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Self-management has become the dominant care model for chronic disease management. This study aimed to investigate the effect of changes in self-management strategies on the clinical outcomes of chronic diseases. Two hundred ninety-seven patients with one or more chronic disease (diabetes, dyslipidemia, or hypertension) were registered and followed in this prospective cohort study. We compared differences in the changes in clinical outcomes from baseline to 6 months according to the improvement of self-management strategies by analysis of covariance. Diabetic patients with improved self-management strategies showed a significantly greater change in HbA1c levels compared to patients without improvement of self-management strategies (group difference in HbA1c = 0.51%). In hypertensive patients, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) showed a significant decline in the patients with improved self-management strategies (group difference in systolic BP = 6.2 mmHg and in diastolic BP = 5.5 mmHg). Clinical outcomes improved significantly when self-management strategies improved in people with a poor self-management strategy at baseline. This study suggests that improvements in self-management strategies are associated with an improvement in clinical outcomes among patients with chronic diseases, especially for those with an initially poor self-management strategy.

This study aimed to present normative data of Quality of life (QoL) and to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic factors, multidimensional QoL and depression. A questionnaire including the Short Form-12 (SF-12) for physical and mental health-related QOL (HRQOL), the McGill Quality of Life questionnaire (MQOL) for existential well-being and social support-related QOL, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms was designed and administered to 1200 Korean participants as part of a population-based survey. The MQOL of the entire and female population decreased notably with age (p $3000 reported a better mental HRQOL (aOR = 1.42 and 1.38). Those who were educated at higher than college level or were religious reported a worse mental HRQOL (aOR = 0.70 and 0.69). Unlike QOL measured by the SF-12, MQOL was lower among women (aOR = 0.77) and participants who were divorced or separated (aOR = 0.23 for existential well-being and 0.40 for social support). Participants who were educated at higher than college level (aOR = 1.51) and those living in a city/country reported a better MQOL (aOR = 1.50 for existential well-being and 1.60 for social support). Among the QOL scores that were significantly related to depression, existential well-being-related QOL had the highest aOR (aOR = 38.15), followed by physical HRQOL score (aOR = 4.52). Further consideration is needed to raise awareness of the need for evaluating multidimensional QOL in the general population.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of health coaching and a web-based program on survivor physical activity (PA), weight, and distress management among stomach, colon, lung and breast cancer patients. METHODS This randomised, controlled, 1-year trial conducted in five hospitals recruited cancer survivors within 2 months of completing primary cancer treatment who had not met ≥1 of these behavioural goals: (i) conducting moderate PA for at least 150 minutes/week or strenuous exercise for over 75 minutes per week or, in the case of lung cancer patients, low or moderate intensity exercise for over 12.5 MET per week, (ii) maintaining normal weight, and (iii) attaining a score >72 in the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the control group, a web-only group, or a health coaching + web group. The primary endpoint was based on a composite of PA, weight, and PTGI score at 12 months. RESULTS Patients in the health coaching + web group (difference = 6.6%, P = .010) and the web-only group (difference = 5.9%, P = .031) had greater overall improvements across the three-outcome composite than the control group. The health coaching + web group had greater overall improvement in PTGI (difference = 12.6%; P

Self-management strategies are essential for improving prognosis in chronic illnesses. This study aimed to investigate the association between comorbidity and self-management strategies. A total of 700 patients with one or more chronic diseases including diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, osteoporosis, chronic lung disease, chronic kidney disease and arthritis were enrolled. A questionnaire including the Smart Management Strategy for Health Assessment Tool Short Form (SAT), the Short Form-12, the McGill Quality of Life questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was administered to participants. The trend of each SAT according to number of comorbidities was evaluated, and the difference in quality of life and depression according to self-management strategies was examined in the model classified by the number of diseases. Self-management strategy scores tended to decrease as the number of comorbidities increased from one to four (p-value: 0.001 to 0.008). Regardless of the number of comorbidities, the MQOL score was higher in the good self-management strategy group (p

Self-management has become the dominant care model for chronic disease management. This study aimed to investigate the effect of changes in self-management strategies on the clinical outcomes of chronic diseases.Two hundred ninety-seven patients with one or more chronic disease (diabetes, dyslipidemia, or hypertension) were registered and followed in this prospective cohort study. We compared differences in the changes in clinical outcomes from baseline to 6 months according to the improvement of self-management strategies by analysis of covariance.Diabetic patients with improved self-management strategies showed a significantly greater change in HbA1c levels compared to patients without improvement of self-management strategies (group difference in HbA1c = 0.51%). In hypertensive patients, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) showed a significant decline in the patients with improved self-management strategies (group difference in systolic BP = 6.2 mmHg and in diastolic BP = 5.5 mmHg). Clinical outcomes improved significantly when self-management strategies improved in people with a poor self-management strategy at baseline.This study suggests that improvements in self-management strategies are associated with an improvement in clinical outcomes among patients with chronic diseases, especially for those with an initially poor self-management strategy.

BACKGROUND: For chronic disease management, self-management strategies are essential to achieve sustained improvement. OBJECTIVE: Our study evaluated the efficacy of health coaching and a self-management strategy–based electronic program on self-management strategies for patients with osteoporosis, chronic respiratory disease, or arthritis. DESIGN: Three-arm randomized controlled trial, pilot study PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-four participants INTERVENTIONS: The first intervention group (n = 53) received a self-management strategy–based electronic program and 12 weeks of health coaching (20 sessions). The second intervention group received the information and communications technology (ICT) program; the control group received usual care and an educational booklet about self-management of chronic diseases. MAIN MEASURES: The primary outcome was the difference in the change of the mean of self-management strategy scores. Secondary outcomes included depression (PHQ-9), physical activity (Godin Leisure Exercise Questionnaire), and health habit maintenance (transtheoretical model) after 12 weeks in the program. KEY RESULTS: The combination of health coaching and ICT was superior to control group (change 18.5 vs. − 2.6, adjusted difference = 24.5, p < 0.001); however, the ICT alone group was not superior to the control group (change 8.0 vs. − 2.6, adjusted difference = 8.0, p = 0.156). As a result of evaluating the change in the percentage of people with positive stage changes in the transtheoretical model of health habits, regular exercise (p = 0.008), a balanced diet (p = 0.005), helping others (p = 0.001), and living with loved ones (p = 0.038) showed significant differences. There was no significant difference in the changes in percentage of patients with depressive symptoms in comparison with control group; however, there was in comparison with control group among groups (p = 0.033). Compared to the control group, the proportion of patients who achieved an exercise amount of 12.5 MET or higher was significantly higher (p = 0.028) in the health coaching and ICT group. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of ICT + health coaching led to improvement in self-management as well as in increasing exercise, and several healthy behaviors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03294057

Background In addition to medication, health behavior management is crucial in patients with multiple risks of cardiovascular mortality. Objective This study aimed to examine the efficacy of a 3-month Smart Management Strategy for Health–based electronic program (Smart Healthing). Methods A 2-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of Smart Healthing in 106 patients with at least one indicator of poor disease control and who had hypertension, diabetes, or hypercholesterolemia. The intervention group (n=53) took part in the electronic program, which was available in the form of a mobile app and a Web-based PC application. The program covered 4 areas: self-assessment, self-planning, self-learning, and self-monitoring by automatic feedback. The control group (n=53) received basic educational material concerning disease control. The primary outcome was the percentage of participants who achieved their clinical indicator goal after 12 weeks into the program: glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) Results The intervention group showed a significantly higher success rate (in comparison with the control group) for achieving each of 3 clinical indicators at the targeted goal levels (P Conclusions A short-term self-management strategy-based electronic program intervention may improve clinical outcomes among patients with cardiovascular risks. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03294044; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03294044

This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Subjective Well-Being Inventory (SWBI) in a nationally representative sample in Korea. A total of 1200 people completed the semi-structured, self-reported questionnaire, which included five items from the SWLS and 14 items from the SWBI. All items and the total score of both the SWLS and the SWBI showed high internal consistency (with Cronbach&rsquo, s alphas of 0.886 and 0.946, respectively). The item-total correlation values for both measures were in the ranges of 0.71&ndash, 0.75 and 0.65&ndash, 0.80, respectively. There were positive correlations between the SWLS and SWBI (r = 0.59, p = 0.01). The SWLS, SWBI and global well-being (GWB) scores were positively correlated with the McGill Quality of Life subscales (p = 0.01) but negatively correlated with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (p = 0.01). Participants under 50 years old (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00&ndash, 1.69) and those in rural areas (aOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.28&ndash, 2.07) had higher scores on the SWLS than other participant groups. Participants who were under 50 years old (aOR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.12&ndash, 1.92), were male (aOR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.04&ndash, 1.71), were married (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.13&ndash, 2.01), lived in rural areas (aOR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.35&ndash, 3.91), or had higher incomes (aOR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.02&ndash, 1.65) showed higher SWBI scores. This study showed that the SLWS and SWBI have good psychometric properties and could be applicable to Korea.