21 results on '"Yardım, Mahmut"'
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2. Perceptions of Obesity Prevention Policies: Socioeconomic Assessment in the Turkish Capital
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Haley, Sean J., Li, Sheng, Uner, Sarp, Arslan, Umut, Konşuk Unlu, Hande, Yardim, Mahmut S., Bilir, Nazmi, Araz, Ozgur M., Ozcebe, Hilal H., and Huang, Terry T.-K.
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- 2019
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3. Equity in access to care in the era of health system reforms in Turkey
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Yardim, Mahmut S. and Uner, Sarp
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- 2018
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4. Sağlıkta Şiddet: Bir Tıp Fakültesinin Öğrencilerinin Bakış Açısıyla Nedenleri, Etkileri ve Çözüm Önerileri
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Tanalı, Gizem, primary, Peker, Ummahan, additional, Çopur, Çağatay, additional, Şahin, Barış Can, additional, Dalgıç, Büşra, additional, Önel, Berivan, additional, Yemez, Rabia, additional, Sünbül, Fevzi, additional, Başaran, Beyza Nur, additional, Gündüz, Nilgün Gamze, additional, Karaosman, Ezgi Naz, additional, Erkaya, Rukiye, additional, Sivrikaya, Buğra, additional, Çoban, Tülin, additional, Başpınar, Anıl, additional, Aksu, Kaan, additional, Yardım, Mahmut Sadi, additional, and Özcebe, Hilal, additional
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- 2023
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5. Body image dissatisfaction among school children in Turkey and its potential effect on body esteem
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Arslan, Umut Ece, primary, Araz, Özgür Merih, additional, Özcebe, Hilal, additional, Üner, Sarp, additional, Ünlü, Hande Konşuk, additional, Yardım, Mahmut Saadi, additional, and Huang, Terry T-K, additional
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- 2023
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6. Financial protection in health in Turkey: the effects of the Health Transformation Programme
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Yardim, Mahmut S, Cilingiroglu, Nesrin, and Yardim, Nazan
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- 2014
7. Catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment in Turkey
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Yardim, Mahmut Saadi, Cilingiroglu, Nesrin, and Yardim, Nazan
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- 2010
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8. Association of Parents’ Body Esteem and Body Mass Index with Children’s Body Esteem and BMI: A Study from Turkey
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Özcebe, Hilal, primary, Arslan, Umut Ece, additional, Üner, Sarp, additional, Araz, Özgür, additional, Konsuk Ünlü, Hande, additional, Yardım, Mahmut, additional, Bilir, Nazmi, additional, and T-K Huang, Terry, additional
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- 2020
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9. Tobacco Containing Scenes in Some Selected Turkish Movies Released Between 1992 and 2016.
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Erik, Hanife Ece, Colaklar, Merve, Yildiz, Egemen, Gülçek, Aişe Esra, Percin, Bilgin, Aktas, Cağlar, Özbeyaz, Cağrı, Sebnem Tokmak, Fati Gözde, Çuha, Mervenur Demir, Doğru, Mustafa, Ercan, Polat, Kuzu, Aslı, Özbek, Deniz Aral, Dölek, Eda, Koç, Fadime Eda, Solak, Büşra, Yardım, Mahmut, and Özcebe, Hilal
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SMOKING prevention ,MOTION pictures ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,TIME ,ADVERTISING ,CONTENT mining ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,TOBACCO products ,WORLD Wide Web - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Movies are among the most widely used media for advertising, promotional, and sponsorship activities of the tobacco industry, and the industry has been making huge investments in this sector for many years. In this study, the effects of movie scenes depicting the use of tobacco products, and the possible effects of the laws governing such scenes, were examined. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample of the study consisted of 50 films, the first 2 of which were the most watched each year, between the years 1992 and 2016, according to the data of the Center for Turkish Cinema Studies and the boxofficeturkiye.com websites. The scenes depicting the use of tobacco products were analyzed using the data collection form developed by the researchers. Each movie was evaluated separately by 2 researchers. RESULTS: A tobacco product was used in 82% of the 50 films watched. Men (87%), individuals between the ages of 25 and 64 (78.0%), and leading actors (40%) used more tobacco products, and the most frequently used product was the cigarette (93.1%). The number and duration of scenes containing tobacco was greater by 1.6 times before the first law was passed, and between the passage of the first law and the passage of the second law (P > .05, P > .05). The number and duration of the scenes decreased between the passage of the first and the second laws and after the second law was passed, by 3.6 and 5.3 times, respectively (P < .05, P < .05). CONCLUSION: Consistent and comprehensive tobacco control policies have been effective in reducing the number of scenes that contain tobacco in the movies produced in Turkey. A comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach is required to overcome the tobacco industry's impact on cinema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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10. Bir Lisenin 10. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Sağlığı Geliştirme Davranışlarının Bazı Faktörler İle İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
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Ercan, Tuğba Meliha Fatma, primary, Genç, Zehra, additional, Rustamli, Subhan, additional, Demir, Tuğba, additional, Tataroğlu, Özgür Deniz, additional, Altun, Mehmet Emin, additional, Turan, Merve, additional, Dağdaş, Ahmet Doğukan, additional, Özel, Tayfun, additional, Tik, Hüseyin, additional, Yeşilalan, Burak, additional, Pul, Merve, additional, Yardım, Mahmut Saadi, additional, and Özcebe, Lütfiye Hilal, additional
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- 2019
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11. Ayaktan tanı ve tedavi başvurularında hasta başına kaç dakika ayrılmalıdır?
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Yardım, Mahmut and Eser, Erhan
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Tanı-tedavi,muayene süresi,sağlık bakım kalitesi ,Outpatient care,visit length,quality of care - Abstract
This report was prepared aiming to review national and international literature aboutoutpatient visit length with leading consequences, as well as to stimulate an evidence baseddiscussion on this topic in Turkey. The relevant literature was investigated under three topics:First topic was about the length of outpatient visits in different countries, the second topic wasabout quality of care.The last topic was related with the effects of time pressure on health care providers such asefficiency, job satisfaction and patient satisfaction. International literature showed thatoutpatient visit length should not be less than 10 minutes and in complex situations this spanshould be expanded., Bu yazı, ayaktan tanı ve tedavi başvurularına ayrılan süreler ve bunun yol açtığı sonuçlarkonusunda ulusal ve uluslararası düzeydeki bilgi birikimini derlemek ve ülkemizdeki ayaktanbaşvuru süreleri ile ilgili tartışmanın daha nesnel kanıtlar üzerinden yapılmasına olanaktanımak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Derlemede kaynaklar üç temel başlık altında incelenmiştir: İlkolarak birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerindeki ayaktan tanı ve tedavi hizmetlerinde çeşitliülkelerde, başvuru başına ayrılan süreler irdelenmiştir. İkinci başlık altında hizmet sunumundaortaya çıkan nitel sorunlar incelenmiştir. Üçüncü başlık altında hekimler üzerindeki zamanbaskısının, hekimlerin iş verimliliği, iş doyumu ve hasta hoşnutluğu üzerinde yol açtığı sonuçlarincelenmiştir. Uluslararası kaynaklara göre değerlendirildiğinde ayaktan başvuru sürelerinin 10dakikadan az olmaması gerektiğini, ancak karmaşık tıbbi durumlar göz önüne alındığında busürenin daha da artması gerektiği sonucuna varılabilir. 
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- 2017
12. Evaluation of Tobacco Product-Selling Websites Accessed Using Search Engines.
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Çoban, Tülin, İncesoy, Araz Ceren, Demir, Baran, Karabiber, Ekinsu, Gül, Özen, Çoban, Özgür, Tosun, Selin, Gölbaşı, Selva Dilan, Güvenir, Sıla, Yardım, Mahmut, and Özcebe, Hilal
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ADVERTISING ,INTERNET ,RESEARCH methodology ,SALES personnel ,WORLD Wide Web ,EMAIL ,ELECTRONIC commerce ,SEARCH engines ,TOBACCO products ,SOCIAL media ,ELECTRONIC cigarettes ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Although the sale of electronic (e)-cigarettes and "I Quit Ordinary Smoking" (IQOS) is completely prohibited in Turkey, it is observed that tobacco products are sold on the internet. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted between February 11 and 15, 2019, using three search engines (Google, Yandex, and Yaani) in Turkey. All combinations obtained with the keywords (wrapping tobacco, cigarette, hookah, pigtail, cigar, pipe, e-cigarette, snuff, and IQOS) and appendices (sale, price, and shipping) were searched; 2,160 links were scanned. The contents obtained from 130 different URLs were evaluated. RESULTS: The most sold product was e-cigarettes (41.2%) and the least sold one was cigarettes (2.5%). Websites contained 500 phone numbers (79%), live support (32.8%), e-mail addresses (67.2%), and postal addresses (42.9%) for communication. Approximately half of the sites had routing tabs to social media. These websites offered some payment facilities (credit card/debit card, 64.7%; money order/electronic funds transfer (EFT), 37.8%; payment at the door, 54.6%) and contained encouraging texts (61.3%) and misinformation (42.9%). More number of websites selling e-cigarettes or IQOS had the campaign sales (89.3% vs 63.6%; p=0.001), possibility of shipping (98.7% vs 86.4%; p<0.05), and false information about the harmlessness of the tobacco products (61.3% vs 11.4%; p<0.001) compared with websites selling other products. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to show that the tobacco industry is breaking the laws, and the websites which sell tobacco products are easily accessible to the internet users. It is necessary to strengthen the electronic commerce monitoring and control in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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13. Evde sağlıklı beslenme önündeki engeller ölçeği Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliği.
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Güzel, Aysun, Üner, Sarp, Ünlü, Hande Konşuk, Yardım, Mahmut Sadi, Aslan, Umut Ece, Araz, Özgür, Bilir, Nazmi, Huang, Terry, and Özcebe, Hilal
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CONFIRMATORY factor analysis ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,LOW-fat foods ,GOODNESS-of-fit tests ,BIRTHPARENTS - Abstract
Copyright of Turkish Journal of Public Health is the property of Turkish Journal of Public Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2020
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14. Ayaktan tanı ve tedavi başvurularında hasta başına kaç dakika ayrılmalıdır?
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Yardım, Mahmut, primary and Eser, Erhan, additional
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- 2017
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15. Türkiye'de Hekim Dağılımında Coğrafi Farklılıklar.
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Yardım, Mahmut S. and Üner, Sarp
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HUMAN geography , *GENERAL practitioners , *REGIONAL disparities , *GINI coefficient - Abstract
AIM: In this study, it was aimed to demonstrate the geographic imbalances of human resources for health of Turkey, in the case of physicians by using some inequality indicators emphasizing the generally neglected concept, equity. METHOD: Inequality in geographic distribution of physicians and equity was evaluated by using Lorenz and concentration curves and Gini and Gini based indices. Under-five mortality per population was used as a proxy indicator for the health care need of the population. Geographic units were the provinces of Turkey. RESULTS: Gini Index for the physician distribution among the provinces in 2010 was calculated as 0.14. Ranking the population from the lowest through the highest physician density, the first quintile of the population had 13.6% of the total physicians, in contrast they had 32.9% of under-five deaths. The fifth quintile had 28.0% of physicians but they had only 13.8% of under-five deaths. Kakwani Progressivity Index for under-five deaths was -0.34. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the geographic distributional disparities can be quantified by using Kakwani Progressivity Index on an equitable basis. Not only the health manpower density but also the different health care need indicators should be taken into account in the planning of human resources for health and the achievements should be monitored by the methods used in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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16. Assessment of Attitudes and Behaviours of Taxi-Drivers in Ankara on the Smoking Ban in Cabs.
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Bilir, Nazmi, Yardım, Mahmut S., Alışık, Murat, Arpat, Onur, Atalay, Yahya, and Aydoğan, Batuhan
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Objective: In this descriptive study, it was aimed to assess attitudes and behaviours of some taxi-drivers in Ankara on the smoking ban in cabs under the Law of Preventing the Harmful effects of Tobacco Products. Material and Methods: Face to face interviews were done with 277 taxi-drivers by visiting taxi stations in Altındag and Çankaya districts. Additionally, breath carbon monoxide levels were measured in some drivers after obtaining their informed consent. As a part of this study, the actual smoking status of the drivers and/or clients were recorded by observing the travelling taxies on the junctions of the main streets of the two districts of Ankara. Results: Sixty-four percent of taxi drivers (177 of 277) were current smokers. The majority of these current smokers (108 of 177; 61.0%) reported that they also smoked in the cabs. While more than half of the respondents (55.2%) supported the smoking ban in the cabs, one third (33.2%) of the drivers strongly disagreed with this legislation. Among the taxi drivers, there was an agreement on supporting the smoking bans in certain public places like court halls and the town bus stations (80.2% and 73.6% respectively), but on the other hand, they were less supportive of the bans in cafes and restaurants, particularly serving alcoholic drink (41.5% and 32.9% respectively). Non-smoker drivers supported the smoking ban legislations more. Conclusion: Findings showed that compliance with the items of the Law which ban smoking in the cabs, were not sufficient.In daily life many traffic policemen are responsible for the regulation of the traffic. It will be efficacious in the eradication of smoke from the cabs, if these traffic police are informed about their authorization and duty on the tobacco control, including fining the taxi drivers who ignore the smoking ban legislation.(Turk Toraks Derg 2012; 13: 141-5) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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17. Ankara İlindeki Bazı Taksi Şoförlerinin Taksilerde Sigara Yasağı Konusundaki Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi.
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Bilir, Nazmi, Yardım, Mahmut S., Alışık, Murat, Arpat, Onur, Atalay, Yahya, and Aydoğan, Batuhan
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SMOKING prevention ,AUTOMOBILE driving ,INTERVIEWING ,LEGISLATION ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL care ,PATIENTS ,SERIAL publications ,SMOKING ,GOVERNMENT regulation - Abstract
Copyright of Turkish Thoracic Journal / Turk Toraks Dergisi is the property of Aves Yayincilik Ltd. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2012
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18. Bir Grup Lise Öğrencisinin Sigara Paketleri Üzerinde Bulunması Planlanan Birleşik (Yazılı ve Resimli) Uyarı Mesajlarının Etkililiği Hakkındaki Gærüşleri
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Bayrak, Burcu, Bilir, Nazmi, Yardım, Mahmut Sadi, Gürkan, Huleyde, Karakullukçuoğlu, Zeynel, and Kaya, Adnan
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WARNING labels ,HIGH school students ,ADOLESCENT smoking ,SMOKING cessation ,PREGNANT women ,WOMEN'S tobacco use ,LIKERT scale - Abstract
Copyright of Turkish Thoracic Journal / Turk Toraks Dergisi is the property of Aves Yayincilik Ltd. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
19. Factors affecting response time of emergency ambulance service except for traffic congession in Ankara province
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Altiner, Ali Osman, Yardım, Mahmut Saadi, Acil Tıp, and Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı
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Emergency medical services ,afet ,Ambulances ,acil sağlık hizmetleri ,ambulans ,Konu Başlıkları Listesi::Tıp::Halk sağlığı::Afetler ,Health services ,112 Emergency Call Center ,İlk ve Acil Yardım ,Emergency medicine ,Traffic ,Health services research ,Ankara ,yanıt süresi ,Emergency and First Aid ,Emergency service-hospital - Abstract
Altıner,A.O., Factors Affecting Response Time Of Emergency Ambulance Service Except For Traffic Congession İn Ankara, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Healt Sciences Master Thesis Healt Management in Disasters, Ankara, 2019. Every step in the first minutes following the occurrence of the incident requiring emergency care means choosing between life and death in the pre-hospital emergency health services and disasters. Response time, the period until ambulance arrives the case, is a term used to determine arrival speed of pre-hospital emergency health care services to the patient. In this study, factors affecting the ambulance response time apart from the traffic were examined and it was aimed to determine the factors that extend the access to the cases and to contribute to improvement process of these factors. Study was designed on two groups in 112 Emergency Health Care Service in Ankara Province. The first group of participants was the directors of Ankara Emergency Health Care Stations who were questioned about their experiences about the factors affecting access to the patient / injured. Besides, the factors affecting the ambulance response time through disaster scenarios were questioned. Second group of participants were the team directors of stations selected by convenience sampling and the cases within 24-hour-duty were taken as samples. According to responses of first group three most important factors were reporting incorrect address, unreadable building numbers and barriers of gardens. Negative factors were reported more in the second group (Case numbers: 202, positive factors: 29, negative factors:110). The most common reported positive factor was the bystander that directing team to the address. The most common negative factors were reporting incorrect address and bad road-weather conditions when excluding traffic. It was also questioned whether there was a need for first aid in cases and if so, whether it was applied. It was determined that first aid was not applied to %74.8 of the cases in need. Public trainings should be planned in order to eliminate reporting incorrect address, which is the most common negative factor. In open field cases, dispatcher should collaborate for getting the most accurate address with closed-ended questions. The building numbers should be in standard shape and size and placed in visible position. Controls should be augmented in frame with related regulation. In the surveys conducted on possible disaster scenarios, the most frequent factor affecting the response time of the ambulance at the time of disaster in a central area was chaos at the scene, and the most frequent factor affecting the response time of the ambulance in a disaster was found to be damaged and closed roads in a peripheral area. Due to the high number of casualties, the provision of emergency health services may be disrupted in natural and man-made disasters. It is thought that these factors can be solved through disaster drills and community awareness programs about disaster situations. Altıner,A.O., Ankara İlinde Acil Yardım Ambulansının Yanıt Süresine Trafik Yoğunluğu Dışında Etki Eden Faktörler, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Afetlerde Sağlık Yönetimi Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi,Ankara,2019. Afetlerde ve hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmetlerinde, acil bakım gerektiren olayın meydana gelişini takip eden ilk dakikalarda atılacak her adım, ölümle yaşam arasında seçim yapmak demektir. Ambulansın vakaya ulaşma süresi, diğer bir deyişle yanıt süresi, hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmetinin hastaya ulaşma hızını belirlemek için kullanılan bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmada trafik yoğunluğu dışında ambulans yanıt süresine etki eden faktörler sorgulanarak vakaya ulaşmayı geciktiren faktörlerin tespiti ve sonrasında bu faktörlerin iyileştirilmesine yönelik sürece katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Ankara ilinde 112 Acil Sağlık Hizmetleri personelinin bulunduğu iki grup üzerinde yapılmıştır. İlk grup katılımcı Ankara İli Acil Yardım İstasyon sorumluları olup bu gruba hasta/yaralıya ulaşmayı etkileyen faktörler konusunda kendi deneyimleri sorulmuştur. Ayrıca afet senaryoları üzerinden ambulans yanıt süresini etkileyebilecek faktörler sorgulanmıştır. İkinci grubun çalışma evrenini acil çağrı vakaları oluşturmaktadır. İkinci grupta, uygunluk örneklemiyle seçilen istasyonların ekip sorumlularının 24 saatlik görevleri esnasında gittikleri vakalar örnek olarak alınmıştır. İlk grubun yanıtlarına göre vakaya ulaşmayı en çok etkileyen üç neden adresin yanlış bildirilmesi, bina numaralarının görünür yerde olmaması ve dış bahçe bariyeri olarak belirlenmiştir. Acil çağrı vakalarının evrenini oluşturduğu diğer grupta olumsuz etken daha çok bildirilmiştir (vaka sayısı: 202, olumlu etken: 29, olumsuz etken: 110). Sokağa çıkan, ekibi adrese yönlendiren hasta/yaralı yakını en sık bildirilen olumlu etkendir. Trafik dışlandığı zaman adresin düzgün verilmemesi en sık, yol ve hava şartları ikinci sık olumsuz etken olarak belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca vakalarda ilk yardım ihtiyacının olup olmadığı, var ise uygulanıp uygulanmadığı da sorgulanmıştır. İlk yardım ihtiyacı olan vakaların %74,8’ine ilk yardım uygulanmadığı tespit edilmiştir. En sık görülen olumsuz etken olarak karşımıza çıkan, yanlış adres bildirimini ortadan kaldırabilmek için halk eğitimleri planlanmalıdır. Açık alan vakalarında ise çağrı karşılayıcı kapalı uçlu sorular ile en doğru adresi almaya yardımcı olmalıdır. Bina numaraları standart biçim ve boyutta olmalı, görünebilir yerlere asılmalıdır. Konu ile ilgili yönetmelik çerçevesinde denetimler daha da sıkılaştırılmalıdır. Olası afet senaryoları üzerinden yapılan anketlerde ise merkezi bir alanda afet anında ambulansın yanıt süresine en sık etki eden faktör olay yerinde kaos olması, periferde meydana gelen bir afet de ise ambulansın yanıt süresine en sık etki eden faktör bozuk ve kapatılmış, kapanmış yollar olarak bulunmuştur. Acil sağlık hizmetleri sunumu yaralı sayısının fazla olması nedeniyle doğal ve insan kaynaklı afetlerde aksayabilir. Afet tatbikatları ve toplum bilgilendirmeleri ile bu etmenlerin çözülebileceği düşünülmektedir.
- Published
- 2019
20. Evaluation of health enhancing physical activity by using the data of the time use survey 2006 Turkey
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Börekçi, Demet, Yardım, Mahmut Saadi, Halk Sağlığı, and Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı
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Questionnaires ,sağlığı geliştirici fiziksel aktivite ,metabolik eşdeğer (MET) ,Halk Sağlığı ,zaman kullanım anketi ,Physical activity ,Effect process ,etki büyüklüğü ,Health promotion ,Public Health ,Time management ,Konu Başlıkları Listesi::Tıp ,Time - Abstract
Borekci, D., Evaluation of Health Enhancing Physical Activity by Using The Data of The Time Use Survey 2006. Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences Department of Public Health Master Dissertation, Ankara, 2019. In the scope of Turkish Statistictical Institute Time Use Survey 2006 (TUS-2006), 5070 house 11 thousand 815 household has been reached. In a sample that is resembling Turkey, household were asked to record daily activities during one designated weekday and weekend days for each houses and data set was gathered by coding in computer. This dissertation was planned as a seconder analysis of tha micro data set of the TUS-2006. By converting physical activity levels of the participants in metabolic equivalent (MET) values, health-enhancing physical activity levels were evaluated. For this evaluation, activities that is recorded in minutes were multiplied with the values from American Time Use Survey Compendium of Physical Activities. Activities with the metabolic equivalent that is more than 3 MET were taken into account. One-way ANOVA, effect size and lineer regression analysis was conducted with confidence interval of 95%. According to results concerning to weekday values, being female, being in 25-44 years age group, to have worked in a paid job in the last week, having primary school and less education level, living in rural region, having good percieved health status, and being in the least wealth level were found to be among the characteristics that increase health-enhancing physical activity levels. By using the data of TUS which are also started to be done regularly in our country, defining the factors affecting health-enhancing physical activity, establishing policies on this topic and evaluating of the effect of the policies by monitoring the trend of changes in time will be possible. From this scope this dissertation is an attempt of foundation of the basis of the methodology for the following researches on this topic. Key words: health-enhancing physical activity, time use survey, effect size, metabolic equivalent (MET), Turkey Borekci, D., Evaluation of Health Enhancing Physical Activity by Using The Data of The Time Use Survey 2006. Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences Department of Public Health Master Dissertation, Ankara, 2019. In the scope of Turkish Statistictical Institute Time Use Survey 2006 (TUS-2006), 5070 house 11 thousand 815 household has been reached. In a sample that is resembling Turkey, household were asked to record daily activities during one designated weekday and weekend days for each houses and data set was gathered by coding in computer. This dissertation was planned as a seconder analysis of tha micro data set of the TUS-2006. By converting physical activity levels of the participants in metabolic equivalent (MET) values, health-enhancing physical activity levels were evaluated. For this evaluation, activities that is recorded in minutes were multiplied with the values from American Time Use Survey Compendium of Physical Activities. Activities with the metabolic equivalent that is more than 3 MET were taken into account. One-way ANOVA, effect size and lineer regression analysis was conducted with confidence interval of 95%. According to results concerning to weekday values, being female, being in 25-44 years age group, to have worked in a paid job in the last week, having primary school and less education level, living in rural region, having good percieved health status, and being in the least wealth level were found to be among the characteristics that increase health-enhancing physical activity levels. By using the data of TUS which are also started to be done regularly in our country, defining the factors affecting health-enhancing physical activity, establishing policies on this topic and evaluating of the effect of the policies by monitoring the trend of changes in time will be possible. From this scope this dissertation is an attempt of foundation of the basis of the methodology for the following researches on this topic. Key words: health-enhancing physical activity, time use survey, effect size, metabolic equivalent (MET), Turkey Börekçi, D., Türkiye Zaman Kullanım Anketi 2006 Verilerinin Sağlığı Geliştirici Fiziksel Aktivite Açısından Analizi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Halk Sağlığı Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara, 2019. Türkiye İstatististik Kurumu Zaman Kullanım Anketi 2006 (ZKA-2006) kapsamında Türkiye genelinde 5070 haneye ve hanelerde yaşayan 11 bin 815 hanehalkına ulaşılmıştır. Türkiye’yi temsil eden bir örneklemde kişilerin hafta içi ve hafta sonu birer gün zarfında zamanlarını nasıl geçirdiklerini verilen günlüklere kaydetmeleri istenmiş ve elde edilen bu veriler kodlanarak veri tabanı oluşturulmuştur. Bu tez çalışması ZKA-2006 mikro veri setinin sekonder analizi olarak planlanmıştır. Katılımcıların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri, metabolik eşdeğerlerine (MET) çevirilerek sağlığı geliştirici fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme için, dakika cinsinden kaydedilen aktivitelerin süreleri, Amerikan Zaman Kullanım Çalışmaları, Fiziksel Aktiviteler Özet Listesinden Metabolik Eşdeğer (MET) cinsinden değerlerle çarpılmıştır. Hesaplamalara 3 MET ve üzeri aktiviteler katılmış, yüzde 95 güven aralığı esas alınarak tek yönlü varyans analizi, etki büyüklüğü ve lineer regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Hafta içi günler dikkate alındığında kadın olmak, 25-45 yaş grubunda bulunmak, son bir haftada ücretli bir işte çalışmış olmak, ilkokul ve altı eğitim düzeyine sahip bulunmak, kırsal kesimde yaşıyor olmak, iyi algılanan sağlık durumuna sahip olmak, ve en düşük refah düzeyinde yer almak sağlığı geliştirici fiziksel aktiviteyi arttıran özellikler olarak saptanmıştır. Ülkemizde de düzenli olarak yapılmaya başlanan ZKA verilerini kullanarak sağlığı geliştirici fiziksel aktiviteyi etkileyen faktörleri tespit etmek ve bu konuda politikalar geliştirmek ve zaman içerisinde meydana gelen değişim trendini inceleyerek bu politikaların etkisini ortaya koymak mümkün olacaktır. Bu tez çalışması bu anlamda bir metodolojik çalışma olarak ileriki çalışmalara bir temel oluşturma girişimidir. Anahtar kelimeler: sağlığı geliştirici fiziksel aktivite, etki büyüklüğü, metabolik eşdeğer (MET), zaman kullanım anketi
- Published
- 2019
21. Türkiye'deki şartlı nakit transferlerinin bazı sağlık göstergeleri üzerine olası etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi
- Author
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Kara, Tuncay, Yardım, Mahmut Saadi, and Diğer
- Subjects
Halk Sağlığı ,Public health ,Turkey ,Health ,Population ,Health services research ,Public Health ,Poverty ,Health policy - Abstract
1990'lardan itibaren Dünya'da uygulanmaya başlayan Şartlı Nakit Transferi, yoksullukla mücadele yöntemlerinden biri olarak bilinir. Uygulamanın temelinde özellikle sağlık ve eğitim konusunda yatırım yaparak gelecek nesillerin daha sağlıklı ve eğitimli olması ile beşeri sermayenin iyileştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım çocuk ve ana sağlığına yönelik koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin gerekliliklerinin yerine getirilmesi durumunda, aile içinde anneye nakit para ödemesini içerir. Türkiye'de Dünya Bankasının desteği ile 2001 yılı sonunda `Şartlı Nakit Transferi Programı` uygulamaya konulmuştur. Programın uygulanmasına 2003 yılında aşamalı olarak ve 2004 yılından itibaren yurt genelinde başlanmıştır. Türkiye'de `Şartlı Nakit Transferi`(ŞNT) uygulamasında en yoksul %6'lık gelir diliminde yer alan bireylere ulaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Pilot uygulaması dahil olmak üzere, 2002-2009 yılları arasında Dünya Bankası kredisi ile finanse edilen bu program, 2009'dan sonra Türkiye'nin öz kaynaklarıyla sürdürülmektedir. Bu konuya özel veri olmadığından, bu tezde Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırmaları kapsamında toplanan veriler, dolaylı değerlendirme ile analiz edilmiştir. ŞNT takip değişkenlerinin, uygulama öncesi ve sonrası (1993-1998-2003-2008 yılları içindeki) sıklıklarının tanımlayıcı olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Aynı sosyo-ekonomik dilimdeki bireyler arası etkileşimin yüksek olabileceği, en yoksul %6'daki bireylerin en yoksul %20 içinde yer değiştirebileceği düşünülerek çıkarsamalar için en yoksul %20'lik dilime odaklanılmıştır. Bu grubun verilerinin ikinci %20'lik dilimle karşılaştırılarak ŞNT'den sağlık hizmetlerinde etkilenme durumu değerlendirilmiştir. 2008 yılının verileri, ŞNT uygulamasının başlamadığı bir dönem olan 1998 ve 2003 yılllarının verileri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırma bilgisayar ortamında SPSS® programında verilerin yeniden analizi temelinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma son beş yılda doğum yapan anneler ve son doğan çocuklara ait verilerle ŞNT programlarında hedeflenen anne sağlığı ve çocuk sağlığıyla ilgili hizmet kullanımına ilişkin göstergeler üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Gebelik döneminde hekimler ve hemşirelerden hizmet alma durumu, gebeliğin ilk 3 ayında gebeliğe ilişkin sağlık hizmeti alma ve doğum yapılan yer gibi değişkenler ile aşılar kapsamında BCG, DBT, Polio ve Kızamık aşılarının yapılma durumları, bu aşıların tarih bilgilerinin aşı kartlarında olması durumları, çocuk sağlığına ilişkin değişkenler olarak ele alınmıştır. En yoksul %20'lik dilim ile ikinci %20'lik dilimin (yoksul) sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanma yüzdelerindeki 1998 ve 2008 yılları arasında değişim yüzdeleri benzer olup, 2003 ve 2008 yılları arasında farklılık bulunmaktadır. Bu farklılık çocukların aşılanma yüzdelerinde en yoksul %20'lik dilimin lehine olmuştur. 2008 yılı verilerinde en yoksul kesimin antenatal bakım ve doğum hizmetlerinden yararlanma düzeylerindeki değişim yüzdesi yoksul kesime göre daha az artmıştır. ŞNT'nin çocuk sağlığı hizmetlerinin alımına katkısının olduğu düşünülebilir, ancak bu tez çalışması, ikincil veri analizi olup ŞNT'ye ilişkin bilgi, veri içinde yer almamaktadır, dikkatli yorumlanmalıdır. ŞNT'ni değerlendirmek için en yoksul gruba özgün araştırmaların ve kadın sağlığına yönelik çalışmaların yapılması gerekmektedir. Since 1990s Conditional Cash Transfers to be implemented in the world, and it is known as one of the methods of combating poverty. On the basis, it is aimed to make human capital better, through investing on education and health topics. This approach includes paying cash to mother in family, in case of realizing necessities of maternal and children health. In Turkey, Conditional Cash Tansfer Programs were started with the support of World Bank and put in to practice at the end of 2001 and gradually in 2003 and since 2004 it has been implemented throughout the country. Turkey has targeted to reach individuals who are in the poorest 6% in Conditional Cash Transfer application. This program, funded by World Bank loans between 2002-2009, then since 2009 is continuing with Turkey's own resources. As there is no data in the field covered by the study, it is taken into consideration Turkey Demographic and Health Survey data was reanalyzed. It was aimed to evaluate the identifier variable to track of variable frequencies for 1993-1998-2003-2008 years data before and after the CCT application. In study, it has been focused on the poorest 20% of population because at the same socio-economic zone there may interpersonal interaction will be high, then considered to be replace in the poorest 6% of individuals in the poorest 20%. Affected situation from CCT application compared through groups' data with second 20% slice. 2008 year' data compared with a term which has no CCT implication as 1998 and 2003 years' data. Study was conducted with SPSS® software via reanalysing. In study was implemeted with data of mothers who delivered in last 5 years and kids who were born in last 5 years related of targets of CCT in mother and children health. Some indicators were handled in study as situation of taking service from physicians and nurses in pre-natal term, detecting pregnancy in first 3 months and delivering place, BCG,DBT,Polio and Measles vaccination rates. The poorest 20% slice and second (poor) 20% slice' usage levels of services are similar in 1998 and 2008, but there is differences in 2003 and 2008 years. This difference was advantage for childrens vaccination rates in the poorest 20% slice. With comparing poor slice, the poorest slice' usage of services related to antenatal term increased less in 2008. It would be though CCT application has contribution on children health but this study was conducted via second data analysis and that data which not includes data related to CCT, then results must been commented carefully. To assess CCT, studies related with poorest slice and woman health should been conducted. 137
- Published
- 2016
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