Search

Your search keyword '"Ye, Xiang"' showing total 4,245 results
Start Over Author "Ye, Xiang"
4,245 results on '"Ye, Xiang"'

2. Obesity induces PD-1 on macrophages to suppress anti-tumour immunity

Author

Bader, Jackie E., Wolf, Melissa M., Lupica-Tondo, Gian Luca, Madden, Matthew Z., Reinfeld, Bradley I., Arner, Emily N., Hathaway, Emma S., Steiner, KayLee K., Needle, Gabriel A., Hatem, Zaid, Landis, Madelyn D., Faneuff, Eden E., Blackman, Amondrea, Wolf, Elysa M., Cottam, Matthew A., Ye, Xiang, Bates, Madison E., Smart, Kyra, Wang, Wenjun, Pinheiro, Laura V., Christofides, Anthos, Smith, DuPreez, Boussiotis, Vassiliki A., Haake, Scott M., Beckermann, Kathryn E., Wellen, Kathryn E., Reinhart-King, Cynthia A., Serezani, C. Henrique, Lee, Cheng-Han, Aubrey, Christa, Chen, Heidi, Rathmell, W. Kimryn, Hasty, Alyssa H., and Rathmell, Jeffrey C.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. The receptor VLDLR binds Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus through multiple distinct modes

Author

Duanfang Cao, Bingting Ma, Ziyi Cao, Xiaoyu Xu, Xinzheng Zhang, and Ye Xiang

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEEV) is an alphavirus that can cause severe diseases in infected humans. The very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) was recently identified as a receptor of EEEV. Herein, we performed cryo-electron microscopy structural and biochemistry studies on the specific interactions between EEEV and VLDLR. Our results show that VLDLR binds EEEV at three different sites A, B and C through its membrane-distal LDLR class A (LA) repeats. Site A is located in the cleft in between the E1-E2 heterodimers. Site B is located near the connecting β ribbon of E2 and is in proximity to site A, while site C is on the domain B of E2. The binding of VLDLR LAs to EEEV is in complex modes, including the LA1-2 and LA3-5 mediated two major modes. Disruption of the LA1-2 mediated binding significantly affect the cell attachment of EEEV. However, the mutation W132G of VLDLR impairs the binding of LA3, drives the switch of the binding modes, and significantly enhances the attachment of EEEV to the cell. The W132G variant of VLDLR could be identified in human genome and SNP sequences, implying that people with similar mutations in VLDLR may be highly susceptible to EEEV infection.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Author Correction: Obesity induces PD-1 on macrophages to suppress anti-tumour immunity

Author

Bader, Jackie E., Wolf, Melissa M., Lupica-Tondo, Gian Luca, Madden, Matthew Z., Reinfeld, Bradley I., Arner, Emily N., Hathaway, Emma S., Steiner, KayLee K., Needle, Gabriel A., Hatem, Zaid, Landis, Madelyn D., Faneuff, Eden E., Blackman, Amondrea, Wolf, Elysa M., Cottam, Matthew A., Ye, Xiang, Bates, Madison E., Smart, Kyra, Wang, Wenjun, Pinheiro, Laura V., Christofides, Anthos, Smith, DuPreez, Boussiotis, Vassiliki A., Haake, Scott M., Beckermann, Kathryn E., Wellen, Kathryn E., Reinhart-King, Cynthia A., Serezani, C. Henrique, Lee, Cheng-Han, Aubrey, Christa, Chen, Heidi, Rathmell, W. Kimryn, Hasty, Alyssa H., and Rathmell, Jeffrey C.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Canonical Mean Filter for Almost Zero-Shot Multi-Task classification

Author

Li, Yong, Wang, Heng, and Ye, Xiang

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

The support set is a key to providing conditional prior for fast adaption of the model in few-shot tasks. But the strict form of support set makes its construction actually difficult in practical application. Motivated by ANIL, we rethink the role of adaption in the feature extractor of CNAPs, which is a state-of-the-art representative few-shot method. To investigate the role, Almost Zero-Shot (AZS) task is designed by fixing the support set to replace the common scheme, which provides corresponding support sets for the different conditional prior of different tasks. The AZS experiment results infer that the adaptation works little in the feature extractor. However, CNAPs cannot be robust to randomly selected support sets and perform poorly on some datasets of Meta-Dataset because of its scattered mean embeddings responded by the simple mean operator. To enhance the robustness of CNAPs, Canonical Mean Filter (CMF) module is proposed to make the mean embeddings intensive and stable in feature space by mapping the support sets into a canonical form. CMFs make CNAPs robust to any fixed support sets even if they are random matrices. This attribution makes CNAPs be able to remove the mean encoder and the parameter adaptation network at the test stage, while CNAP-CMF on AZS tasks keeps the performance with one-shot tasks. It leads to a big parameter reduction. Precisely, 40.48\% parameters are dropped at the test stage. Also, CNAP-CMF outperforms CNAPs in one-shot tasks because it addresses inner-task unstable performance problems. Classification performance, visualized and clustering results verify that CMFs make CNAPs better and simpler.

Published
2022

17. HIF-2[alpha] expression and metabolic signaling require ACSS2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Author

Bacigalupa, Zachary A., Arner, Emily N., Vlach, Logan M., Wolf, Melissa M., Brown, Whitney A., Krystofiak, Evan S., Ye, Xiang, Hongo, Rachel A., Landis, Madelyn, Amason, Edith K., Beckermann, Kathryn E., Rathmell, W. Kimryn, and Rathmell, Jeffrey C.

Subjects
Oncology, Experimental, Gene expression -- Research, Cell metabolism -- Research, Carcinoma, Renal cell -- Development and progression -- Genetic aspects, Cellular signal transduction -- Research, Cancer -- Research, Transcription factors -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, Health care industry
Abstract

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is an aggressive cancer driven by VHL loss and aberrant HIF-2[alpha] signaling. Identifying means to regulate HIF-2[alpha] thus has potential therapeutic benefit. Acetyl- CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) converts acetate to acetyl-CoA and is associated with poor patient prognosis in ccRCC. Here we tested the effects of ACSS2 on HIF-2[alpha] and cancer cell metabolism and growth in ccRCC models and clinical samples. ACSS2 inhibition reduced HIF-2[alpha] levels and suppressed ccRCC cell line growth in vitro, in vivo, and in cultures of primary ccRCC patient tumors. This treatment reduced glycolytic signaling, cholesterol metabolism, and mitochondrial integrity, all of which are consistent with loss of HIF-2[alpha]. Mechanistically, ACSS2 inhibition decreased chromatin accessibility and HIF- 2[alpha] expression and stability. While HIF-2[alpha] protein levels are widely regulated through pVHL-dependent proteolytic degradation, we identify a potential pVHLindependent pathway of degradation via the E3 ligase MUL1. We show that MUL1 can directly interact with HIF-2[alpha] and that overexpression of MUL1 decreased HIF-2[alpha] levels in a manner partially dependent on ACSS2. These findings identify multiple mechanisms to regulate HIF-2[alpha] stability and ACSS2 inhibition as a strategy to complement HIF-2[alpha]-targeted therapies and deplete pathogenically stabilized HIF-2[alpha]., Introduction Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most abundant subtype of kidney cancer, accounting for 75% of all cases (1). In ccRCC, a deregulated hypoxia transcriptional response is [...]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. VHL loss reprograms the immune landscape to promote an inflammatory myeloid microenvironment in renal tumorigenesis

Author

Wolf, Melissa M., Madden, Matthew Z., Arner, Emily N., Bader, Jackie E., Ye, Xiang, Vlach, Logan, Tigue, Megan L., Landis, Madelyn D., Jonker, Patrick B., Hatem, Zaid, Steiner, KayLee K., Gaines, Dakim K., Reinfeld, Bradley I., Hathaway, Emma S., Xin, Fuxue, Tantawy, M. Noor, Haake, Scott M., Jonasch, Eric, Muir, Alexander, Weiss, Vivian L., Beckermann, Kathryn E., Rathmell, W. Kimryn, and Rathmell, Jeffrey C.

Subjects
United States. National Cancer Institute, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Cell death, Scientific equipment and supplies industry, Tumors, Dextrose, B cells, Glucose, Macrophages, Health care industry, Vanderbilt University. Medical Center
Abstract

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by dysregulated hypoxia signaling and a tumor microenvironment (TME) highly enriched in myeloid and lymphoid cells. Loss of the von Hippel Lindau (VHL) gene is a critical early event in ccRCC pathogenesis and promotes stabilization of HIF. Whether VHL loss in cancer cells affects immune cells in the TME remains unclear. Using Vhl WT and Vhl-KO in vivo murine kidney cancer Renca models, we found that Vhl-KO tumors were more infiltrated by immune cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from Vhl-deficient tumors demonstrated enhanced in vivo glucose consumption, phagocytosis, and inflammatory transcriptional signatures, whereas lymphocytes from Vhl-KO tumors showed reduced activation and a lower response to anti- programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy in vivo. The chemokine CX3CL1 was highly expressed in human ccRCC tumors and was associated with Vhl deficiency. Deletion of Cx3cl1 in cancer cells decreased myeloid cell infiltration associated with Vhl loss to provide a mechanism by which Vhl loss may have contributed to the altered immune landscape. Here, we identify cancer cell-specific genetic features that drove environmental reprogramming and shaped the tumor immune landscape, with therapeutic implications for the treatment of ccRCC., Introduction Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents the most frequent subtype of RCC, accounting for approximately 75% of adult clinical cases (1, 2). ccRCC biology is unique due to [...]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Immunogenicity and safety of an ORF7-deficient skin-attenuated and neuro-attenuated live vaccine for varicella: a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 2a trial

Author

Pan, Hong-Xing, Qiu, Ling-Xian, Liang, Qi, Chen, Zhen, Zhang, Ming-Lei, Liu, Sheng, Zhong, Guo-Hua, Zhu, Kong-Xin, Liao, Meng-Jun, Hu, Jia-Lei, Li, Jia-Xue, Xu, Jin-Bo, Fan, Yong, Huang, Yue, Su, Ying-Ying, Huang, Shou-Jie, Wang, Wei, Han, Jin-Le, Jia, Ji-Zong, Zhu, Hua, Cheng, Tong, Ye, Xiang-Zhong, Li, Chang-Gui, Wu, Ting, Zhu, Feng-Cai, Zhang, Jun, and Xia, Ning-Shao

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. A lung-selective delivery of mRNA encoding broadly neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Wanbo Tai, Kai Yang, Yubin Liu, Ruofan Li, Shengyong Feng, Benjie Chai, Xinyu Zhuang, Shaolong Qi, Huicheng Shi, Zhida Liu, Jiaqi Lei, Enhao Ma, Weixiao Wang, Chongyu Tian, Ting Le, Jinyong Wang, Yunfeng Chen, Mingyao Tian, Ye Xiang, Guocan Yu, and Gong Cheng

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The respiratory system, especially the lung, is the key site of pathological injury induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the low feasibility of targeted delivery of antibodies into the lungs by intravenous administration and the short half-life period of antibodies in the lungs by intranasal or aerosolized immunization, mRNA encoding broadly neutralizing antibodies with lung-targeting capability can perfectly provide high-titer antibodies in lungs to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we firstly identify a human monoclonal antibody, 8-9D, with broad neutralizing potency against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The neutralization mechanism of this antibody is explained by the structural characteristics of 8-9D Fabs in complex with the Omicron BA.5 spike. In addition, we evaluate the efficacy of 8-9D using a safe and robust mRNA delivery platform and compare the performance of 8-9D when its mRNA is and is not selectively delivered to the lungs. The lung-selective delivery of the 8-9D mRNA enables the expression of neutralizing antibodies in the lungs which blocks the invasion of the virus, thus effectively protecting female K18-hACE2 transgenic mice from challenge with the Beta or Omicron BA.1 variant. Our work underscores the potential application of lung-selective mRNA antibodies in the prevention and treatment of infections caused by circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Towards Understanding the Effectiveness of Attention Mechanism

Author

Ye, Xiang, He, Zihang, Wang, Heng, and Li, Yong

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Attention Mechanism is a widely used method for improving the performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on computer vision tasks. Despite its pervasiveness, we have a poor understanding of what its effectiveness stems from. It is popularly believed that its effectiveness stems from the visual attention explanation, advocating focusing on the important part of input data rather than ingesting the entire input. In this paper, we find that there is only a weak consistency between the attention weights of features and their importance. Instead, we verify the crucial role of feature map multiplication in attention mechanism and uncover a fundamental impact of feature map multiplication on the learned landscapes of CNNs: with the high order non-linearity brought by the feature map multiplication, it played a regularization role on CNNs, which made them learn smoother and more stable landscapes near real samples compared to vanilla CNNs. This smoothness and stability induce a more predictive and stable behavior in-between real samples, and make CNNs generate better. Moreover, motivated by the proposed effectiveness of feature map multiplication, we design feature map multiplication network (FMMNet) by simply replacing the feature map addition in ResNet with feature map multiplication. FMMNet outperforms ResNet on various datasets, and this indicates that feature map multiplication plays a vital role in improving the performance even without finely designed attention mechanism in existing methods.

Published
2021

42. Cryo-EM structure of a bacteriophage M13 mini variant

Author

Qi Jia and Ye Xiang

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Filamentous bacteriophages package their circular, single stranded DNA genome with the major coat protein pVIII and the minor coat proteins pIII, pVII, pVI, and pIX. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of a ~500 Å long bacteriophage M13 mini variant. The distal ends of the mini phage are sealed by two cap-like complexes composed of the minor coat proteins. The top cap complex consists of pVII and pIX, both exhibiting a single helix structure. Arg33 of pVII and Glu29 of pIX, located on the inner surface of the cap, play a key role in recognizing the genome packaging signal. The bottom cap complex is formed by the hook-like structures of pIII and pVI, arranged in helix barrels. Most of the inner ssDNA genome adopts a double helix structure with a similar pitch to that of the A-form double-stranded DNA. These findings provide insights into the assembly of filamentous bacteriophages.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Anatomical and surgical characteristics correlate with pachymeningeal failure in patients with brain metastases after neurosurgical resection and adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery

Author

Kalyvas, Aristotelis, Gutierrez-Valencia, Enrique, Lau, Ruth, Ye, Xiang Y., O’Halloran, Philip J., Mohan, Nilesh, Wong, Christine, Millar, Barbara-Ann, Laperriere, Normand, Conrad, Tatiana, Berlin, Alejandro, Bernstein, Mark, Zadeh, Gelareh, Shultz, David B., and Kongkham, Paul

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results