Search

The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by hyperglycemia plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis. This study aims to examine the impact of angiotensin II (Ang II) and high glucose on VSMC proliferation and the phosphorylation status of key signalling proteins, specifically ERK1/2, Akt, and STAT3. Furthermore, we assess the inhibitory effects of resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, on these signalling pathways.

Introduction Schizophrenia patients have demonstrated a high prevalence of suicidal behavior. There isn’t yet a definitive explanation of the neurobiological mechanisms of suicidal behavior (SB) in psychotic patients. While subthreshold indices of dyslipidemia were observed in schizophrenia patients, it has shown that there is a relationship between dyslipidemia and suicidal behavior. Objectives The study aimed to investigate possible associations between SB and lipid profile including cardiovascular biomarkers in first-episode psychosis (FEP) as compared with healthy controls (HC). Methods The study sample consisted of 173 subjects (111 male, 62 female). The sample included 31 drug- naïve FEP patients with current SB (FEP+S), 66 drug-naïve FEP patients without SB (FEP-S), and 76 mentally and medically HC subjects. Blood samples were collected from all participants to determine total cholesterol (TC), low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL), and triglycerides (TG). Castelli Risk Index-I, Castelli Risk Index-II, and atherogenic index were calculated. Symptoms were assessed by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for pairwise comparisons of account of lipid parameters in three groups. A binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the predictive power of lipid profile in the presence of SB in FEP. Results The results of Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that a statistical difference was found in TC and TG between groups. Despite statistical significance was observed in TG between all patient groups (FEP+S and FEP-S) and controls, as well as in TC between FEP-S and controls, there was no significant difference between FEP-S and FEP+S for any lipid parameters or cardiovascular biomarkers. No significant correlation was identified between lipid profile and symptom severity. No significant relationships were able to predict the presence of SB in FEP. Conclusions In this study, plasma levels of lipid parameters and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in all patient groups (FEP+S and FEP-S) and HC were compared. Current results show no linkage between SB and lipid profile, but significantly lower levels of cholesterol in FEP. Therefore, cholesterol might have a protective role in terms of psychosis while CI1, CI2, and AI were not increased in psychosis. Thus, increased cholesterol levels or cardiovascular risk in schizophrenia patients, that several studies found, may ensue after antipsychotic use. Overall, present findings suggest that lipid profile abnormalities are specifically associated with FEP rather than SB. Controversy of results may reveal that research on SB requires an understanding of whether the patient had concomitant psychosis. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to analyze the validity and reliability of the Turkish translation of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Mania Rating Scale (K-SADSC-MRS), and the Depression Rating Scale (K-SADSC -DRS). METHODS: 151 children and adolescents (6 - 18 years old) and 30 healthy controls (6 - 18 years old) who applied to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry clinic between September 2020 and May 2022 were included in the study. All participants were given K-SADSC-MRS, K-SADSC-DRS, Children's Depression Rating Scale - Revised Form (CDRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Children's General Assessment Scale (CCI) and Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) ) scales were applied. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha coefficient of K-SADSC-MRS was found to be 0.899 and similarly, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of K-SADSC-DRS was found to be 0.899. A high correlation was found between YMRS and K-SADSC-MRS (r=0.932, p< 0.001), and between CDRS and K-SADSC-DRS (r=0.911, p< 0.001). There was a negative correlation between the scales showing opposite polarity. In ROC analyses, the area under the curve was found to be 0.927 for K-SADSC-MRS and 0.920 for K-SADSC-DRS. Intra-class correlation coefficients between the interviewers were için 0,996 (%95 confidence interval= 0,992 – 0,998) for K-SADSC-MRS and 0,980 (%95 confidence interval= 0,956 – 0,991) for K-SADSC-DRS. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The Turkish forms of K-SADSC-MRS and K-SADSC-DRS are valid and reliable scales and are suitable for use in children and adolescents in our country.

Sunulan çalışmanın amacı kedilerde ovaryohisterektomi sırasında butorfanol, medetomidine ve ketamin kombinasyonu ile yapılan anestezinin kan gazı parametrelerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada 6-72 ay aralığında, farklı ırklarda, 19 adet kısırlaştırılan dişi kedi kullanıldı. Anesteziden önce vena cephalica antebrachi’den heparinli enjektöre 1 mL kan alınarak kan gazı parametreleri değerlendirildi. Klinik muayene ve laboratuvar analizler sonucunda sağlıklı olduğu belirlenen kediler ovaryohisterektomi için genel anesteziye alındı. Anestezi indüksiyonu için butorfanol (0,01 mg/kg, IV) uygulandı, uygulamadan 5 dakika sonra medetomidine (0,08 mL/kg, IV) ve 10 dakika sonrasında ise ketamin (5-7,5 mg/kg, IV) damar içi yolla verildi. Ketamin uygulamasının 10. dakikasında kedilerden tekrar kan örneği alındı. Anestezi öncesi ve sırasında alınan kan örneklerinde pH, pCO2, pO2, sO2, Na, Ca, K, Cl, Glu, Lac, BE ve HCO3 düzeyleri değerlendirildi. Anestezisi indüklenen kedilerde pH, pO2, sO2, BE ve HCO3 düzeylerinin anestezi öncesine göre daha düşük, pCO2 ve laktat konsantrasyonlarının ise yüksek olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak ovaryohisterektomi uygulanacak kedilerde kan gaz parametreleri takibinin yapılmasının, operasyon öncesi ve sonrası oluşabilecek komplikasyonların önlenebilmesi için yararlı olabileceği düşünüldü.

The impact of John Rawls’ “justice as fairness” in contemporary society is far and wide since it provides an ethos and condition of fairness as the essential factor in the dispense of justice in the public domain. In this regard, it could be inferred that Rawls’ concept of justice accounts for political liberalism in such a way that central to justice are respect, equality, rationality, reasonableness, freedom, and autonomy of the person that is carried over in the public domain. What made Rawls different is the idea that “justice” and “rationality” can motivate people to undertake social cooperation. As society provides the setting for individuation and the pursuit of good, it motivates people to pursue social collaboration because it is good. Considering the fact that pluralism and diversity of worldviews frame the social life of the individual, Rawls uses the approach of political liberalism to decipher the connection between the individual and the state. Rawls’ political liberalism assumes that shared ideals of justice between different reasonable comprehensive views are possible, and this underlies the basic structure of society and social cooperation. An important aspect of “justice as fairness” is that it does not claim to provide a complete moral or metaphysical doctrine or interpretation of what justice is all about. Instead, “justice as fairness” emphasizes the act of making decisions and choices. Rawls' "justice as fairness" has brought transcendent justice into the domain of human decisions and choices. This article will make a critical assessment of political liberalism to justify “justice as fairness as a political concept”.

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus is characterized by altered mental status without convulsive motor activity and symptoms lasting more than 10 minutes or recorded with electroencephalogram (EEG). This clinical presentation is expected to be seen mostly in chronic epilepsy patients and is recognized especially in critically ill patients, recently. Underlying metabolic anomalies, stroke and infections, may precipitate the nonconvulsive status epilepticus. It is demonstrated in 16% of the patients over 60 years old with altered mental status in the emergency department (ED) and the mortality rates increase by 50% among adults. Ischemic stroke has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of nonconvulsive status epilepticus. In ischemic stroke, not only cortical and great vessel infarcts but also lacunar infarcts have the possibility of developing nonconvulsive status epilepticus. In this case report, we aimed to present with literature information that especially frontal region infarcts may be a determining factor in the development of early status epilepticus after stroke.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment adherence in patients with severe asthma who were receiving omalizumab and mepolizumab treatment in our clinic. Material and Method: A total of 53 patients with severe asthma, 45 of whom were using omalizumab and 8 of whom were using mepolizumab, were included in the study. The medical records of the patients were recorded anonymously and retrospectively. Results: It was seen that the rate of patients using omalizumab in the study population decreased during the pandemic period compared to the 1-year period before the pandemic. It was observed that approximately 51% of the patients using omalizumab missed routine treatment doses. The major factor in skipping treatment doses was the fear of contracting COVID-19 upon admission to the hospital. In the mepolizumab group, the rate of using biologic agents during the pandemic period increased compared to 1 year before the pandemic. Dose skipping was observed among 37.5% of the patients in this group and it was found that the major risk factor for skipping a dose was the fear of contracting COVID-19 upon admission to the hospital. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that there was a decrease in the duration and rate of use of biologic agent therapies administered in a health institution under the supervision of a healthcare professional among patients with severe asthma during the pandemic.

Modern sonrası dönemde evrim teorisi, insanı gelişim aşamasında ortaya çıkan formlardan bir forma indirgerken teknoloji, insanı “geliştirmeye açık” manipülasyon nesnesi kılmış, böylelikle rasyonel süjenin özel konumu sarsılmıştır. Anti-özcü yaklaşımlarda insan ile insan üretimi teknoloji arasındaki sınırların bulanıklaştığına dair düşünceler felsefi gündemde yer bulmuştur. Yeni teknolojilerin mümkün kıldığı transhümanist hareket, evrim sürecindeki insanın teknolojik müdahale ile geliştirilmesine ve insan olmanın ötesine giden yeni bir anlayışa kapı aralamıştır. Fakat transhümanizm, ortaya koyduğu ideallerin ahlaki sonuçlarına ilişkin yeterli bir soruşturmaya girişmemektedir. Bu çalışmada gelişen insan tasavvuru ile transhümanist düşüncede yapılan felsefi ve ahlâki değerlendirmeler arasındaki boşluklara dikkat çekilecek olup söz konusu düşüncenin hazırlıksız olduğu postmodern durumda bu tasavvurların bizleri belli erdemler açısından hususen adalet açısından karşı karşıya bırakacağı sorunlara genel itibariyle işaret edilmiştir. Makalede özellikle Ray Kurzweil, John Harris, Nick Bostrom gibi çağdaş düşünürlerce ortaya koyulan transhümanist söylemin adil bir toplum ideali ortaya koymada yetersiz kaldığı yönündeki eleştiriler, felsefi bir çerçevede, biyo-iktidar ilişkileri de gözetilerek adalet erdemi üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.

Objective:Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is the migration of stomach contents to the lower part of the oesophagus, which is a physiological phenomenon that can usually be detected 10-15 times a day. It can occur after meals and during sleep. This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional behaviour of patients diagnosed as having GER disease (GERD).Methods:In this research, among patients who were admitted to the gastroenterology outpatient clinic in a training and research hospital in İstanbul between June and December 2019, 104 patients aged 18-65 and diagnosed as having GERD as the study group, and 104 individuals not diagnosed as having GERD as the control group were included.Results:Of both patient and control groups, 49% were male and 51% were female. It was determined that those diagnosed as having the disease frequently experienced pyrosis and regurgitation with acidity. The average body mass index (BMI) of the patient group was 30.40 kg/m2, and of the control group, it was 25.41 kg/m2 (p

Aim: This study, it was aimed to determine the effect of L-ergothionine and Fetuin added to the culture medium on blastocyst development. Materials and Methods: The material of the study consisted of oocytes collected from the ovaries taken from the abattoir. Oocytes, which were incubated for 22 hours in maturation (IVM) medium, were kept in the incubator for 20-22 hours with semen in fertilization (IVF) medium. After the fertilization step, zygotes were transferred in to culture (IVC) drops with antioxidant (Grup 1: L-ergothionine (L-Erg) 0.05 mM (n:100), Grup 2: fetuin 1 mg/ml (n:100), Grup 3: control (n:120)). The 6th and 7th-day blastocysts development were checked. Differences in in vitro embryo production stages were evaluated with the Chi-square test. Results: It was determined that 299 (93.44%) of 320 oocytes were mature. It was determined that the maturation rates of the groups were 94%, 92%, and 94.17%, respectively. It was determined that the cleavage rates were 92.55%, 94.57%, and 92.04%. It was observed that 65 (21.74%) blastocysts were obtained from 299 zygotes taken into the culture stage, and the blastocyst rates in the groups were 45.74%, 11.96%, and 18.58%, respectively. It was determined that the statistical difference between L-ergothionine and the other two groups in blastocyst rates was significant (p Conclusion: As a result, L-Erg was seen to improve blastocyst development rates. By investigating the use of L-Erg in different doses, it was thought that the dose can be used with the highest antioxidant activity in vitro embryo production and more blastocysts could be produced.

Rapid changes in technological developments and their impact on daily life are changing the way of doing business, the communication process and the working order. This impact process creates innovations in parallel with technology in every sector. One of these innovations is undoubtedly blockchain technology. Emerging in 2008 with the introduction of Bitcoin, it is now an accepted fact that blockchain is a large-scale technology that has made a name for itself with its high returns in recent years and has become widespread with the effect of crypto assets. The innovation and transformation brought by blockchain technology affect audit and consultancy activities as it affects different professions. When the advantages brought by this technology are evaluated, it is expected that different opportunities will arise in the audit profession, providing transparency, efficiency and time savings in the audit process. In this study, the basic structure of blockchain technology is examined and the advantages and risks that may arise from the technology are evaluated. It is tried to explain how the audit process is affected by new developments and the possible change process of audit from a broader perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Patients with schizophrenia have a higher lifetime prevalence of suicidal behavior (SB) compared to the general population. Therefore, understanding the possible neurobiology of suicide and predicting the risk of suicide in schizophrenia is a solemnly critical issue. Methods: 31 drug-naïve first episode schizophrenia (FES) patients with current SB (FES-S), 69 drug-naive patients with first episode schizophrenia without SB (FES-NS), and 69 drug-naïve non-psychotic patients with current SB (NPS) who were diagnosed according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 5 (DSM-5) participated the study. The control group (HC) consisted of 127 individuals matched with the patients. Symptoms at the time of evaluation were assessed using The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS). Blood samples were collected from all participants to determine White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, monocyte, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), Lymphocyte, and Platelet levels and to measure this protein ratio. Results: The blood levels of WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, albumin, CRP, and Neutrophil/Albumin Ratio (NAR) were higher in all patient groups compared to HC. CRP/Albumin Ratio (CAR) value was observed to be highest in the NPS group. Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) value was significantly higher in patients with FES compared to HC. There were no significant differences between the FES-S group and the FES-NS and NPS groups. Conclusion: It can be suggested that although inflammation is not a predictor for suicide attempts in schizophrenia, it is associated with the degree of suicide risk in schizophrenia. In addition, the strong relationship between suicide and psychiatric disorders can be the main reason for high peripheral inflammation levels in suicidal patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:Monogenic diabetes is a heterogeneous disease that causes functional problems in pancreatic beta cells and hyperglycemia. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and laboratory features, the admission characteristics and distribution of monogenic form of diabetes in childhood in Turkey.Methods:Patients aged 0-18 years, who were molecularly diagnosed with monogenic diabetes, and consented to participate, were included in the study.Results:Seventy-seven (45.6%) female and 92 male cases with a mean age of 8.18±5.05 years at diagnosis were included. 52.7% of the cases were diagnosed with monogenic diabetes by random blood glucose measurement. The reason for genetic analysis in 95 (56.2%) of cases was having a family member diagnosed with diabetes under the age of 25. At the time of diagnosis, ketone was detected in urine in 16.6% of the cases. Mean hemoglobin A1c on admission, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and c-peptide values were 7.3±2.1%, 184.9±128.9 mg/dL, 9.4±22.9 IU/L, 1.36±1.1 and ng/L respectively. GCK-MODY was found in 100 (59.2%), HNF1A-MODY in 31 (18.3%), and variants in ABCC8 in 6 (3.6%), KCNJ11 in 5 (3%), HNF4A in 2 (1.2%), and HNF1B in 2 (1.2%).Conclusion:Recent studies have indicated HNF1A-MODY is the most frequent of all the MODY-monogenic diabetes cases in the literature (50%), while GCK-MODY is the second most frequent (32%). In contrast to these reports, in our study, the most common form was GCKMODY while less than 20% of cases were diagnosed with HNF1A-MODY.

Abstract In this paper, we aim to discuss the common fixed point of Proinov type mapping via simulation function. The presented results not only generalize, but also unify the corresponding results in this direction. We also consider an example to indicate the validity of the obtained results.

In this paper, we obtain a fixed point theorem ω- ψ-interpolative Hardy-Rogers contractive of Suzuki type mappings. In the following, we present an example to illustrate the new theorem is applicable. Subsequently, some results are given. These results generalize several new results present in the literature.

Günümüz dünyasında bedenleri teknoloji ile bütünleşmiş, insanın muadili olarak lanse edilen siborg veya yarı robot-yarı insan gibi biyoteknolojik varlıkların 21. yüzyılın parçası olacağı düşünülmekte olup yapay zekâ ve sibernetik uygulamaların yakın zamanda hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı olarak hukuk alanına sirayet edeceğini söylemek mümkündür. Özellikle de bu varlıkların “ötekileştirilme” sorunuyla yüz yüze gelmesi ve “öteki” kılınmalarına dair itirazları genellikle hak, özgürlük ve eşitlik talepleri şeklinde gündeme gelebilmektedir. Söz konusu durumun neticesinde genetik yapısı biyoteknolojik uygulamalarla farklılaşanlara yönelik bir ayrım gözetmek, ayrıcalık göstermek veya onları dışlamak şeklinde tarif edebileceğimiz bir “ötekileştirme” ve kimlik sorunu söz konusu olabilecektir. Ortaya çıkacak olan yeni posthümanist durumla beraber avantajlı ve dezavantajlı konumda olacak öznelerin eşitsizlik ve adaletsizlik söylemleri yakın zamanda yaygınlık kazanacak ve bu husus hassas bir sorun olarak belirecektir. Bu çalışma; biyolojik seleksiyona beşerî müdahalenin dahil olmasıyla gerçekleşen, bedenleri teknoloji ile bütünleşmiş ve insanın alternatifi olan varlık türü olarak lanse edilen siborg veya yarı robot-yarı insan gibi biyoteknolojik varlıkların hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı olarak hukuk alanına sirayet etmesine işaret etmektedir. Çağdaş felsefe kuramcılarının odağında yer alan, Batı dünyasının teknolojiye sunduğu sınırsız öncelik ile insani gelişim adına yürütülen yeni teknoloji uygulamalarının evrenselleşerek insan doğasını değiştirmesinin etik ve politik anlamda yeni adaletsizliklere yol açabileceği ve bu durumun her şeyin toptan bir yıkımından başka bir şey vaat etmeyeceği düşüncesi söz konusu çalışmanın ana problemidir. Özne ile adalet ilişkisinin ortaya çıkışında modernliğin insanı bilgi nesnesine dönüştürmesi ve insanlığı üzerinde çalışılan bir nesneye indirgemesi adalet sorunsalının felsefi dönüşümüyle de yakından bağlantılı olduğu için çalışmamız, günümüz teknolojilerinin insan doğasının geleceğine ne şekilde yansıdığını dikkate alarak post-human’ın adaleti ve hukuku ne şekilde dönüştüreceğini etik ve politik bir perspektiften tartışmak suretiyle konuyla ilgili beliren adalet sorunlarını gündeme taşımayı amaçlamaktadır. Çağımıza dair en kaygı verici sorunlardan biri kuşkusuz ontolojik sınırların bulanıklaşmasıyla insan tanımlarının/tasvirlerinin tehlike altında olması ve bu hususun adalete olduğu kadar hukuka yansımalarının da ciddi boyutlara varabilmesidir. İnsanın biyoteknolojik müdahalelerle almış olduğu yeni hâl sadece etik alanını değil politik ve hukuki zemini de kapsayacak biçimde tartışılması gereken bir durumdur. Çalışmamız, sözü edilen sorunlara hukuk ve adalet düzleminde katkı sunma imkânını araştırarak post-antropolojik felsefeler bünyesinde beliren eleştirileri değerlendirmeyi ve çağımızın önemli sorunu olan adalet anlayışına felsefi bir katkı sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Ayrıca, posthümanist çağda yapay zekâ, robotik ve insan genomu gibi düzenlemelerle insanlığın yeniden tanımlanması ve bu durumun hukuk ve adalete etkilerini düşünmeye zaman harcanması gerektiğini savunmakta ve yeniden icat etmek durumunda kaldığımız yaşam pratiklerinden biri olan hukuk biliminin yapay zekâ ve yapay yaşamla ilgili tutumunu geliştirmesi gerektiği kanaatini gerekçeleriyle ve transhümanist çalışmalara atıfla ortaya koyma çabasındadır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, gelecek nesillerin insanca yaşaması ve adaletin anlam bütünlüğünün zedelenmemesi için bilim ve teknoloji etkinliğinin hukuk dünyasındaki gereksinimlere ve etik değerlere uygunluk ve kabul edilebilirlik açısından gözden geçirilmesi ve tesis edilmesi gerektiğini savunmaktadır.

Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption (SCRD) is common in schizophrenia patients, who also typically experience impaired social functioning. While various factors influence social functioning in schizophrenia, the specific impact of sleep and circadian rhythm disruption remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the connection between chronotype and social functioning in remitted schizophrenia patients, examining the mediating roles of depression and sleep quality. The study included 185 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia based on DSM-5 criteria. After categorizing the patients into morningness, eveningness, or intermediate chronotypes using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire(MEQ), they were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia(CDSS), Personal and Social Performance Scale(PSPS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). The eveningness chronotype group showed higher CDSS and PSQI scores and lower PWBS and PSPS-Total scores than the other groups (p < 0.05). A hierarchical linear regression model assessed MEQ, PSQI, and CDSS scores' effects on PSPS total scores. MEQ scores' significance diminished when CDSS scores were included. Eveningness chronotype, particularly with increased depressive symptoms, negatively impacts social functioning in remitted schizophrenia patients.These findings contribute to the understudied area of chronotype in schizophrenia and its impact on social functioning, including its interaction with sleep.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: A total of 127 patients who had undergone CABG (2011-2013) were enrolled into this study and follow-up was obtained by phone contact. Patients were categorized into two groups according to preoperative CCC using the Rentrop method. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF), and mortality rates were compared between groups. Clinical outcome was defined as combined end point including death, PCI, recurrent MI, stroke, and HF. Results: Sixty-two of 127 patients had poor CCC and 65 had good CCC. There were no differences in terms of PCI, recurrent MI, and HF between the groups. Stroke (seven of 62 [11.3%] and one of 65 [1.5%], P=0.026) and mortality (19 of 62 [30.6%] and 10 of 65 [15.4%], P=0.033) rates were significantly higher in poor CCC group than in good CCC group. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, survival time was not statistically different between the groups. Presence of poor CCC resulted in a significantly higher combined end point incidence (P=0.011). Conclusion: Stroke, mortality rates, and combined end point incidence were significantly higher in poor CCC patients than in the good CCC group.