, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Martín, M, Monteiro, Antonio, Morais, Marco, Moreira, Bruno, Mouillot, Florent, Msweli, Samukelisiwe, Nolan, Rachael, Pellizzaro, Grazia, Qi, Yi, Quan, Xingwen, Resco de Dios, Victor, Roberts, Dar, Tavşanoğlu, Çağatay, Taylor, Andy, Taylor, Jackson, Tüfekcioğlu, İrem, Ventura, Andrea, and Younes Cardenas, Nicolas

Abstract

Globe-LFMC 2.0, an updated version of Globe-LFMC, is a comprehensive dataset of over 280,000 Live Fuel Moisture Content (LFMC) measurements. These measurements were gathered through field campaigns conducted in 15 countries spanning 47 years. In contrast to its prior version, Globe-LFMC 2.0 incorporates over 120,000 additional data entries, introduces more than 800 new sampling sites, and comprises LFMC values obtained from samples collected until the calendar year 2023. Each entry within the dataset provides essential information, including date, geographical coordinates, plant species, functional type, and, where available, topographical details. Moreover, the dataset encompasses insights into the sampling and weighing procedures, as well as information about land cover type and meteorological conditions at the time and location of each sampling event. Globe-LFMC 2.0 can facilitate advanced LFMC research, supporting studies on wildfire behaviour, physiological traits, ecological dynamics, and land surface modelling, whether remote sensing-based or otherwise. This dataset represents a valuable resource for researchers exploring the diverse LFMC aspects, contributing to the broader field of environmental and ecological research.

Published
2024

5. Towards an integrated hi-tech solution to detect small fires

Author

Yebra, Marta, Barnes, Nick, Bryant, Colleen, Cary, Geoffrey J, Durrani, Salman, Mahony, Robert, Palethorpe, Elise, Alvi, Sheeraz, Stocks, Matt, Stocks, Ryan, Tridgell, Andrew, Zhou, Xiangyun, and Wilson, Nicholas

Published
2022

6. Infrared Remote Sensing Using Low Noise Avalanche Photodiode Detector

Author

Mathew, Joice, Gilbert, James, Sharp, Robert, Grigoriev, Alexey, Cardena, Nicolas, and Yebra, Marta

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

For a remote sensing optical payload to achieve a Ground Sampling Distance of ~ 10-30 m, a critical problem is platform-induced motion blur. While forward motion compensation can reduce this transit speed, it comes at the expense of a more challenging satellite attitude control system and induces a variable observation/illumination angle. This relative motion can be frozen out by simply reading the sensor system at a frame rate that matches the ground resolution element's pixel crossing time. To achieve high resolution using this Time-Delay Integration (TDI)-like approach requires high speed and hence near "zero" readout noise detector arrays to avoid swamping the observed signal. This requires associated control electronics for fast frame readout and direct interface with smart- Artificial Intelligence (AI) onboard processing. With this technique, the platform freezes out its movement concerning the ground, reducing the demands placed on the attitude control systems, which can otherwise be difficult to implement on a small satellite platform. Here we report the Australian National University's OzFuel mission which applies this technical solution to deliver high ground resolution via high frame rate imaging. OzFuel is built around the Leonardo SAPHIRA Mercury Cadmium Telluride linear mode electron avalanche photodiode (LMeAPD) detector and the in-house developed Rosella electronics control system. The mission will deliver an integrated sensor system in a suite of Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) passbands dedicated to monitoring the flammability of Eucalypt trees. The OzFuel mission concept focuses on the application of SWIR remote sensing data to deliver a strategic evaluation of fuel loads and moisture content in the bushfire-prone Australian environment., Comment: 73rd International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Paris, France, September 2022

Published
2022

10. Plant-water sensitivity regulates wildfire vulnerability

Author

Rao, Krishna, Williams, A Park, Diffenbaugh, Noah S, Yebra, Marta, and Konings, Alexandra G

Subjects
Plant Biology, Biological Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Clean Water and Sanitation, Humans, United States, Water, Wildfires, Ecology, Evolutionary biology, Environmental management
Abstract

Extreme wildfires extensively impact human health and the environment. Increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) has led to a chronic increase in wildfire area in the western United States, yet some regions have been more affected than others. Here we show that for the same increase in VPD, burned area increases more in regions where vegetation moisture shows greater sensitivity to water limitation (plant-water sensitivity; R2 = 0.71). This has led to rapid increases in human exposure to wildfire risk, both because the population living in areas with high plant-water sensitivity grew 50% faster during 1990-2010 than in other wildland-urban interfaces and because VPD has risen most rapidly in these vulnerable areas. As plant-water sensitivity is strongly linked to wildfire vulnerability, accounting for ecophysiological controls should improve wildfire forecasts. If recent trends in VPD and demographic shifts continue, human wildfire risk will probably continue to increase.

Published
2022

17. Author Correction: Globe-LFMC, a global plant water status database for vegetation ecophysiology and wildfire applications.

Author

Yebra, Marta, Scortechini, Gianluca, Badi, Abdulbaset, Beget, María Eugenia, Boer, Matthias M, Bradstock, Ross, Chuvieco, Emilio, Danson, F Mark, Dennison, Philip, de Dios, Victor Resco, Di Bella, Carlos M, Forsyth, Greg, Frost, Philip, Garcia, Mariano, Hamdi, Abdelaziz, He, Binbin, Jolly, Matt, Kraaij, Tineke, Martín, M Pilar, Mouillot, Florent, Newnham, Glenn, Nolan, Rachael H, Pellizzaro, Grazia, Qi, Yi, Quan, Xingwen, Riaño, David, Roberts, Dar, Sow, Momadou, and Ustin, Susan

Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Published
2019

18. Globe-LFMC, a global plant water status database for vegetation ecophysiology and wildfire applications.

Author

Yebra, Marta, Scortechini, Gianluca, Badi, Abdulbaset, Beget, María Eugenia, Boer, Matthias M, Bradstock, Ross, Chuvieco, Emilio, Danson, F Mark, Dennison, Philip, Resco de Dios, Victor, Di Bella, Carlos M, Forsyth, Greg, Frost, Philip, Garcia, Mariano, Hamdi, Abdelaziz, He, Binbin, Jolly, Matt, Kraaij, Tineke, Martín, M Pilar, Mouillot, Florent, Newnham, Glenn, Nolan, Rachael H, Pellizzaro, Grazia, Qi, Yi, Quan, Xingwen, Riaño, David, Roberts, Dar, Sow, Momadou, and Ustin, Susan

Subjects
Plant Leaves, Water, Algorithms, Forecasting, Databases, Factual, Remote Sensing Technology, Wildfires, Earth, Planet
Abstract

Globe-LFMC is an extensive global database of live fuel moisture content (LFMC) measured from 1,383 sampling sites in 11 countries: Argentina, Australia, China, France, Italy, Senegal, Spain, South Africa, Tunisia, United Kingdom and the United States of America. The database contains 161,717 individual records based on in situ destructive samples used to measure LFMC, representing the amount of water in plant leaves per unit of dry matter. The primary goal of the database is to calibrate and validate remote sensing algorithms used to predict LFMC. However, this database is also relevant for the calibration and validation of dynamic global vegetation models, eco-physiological models of plant water stress as well as understanding the physiological drivers of spatiotemporal variation in LFMC at local, regional and global scales. Globe-LFMC should be useful for studying LFMC trends in response to environmental change and LFMC influence on wildfire occurrence, wildfire behavior, and overall vegetation health.

Published
2019

39. Wildfires: Australia needs national monitoring agency

Author

Bowman, David, Williamson, Grant, Yebra, Marta, Lizundia-Loiola, Joshua, Pettinari, Maria Lucrecia, Shah, Sami, and Bradstock, Ross

Subjects
Australia Bushfire Season, 2019-2020 -- Environmental aspects, Methods, Environmental aspects, Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Wildfires -- Environmental aspects -- Methods -- Laws, regulations and rules, Environmental monitoring -- Methods -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Environmental aspects
Abstract

Author(s): David Bowman, Grant Williamson, Marta Yebra, Joshua Lizundia-Loiola, Maria Lucrecia Pettinari, Sami Shah, Ross Bradstock, Emilio Chuvieco Author Affiliations: Fire-and-rescue crew attend a blaze in Sydney, Australia, in 2019. [...], Comprehensive fire surveillance will strengthen resilience and adaptation to climate change. Comprehensive fire surveillance will strengthen resilience and adaptation to climate change.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Technological solutions for living with fire in the age of megafires

Author

Yebra, Marta, Mahony, Robert, and Debus, Robert

Abstract

Anthropogenic climate change is driving extreme fire seasons, challenging the effectiveness of fire management practices developed over the last 50 years. New and diverse strategies are needed to achieve safe coexistence in an age of megafires. A redefinition of the wildfire management paradigm is central to the shift, placing greater emphasis on the adoption of high-tech solutions for early fire detection and rapid ignition suppression.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results