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Activated sludge process is one of the most widely used processes for wastewater biological treatment. As the main by-product of activated sludge process，sludge with the high moisture content easily results in various problems such as the difficult transportation，high cost of resource utilization，and low calorific value. Therefore，it is necessary to conduct the sludge dewatering. Flocculation is widely used in sludge dewatering due to its unique advantages including simple operation，fast reaction rate，extensive application scope and excellent dewatering performance. The composition，advantages and disadvantages，and related flocculation mechanisms of various flocculants are introduced in detail. Subsequently，the preparation strategies of various flocculants and their application in sludge dewatering are systematically summarized. Finally，the outlooks of various flocculants on sludge dewatering are presented in order to provide a reference for future research on the application of flocculation technology on sludge dewatering.

Early visual deprivation is known to have profound consequences on the subsequent development of spatial visual processing. However, its impact on temporal processing is not well characterized. We have examined spatial and temporal contrast sensitivity functions following treatment for early and extended bilateral visual deprivation in fifteen children born with congenital cataracts in rural India. The results reveal a marked difference in post-treatment spatial and temporal sensitivities. Whereas spatial processing in newly sighted children is significantly impaired relative to age-matched controls, temporal processing exhibits remarkable resilience and is comparable to that in the control group. This difference in spatial and temporal outcomes is especially surprising given our computational analyses of video sequences which indicate a strong linkage between the spatial and temporal spectral content of natural visual inputs. We consider possible explanations for this discrepancy.

AimsThis study aimed to identify and synthesize the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of family-centered care in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to provide a reference for evidence-based Parkinson's disease nursing practice.MethodsThis scoping review follows the methodology framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. Four databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched. Barriers and facilitators were summarized based on the ecological family-centered model.ResultsThrough a comprehensive literature search, 35 studies were found for this scoping review. Barriers and facilitators to implementing family-centered care in PD included physiological factors, environmental factors, culturally based conflicts, living arrangements, education or skills training, group experiences, and individual and family consultations.ConclusionImplementing family-centered care in Parkinson's disease is essential to providing comprehensive care that improves outcomes for both PD patients and their family members.

We document new materials of Tungurictis Colbert, 1939, a basal hyaenid (hyena family), from the Junggar Basin in northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwestern China, and recognize a new species, T. peignei, n. sp., from the top of the Suosuoquan Formation through the top of the overlying Halamagai Formation. Associated upper and lower teeth, plus isolated lower jaws, are described, and collectively these span c. 17-14 Ma in local stratigraphic sections. The new species represents the smallest and most primitive form of Tungurictis, which gave rise to T. spocki Colbert, 1939 in the middle Miocene Tunggur Formation of Inner Mongolia. These two species of Tungurictis form an East Asian clade with slightly more hypercarnivorous dentition, in contrast to hypocarnivorous species of Protictitherium Kretzoi, 1938 in Europe and western Asia. This geographic divergence may reflect environmental differences between Europe and western Asia, on the one hand, and East Asia, on another.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with metaplastic changes in the pancreas but the transcriptional program underlying these changes is incompletely understood. The zinc finger transcription factor, PRDM3, is lowly expressed in normal pancreatic acini and its expression increases during tumorigenesis. Although PRDM3 promotes proliferation and migration of PDAC cell lines, the role of PRDM3 during tumor initiation from pancreatic acinar cells in vivo is unclear. In this study, we showed that high levels of PRDM3 expression in human pancreas was associated with pancreatitis, and well-differentiated but not poorly differentiated carcinoma. We examined PRDM3 function in pancreatic acinar cells during tumor formation and pancreatitis by inactivating Prdm3 using a conditional allele (Ptf1aCreER;Prdm3flox/flox mice) in the context of oncogenic Kras expression and supraphysiological cerulein injections, respectively. In Prdm3-deficient mice, KrasG12D-driven preneoplastic lesions were more abundant and progressed to high-grade precancerous lesions more rapidly. This is consistent with our observations that low levels of PRDM3 in human PDAC was correlated significantly with poorer survival in patient. Moreover, loss of Prdm3 in acinar cells elevated exocrine injury, enhanced immune cell activation and infiltration, and greatly increased acinar-to-ductal cell reprogramming upon cerulein-induced pancreatitis. Whole transcriptome analyses of Prdm3 knockout acini revealed that pathways involved in inflammatory response and Hif-1 signaling were significantly upregulated in Prdm3-depleted acinar cells. Taken together, our results suggest that Prdm3 favors the maintenance of acinar cell homeostasis through modulation of their response to inflammation and oncogenic Kras activation, and thus plays a previously unexpected suppressive role during PDAC initiation.

The theraphosid spider genus Chilobrachys Karsch, 1892 contains 30 species, almost entirely limited to Indochina, India, Sri Lanka and China. Six species of Chilobrachys are currently known from China: C. dominus Lin & Li, 2022 (Yunnan), C. guangxiensis (Yin & Tan, 2000) (Guangxi, Hainan), C. hubei Song & Zhao, 1988 (Hubei, Chongqing), C. jinchengi Lin & Li, 2022 (Tibet), C. liboensis Zhu & Zhang, 2008 (Guizhou, Guangxi) and C. lubricus Yu et al., 2021 (Yunnan).A new species, Chilobrachys qishuoi Lin & Li, sp. n., is described from Guangdong, China, on the basis of both sexes. This is the easternmost Chilobrachys species known. Photos and a morphological description of the new species are provided. Type materials are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS) in Beijing, China.

Troglomorphism is rare known in Mygalomorphae. Only three troglomorphic mygalomorphs have been recorded in China: Raveniola beelzebub Lin & Li, 2020, R. lamia Yu & Zhang, 2021 and Sinopesa gollum Lin & Li, 2021.A new troglobiontic species of the genus Raveniola is described from China: R. yangren sp. n. (female) from Hunan. Photos and morphological description of the new species are given.This new species has elongated appendages and degenerated eyes in order to adapt to the cave environment. It can be distinguished by the stubby, unbranched spermathecae from other Raveniola.

The genus Selenocosmia Ausserer, 1871 includes 39 species. Five species were known from China. This genus has not been found in south-eastern China.A new species of the genus Selenocosmia Ausserer, 1871 is described from China: Selenocosmia zhangzhengi Lin, sp. n. from Fujian. Photos and a morphological description of the new species are given. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beiing (IZCAS).

Haplocosmia Schmidt & von Wirth, 1996 is a small genus distributed in the Himalayas that includes two species. This genus has not been found in China (Li et al. 2021, Yao et al. 2021, Zhao et al. 2022).A new species of the genus Haplocosmia is described from China: Haplocosmia sherwoodae sp. n. from Tibet. Photos and a morphological description of the new species are given. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing (IZCAS).

The genus Cyclocosmia Ausserer, 1871 of the spider family Halonoproctidae Pocock, 1901 includes ten known species from North America and Asia. Since Cyclocosmia ricketti was described by Pocock in 1901, no males of this species have ever been reported.The male of Cyclocosmia ricketti is described for the first time, based on a specimen collected near the type locality in Fujian Province, China. A morphological description and illustrations are given.

Energy management strategy (EMS), as a core technology in fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), profoundly influences the lifespan of fuel cells and the economy of the vehicle. Aiming at the problem of the EMS of FCVs based on a global optimization algorithm not being applicable in real-time, a rule extraction-based EMS is proposed for fuel cell commercial vehicles. Based on the results of the dynamic programming (DP) algorithm in the CLTC-C cycle, the deep learning approach is employed to extract output power rules for fuel cell, leading to the establishment of a rule library. Using this library, a real-time applicable rule-based EMS is designed. The simulated driving platform is built in a CARLA, SUMO, and MATLAB/Simulink joint simulation environment. Simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy yields savings ranging from 3.64% to 8.96% in total costs when compared to the state machine-based strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]