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574 results on '"Yawo, Hiromu"'

1. Multimodal Functional Analysis Platform: 4. Optogenetics-Induced Oscillatory Activation to Explore Neural Circuits

Author

Mushiake, Hajime, Ohshiro, Tomokazu, Osawa, Shin-ichiro, Hosaka, Ryosuke, Katayama, Norihiro, Tanaka, Tetsu, Yawo, Hiromu, Osanai, Makoto, Crusio, Wim E., Series Editor, Dong, Haidong, Series Editor, Radeke, Heinfried H., Series Editor, Rezaei, Nima, Series Editor, Yawo, Hiromu, editor, Kandori, Hideki, editor, Koizumi, Amane, editor, and Kageyama, Ryoichiro, editor

Published
2021
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2. Application of Optogenetics for Muscle Cells and Stem Cells

Author

Asano, Toshifumi, Teh, Daniel Boon Loong, Yawo, Hiromu, Crusio, Wim E., Series Editor, Dong, Haidong, Series Editor, Radeke, Heinfried H., Series Editor, Rezaei, Nima, Series Editor, Yawo, Hiromu, editor, Kandori, Hideki, editor, Koizumi, Amane, editor, and Kageyama, Ryoichiro, editor

Published
2021
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20. Q

Author

Yawo, Hiromu, Binder, Marc D., editor, Hirokawa, Nobutaka, editor, and Windhorst, Uwe, editor

Published
2009
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29. Structural basis for [Na.sup.+] transport mechanism by a light-driven [Na.sup.+] pump

Author

Kato, Hideaki E., Inoue, Keiichi, Abe-Yoshizumi, Rei, Kato, Yoshitaka, Ono, Hikaru, Konno, Masae, Hososhima, Shoko, Ishizuka, Toru, Hoque, Mohammad Razuanul, Kunitomo, Hirofumi, Ito, Jumpei, Yoshizawa, Susumu, Yamashita, Keitaro, Takemoto, Mizuki, Nishizawa, Tomohiro, Taniguchi, Reiya, Kogure, Kazuhiro, Maturana, Andres D., Iino, Yuichi, Yawo, Hiromu, Ishitani, Ryuichiro, Kandori, Hideki, and Nureki, Osamu

Subjects
Identification and classification, Health aspects, Sodium channels -- Health aspects -- Identification and classification, Protein structure -- Identification and classification, Active biological transport -- Identification and classification, Biological transport, Active -- Identification and classification, Proteins -- Structure
Abstract

Many organisms capture light energy and information using the rhodopsin family of proteins, which comprise the heptahelical transmembrane (7-TM) proteins called opsins covalently linked to retinal. Based on their primary [...], Krokinobacter eikastus rhodopsin 2 (KR2) is the first light-driven [Na.sup.+] pump discovered, and is viewed as a potential next-generation optogenetics tool. Since the positively charged Schiff base proton, located within the ion-conducting pathway of all light-driven ion pumps, was thought to prohibit the transport of a non-proton cation, the discovery of KR2 raised the question of how it achieves [Na.sup.+] transport. Here we present crystal structures of KR2 under neutral and acidic conditions, which represent the resting and M-like intermediate states, respectively. Structural and spectroscopic analyses revealed the gating mechanism, whereby the flipping of Asp116 sequesters the Schiff base proton from the conducting pathway to facilitate [Na.sup.+] transport. Together with the structure-based engineering of the first light-driven [K.sup.+] pumps, electrophysiological assays in mammalian neurons and behavioural assays in a nematode, our studies reveal the molecular basis for light-driven non-proton cation pumps and thus provide a framework that may advance the development of next-generation optogenetics.

Published
2015
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38. Optogenetic stimulation of the auditory pathway

Author

Hernandez, Victor H., Gehrt, Anna, Reuter, Kirsten, Jing, Zhizi, Jeschke, Marcus, Schulz, Alejandro Mendoza, Hoch, Gerhard, Bartels, Matthias, Vogt, Gerhard, Garnham, Carolyn W., Yawo, Hiromu, Fukazawa, Yugo, Augustine, George J., Bamberg, Ernst, Kugler, Sebastian, Salditt, Tim, Hoz, Livia de, Strenzke, Nicola, and Moser, Tobias

Subjects
Physiological aspects, Research, Ear -- Physiological aspects, Hearing -- Research, Medical research, Neurons -- Physiological aspects, Medicine, Experimental
Abstract

Introduction The electrical cochlear implant (CI) is considered the most successful neuroprosthesis. Implanted in more than 200,000 hearing-impaired subjects worldwide, CIs enable open speech comprehension in the majority of users [...], Auditory prostheses can partially restore speech comprehension when hearing fails. Sound coding with current prostheses is based on electrical stimulation of auditory neurons and has limited frequency resolution due to broad current spread within the cochlea. In contrast, optical stimulation can be spatially confined, which may improve frequency resolution. Here, we used animal models to characterize optogenetic stimulation, which is the optical stimulation of neurons genetically engineered to express the light-gated ion channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). Optogenetic stimulation of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) activated the auditory pathway, as demonstrated by recordings of single neuron and neuronal population responses. Furthermore, optogenetic stimulation of SGNs restored auditory activity in deaf mice. Approximation of the spatial spread of cochlear excitation by recording local field potentials (LFPs) in the inferior colliculus in response to suprathreshold optical, acoustic, and electrical stimuli indicated that optogenetic stimulation achieves better frequency resolution than monopolar electrical stimulation. Virus-mediated expression of a ChR2 variant with greater light sensitivity in SGNs reduced the amount of light required for responses and allowed neuronal spiking following stimulation up to 60 Hz. Our study demonstrates a strategy for optogenetic stimulation of the auditory pathway in rodents and lays the groundwork for future applications of cochlear optogenetics in auditory research and prosthetics.

Published
2014
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42. Biorobotic Actuator with a Muscle Tissue Driven by a Photostimulation

Author

Shimizu, Masahiro, Yawata, Shintaro, Miyasaka, Kota, Miyamoto, Koichiro, Asano, Toshifumi, Yoshinobu, Tatsuo, Yawo, Hiromu, Ogura, Toshihiko, Ishiguro, Akio, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Goebel, Randy, editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, editor, Prescott, Tony J., editor, Lepora, Nathan F., editor, Mura, Anna, editor, and Verschure, Paul F. M. J., editor

Published
2012
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47. 10 Optogenetic analysis of mammalian neural circuits

Author

Oertner, Thomas G., primary, Helmchen, Fritjof, additional, Lecea, Luis de, additional, Beck, Heinz, additional, Konnerth, Arthur, additional, Kaupp, Benjamin, additional, Knöpfel, Thomas, additional, Yawo, Hiromu, additional, and Häusser, Michael, additional

Published
2013
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48. Red-Tuning of the Channelrhodopsin Spectrum Using Long Conjugated Retinal Analogues

Author

Shen, Yi-Chung, Sasaki, Toshikazu, Matsuyama, Take, Yamashita, Takahiro, Shichida, Yoshinori, Okitsu, Takashi, Yamano, Yumiko, Wada, Akimori, Ishizuka, Toru, Yawo, Hiromu, and Imamoto, Yasushi

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

As optogenetic studies become more popular, the demand for red-shifted channelrhodopsin is increasing, because blue-green light is highly scattered or absorbed by animal tissues. In this study, we developed a red-shifted channelrhodopsin by elongating the conjugated double-bond system of the native chromophore, all-trans-retinal (ATR1). Analogues of ATR1 and ATR2 (3, 4-didehydro-retinal) in which an extra C═C bond is inserted at different positions (C6–C7, C10–C11, and C14–C15) were synthesized and introduced into a widely used channelrhodopsin variant, C1C2 (a chimeric protein of channelrhodopsin-1 and channelrhodopsin-2 from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). C1C2 bearing these retinal analogues as chromophores showed broadened absorption spectra toward the long-wavelength side and photocycle intermediates similar to the conducting state of channelrhodopsin. However, the position of methyl groups on the retinal polyene chain influenced the yield of the pigment, absorption maximum, and photocycle pattern to a variable degree. The lack of a methyl group at position C9 of the analogues considerably decreased the yield of the pigment, whereas a methyl group at position C15 exhibited a large red-shift in the absorption spectra of the C1C2 analogue. Expansion of the chromophore binding pocket by mutation of aromatic residue Phe265 to Ala improved the yield of the pigment bearing elongated ATR1 analogues without a great alteration of the photocycle kinetics of C1C2. Our results show that elongation of the conjugated double-bond system of retinal is a promising strategy for improving the ability of channelrhodopsin to absorb long-wavelength light passing through the biological optical window.

Published
2018

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