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Mononuclear NiL complex was prepared by the use of bis-N,N'-salicylidene-1,3-propanediamine and Ni(II) salts. NiL was treated with ZnBr2 and pyrazole and 3,5-lutidine coligands in a dioxane medium to prepare the following diheteronuclear complexes: [NiL·ZnBr2·(pyrazole)2] and [NiL·ZnBr2·(3,5-lutidine)2]. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, TG, IR and mass spectrometry. The effects of heterocyclic one- and two- nitrogen atoms containing co-ligands were also examined. Theoretical formation enthalpies, dipole moments and the relative levels of HOMO and LUMO energies were determined by the use of Gaussian09 program. The occupancy levels of the atomic orbitals were determined by the NBO analysis of Gaussian09. The effect of pyrazole and lutidine upon the complex formation was evaluated by the use of X-ray diffraction, TG and theoretical calculations. NiL complex with lutidine forms a square pyramidal conformation since lutidine is a much stronger coligand than pyrazole.

Three new nitrogen-rich energetic compounds, N-(5-chloro-2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazine (1), N-(5-chloro-2,4-dinitrophenyl)guanidine (2) and N-(5-chloro-2,4-dinitrophenyl)-4-aminopyrazole (3) prepared by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1,3-dichloro-4,6-dinitrobenzene with hydrazine, guanidinium carbonate and 4-aminopyrazole. The compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy. Only compound 2 could be prepared in a suitable crystal and molecular model was determined by X-ray analysis. Compounds were investigated by TG and DSC. Thermal degradation and thermokinetic behavior were investigated by Ozawa–Flynn–Wall and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose techniques. Compounds were observed to be prone to exothermical thermal decomposition. HOMO and LUMO levels, theoretical formation enthalpy and electrostatic maps were calculated by Gaussian09. The detonation velocity and pressure were calculated by Kamlet–Jacobs equation. The compounds were assayed for antimicrobial properties.

Azotça zengin, yeni nesil çevre dostu 1(3-klorofenil)-1H-tetrazol maddesi sentezlenmiş ve yapısı Tek kristal X- ışını kırınımı, 1H-NMR, Kızılötesi spektroskopisi, Diferansiyel Taramalı Kalorimetre ile karakterize edilmiştir. Crystal Explorer 17 programı kullanılarak hesaplanan 1(3-klorofenil)-1H-tetrazol kristalinin Hirshfeld yüzey analizi sonucunda moleküller arası etkileşimlerinin C...C (% 8.6), C...H (% 4.6), N...H (% 19.4), N...N (% 19.4), Cl...H (% 12.7) ve H...H (% 12.5) atomları arasında olduğu görülmüştür. Kütle kaybı, teorik hesaplamalar ve DSC cihazında ölçülen ısı dikkate alınarak termokinetik analizi yapıldığında maddenin ekzotermik bir tepkimeyle termal olarak bozunduğu ve en olası termal parçalanma ürünlerinin 3-klorofenil radikali ve tetrazol radikali olduğu belirlenmiştir. EXPLO5 V6.03 programı kullanılarak patlama hızı 4409 m/s, patlama basıncı 5.4 GPa ve oksijen dengesi -141.742 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan bu yeni azotça zengin enerjik madde çalışması ile maddenin kristal yoğunluğu, oksijen dengesi, erime noktası, ayrışma sıcaklığı, termokinetik analizi, patlama performansı (hız, basınç) gibi önemli fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Tasarlan yeni nesil enerjik madde çevre dostu maddelere alternatif bir enerjik madde örneği sunmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, gelecekteki yeni nesil enerjik materyallerin tasarımında önemli bir hususu vurgulamaktadır.

The sediment chronology was determined using Lead-210 (Pb) and Cesium-137 (Cs) dating method. Profile distributions of Polonium-210 (Po) and Pb were evaluated with regarding to sediment porosity, core location, bottom currents and prevalent winds. Max. Po and Pb activity concentrations are found as 193.83 ± 4.43 and 187.84 ± 4.84 Bq kg respectively. According to vertical radionuclide (Po/Pb) ratios, sediments especially in east part of the lake are rich with respect to the fecal pellets. Residence time of the Pb is calculated as 1.9 months in the lake. Average sedimentation rate (0.359 ± 0.012 cm year) in central area is higher than the near shore (0.137 ± 0.006 cm year) one in Lake Bafa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A radiological survey of the granitoid areas throughoutWestern Anatolia was conducted during 2007-14. As a part of this radiological survey, this article presents results obtained from Eğrigöz pluton, which lies in the northeastern region of Western Anatolia. In the investigated area, the activity measurements of the natural gamma-emitting radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) in the granitic rock samples and soils have been carried out by means of the NaI(TI) gamma-ray spectrometry system. The activity concentrations of the relevant natural radionuclides in the granite samples appeared in the ranges as follows: 226Ra, 28-95 Bq kg-1; 232Th, 50-122 Bq kg-1 and 40K, 782-1365 Bq kg-1, while the typical ranges of the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activities in the soil samples were found to be 7-184, 11-174 and 149-1622 Bq kg-1, respectively. Based on the available data, the radiation hazard parameters associated with the surveyed rocks/soils are calculated. The corresponding absorbed dose rates in air from all those radionuclides were always much lower than 200 nGy h-1 and did not exceed the typical range of worldwide average values noted in the UNSCEAR (2000) report. Furthermore, the data are also used for the mapping of the surface soil activity of natural radionuclides and the corresponding gamma dose rates of the surveyed area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

European Union is funding a 7th Framework Program Project named Food Labeling to Advance Better Education for Life (FLABEL) in 27 European countries and Turkey for the years 2008-2011. The second work package of this project entails consumer perception and evaluation of information on food labels. For this work package, an experiment was pursued in Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Business, Turkey. The respondents were shown food labels that they have seen before or have never seen before which are frequently used in different European countries. The study uses experiment and questionnaire methods. For the collection and storage of experimental work, an eye-tracker device connected to a special computer and relevant computer programs were used. The results of the study in Turkey demonstrate that respondents do not have sufficient information and experience in the perception and evaluation of nutrition values on food labels. There is no previous study on food labels and healthy nutrition in Turkey using eye-tracking devices. This study is a first attempt in applying the eye tracking experiment to explore consumers’ choice for healthy food.

The major objective of this study is to measure the low level210Pb activity as quantitative indicator of210Po as well as providing a convenient method with a NaI(TI) detector using the standard addition method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxoplasma gondii causes congenital toxoplasmosis in newborns resulting with fetal anomalies. Determining the initiation time of infection is very important for pregnant women and current serological assays have drawbacks in distinguishing the recently acute toxoplasmosis. Diagnosis of recently acute infection may be improved by using stage specific antigens in serological assays. In the present study, the diagnostic value of sporozoite specific SporoSAG, bradyzoite specific BAG1 proteins and GRA1 protein expressed by all forms of the parasite have been evaluated ELISA using sera systematically collected from mice administered orally with tissue cyst and oocysts. The anti-SporoSAG IgM antibodies in sera obtained from mice infected with oocysts peaked significantly at days 1, 10, and 15 (P

All humans are exposed to radon, the primary source of natural radiation, which can harm people due to natural processes rather than human activity. Thus, it is of significant importance to determine the levels of radon in indoor, soil gas, water, and outdoors. Radon concentration (C Rn ) was measured in Kiraz district, İzmir, and the correlation between the indoor and soil gas C Rn values was investigated. The indoor C Rn values measured in 40 randomly selected dwellings in Kiraz exhibited a wide range from 19.50 ± 2.50 to 204.70 ± 8.00 Bq m -3 with an average value of 61.11 ± 4.23 Bq m -3 . The measured indoor C Rn values were compared to the reference levels in the world to help control radon in the dwellings. Indoor C Rn values were lower than the ICRP reference level of 300 Bq m -3 in all of the dwellings studied. Furthermore, in 34 dwellings (representing 85% of the total number of dwellings studied), indoor C Rn values were lower than the WHO reference level of 100 Bq m -3 . Health hazard indices, namely annual effective dose (AED) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), were also calculated for each dwelling and compared with internationally acceptable levels to estimate the risk to human health. The AED values varied from 0.49 ± 0.06 to 5.16 ± 0.20 mSv y -1 with an average value of 1.54 ± 0.11 mSv y -1 , which exceeds the world average of 1.15 mSv y -1 as reported by UNSCEAR. The ELCR values ranged from 2.05 ± 0.26 × 10 -3 to 21.55 ± 0.84 × 10 -3 with an average value of 6.43 ± 0.44 × 10 -3 , exceeding the world average of 0.29 × 10 -3 as reported by UNSCEAR. The soil gas C Rn values measured exhibited a wide variation ranging from 129.25 ± 6.38 Bq m -3 to 6172.64 ± 44.06 Bq m -3 with an average value of 1291.79 ± 18.70 Bq m -3 . The soil gas C Rn values were less than 10,000 Bq m -3 ; hence, the research area is categorized as "low radon risk areas" according to Sweden Criteria, and so no special constructions are required in the studied area. When soil gas C Rn values were compared to indoor C Rn values, no linear relationship was found between the C Rn values. However, a strong positive linear correlation was found between indoor and soil gas C Rn values less than 200 Bq m -3 and 2500 Bq m -3 , respectively., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)