Search

We propose a novel systematization of positron-decaying atomic nuclei, for which we first focus on determining the kinetic energy of the most energetic positron at the moment it is emitted from the nucleus. We find that this energy is inversely proportional to the number of nucleons A making up the nucleus. Further on, for A > 6 0 , we figure out that the measured kinetic energy of positrons detected in the laboratory turns out to be substantially less than what one would classically expect based on the electrical interaction between the nucleus and the positron, starting from the moment the latter gets emitted. We particularly disclose that the initial kinetic energy of the positron escaping from the nucleus can be formally negative at A > 6 0 , which indicates that the positron in question is not released from the classically conceived nuclear surface, but from much above the said surface. This requires the need to involve the quantum mechanical properties of the system composed of "the nucleus and the positron". Finally, we show how the half-life, mass, kinetic energy and size involved in positron-decay are interrelated in a way already established through Yarman's approach (YA) for polyatomic molecules and α -decaying nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yarman’s Approach, which serves as the basis of YARK gravitation theory (as abbreviated from “Yarman-Arık-Kholmetskii”), together with its recently developed extension QTG (Quantal Theory of Gravity), motivated us to question the suitability of Natural Units commonly used in Quantum Field Theory (QFT) and other areas of physics. That and the consensus of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) towards the establishment of “New SI” inspired us to explore an appropriate way of normalizing the metric system in order to make the utmost theoretical speed limit of light c and the Planck Constant h unities, as well as universal constants, respectively. Our metrological approach herein reveals that the correction factor k introduced to the retired definition of vacuum permeability µ0 — as extracted from an indiscriminate Fine-Structure Constant α value — does not suffice to align the computed α with the latest experimental measurements of α. One may therefore require a rectified value for the elementary charge e along with the need to restore its uncertainty digits. All this is especially relevant within the context of the 20 May 2019 international decision to fix the Planck Constant to a definite value while letting the kilogram vary instead. One thus remarkably ends up with the necessity to either restore the uncertainty parts of the elementary charge in contrast to the SI redefinition, or to recalculate the correction factor k that latterly appears in vacuum permeability, or both. Another far-reaching option is the idea of restituting the uncertainties for the Planck Constant and/or lightspeed too when SI is normalized and then re-normalized without disturbing the meaningfulness of the related physical dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We predict anomalous gravitational bending of gamma rays using the gravitational framework of Yarman's approach, abbreviated hereinafter as 'YARK' from the initials of the co-authors to designate their teamwork. In contrast to the metric layout of the general theory of relativity (GTR), YARK theory is founded directly on the energy conservation law pertaining to interaction between masses. Despite the fact that predictions made respectively by GTR and YARK regarding cornerstone astrophysical observations appear remarkably identical to each other, the philosophies behind them are irreconcilably different. To test which theory comes closer to the reality, one should propose ways to distinguish their success at the experimental level. Note that bending of light in GTR represents a purely metric effect, which cannot depend on the energy of photons, whereas YARK conceptually allows the deflection of photons across a gravitational environment contingent upon either their wave-like or corpuscular-like behavior. In the case of 'wave-like propagation', which we deem particular to low-energy photons (including the visible range), YARK arrives at the same results as GTR; whereas for high-energy gamma-quanta, which we deem to signify 'corpuscular-like propagation', the deflection in a gravitational field practically vanishes in YARK. Given this opportunity to test YARK theory against GTR, we discuss possible experimental setups relevant to the subject. Key words: gravitational bending of light, YARK gravitation theory, general theory of relativity. Nous predisons une deflexion anomale des rayons gamma en utilisant le cadre gravitationnel dit approche de Yarman (YA), abreviation YARK pour souligner les noms des co-auteurs. Contrairement au cadre metrique de la relativite generale (GTR), la theorie YARK est fondee directement sur la loi de conservation de l'energie pertinente a l'interaction entre les masses. Malgre le fait que les predictions faites par GTR et YARK sur les mesures astrophysiques les plus marquantes soient remarquablement identiques, les philosophies qui les soutiennent sont irreconciliables. Afin de verifier quelle theorie est la plus proche de la realite physique, il faut trouver une facon de les distinguer au niveau experimental. Notons que la deflexion de la lumiere en GTR est un effet purement geometrique qui ne peut dependre de l'energie des photons, alors que YARK predit une deflexion de la lumiere qui peut varier selon que la lumiere est du type onde ou du type particule. Dans le cas du comportement onde, qui s'applique mieux aux photons de basse energie (incluant le visible), YARK et GTE donnent le meme resultat. Par contre pour le comportement du type particule, mieux associe aux photons de haute energie, YARK ne predit pratiquement aucune deflexion. Etant donnee cette difference, nous discutons ici d'un test possible entre les deux theories. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: deflexion gravitationnelle de la lumiere, theorie YARK de la gravite, theorie de la relativite generale. PACS No.: 04.20.-q., 1. Introduction Yarman's approach (YA), which describes gravitational interaction for any plausible celestial setup, was originally presented in refs. 1-8, and has since been further developed with the participation of [...]

We herein show that the classical Pound-Rebka (P-R) result is furnished within the framework of Yarman-Arik-Kholmetskii gravitation theory, which we will call YARK in short, in terms of the energy shift of resonant [gamma]-radiation under Earth's gravitational field. Previous successes of YARK in satisfactorily dealing with the precession of the perihelion of Mercury, gravitational redshift, Shapiro delay, lensing effect, anomalous light-bending of gamma quanta, dark energy, accelerated cosmic expansion, analytical derivation of the Hubble constant, and additional time dilation in Mossbauer rotor setups makes it further applicable to past experiments like P-R that has so far been thought to validate the general theory of relativity (GTR). We discuss the P-R outcome of YARK and compare it with what is furnished by GTR. Key words: YARK gravitation theory, Pound and Rebka experiment, general theory of relativity. Nous montrons ici que les resultats classiques de Pound-Rebka (P-R) sont reproduits dans le cadre de la theorie de la gravitation de Yarman-Arik-Kholmestkii, appelee ici YARK, en termes du deplacement en energie de la radiation [gamma] resonante dans le champ de gravite de la Terre. Les succes passes de la theorie YARK pour decrire la precession de la perihelie de Mercure, le deplacement vers le rouge gravitationnel, le delai de Shapiro, l'effet de lentille, la courbure anomale de la trajectoire des rayons [gamma], l'energie sombre, l'expansion cosmique acceleree, la derivation analytique de la constante de Hubble et la dilation temporelle additionnelle dans les rotors de Mossbauer, la rendent encore plus applicable aux experiences passees, comme P-R qu'on croyait jusqu'a maintenant valider la theorie generale de la relativite (TGR). Nous discutons l'apparition de P-R dans YARK et la comparons avec le resultat fourni par TGR. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: theorie de la gravitation YARK, l'experience de Pound et Rebka, la theorie de la relativite generale. PACS No.: 95.30.Sf., 1. Introduction We have been asked on different occasions whether Yarman-Arik-Kholmetskii (YARK) gravitation theory--which is erected on the original foundation long ago advanced by Yarman--satisfactorily yields the Pound and Rebka [...]

We continue to analyze the implications of the gravitational framework of our theoretical approach, christened YARK (abbreviated from Yarman-Arik-Kholmetskii), with respect to super-massive celestial bodies. We emphasize in particular that a gravitating test particle in the presence of a ponderable mass must adhere to the law of energy conservation, which remarkably does not yield any singularity according to YARK. Even so, for a given spherically shaped extremely compact super-massive body, one can achieve a theoretical radius below which 'light' of, say, the visible frequency range can indeed be trapped. Yet, such a radius comes out to be tens of times shorter than the threshold radius for black hole formation as established by the general theory of relativity (GTR). In accordance with our derivations, the minimal mass for a celestial object capable of recapturing emitted light in its environs--similar to textbook 'intermediate class black holes'--is found to be about [10.sup.3]MS, where MS stands for the mass of the Sun. For less massive celestial objects, the crucial radius that produces a 'YARK black hole' (i.e., without singularity) corresponds to a higher density than the density of a baryon; and hence, such entities cannot apparently exist in nature. Black holes allowed therefore in our approach are not related, in any case, to the singularity conceptualization of GTR. As a consequence, we are able to present a resolution to the 'black hole information paradox'. The findings of YARK will be discussed hereinafter with regards to the foundations of observational cosmology. Key words: black hole, singularity, event horizon, general theory of relativity, YARK theory, Yarman's Approach. Nous continuons a analyser les implications du cadre gravitationnel de notre approche theorique, baptisee YARK (pour Yarman-Arik-Kholmestkii), applicable aux corps celestes super-massifs. Nous soulignons en particulier le fait qu'une particule test gravitant autour d'une masse ponderable doit obeir a la loi de conservation de l'energie qui, remarquablement, ne montre aucune singularite dans le cadre YARK. Malgre tout, pour un corps super-massif extremement compact de symetrie spherique, on peut trouver un rayon theorique sous lequel de la lumiere, disons visible, serait captive. Neanmoins, ce rayon est des dizaines de fois plus court que le rayon seuil de formation d'un trou noir tel que donne par la relativite generale (GTR). Dans notre modele, nous calculons que la masse minimale pour qu'un objet celeste soit capable de capturer de la lumiere dans ses environs--similaire a la classe intermediaire de trous noirs des manuels scolaires--est de l'ordre de [10.sup.3] MS ou MS est la masse du soleil. Pour des objets celestes moins massifs, le rayon critique qui produit un trou noir YARK (sans singularite) correspond a une densite plus elevee que celle d'un hadron et, de ce fait, ne semble pas pouvoir exister dans la nature. Les trous noirs prevus dans notre approche n'ont aucun rapport avec ceux de la GTR qui resultent d'une singularite. Comme consequence, nous sommes capables de presenter une solution au paradoxe de l'information (dans le trou noir). Nous discutons ci-dessous les consequences de YARK sur les fondements de la cosmologie observationnelle. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : trou noir, singularite, horizon des evenements, theorie de la relativite generale, theorie YARK, approche de Yarman. PACS Nos.: 95.30.Sf, 1. Introduction General theory of relativity (GTR) predicts the existence of black holes in the Universe owing to singularity of spatial metric in the case of a radially symmetric gravitational [...]

We examine how Lorentz Symmetry (LS) breaks down in Yarman-Arik-Kholmetskii (YARK) theory of gravitation through an entirely different mechanism than that under metric theories of gravity. Said mechanism can be right away extended to all other fields of interaction under Yarman's Approach that forms the basis of YARK theory. The result is the disclosure of a new "Generalized Lorentz Group" of space-time transformations which contains an additional parameter denoting the interactional energy per unit mass. Hence, the core finding herein is that the Minkowskian metric for an empty space-time should, when one is in the presence of gravity or any other force field, be replaced by general equalities involving a novel coupling parameter for either attraction or repulsion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An extra energy shift between emitted and received radiation on a rotating disc - next to the conventionally recognised second-order Doppler shift - has been revealed in a series of recentMössbauer experiments, where a radioactive source is fixed at the centre and an absorber is attached to the rim of the rotating disc. This disclosure gives indication to a possible violation of the "clock hypothesis" by Einstein: i.e. the independence of the rate of a clock on its acceleration. At the moment, there seem to be two plausible interpretations of this result: (i) the deviation of the geometry of the rotating disc from that predicted by the general theory of relativity (GTR), or (ii) the existence of a specific maximal acceleration in nature, when transformation between two accelerated frames differs from the corresponding transformation of the relativity theory. We take a closer look at both ways leading to the violation of the clock hypothesis; particularly, by analysing the outcomes of recent experiments in rotating systems and by suggesting a new Mössbauer rotor experiment to determine the most feasible mechanism for testing the dependence of the rate of a clock on its acceleration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In previous studies, we provided a novel systematization of -decaying even-even and even-odd nuclei starting with the classically adopted mechanism [T. Yarman et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 52 (2016) 140; Eur. Phys. J. A 53 (2017) 4]. Knowing beforehand the measured decay half-life, we had taken as a parameter the probability of the -particle as being first born in a unit period of time, within the parent nucleus before it is emitted out. We thence developed a scaffold based on shell properties of families composed of 'alike nuclei'. Along the same line, we now present a systematization of odd-even ( OE) as well as odd-odd ( OO) nuclei. We apply our approach further to the investigation of the effect of pairing (e.g., the effect when the number of nucleons is increased by one neutron), and that of unpairing (e.g., the effect when the number of nucleons is decreased by one neutron); thus it becomes an even number for the case of odd- even nuclei Case OE, and an odd number in the case of odd-odd nuclei Case OO . For the first case OE, we pick the exemplar set Re, Fr, Bk, Db; where we delineate by, respectively, Re, Fr, Bk, and Db all of the odd- even or odd- odd isotopes that neighbor the four mentioned odd- even isotopes on the proposed scaffold. We proceed in the same way for the second case OO . Thus, we choose the exemplar set of odd- odd nuclei Ir, Ac, Es. We then gather all of the Ir, Ac, and Es odd- odd and odd- even isotopes that neighbor the three mentioned odd- odd isotopes on the proposed scaffold. We show that, in the former case, pairing, as expected, generally increases stability of the given nucleus; and in the latter case, unpairing works in just the opposite direction - i.e., it generally increases instability. We disclose ' stability peaks' versus for both sets of nuclei, we tackle here. Furthermore, we present a study to highlight an outlook of ' odd-A nuclei' at hand. Contrary to the general expectation, we unveil no systematic on that. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the early 20th century, various theories have been advanced in order to mathematically explain and notate modes of Traditional Turkish music known as maqams. In this article, maqam scales according to various theoretical models based on different tunings are compared with pitch measurements obtained from select recordings of master Turkish performers in order to study their level of match with analysed data. Chosen recordings are subjected to a fully computerized sequence of signal processing algorithms for the automatic determination of the set of relative pitches for each maqam scale: f0 estimation, histogram computation, tonic detection + histogram alignment, and peak picking. For nine well-recognized maqams, automatically derived relative pitches are compared with scale tones defined by theoretical models using quantitative distance measures. We analyse and interpret histogram peaks based on these measures to find the theoretical models most conforming with all the recordings, and hence, with the quotidian performance trends influenced by them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]