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9,343 results on '"Yao, H"'

1. A Comprehensive Investigation of Environmental Influences on Galaxies in Group Environments

Author

Van Kempen, W., Cluver, M. E., Jarrett, T. H., Croton, D. J., Lambert, T. S., Kilborn, V. A., Taylor, E. N., Magoulas, C., and Yao, H. F. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Environment has long been known to impact the evolution of galaxies, but disentangling its effects from mass evolution requires careful analysis of statistically significant samples. By implementing advanced visualisation methods to test group-finding algorithms, we utilise a mass-complete sample of galaxies to z < 0.1, comprising spectroscopic redshifts from prominent surveys such as the 2dFGRS and GAMA. Our group-finding methods identify 1,413 galaxy groups made up of 8,990 galaxies, corresponding to 36% of galaxies associated with group environments. We also search for close pairs, with separations of $r_{sep}$ < 50 h$^{-1}$ kpc and $v_{sep}$ < 500 km/s, and classify them into major ($M_{sec}/M_{prim} \leq$ 0.25) and minor ($M_{sec}/M_{prim}$ > 0.25) pairs. To examine the impact of environmental factors, we employ bespoke WISE photometry to derive a star-forming main sequence relation that shows star-formation (SF) within galaxies is pre-processed as a function of group membership. Our analysis reveals that SF in galaxies is pre-processed as a function of group membership. We observe an increase in the fraction of quiescent galaxies relative to the field as group membership rises, quantified using the environmental quenching efficiency metric ($\epsilon_{env}$). Within the star-forming population, we detect pre-processing with the relative difference in specific SF rates (${\Delta} sSFR$), showing a net decrease in SF as group membership increases, particularly at larger stellar masses. Our sample of close pairs at low stellar masses shows enhanced SF efficiencies compared to the field, while at larger masses, deficiencies are evident. Our results indicate that the small-scale environments of galaxies influence SF properties, demonstrating that galaxies do not evolve in isolation over cosmic time but are shaped by complex interactions between internal dynamics and external influences., Comment: Accepted by PASA 17/10/2024. 24 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables. Abridged abstract

Published
2024

2. Hadronic cross section measurements with the DAMPE space mission using 20GeV-10TeV cosmic-ray protons and $^4$He

Author

Alemanno, F., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cagnoli, I., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Coppin, P., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Di Giovanni, A., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, Y. Z., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. H., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Putti-Garcia, E., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Sarkar, R., Savina, P., Serpolla, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, E. H., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Precise direct cosmic-ray (CR) measurements provide an important probe to study the energetic particle sources in our Galaxy, and the interstellar environment through which these particles propagate. Uncertainties on hadronic models, ion-nucleon cross sections in particular, are currently the limiting factor towards obtaining more accurate CR ion flux measurements with calorimetric space-based experiments. We present an energy-dependent measurement of the inelastic cross section of protons and helium-4 nuclei (alpha particles) on a Bi$_4$Ge$_3$O$_{12}$ target, using 88 months of data collected by the DAMPE space mission. The kinetic energy range per nucleon of the measurement points ranges from 18 GeV to 9 TeV for protons, and from 5 GeV/n to 3 TeV/n for helium-4 nuclei. Our results lead to a significant improvement of the CR flux normalisation. In the case of helium-4, these results correspond to the first cross section measurements on a heavy target material at energies above 10 GeV/n., Comment: 17 pages, submitted to PRD

Published
2024

3. Observation of vortex stripes in UTe$_2$

Author

Wang, Y. F., Yao, H. X., Winyard, T., Broyles, Christopher, Gould, Shannon, He, Q. S., Zhang, P. H., Yao, K. Z., Zhu, J. J., Xiang, B. K., Liang, K. Y., Li, Z. J., Chen, B. R., Zhou, Q. Z., Agterberg, D. F., Babaev, E., Ran, S., and Wang, Y. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Quantum vortices are fundamentally important for properties of superconductors. In conventional type-II superconductor they determine the magnetic response of the system and tend to form regular lattices. UTe$_2$ is a recently discovered heavy fermion superconductor exhibiting many anomalous macroscopic behaviors. However, the question whether it has a multicomponent order parameter remains open. Here, we study magnetic properties of UTe$_2$ by employing scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy. We find vortex behavior which is very different from that in ordinary superconductors. We imaged vortices generated by cooling in magnetic field applied along different crystalline directions. While a small out-of-plane magnetic field produces typical isolated vortices, higher field generates vortex stripe patterns which evolve with vortex density. The stripes form at different locations and along different directions in the surface plane when the vortices are crystalized along the crystalline b or c axes. The behavior is reproduced by our simulation based on an anisotropic two-component order parameter. This study shows that UTe$_2$ has a nontrivial disparity of multiple length scales, placing constraints on multicomponent superconductivity. The tendency of vortex stripe formation and their control by external field may be useful in fluxonics applications.

Published
2024

4. Observation of single-quantum vortex splitting in the Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ superconductor

Author

Zhou, Q. Z., Chen, B. R., Xiang, B. K., Timoshuk, I., Garaud, J., Li, Y., Liang, K. Y., He, Q. S., Li, Z. J., Zhang, P. H., Yao, K. Z., Yao, H. X., Babaev, E., Grinenko, V., and Wang, Y. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Since their theoretical discovery more than a half-century ago, vortices observed in bulk superconductors have carried a quantized value of magnetic flux determined only by fundamental constants. A recent experiment reported 'unquantized' quantum vortices carrying the same fraction of flux quantum in Ba$_{0.23}$K$_{0.77}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ in a small temperature range below its superconducting critical temperature ($T_C$). Here, we use scanning superconducting quantum interference device (sSQUID) microscopy with improved sensitivity to investigate the genesis of fractional vortices in Ba$_{0.23}$K$_{0.77}$Fe$_2$As$_2$. We report the direct observation of a single-flux quantum vortex splitting into two different fractions with increasing temperature. The flux of the two fractions has opposite dependence on temperature, while the total flux sums up to one flux quantum despite their spatial separation. Overall, our study shows the existence of different fractional vortices and their stability in temperature ranging from 0.1 to 0.99 $T_C$. Besides the implications of this observation for the fundamental question of quantum vorticity, the discovery of these objects paves the way for the new platform for anyon quasiparticles and applications for fractional fluxonics.

Published
2024

5. Measurement of Electron Antineutrino Oscillation Amplitude and Frequency via Neutron Capture on Hydrogen at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay collaboration, An, F. P., Bai, W. D., Balantekin, A. B., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Z. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. -C., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, X. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Duyang, H. Y., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. X., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, B. Z., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mandujano, R. C., Marshall, C., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nguyen, T. M. T., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Russell, B., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zavadskyi, V., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R. Z., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This Letter reports the first measurement of the oscillation amplitude and frequency of reactor antineutrinos at Daya Bay via neutron capture on hydrogen using 1958 days of data. With over 3.6 million signal candidates, an optimized candidate selection, improved treatment of backgrounds and efficiencies, refined energy calibration, and an energy response model for the capture-on-hydrogen sensitive region, the relative $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rates and energy spectra variation among the near and far detectors gives $\mathrm{sin}^22\theta_{13} = 0.0759_{-0.0049}^{+0.0050}$ and $\Delta m^2_{32} = (2.72^{+0.14}_{-0.15})\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$ assuming the normal neutrino mass ordering, and $\Delta m^2_{32} = (-2.83^{+0.15}_{-0.14})\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$ for the inverted neutrino mass ordering. This estimate of $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}$ is consistent with and essentially independent from the one obtained using the capture-on-gadolinium sample at Daya Bay. The combination of these two results yields $\mathrm{sin}^22\theta_{13}= 0.0833\pm0.0022$, which represents an 8% relative improvement in precision regarding the Daya Bay full 3158-day capture-on-gadolinium result.

Published
2024
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6. Search for a sub-eV sterile neutrino using Daya Bay's full dataset

Author

An, F. P., Bai, W. D., Balantekin, A. B., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Z. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. C., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, X. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Dugas, K. V., Duyang, H. Y., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. X., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, B. Z., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mandujano, R. C., Marshall, C., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nguyen, T. M. T., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Russell, B., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zavadskyi, V., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R. Z., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This Letter presents results of a search for the mixing of a sub-eV sterile neutrino with three active neutrinos based on the full data sample of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment, collected during 3158 days of detector operation, which contains $5.55 \times 10^{6}$ reactor \anue candidates identified as inverse beta-decay interactions followed by neutron-capture on gadolinium. The analysis benefits from a doubling of the statistics of our previous result and from improvements of several important systematic uncertainties. No significant oscillation due to mixing of a sub-eV sterile neutrino with active neutrinos was found. Exclusion limits are set by both Feldman-Cousins and CLs methods. Light sterile neutrino mixing with $\sin^2 2\theta_{14} \gtrsim 0.01$ can be excluded at 95\% confidence level in the region of $0.01$ eV$^2 \lesssim |\Delta m^{2}_{41}| \lesssim 0.1 $ eV$^2$. This result represents the world-leading constraints in the region of $2 \times 10^{-4}$ eV$^2 \lesssim |\Delta m^{2}_{41}| \lesssim 0.2 $ eV$^2$., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table

Published
2024

8. First measurement of the yield of $^8$He isotopes produced in liquid scintillator by cosmic-ray muons at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Bai, W. D., Balantekin, A. B., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Z. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. C., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, X. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Dugas, K. V., Duyang, H. Y., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. X., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, B. Z., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mandujano, R. C., Marshall, C., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nguyen, T. M. T., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Russell, B., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zavadskyi, V., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R. Z., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Daya Bay presents the first measurement of cosmogenic $^8$He isotope production in liquid scintillator, using an innovative method for identifying cascade decays of $^8$He and its child isotope, $^8$Li. We also measure the production yield of $^9$Li isotopes using well-established methodology. The results, in units of 10$^{-8}\mu^{-1}$g$^{-1}$cm$^{2}$, are 0.307$\pm$0.042, 0.341$\pm$0.040, and 0.546$\pm$0.076 for $^8$He, and 6.73$\pm$0.73, 6.75$\pm$0.70, and 13.74$\pm$0.82 for $^9$Li at average muon energies of 63.9~GeV, 64.7~GeV, and 143.0~GeV, respectively. The measured production rate of $^8$He isotopes is more than an order of magnitude lower than any other measurement of cosmogenic isotope production. It replaces the results of previous attempts to determine the ratio of $^8$He to $^9$Li production that yielded a wide range of limits from 0 to 30\%. The results provide future liquid-scintillator-based experiments with improved ability to predict cosmogenic backgrounds.

Published
2024

9. Charged-current non-standard neutrino interactions at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay collaboration, An, F. P., Bai, W. D., Balantekin, A. B., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Z. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. C., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, X. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Dugas, K. V., Duyang, H. Y., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. X., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, B. Z., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mandujano, R. C., Marshall, C., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nguyen, T. M. T., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Russell, B., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zavadskyi, V., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R. Z., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The full data set of the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is used to probe the effect of the charged current non-standard interactions (CC-NSI) on neutrino oscillation experiments. Two different approaches are applied and constraints on the corresponding CC-NSI parameters are obtained with the neutrino flux taken from the Huber-Mueller model with a $5\%$ uncertainty. For the quantum mechanics-based approach (QM-NSI), the constraints on the CC-NSI parameters $\epsilon_{e\alpha}$ and $\epsilon_{e\alpha}^{s}$ are extracted with and without the assumption that the effects of the new physics are the same in the production and detection processes, respectively. The approach based on the weak effective field theory (WEFT-NSI) deals with four types of CC-NSI represented by the parameters $[\varepsilon_{X}]_{e\alpha}$. For both approaches, the results for the CC-NSI parameters are shown for cases with various fixed values of the CC-NSI and the Dirac CP-violating phases, and when they are allowed to vary freely. We find that constraints on the QM-NSI parameters $\epsilon_{e\alpha}$ and $\epsilon_{e\alpha}^{s}$ from the Daya Bay experiment alone can reach the order $\mathcal{O}(0.01)$ for the former and $\mathcal{O}(0.1)$ for the latter, while for WEFT-NSI parameters $[\varepsilon_{X}]_{e\alpha}$, we obtain $\mathcal{O}(0.1)$ for both cases., Comment: 25 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables; 36 pages, format changed, references added

Published
2024

11. Prospective Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in the Treatment of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Author

Wang C, Zhao X, Wang K, Liang H, Chen S, Liu Y, Yao H, and Jiang J

Subjects
disseminated intravascular coagulation, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, anticoagulant therapy, neutrophil extracellular traps, macrophage polarization, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Chengran Wang,&ast; Xiaoqing Zhao,&ast; Keyan Wang, Huixin Liang, Shuhan Chen, Yajie Liu, Hua Yao, Jinlan Jiang Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hua Yao; Jinlan Jiang, Department of Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130033, People’s Republic of China, Tel\Fax +86-13596102816, Email yao_hua@jlu.edu.cn; jiangjinlan@jlu.edu.cnAbstract: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is an acquired disorder characterized by systemic activation of blood coagulation, which can arise from various causes. Owing to its abrupt onset, rapid progression, and high mortality rate, DIC presents a major clinical challenge. Anticoagulant drugs, such as heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin, are the current gold standard of treatment; however, these interventions pose considerable bleeding risks. Thus, safer and more effective therapeutic strategies are urgently required. Owing to their strong anti-inflammatory and tissue repair capabilities, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have gained considerable attention as novel therapeutic options for numerous disorders, including DIC. Their stability in diverse pathological states highlights their potential as promising candidates for DIC therapy. This review presents the latest insights on the pathogenesis of DIC and anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties of MSC-Exos. We aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which MSC-Exos influence DIC pathogenesis. We speculate that MSC-Exos offer a multifaceted approach to DIC treatment by attenuating neutrophil extracellular trap formation, modulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization, altering Nrf2/NF-κB signalling pathway to downregulate pro-inflammatory factors, and correcting imbalances in the coagulation-fibrinolysis system through anticoagulant routes. This suggests that MSC-Exos are a potential paradigm in DIC therapy, offering novel targets and treatment modalities for DIC management. Keywords: disseminated intravascular coagulation, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, anticoagulant therapy, neutrophil extracellular traps, macrophage polarization

Published
2024

12. Distribution of Arteriosclerotic Vessels in Patients with Arteriosclerosis and the Differences of Serum Lipid Levels Classified by Different Sites

Author

Xu W, Wang Z, Yao H, Zeng Z, and Lan X

Subjects
arteriosclerosis, arteriosclerotic vessels, dyslipidemia, serum lipid, crp, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Weiyong Xu,1,2 Zhenchang Wang,3 Huaqing Yao,1,2 Zifeng Zeng,1,2 Xinping Lan1,2 1Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xinping Lan, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China, Email lan-xinping@163.comObjective: To investigate the distribution of arteriosclerotic vessels of arteriosclerosis, differential serum lipid profiles, and differences in the proportion of dyslipidaemia between patients with single-site arteriosclerosis and multi-site arteriosclerosis (significant hardening of ≥ 2 arteries).Methods: The data of 6581 single-site arteriosclerosis patients and 5940 multi-site arteriosclerosis patients were extracted from the hospital medical record system. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein (Apo) A1, ApoB concentrations and C-reactive protein (CRP) between patients with single-site arteriosclerosis and multi-site arteriosclerosis were collected and analyzed.Results: The most diseased arteries were coronary arteries (n=7099, 33.7%), limb arteries (n=6546, 31.1%), and carotid arteries (n=5279, 25.1%). TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C levels were higher and CRP level was lower in multi-site arteriosclerosis patients than those in single-site arteriosclerosis patients. The TC, LDL-C levels in non-elderly (< 65 years old) female patients were higher and TG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C levels were lower than those in non-elderly male patients, while the TG, TC, LDL-C, and TG/HDL-C levels in elderly (≥ 65 years old) female patients were higher and LDL-C/HDL-C level was lower than those in elderly male patients. The proportion of dyslipidemia in descending order was as follows: low HDL-C (31.9%), elevated TG (16.9%), elevated TC (9.0%), and elevated LDL-C (4.2%). The levels of TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C in patients with peripheral arteriosclerosis were higher than those in patients with cardio-cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis.Conclusion: There were differences in serum lipid levels in patients with arteriosclerosis with different age, gender and distribution of arteriosclerotic vessels.Keywords: arteriosclerosis, arteriosclerotic vessels, dyslipidemia, serum lipid, CRP

Published
2024

13. Observation of long-range ferromagnetism via anomalous supercurrents in a spin-orbit coupled superconductor

Author

Xiang, B. K., Lin, Y. S., He, Q. S., Zhu, J. J., Chen, B. R., Wang, Y. F., Liang, K. Y., Li, Z. J., Yao, H. X., Wu, C. X., Zhou, T. Y., Fang, M. H., Lu, Y., Tokatly, I. V., Bergeret, F. S., and Wang, Y. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Conventional superconductors naturally disfavor ferromagnetism because the supercurrent-carrying electrons are paired into anti-parallel spin singlets. In superconductors with strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling, impurity magnetic moments induce supercurrents through the spin-galvanic effect. As a result, long-range ferromagnetic interaction among the impurity moments may be mediated through such anomalous supercurrents in a similar fashion as in itinerant ferromagnets. Fe(Se,Te) is such a superconductor with topological surface bands, previously shown to exhibit quantum anomalous vortices around impurity spins. Here, we take advantage of the flux sensitivity of scanning superconducting quantum interference devices to investigate superconducting Fe(Se,Te) in the regime where supercurrents around impurities overlap. We find homogeneous remanent flux patterns after applying a supercurrent through the sample. The patterns are consistent with anomalous edge and bulk supercurrents generated by in-plane magnetization, which occur above a current threshold and follow hysteresis loops reminiscent of those of a ferromagnet. Similar long-range magnetic orders can be generated by Meissner current under a small out-of-plane magnetic field. The magnetization weakens with increasing temperature and disappears after thermal cycling to above superconducting critical temperature; further suggesting superconductivity is central to establishing and maintaining the magnetic order. These observations demonstrate surface anomalous supercurrents as a mediator for ferromagnetism in a spin-orbit coupled superconductor, which may potentially be utilized for low-power cryogenic memory.

Published
2023

14. Comparing local energy cascade rates in isotropic turbulence using structure function and filtering formulations

Author

Yao, H., Schnaubelt, M., Szalay, A., Zaki, T., and Meneveau, C.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Two common definitions of the spatially local rate of kinetic energy cascade at some scale $\ell$ in turbulent flows are (i) the cubic velocity difference term appearing in the generalized Kolmogorov-Hill equation (GKHE) (structure function approach), and (ii) the subfilter-scale energy flux term in the transport equation for subgrid-scale kinetic energy (filtering approach). We perform a comparative study of both quantities based on direct numerical simulation data of isotropic turbulence at Taylor-scale Reynolds number of 1250. While observations of negative subfilter-scale energy flux (backscatter) have in the past led to debates regarding interpretation and relevance of such observations, we argue that the interpretation of the local structure function-based cascade rate definition is unambiguous since it arises from a divergence term in scale space. Conditional averaging is used to explore the relationship between the local cascade rate and the local filtered viscous dissipation rate as well as filtered velocity gradient tensor properties such as its invariants. We find statistically robust evidence of inverse cascade when both the large-scale rotation rate is strong and the large-scale strain rate is weak. Even stronger net inverse cascading is observed in the ``vortex compression'' $R>0$, $Q>0$ quadrant where $R$ and $Q$ are velocity gradient invariants. Qualitatively similar, but quantitatively much weaker trends are observed for the conditionally averaged subfilter scale energy flux. Flow visualizations show consistent trends, namely that spatially the inverse cascade events appear to be located within large-scale vortices, specifically in subregions when $R$ is large.

Published
2023
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15. Entropy and fluctuation relations in isotropic turbulence

Author

Yao, H., Zaki, T. A., and Meneveau, C.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Based on a generalized local Kolmogorov-Hill equation expressing the evolution of kinetic energy integrated over spheres of size $\ell$ in the inertial range of fluid turbulence, we examine a possible definition of entropy and entropy generation for turbulence. Its measurement from direct numerical simulations in isotropic turbulence leads to confirmation of the validity of the fluctuation relation (FR) from non-equilibrium thermodynamics in the inertial range of turbulent flows. Specifically, the ratio of probability densities of forward and inverse cascade at scale $\ell$ is shown to follow exponential behavior with the entropy generation rate if the latter is defined by including an appropriately defined notion of ``temperature of turbulence'' proportional to the kinetic energy at scale $\ell$.

Published
2023
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16. Forward and inverse energy cascade and fluctuation relation in fluid turbulence adhere to Kolmogorov's refined similarity hypothesis

Author

Yao, H., Yeung, P. K., Zaki, T. A., and Meneveau, C.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

We study fluctuations of the local energy cascade rate $\Phi_\ell$ in turbulent flows at scales ($\ell$) in the inertial range. According to the Kolmogorov refined similarity hypothesis (KRSH), relevant statistical properties of $\Phi_\ell$ should depend on $\epsilon_\ell$, the viscous dissipation rate locally averaged over a sphere of size $\ell$, rather than on the global average dissipation. However, the validity of KRSH applied to $\Phi_\ell$ has not yet been tested from data. Conditional averages such as $\langle \Phi_\ell|\epsilon_{\ell}\rangle$ as well as of higher-order moments are measured from Direct Numerical Simulations data, and results clearly adhere to the predictions from KRSH. Remarkably, the same is true when considering forward ($\Phi_\ell>0$) and inverse ($\Phi_\ell<0$) cascade events separately. Measured ratios of forward and inverse cascade probability densities further show that a fluctuation relation adhering to the KRSH can be observed, raising the hope that important features of turbulence may be described using concepts from non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

Published
2023

17. Measurement of the cosmic p+He energy spectrum from 50 GeV to 0.5 PeV with the DAMPE space mission

Author

DAMPE Collaboration, Alemanno, F., Altomare, C., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cagnoli, I., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Coppin, P., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Giovanni, A., Di Santo, M., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Alonso, M. Fernandez, Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, Y. Z., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. H., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Salinas, M. Muñoz, Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Putti-Garcia, E., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, E. H., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Recent observations of the light component of the cosmic-ray spectrum have revealed unexpected features that motivate further and more precise measurements up to the highest energies. The Dark Matter Particle Explorer is a satellite-based cosmic-ray experiment that has been operational since December 2015, continuously collecting data on high-energy cosmic particles with very good statistics, energy resolution, and particle identification capabilities. In this work, the latest measurements of the energy spectrum of proton+helium in the energy range from 46 GeV to 464 TeV are presented. Among the most distinctive features of the spectrum, a spectral hardening at 600 GeV has been observed, along with a softening at 29 TeV measured with a 6.6{\sigma} significance. Moreover, the detector features and the analysis approach allowed for the extension of the spectral measurement up to the sub-PeV region. Even if with small statistical significance due to the low number of events, data suggest a new spectral hardening at about 150 TeV., Comment: Published on PRD

Published
2023
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18. Schisandra chinensis Bee Pollen Extract Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells via Ferroptosis-, Wnt-, and Focal Adhesion–Signaling Pathways

Author

Li Z, Yang J, Sun Y, Han S, Gong J, Zhang Y, Feng Z, Yao H, and Shi P

Subjects
schisandra chinensis bee pollen extract, hepg2 cells, proteomics, ferroptosis, wnt signaling pathway, focal adhesion signaling pathway, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Zhiliang Li,1,2,&ast; Jiali Yang,1,3,&ast; Yang Sun,1 Shuo Han,1 Jietao Gong,1 Yi Zhang,1,3 Zhiyuan Feng,1 Hong Yao,4 Peiying Shi1,5 1College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China; 3College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, People’s Republic of China; 5State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Natural Biotoxins, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong Yao, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, People’s Republic of China, Email hongyao@mail.fjmu.edu.cn Peiying Shi, College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China, Email peiyshi@126.comPurpose: Bee pollen possesses favorable anticancer activities. As a medicinal plant source, Schisandra chinensis bee pollen (SCBP) possesses potential pharmacological properties, such as reducing cisplatin-induced liver injury, but its anti–liver cancer effect is still rarely reported. This paper aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of SCBP extract (SCBPE) on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.Methods: The effect of SCBPE on cell proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells was evaluated based on MTT assay, morphology observation, or scratching assay. Furthermore, tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics was used to study the effect mechanisms. The mRNA expression levels of identified proteins were verified by RT-qPCR.Results: Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics showed that 61 differentially expressed proteins were obtained in the SCBPE group compared with the negative-control group: 18 significantly downregulated and 43 significantly upregulated proteins. Bioinformatic analysis showed the significantly enriched KEGG pathways were predominantly ferroptosis-, Wnt-, and hepatocellular carcinoma-signaling ones. Protein–protein interaction network analysis and RT-qPCR validation revealed SCBPE also downregulated the focal adhesion–signaling pathway, which is abrogated by PF-562271, a well-known inhibitor of FAK.Conclusion: This study confirmed SCBPE suppressed the cell proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, mainly through modulation of ferroptosis-, Wnt-, hepatocellular carcinoma-, and focal adhesion–signaling pathways, providing scientific data supporting adjuvant treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using SCBP. Keywords: Schisandra chinensis bee pollen extract, HepG2 cells, proteomics, ferroptosis, Wnt-signaling pathway, focal adhesion–signaling pathway

Published
2024

19. A New WISE Calibration of Stellar Mass

Author

Jarrett, T. H., Cluver, M. E., Taylor, Edward N., Bellstedt, Sabine, Robotham, A. S. G, and Yao, H. F. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We derive new empirical scaling relations between WISE mid-infrared galaxy photometry and well-determined stellar masses from SED modeling of a suite of optical-infrared photometry provided by the DR4 Catalogue of the GAMA-KiDS-VIKING survey of the southern G23 field. The mid-infrared source extraction and characterization are drawn from the WISE Extended Source Catalogue (WXSC) and the archival ALLWISE catalog, combining both resolved and compact galaxies in the G23 sample to a redshift of 0.15. Three scaling relations are derived: W1 3.4 micron luminosity versus stellar mass, and WISE W1-W2, W1-W3 colors versus mass-to-light ratio (sensitive to a variety of galaxy types from passive to star-forming). For each galaxy in the sample, we then derive the combined stellar mass from these scaling relations, producing Mstellar estimates with better than $\sim$25-30% accuracy for galaxies with $>$10$^{9}$ Msolar and $<$40 - 50% for lower luminosity dwarf galaxies. We also provide simple prescriptions for rest-frame corrections and estimating stellar masses using only the W1 flux and the W1-W2 color, making stellar masses more accessible to users of the WISE data. Given a redshift or distance, these new scaling relations will enable stellar mass estimates for any galaxy in the sky detected by WISE with high fidelity across a range of mass-to-light., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)

Published
2023

20. Precision measurement of reactor antineutrino oscillation at kilometer-scale baselines by Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay collaboration, An, F. P., Bai, W. D., Balantekin, A. B., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Z. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Ding, X. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Duyang, H. Y., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. X., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, B. Z., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mandujano, R. C., Marshall, C., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nguyen, T. M. T., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Russell, B., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zavadskyi, V., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R. Z., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a new determination of the smallest neutrino mixing angle ${\theta}_{13}$ and the mass-squared difference ${\Delta}{\rm m}^{2}_{32}$ using a final sample of $5.55 \times 10^{6}$ inverse beta-decay (IBD) candidates with the final-state neutron captured on gadolinium. This sample was selected from the complete data set obtained by the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment in 3158 days of operation. Compared to the previous Daya Bay results, selection of IBD candidates has been optimized, energy calibration refined, and treatment of backgrounds further improved. The resulting oscillation parameters are ${\rm sin}^{2}2{\theta}_{13} = 0.0851 \pm 0.0024$, ${\Delta}{\rm m}^{2}_{32} = (2.466 \pm 0.060) \times 10^{-3}{\rm eV}^{2}$ for the normal mass ordering or ${\Delta}{\rm m}^{2}_{32} = -(2.571 \pm 0.060) \times 10^{-3} {\rm eV}^{2}$ for the inverted mass ordering., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, 10 supplementary files

Published
2022

21. Rapid Electromagnetic Induction Imaging with an Optically Raster-Scanned Atomic Magnetometer

Author

Maddox, B., Deans, C., Yao, H., Cohen, Y., and Renzoni, F.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present an apparatus to overcome the limitations of mechanical raster-scanning in electromagnetic induction imaging (EMI) techniques by instead performing a 2D optical raster-scan within the vapour cell of a radio-frequency atomic magnetometer (RF-AM). A large cuboidal 87Rb vapour cell is employed to act as the medium of an RF-AM with the pump and probe beams translated in the cell via acousto-optics. The technique is shown to give robust and repeatable magnetic measurements over the cell volume and successfully resolves conductive targets with EMI. Optical raster-scanning removes the limitation of slow mechanical actuation and a fast imaging procedure is enacted resolving conductive targets at a rate of 40 ms/pixel., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022

22. Search for relativistic fractionally charged particles in space

Author

DAMPE Collaboration, Alemanno, F., Altomare, C., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De-Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Giovanni, A., Di Santo, M., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Alonso, M. F., Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. L., Li, W. H., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Salinas, M. M., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, E. H., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

More than a century after the performance of the oil drop experiment, the possible existence of fractionally charged particles FCP still remains unsettled. The search for FCPs is crucial for some extensions of the Standard Model in particle physics. Most of the previously conducted searches for FCPs in cosmic rays were based on experiments underground or at high altitudes. However, there have been few searches for FCPs in cosmic rays carried out in orbit other than AMS-01 flown by a space shuttle and BESS by a balloon at the top of the atmosphere. In this study, we conduct an FCP search in space based on on-orbit data obtained using the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) satellite over a period of five years. Unlike underground experiments, which require an FCP energy of the order of hundreds of GeV, our FCP search starts at only a few GeV. An upper limit of $6.2\times 10^{-10}~~\mathrm{cm^{-2}sr^{-1} s^{-1}}$ is obtained for the flux. Our results demonstrate that DAMPE exhibits higher sensitivity than experiments of similar types by three orders of magnitude that more stringently restricts the conditions for the existence of FCP in primary cosmic rays., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, accepted by PRD

Published
2022
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23. Validation and Feasibility of Ultrafast Cervical Spine MRI Using a Deep Learning-Assisted 3D Iterative Image Enhancement System

Author

Yao H, Jia B, Pan X, and Sun J

Subjects
cervical spine, magnetic resonance imaging, fast imaging, deep learning, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Hui Yao, Bangsheng Jia, Xuelin Pan, Jiayu Sun Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiayu Sun, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang No. 37, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Email sunjiayu20232023@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of ultrafast (2 min) cervical spine MRI protocol using a deep learning-assisted 3D iterative image enhancement (DL-3DIIE) system, compared to a conventional MRI protocol (6 min 14s).Patients and Methods: Fifty-one patients were recruited and underwent cervical spine MRI using conventional and ultrafast protocols. A DL-3DIIE system was applied to the ultrafast protocol to compensate for the spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of images. Two radiologists independently assessed and graded the quality of images from the dimensions of artifacts, boundary sharpness, visibility of lesions and overall image quality. We recorded the presence or absence of different pathologies. Moreover, we examined the interchangeability of the two protocols by computing the 95% confidence interval of the individual equivalence index, and also evaluated the inter-protocol intra-observer agreement using Cohen’s weighted kappa.Results: Ultrafast-DL-3DIIE images were significantly better than conventional ones for artifacts and equivalent for other qualitative features. The number of cases with different kinds of pathologies was indistinguishable based on the MR images from ultrafast-DL-3DIIE and conventional protocols. With the exception of disc degeneration, the 95% confidence interval for the individual equivalence index across all variables did not surpass 5%, suggesting that the two protocols are interchangeable. The kappa values of these evaluations by the two radiologists ranged from 0.65 to 0.88, indicating good-to-excellent agreement.Conclusion: The DL-3DIIE system enables 67% spine MRI scan time reduction while obtaining at least equivalent image quality and diagnostic results compared to the conventional protocol, suggesting its potential for clinical utility.Keywords: cervical spine, magnetic resonance imaging, fast imaging, deep learning

Published
2024

24. Influence of Different Ratios of DSPE-PEG2k on Ester Prodrug Self-Assembly Nanoparticles for Cell Migration and Proliferation Suppression

Author

Zhang H, Wei S, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Yao H, Qi G, Adu-Frimpong M, and Sun C

Subjects
bufalin, prodrug nanoparticles, dspe-peg2k, esterase hydrolysis rate, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Huiyun Zhang,1 Shunru Wei,1 Yunfei Hu,1 Yu Zhang,1 Hao Yao,1 Gang Qi,1 Michael Adu-Frimpong,2 Congyong Sun3 1Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224003, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (CKT-UTAS), Navrongo, UK-0215-5321, Ghana; 3Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, 223300, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Michael Adu-Frimpong; Congyong Sun, Email madufrimpong@cktutas.edu.gh; cysun_hayy@163.comBackground: Bufalin (BFL, an active anti-tumor compound derived from toad venom) is limited in its application due to high toxicity and rapid metabolism of the cardiotonic steroid. Ester prodrug self-assembly nanoparticles have shown significant improved effects in addressing the above-mentioned issues.Methods: An ester bond was formed between linoleic acid and bufalin to synthesize linoleic acid-bufalin prodrug (LeB). The self-assembly nanoparticles (LeB-PSNs) containing different mass ratios of DSPE-PEG2k and prodrug (6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1 and 10:0) were prepared via co-precipitation method and defined as 6:4-PSNs, 7:3-PSNs, 8:2-PSNs, 9:1-PSNs and LeB-PSNs, respectively. Further, the characterization (particle size, zeta potential, surface morphology and stability) of the nanoparticles was carried out. Finally, we evaluated the impact of different ratios of DSPE-PEG2k on the hydrolysis rate, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, cell migration and proliferation suppression potential of the prodrug nanoparticles.Results: The linoleic acid-bufalin prodrug (LeB) was successfully synthesized. Upon the addition of DSPE-PEG2k at different weight ratios, both particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) significantly decreased, while the zeta potential increased remarkably. No significant differences in particle size, PDI and Zeta potential were observed among the 9:1, 8:2 and 7:3 PSNs. Notably, the 8:2 (w/w) DSPE-PEG2k nanoparticles exhibited superior stability, hydrolysis and cellular uptake rates, along with efficient cell cytotoxicity, cell migration and proliferation suppression.Conclusion: These findings indicate that DSPE-PEG2k could improve the performance of BFL prodrug nanoparticles, namely enhancing stability and achieving adaptive drug release by modulating the hydrolysis rate of esterase. This study therefore provides more opportunities for the development of BFL application. Keywords: bufalin, prodrug nanoparticles, DSPE-PEG2k, esterase hydrolysis rate

Published
2024

25. Connecting MeerKAT radio continuum properties to GAMA optical emission-line and WISE mid-infrared activity

Author

Yao, H. F. M., Cluver, M. E., Jarrett, T. H., Jozsa, Gyula I. G., Santos, M. G., Marchetti, L., Brown, M. J. I., Gordon, Y. A., Brough, S., Hopkins, A. M., Holwerda, B. W., Driver, S. P., and Sadler, E. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The identification of AGN in large surveys has been hampered by seemingly discordant classifications arising from differing diagnostic methods, usually tracing distinct processes specific to a particular wavelength regime. However, as shown in Yao et al. (2020), the combination of optical emission line measurements and mid-infrared photometry can be used to optimise the discrimination capability between AGN and star formation activity. In this paper we test our new classification scheme by combining the existing GAMA-WISE data with high-quality MeerKAT radio continuum data covering 8 deg$^2$ of the GAMA G23 region. Using this sample of 1 841 galaxies (z < 0.25), we investigate the total infrared (derived from 12$\mu$m) to radio luminosity ratio, q(TIR), and its relationship to optical-infrared AGN and star-forming (SF) classifications. We find that while q(TIR) is efficient at detecting AGN activity in massive galaxies generally appearing quiescent in the infrared, it becomes less reliable for cases where the emission from star formation in the host galaxy is dominant. However, we find that the q(TIR) can identify up to 70 % more AGNs not discernible at optical and/or infrared wavelengths. The median q(TIR) of our SF sample is 2.57 $\pm$ 0.23 consistent with previous local universe estimates.

Published
2022
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26. Hybridization and Correlation between f- and d-orbital electrons in a valence fluctuating compound EuNi2P2

Author

Yin, Z. X., Du, X., Cao, W. Z., Jiang, J., Chen, C., Duan, S. R., Zhou, J. S., Gu, X., Xu, R. Z., Zhang, Q. Q., Zhao, W. X., Li, Y. D., Yang, Yi-feng, Yang, H. F., Liang, A. J., Liu, Z. K., Yao, H., Qi, Y. P., Chen, Y. L., and Yang, L. X.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The interaction between localized f and itinerant conduction electrons is crucial in the electronic properties of heavy fermion and valence fluctuating compounds. Using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we systematically investigate the electronic structure of the archetypical valence fluctuating compound EuNi2P2 that hosts multiple f electrons. At low temperatures, we reveal the hybridization between Eu 4f and Ni 3d states, which contributes to the electron mass enhancement, consistent with the periodic Anderson model. With increasing temperature, interestingly, we observe opposite temperature evolution of electron spectral function above and below the Kondo coherence temperature near 110 K, which is in contrast to the monotonic valence change and beyond the expectation of the periodic Anderson model. We argue that both f-d hybridization and correlation are imperative in the electronic properties of EuNi2P2. Our results shed light on the understanding of novel properties, such as heavy fermion behaviors and valence fluctuation, of rare-earth transition-metal intermetallic compounds with multiple f electrons.

Published
2022
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27. Charged-current non-standard neutrino interactions at Daya Bay

Author

An, F. P., Bai, W. D., Balantekin, A. B., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Z. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y.-C., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, X. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Dugas, K. V., Duyang, H. Y., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. X., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, B. Z., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mandujano, R. C., Marshall, C., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nguyen, T. M. T., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Morales Reveco, C., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Russell, B., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Tse, W.-H., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zavadskyi, V., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R. Z., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Published
2024
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28. Proton spin structure and generalized polarizabilities in the strong quantum chromodynamics regime

Author

Ruth, D, Zielinski, R, Gu, C, Allada (Cummings), M, Badman, T, Huang, M, Liu, J, Zhu, P, Allada, K, Zhang, J, Camsonne, A, Chen, J-P, Slifer, K, Aniol, K, Annand, J, Arrington, J, Averett, T, Baghdasaryan, H, Bellini, V, Boeglin, W, Brock, J, Carlin, C, Chen, C, Cisbani, E, Crabb, D, Daniel, A, Day, D, Duve, R, Fassi, L El, Friedman, M, Fuchey, E, Gao, H, Gilman, R, Glamazdin, S, Gueye, P, Hafez, M, Han, Y, Hansen, O, Shabestari, M Hashemi, Hen, O, Higinbotham, D, Horn, T, Iqbal, S, Jensen, E, Kang, H, Keith, CD, Kelleher, A, Keller, D, Khanal, H, Korover, I, Kumbartzki, G, Li, W, Lichtenstadt, J, Lindgren, R, Long, E, Malace, S, Markowitz, P, Maxwell, J, Meekins, DM, Meziani, ZE, McLean, C, Michaels, R, Mihovilovič, M, Muangma, N, Camacho, C Munoz, Musson, J, Myers, K, Oh, Y, Carmignotto, M Pannunzio, Perdrisat, C, Phillips, S, Piasetzky, E, Pierce, J, Punjabi, V, Qiang, Y, Reimer, PE, Roblin, Y, Ron, G, Rondon, O, Russo, G, Saenboonruang, K, Sawatzky, B, Shahinyan, A, Shneor, R, Širca, S, Sjoegren, J, Solvignon-Slifer, P, Sparveris, N, Sulkosky, V, Wesselmann, F, Yan, W, Yang, H, Yao, H, Ye, Z, Yurov, M, Zhang, Y, Zhao, YX, and Zheng, X

Subjects
Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Fluids & Plasmas
Abstract

The strong interaction is not well understood at low energies or for interactions with low momentum transfer. Chiral perturbation theory gives testable predictions for the nucleonic generalized polarizabilities, which are fundamental quantities describing the nucleon’s response to an external field. We report a measurement of the proton’s generalized spin polarizabilities extracted with a polarized electron beam and a polarized solid ammonia target in the region where chiral perturbation theory is expected to be valid. The investigated structure function g2 characterizes the internal spin structure of the proton. From its moments, we extract the longitudinal–transverse spin polarizability δLT and twist-3 matrix element and polarizability d2¯. Our results provide discriminating power between existing chiral perturbation theory calculations and will help provide a better understanding of this strong quantum chromodynamics regime.

Published
2022

29. The Proton Spin Structure Function $g_2$ and Generalized Polarizabilities in the Strong QCD Regime

Author

Ruth, D., Zielinski, R., Gu, C., Allada, M., Badman, T., Huang, M., Liu, J., Zhu, P., Allada, K., Zhang, J., Camsonne, A., Chen, J. P., Slifer, K., Aniol, K., Annand, J., Arrington, J., Averett, T., Baghdasaryan, H., Bellini, V., Boeglin, W., Brock, J., Carlin, C., Chen, C., Cisbani, E., Crabb, D., Daniel, A., Day, D., Duve, R., Fassi, L. El, Friedman, M., Fuchey, E., Gao, H., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, S., Gueye, P., Hafez, M., Han, Y., Hansen, O., Shabestari, M. Hashemi, Hen, O., Higinbotham, D., Horn, T., Iqbal, S., Jensen, E., Kang, H., Keith, C. D., Kelleher, A., Keller, D., Khanal, H., Korover, I., Kumbartzki, G., Li, W., Lichtenstadt, J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Malace, S., Markowitz, P., Maxwell, J., Meekins, D. M., Meziani, Z. E., McLean, C., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Muangma, N., Camacho, C. Munoz, Musson, J., Myers, K., Oh, Y., Carmignotto, M. Pannunzio, Perdrisat, C., Phillips, S., Piasetzky, E., Pierce, J., Punjabi, V., Qiang, Y., Reimer, P. E., Roblin, Y., Ron, G., Rondon, O., Russo, G., Saenboonruang, K., Sawatzky, B., Shahinyan, A., Shneor, R., Sjoegren, J., Solvignon-Slifer, P., Sparveris, N., Sulkosky, V., Wesselmann, F., Yan, W., Yang, H., Yao, H., Ye, Z., Yurov, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. X., and Zheng, X.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The strong interaction is not well understood at low energy, or for interactions with low momentum transfer $Q^2$, but one of the clearest insights we have comes from Chiral Perturbation Theory ($\chi$PT). This effective treatment gives testable predictions for the nucleonic generalized polarizabilities -- fundamental quantities describing the nucleon's response to an external field. We have measured the proton's generalized spin polarizabilities in the region where $\chi$PT is expected to be valid. Our results include the first ever data for the transverse-longitudinal spin polarizability $\delta_{LT}$, and also extend the coverage of the polarizability $\bar{d_2}$ to very low $Q^2$ for the first time. These results were extracted from moments of the structure function $g_2$, a quantity which characterizes the internal spin structure of the proton. Our experiment ran at Jefferson Lab using a polarized electron beam and a polarized solid ammonia (NH$_3$) target. The $\delta_{LT}$ polarizability has remained a challenging quantity for $\chi$PT to reproduce, despite its reduced sensitivity to higher resonance contributions; recent competing calculations still disagree with each other and also diverge from the measured neutron data at very low $Q^2$. Our proton results provide discriminating power between existing calculations, and will help provide a better understanding of this strong QCD regime.

Published
2022

30. First measurement of high-energy reactor antineutrinos at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

This Letter reports the first measurement of high-energy reactor antineutrinos at Daya Bay, with nearly 9000 inverse beta decay candidates in the prompt energy region of 8-12~MeV observed over 1958 days of data collection. A multivariate analysis is used to separate 2500 signal events from background statistically. The hypothesis of no reactor antineutrinos with neutrino energy above 10~MeV is rejected with a significance of 6.2 standard deviations. A 29\% antineutrino flux deficit in the prompt energy region of 8-11~MeV is observed compared to a recent model prediction. We provide the unfolded antineutrino spectrum above 7 MeV as a data-based reference for other experiments. This result provides the first direct observation of the production of antineutrinos from several high-$Q_{\beta}$ isotopes in commercial reactors., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Physical Review Letters

Published
2022
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31. Becker’s Nevus on Face Misdiagnosed as Whiskers

Author

Yao H and Xiang W

Subjects
becker's nevus, misdiagnosed, whiskers, hypertrichosis., Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract

Huiyi Yao,1 Wenzhong Xiang2 1Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wenzhong Xiang, Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Westlake Ave 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13588004268, Email xiangwenzhong@126.comAbstract: Becker’s nevus (BN) is a kind of epidermal cutaneous hamartoma. A noticeable hyperpigmented patch with a big, unilateral, hyperpigmented macule and irregularly shaped borders is the manner in which BN often presents. In this case, a 16-year-old boy has asymptomatic dark brown colored follicular macule on the left side of the cheek shortly after birth. The lesions were initially inconspicuous but gradually became darker as time passed. The macules on some of them grew hair. This case of BN with apparent hypertrichosis on one side of the cheek, which made it challenging to make a differential diagnosis with whiskers. The primary point of differentiation is that the lesions of BN only appear unilaterally. On the other hand, the face has whiskers on both sides. Additionally, BN will show hyperpigmentation whereas whiskers do not. In conclusion, for its unusual clinical presentation, we believe that reporting this case may help dermatologists avoid misdiagnosing similar cases.Keywords: Becker’s nevus, misdiagnosed, whiskers, hypertrichosis

Published
2024

32. Synthesis and Application of a Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Fluorescent Probe for Specific Imaging of Cancer Cells with High Sensitivity and Selectivity

Author

Li S, Lin Z, Chen H, Luo Q, Han S, Huang K, Chen R, Zhan Y, Chen B, and Yao H

Subjects
au nanoclusters, fluorescence imaging, cancer cell imaging, molecular docking., Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Shaoguang Li,1 Zhan Lin,1 Haobo Chen,1 Qiu Luo,1 Shengnan Han,1 Kunlong Huang,1 Ruichan Chen,1 Yuying Zhan,1 Bing Chen,2 Hong Yao1– 3 1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, FuJian, People’s Republic of China; 2Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 3Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shaoguang Li; Hong Yao, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, People’s Republic of China, Email lsg941@126.com; yauhung@126.comBackground: The preclinical diagnosis of tumors is of great significance to cancer treatment. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging technology is promising for the in-situ detection of tumors with high sensitivity.Methods: Here, a fluorescent probe was synthesized on the basis of Au nanoclusters with near-infrared light emission and applied to fluorescent cancer cell labeling. Near-infrared methionine-N-Hydroxy succinimide Au nanoclusters (Met-NHs-AuNCs) were prepared successfully by one-pot synthesis using Au nanoclusters, methionine, and N-Hydroxy succinimide as frameworks, reductants, and stabilizers, respectively. The specific fluorescence imaging of tumor cells or tissues by fluorescent probe was studied on the basis of SYBYL Surflex-DOCK simulation model of LAT1 active site of overexpressed receptor on cancer cell surface. The results showed that Met-NHs-AuNCs interacted with the surface of LAT1, and C_Score scored the conformation of the probe and LAT1 as five.Results: Characterization and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore the Met-NHs-AuNCs targeted uptake of cancer cells. The prepared near-infrared fluorescent probe (Met-NHs-AuNCs) can specifically recognize the overexpression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) in cancer cells so that it can show red fluorescence in cancer cells. Meanwhile, normal cells (H9c2) have no fluorescence.Conclusion: The fluorescent probe demonstrates the power of targeting and imaging cancer cells.Keywords: Au nanoclusters, fluorescence imaging, cancer cell imaging, molecular docking

Published
2024

33. Combined Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Guided Nanoparticles Effective Against Diabetic Nephropathy in Mouse Model

Author

Wang K, Liu T, Zhang Y, Lv H, Yao H, Zhao Y, Li J, and Li X

Subjects
diabetic nephropathy, magnetic targeting, mesenchymal stem cells, iron oxide nanoparticles, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Ke Wang,1,2,&ast; Te Liu,1,&ast; Yucheng Zhang,1 Huiying Lv,1 Hua Yao,1 Ye Zhao,3 Jing Li,1 Xiuying Li1 1Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 2Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 3Dermatological Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiuying Li; Jing Li, Email lixiuying@jlu.edu.cn; lijing1029@jlu.edu.cnBackground: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus and constitutes the primary cause of mortality in affected patients. Previous studies have shown that placental mesenchymal stem cells (PL-MSCs) can alleviate kidney dysfunction in animal models of DN. However, the limited ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to home to damaged sites restricts their therapeutic potential. Enhancing the precision of PL-MSCs’ homing to target tissues is therefore vital for the success of cell therapies in treating DN.Methods: We developed Fe3O4 coated polydopamine nanoparticle (NP)-internalized MSCs and evaluated their therapeutic effectiveness in a mouse model of streptozotocin- and high-fat diet-induced DN, using an external magnetic field.Results: Our study confirmed that NPs were effectively internalized into PL-MSCs without compromising their intrinsic stem cell properties. The magnetic targeting of PL-MSCs notably improved their homing to the kidney tissues in mice with DN, resulting in enhanced kidney function compared to the transplantation of PL-MSCs alone. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic attributes of PL-MSCs played a role in the recovery of kidney function and structure.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that magnetically targeted therapy using PL-MSCs is a promising approach for treating diabetic nephropathy.Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, magnetic targeting, mesenchymal stem cells, iron oxide nanoparticles

Published
2024

34. The detection of a massive chain of dark HI clouds in the GAMA G23 Field

Author

Jozsa, Gyula I. G., Jarrett, T. H., Cluver, Michelle, Wong, O. Ivy, Havenga, Okkert, Yao, H. F. M., Marchetti, L., Taylor, E. N., Kamphuis, Peter, Maccagni, Filippo M., Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T., Serra, Paolo, Smirnov, Oleg M., White, Sarah V., Kilborn, Virginia, Holwerda, B. W., Hopkins, A. M., Brough, S., Pimbblet, K. A., Driver, Simon P., and Kuijken, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report on the detection of a large, extended HI cloud complex in the GAMA G23 field, located at a redshift of $z\,\sim\,0.03$, observed as part of the MeerHOGS campaign (a pilot survey to explore the mosaicing capabilities of MeerKAT). The cloud complex, with a total mass of $10^{10.0}\,M_\odot$, lies in proximity to a large galaxy group with $M_\mathrm{dyn}\sim10^{13.5}\,M_\odot$. We identify seven HI peak concentrations, interconnected as a tenuous 'chain' structure, extending $\sim 400\,\mathrm{kpc}$ from east-to-west, with the largest (central) concentration containing $10{^{9.7}}\,M_\odot$ in HI gas distributed across $50\,\mathrm{kpc}$. The main source is not detected in ultra-violet, optical or infrared imaging. The implied gas mass-to-light ($M_\mathrm{HI}$/$L_\mathrm{r}$) is extreme ($>$1000) even in comparison to other 'dark clouds'. The complex has very little kinematic structure ($110\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$), making it difficult to identify cloud rotation. Assuming pressure support, the total mass of the central concentration is $>10^{10.2}\,M_\odot$, while a lower limit to the dynamical mass in the case of full rotational support is $10^{10.4}\,M_\odot$. If the central concentration is a stable structure, it has to contain some amount of unseen matter, but potentially less than is observed for a typical galaxy. It is, however, not clear whether the structure has any gravitationally stable concentrations. We report a faint UV--optical--infrared source in proximity to one of the smaller concentrations in the gas complex, leading to a possible stellar association. The system nature and origins is enigmatic, potentially being the result of an interaction with or within the galaxy group it appears to be associated with., Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, minor corrections

Published
2021
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35. Deeply virtual Compton scattering off the neutron

Author

Benali, M., Desnault, C., Mazouz, M., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Allada, K., Aniol, K. A., Bellini, V., Boeglin, W., Bertin, P., Brossard, M., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Chandavar, S., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., Defurne, M., de Jager, C. W., de Leo, R., Deur, A., Fassi, L. El, Ent, R., Flay, D., Friend, M., Fuchey, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, O., Higinbotham, D., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, J., Huang, M., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iqbal, S., Itard, F., Kang, Ho., Kang, Hy., Kelleher, A., Keppel, C., Koirala, S., Korover, I., LeRose, J. J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Magne, M., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Jimenez-Arguello, A. Marti, Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Muangma, N., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Nuruzzaman, N., Paremuzyan, R., Pomatsalyuk, R., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V., Qiang, Y., Rakhman, A., Rashad, M. N. H., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Russo, G., Sabatie, F., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Solvignon, P., Sperduto, M. L., Subedi, R., Sulkosky, V., Sutera, C., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yao, H., Ye, Z., Zana, L., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., and Zhu, P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The three-dimensional structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) is embedded in so-called generalized parton distributions, which are accessible from deeply virtual Compton scattering. In this process, a high energy electron is scattered off a nucleon by exchanging a virtual photon. Then, a highly-energetic real photon is emitted from one of the quarks inside the nucleon, which carries information on the quark's transverse position and longitudinal momentum. By measuring the cross-section of deeply virtual Compton scattering, Compton form factors related to the generalized parton distributions can be extracted. Here, we report the observation of unpolarized deeply virtual Compton scattering off a deuterium target. From the measured photon-electroproduction cross-sections, we have extracted the cross-section of a quasi-free neutron and a coherent deuteron. Due to the approximate isospin symmetry of quantum chromodynamics, we can determine the contributions from the different quark flavours to the helicity-conserved Compton form factors by combining our measurements with previous ones probing the proton's internal structure. These results advance our understanding of the description of the nucleon structure, which is important to solve the proton spin puzzle.

Published
2021
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37. Joint Determination of Reactor Antineutrino Spectra from $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu Fission by Daya Bay and PROSPECT

Author

Daya Bay Collaboration, PROSPECT Collaboration, An, F. P., Andriamirado, M., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bass, C. D., Bergeron, D. E., Berish, D., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Bowden, N. S., Bryan, C. D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Classen, T., Conant, A. J., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deichert, G., Delgado, A., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolinski, M. J., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Erickson, A., Foust, B. T., Gaison, J. K., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gallo, J. P., Gilbert, C. E., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., Hansell, A. B., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heffron, B., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Koblanski, J., Jaffe, D. E., Jayakumar, S., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D. C., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kyzylova, O., Lane, C. E., Langford, T. J., LaRosa, J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. X., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, X., Luk, K. B., Ma, B. Z., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mandujano, R. C., Maricic, J., Marshall, C., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mendenhall, M. P., Meng, Y., Meyer, A. M., Milincic, R., Mueller, P. E., Mumm, H. P., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Neilson, R., Nguyen, T. M. T., Nikkel, J. A., Nour, S., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Palomino, J. L., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Pushin, D. A., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Searles, M., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Surukuchi, P. T., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Tyra, M. A., Varner, R. L., Venegas-Vargas, D., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Weatherly, P. B., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C., Wilhelmi, J., Wong, H. L. H., Woolverton, A., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zavadskyi, V., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R. Z., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A joint determination of the reactor antineutrino spectra resulting from the fission of $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu has been carried out by the Daya Bay and PROSPECT collaborations. This Letter reports the level of consistency of $^{235}$U spectrum measurements from the two experiments and presents new results from a joint analysis of both data sets. The measurements are found to be consistent. The combined analysis reduces the degeneracy between the dominant $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu isotopes and improves the uncertainty of the $^{235}$U spectral shape to about 3\%. The ${}^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu antineutrino energy spectra are unfolded from the jointly deconvolved reactor spectra using the Wiener-SVD unfolding method, providing a data-based reference for other reactor antineutrino experiments and other applications. This is the first measurement of the $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu spectra based on the combination of experiments at low- and highly enriched uranium reactors., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary Material Included

Published
2021
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39. Measurement of the cosmic ray helium energy spectrum from 70 GeV to 80 TeV with the DAMPE space mission

Author

Alemanno, F., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., D'Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Santo, M., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, K., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Guo, X. L., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wen, S. C., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic ray helium nuclei from 70 GeV to 80 TeV using 4.5 years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is reported in this work. A hardening of the spectrum is observed at an energy of about 1.3 TeV, similar to previous observations. In addition, a spectral softening at about 34 TeV is revealed for the first time with large statistics and well controlled systematic uncertainties, with an overall significance of $4.3\sigma$. The DAMPE spectral measurements of both cosmic protons and helium nuclei suggest a particle charge dependent softening energy, although with current uncertainties a dependence on the number of nucleons cannot be ruled out., Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures, published in Phys. Rev. Lett. Add one more digit for first three columns in Table S2

Published
2021
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40. Measurement of the generalized spin polarizabilities of the neutron in the low $Q^2$ region

Author

Sulkosky, V., Peng, C., Chen, J. -P., Deur, A., Abrahamyan, S., Aniol, K. A., Armstrong, D. S., Averett, T., Bailey, S. L., Beck, A., Bertin, P., Butaru, F., Boeglin, W., Camsonne, A., Cates, G. D., Chang, C. C., Choi, Seonho, Chudakov, E., Coman, L., Cornejo, J. C, Craver, B., Cusanno, F., De Leo, R., de Jager, C. W., Denton, J. D., Dhamija, S., Feuerbach, R., Finn, J. M., Frullani, S., Fuoti, K., Gao, H., Garibaldi, F., Gayou, O., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, A., Glashausser, C., Gomez, J., Hansen, J. -O., Hayes, D., Hersman, B., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmstrom, T., Humensky, T. B., Hyde, C. E., Ibrahim, H., Iodice, M., Jiang, X., Kaufman, L. J., Kelleher, A., Keister, K. E., Kim, W., Kolarkar, A., Kolb, N., Korsch, W., Kramer, K., Kumbartzki, G., Lagamba, L., Laine, V., Laveissiere, G., Lerose, J. J., Lhuillier, D., Lindgren, R., Liyanage, N., Lu, H. -J., Ma, B., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., McCormick, K., Meziane, M., Meziani, Z. -E., Michaels, R., Moffit, B., Monaghan, P., Nanda, S., Niedziela, J., Niskin, M., Pandolfi, R., Paschke, K. D., Potokar, M., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V. A., Qiang, Y., Ransome, R., Reitz, B., Roche, R., Saha, A., Shabetai, A., Sirca, S., Singh, J. T., Slifer, K., Snyder, R., Solvignon, P., Stringer, R., Subedi, R., Tobias, W. A., Ton, N., Ulmer, P. E., Urciuoli, G. M., Vacheret, A., Voutier, E., Wang, K., Wan, L., Wojtsekhowski, B., Woo, S., Yao, H., Yuan, J., Zhan, X., Zheng, X., and Zhu, L.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Understanding the nucleon spin structure in the regime where the strong interaction becomes truly strong poses a challenge to both experiment and theory. At energy scales below the nucleon mass of about 1 GeV, the intense interaction among the quarks and gluons inside the nucleon makes them highly correlated. Their coherent behaviour causes the emergence of effective degrees of freedom, requiring the application of non-perturbative techniques, such as chiral effective field theory. Here, we present measurements of the neutron's generalized spin-polarizabilities that quantify the neutron's spin precession under electromagnetic fields at very low energy-momentum transfer squared down to 0.035 GeV$^2$. In this regime, chiral effective field theory calculations are expected to be applicable. Our data, however, show a strong discrepancy with these predictions, presenting a challenge to the current description of the neutron's spin properties., Comment: V1: initial version submitted to Nature Physics. V2: Published version. 16 pages, 7 figures. Additional material: 4 data tables (18 pages) V3: Typo corrected in author list. Paper content unchanged

Published
2021
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41. Antineutrino Energy Spectrum Unfolding Based on the Daya Bay Measurement and Its Applications

Author

Daya Bay collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The prediction of reactor antineutrino spectra will play a crucial role as reactor experiments enter the precision era. The positron energy spectrum of 3.5 million antineutrino inverse beta decay reactions observed by the Daya Bay experiment, in combination with the fission rates of fissile isotopes in the reactor, is used to extract the positron energy spectra resulting from the fission of specific isotopes. This information can be used to produce a precise, data-based prediction of the antineutrino energy spectrum in other reactor antineutrino experiments with different fission fractions than Daya Bay. The positron energy spectra are unfolded to obtain the antineutrino energy spectra by removing the contribution from detector response with the Wiener-SVD unfolding method. Consistent results are obtained with other unfolding methods. A technique to construct a data-based prediction of the reactor antineutrino energy spectrum is proposed and investigated. Given the reactor fission fractions, the technique can predict the energy spectrum to a 2% precision. In addition, we illustrate how to perform a rigorous comparison between the unfolded antineutrino spectrum and a theoretical model prediction that avoids the input model bias of the unfolding method., Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures, 6 supplemental materials

Published
2021
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43. Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): A $\textit{WISE}$ study of the activity of emission-line systems in G23

Author

Yao, H. F. M., Jarrett, T. H., Cluver, M. E., Marchetti, L., Taylor, Edward N., Santos, M. G., Owers, Matt S., Lopez-Sanchez, Angel R., Gordon, Y. A., Brown, M. J. I., Brough, S., Phillipps, S., Holwerda, B. W., Hopkins, A. M., and Wang, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present a detailed study of emission-line systems in the GAMA G23 region, making use of $\textit{WISE}$ photometry that includes carefully measured resolved sources. After applying several cuts to the initial catalogue of $\sim$41,000 galaxies, we extract a sample of 9,809 galaxies. We then compare the spectral diagnostic (BPT) classification of 1154 emission-line galaxies (38$\%$ resolved in W1) to their location in the $\textit{WISE}$ colour-colour diagram, leading to the creation of a new zone for mid-infrared "warm" galaxies located 2$\sigma$ above the star-forming sequence, below the standard $\textit{WISE}$ AGN region. We find that the BPT and $\textit{WISE}$ diagrams agree on the classification for 85$\%$ and 8$\%$ of the galaxies as non-AGN (star forming = SF) and AGN, respectively, and disagree on $\sim$7$\%$ of the entire classified sample. 39$\%$ of the AGN (all types) are broad-line systems for which the [\ion{N}{ii}] and [H$\alpha$] fluxes can barely be disentangled, giving in most cases spurious [\ion{N}{ii}]/[H$\alpha$] flux ratios. However, several optical AGN appear to be completely consistent with SF in $\textit{WISE}$. We argue that these could be low power AGN, or systems whose hosts dominate the IR emission. Alternatively, given the sometimes high [\ion{O}{iii}] luminosity in these galaxies, the emission lines may be generated by shocks coming from super-winds associated with SF rather than the AGN activity. Based on our findings, we have created a new diagnostic: [W1-W2] vs [\ion{N}{ii}]/[H$\alpha$], which has the virtue of separating SF from AGN and high-excitation sources. It classifies 3$\sim$5 times more galaxies than the classic BPT, Comment: 43 pages, 32 figures, 4 tables

Published
2020
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44. Optimization of the JUNO liquid scintillator composition using a Daya Bay antineutrino detector

Author

Bay, Daya, collaborations, JUNO, Abusleme, A., Adam, T., Ahmad, S., Aiello, S., Akram, M., Ali, N., An, F. P., An, G. P., An, Q., Andronico, G., Anfimov, N., Antonelli, V., Antoshkina, T., Asavapibhop, B., de André, J. P. A. M., Babic, A., Balantekin, A. B., Baldini, W., Baldoncini, M., Band, H. R., Barresi, A., Baussan, E., Bellato, M., Bernieri, E., Biare, D., Birkenfeld, T., Bishai, M., Blin, S., Blum, D., Blyth, S., Bordereau, C., Brigatti, A., Brugnera, R., Budano, A., Burgbacher, P., Buscemi, M., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Butorov, I., Cabrera, A., Cai, H., Cai, X., Cai, Y. K., Cai, Z. Y., Cammi, A., Campeny, A., Cao, C. Y., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Caruso, R., Cerna, C., Chakaberia, I., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, P. A., Chen, P. P., Chen, S. M., Chen, S. J., Chen, X. R., Chen, Y. W., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Chepurnov, A., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiarello, F., Chiesa, D., Chimenti, P., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Chuvashova, A., Clementi, ., Clerbaux, B., Di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Corti, D., Costa, S., Corso, F. D., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., De La Taille, C., Deng, F. S., Deng, J. W., Deng, Z., Deng, Z. Y., Depnering, W., Diaz, M., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Dirgantara, B., Dmitrievsky, S., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Donchenko, G., Dong, J. M., Dornic, D., Doroshkevich, E., Dove, J., Dracos, M., Druillole, F., Du, S. X., Dusini, S., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Enqvist, T., Enzmann, H., Fabbri, A., Fajt, L., Fan, D. H., Fan, L., Fang, C., Fang, J., Fatkina, A., Fedoseev, D., Fekete, V., Feng, L. C., Feng, Q. C., Fiorentini, G., Ford, R., Formozov, A., Fournier, A., Franke, S., Gallo, J. P., Gan, H. N., Gao, F., Garfagnini, A., Göttel, A., Genster, C., Giammarchi, M., Giaz, A., Giudice, N., Giuliani, F., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gorchakov, O., Gornushkin, Y., Grassi, M., Grewing, C., Gromov, M., Gromov, V., Gu, M. H., Gu, W. Q., Gu, X. F., Gu, Y., Guan, M. Y., Guardone, N., Gul, M., Guo, C., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, W. L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Haacke, M., Hackenburg, R. W., Hackspacher, P., Hagner, C., Han, R., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., He, W., Heeger, K. M., Heinz, T., Heng, Y. K., Herrera, R., Higuera, A., Hong, D. J., Hor, Y. K., Hou, S. J., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, H., Hu, J. R., Hu, J., Hu, S. Y., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, C. H., Huang, G. H., Huang, H. X., Huang, Q. H., Huang, W. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Hui, J. Q., Huo, L., Huo, W. J., Huss, C., Hussain, S., Insolia, A., Ioannisian, A., Ioannisyan, D., Isocrate, R., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. Z., Jia, H. H., Jia, J. J., Jian, S. Y., Jiang, D., Jiang, X. S., Jin, R. Y., Jing, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jollet, C., Jones, D., Joutsenvaara, J., Jungthawan, S., Kalousis, L., Kampmann, P., Kang, L., Karagounis, M., Kazarian, N., Kettell, S. H., Khan, A., Khan, W., Khosonthongkee, K., Kinz, P., Kohn, S., Korablev, D., Kouzakov, K., Kramer, M., Krasnoperov, A., Krokhaleva, S., Krumshteyn, Z., Kruth, A., Kutovskiy, N., Kuusiniemi, P., Lachacinski, B., Lachenmaier, T., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lefevre, F., Lei, L., Lei, R., Leitner, R., Leung, J., Li, C., Li, D. M., Li, F., Li, H. T., Li, H. L., Li, J., Li, J. J., Li, J. Q., Li, K. J., Li, M. Z., Li, N., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S. C., Li, S. F., Li, S. J., Li, T., Li, W. D., Li, W. G., Li, X. M., Li, X. N., Li, X. L., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Li, Z. Y., Liang, H., Liang, J. J., Liebau, D., Limphirat, A., Limpijumnong, S., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S. X., Lin, T., Lin, Y. H., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Lippi, I., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, H. B., Liu, H. D., Liu, H. J., Liu, H. T., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, M., Liu, Q., Liu, R. X., Liu, S. Y., Liu, S. B., Liu, S. L., Liu, X. W., Liu, Y., Lokhov, A., Lombardi, P., Loo, K., Lorenz, S., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. B., Lu, J. G., Lu, S. X., Lu, X. X., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lubsandorzhiev, S., Ludhova, L., Luk, K. B., Luo, F. J., Luo, G., Luo, P. W., Luo, S., Luo, W. M., Lyashuk, V., Ma, Q. M., Ma, S., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Mantovani, F., Mao, Y. J., Mari, S. M., Marini, F., Marium, S., Marshall, C., Martellini, C., Martin-Chassard, G., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Martini, A., Martino, J., Mayilyan, D., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Müller, A., Meng, G., Meng, Y., Meregaglia, A., Meroni, E., Meyhöfer, D., Mezzetto, M., Miller, J., Miramonti, L., Monforte, S., Montini, P., Montuschi, M., Morozov, N., Muralidharan, P., Napolitano, J., Nastasi, M., Naumov, D. V., Naumova, E., Nemchenok, I., Nikolaev, A., Ning, F. P., Ning, Z., Nunokawa, H., Oberauer, L., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Ortica, F., Pan, H. R., Paoloni, A., Park, J., Parkalian, N., Parmeggiano, S., Patton, S., Payupol, T., Pec, V., Pedretti, D., Pei, Y. T., Pelliccia, N., Peng, A. G., Peng, H. P., Peng, J. C., Perrot, F., Petitjean, P. A., Rico, L. F. Pineres, Popov, A., Poussot, P., Pratumwan, W., Previtali, E., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, S., Qian, X., Qian, X. H., Qiao, H., Qin, Z. H., Qiu, S. K., Rajput, M., Ranucci, G., Raper, N., Re, A., Rebber, H., Rebii, A., Ren, B., Ren, J., Reveco, C. M., Rezinko, T., Ricci, B., Robens, M., Roche, M., Rodphai, N., Rohwer, L., Romani, A., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Roth, C., Ruan, X. C., Ruan, X. D., Rujirawat, S., Rybnikov, A., Sadovsky, A., Saggese, P., Salamanna, G., Sangka, A., Sanguansak, N., Sawangwit, U., Sawatzki, J., Sawy, F., Schever, M., Schuler, J., Schwab, C., Schweizer, K., Selivanov, D., Selyunin, A., Serafini, A., Settanta, G., Settimo, M., Shahzad, M., Shi, G., Shi, J. Y., Shi, Y. J., Shutov, V., Sidorenkov, A., Simkovic, F., Sirignano, C., Siripak, J., Sisti, M., Slupecki, M., Smirnov, M., Smirnov, O., Sogo-Bezerra, T., Songwadhana, J., Soonthornthum, B., Sotnikov, A., Sramek, O., Sreethawong, W., Stahl, A., Stanco, L., Stankevich, K., Stefanik, D., Steiger, H., Steiner, H., Steinmann, J., Stender, M., Strati, V., Studenikin, A., Sun, G. X., Sun, L. T., Sun, J. L., Sun, S. F., Sun, X. L., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Y. Z., Suwonjandee, N., Szelezniak, M., Tang, J., Tang, Q., Tang, X., Tietzsch, A., Tkachev, I., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Troni, G., Trzaska, W., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Tuve, C., van Waasen, S., Boom, J. Vanden, Vassilopoulos, N., Vedin, V., Verde, G., Vialkov, M., Viaud, B., Viren, B., Volpe, C., Vorobel, V., Votano, L., Walker, P., Wang, C., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, G. L., Wang, J., Wang, K. Y., Wang, L., Wang, M. F., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, S. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. S., Wang, X., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. G., Wang, Y. M., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wang, Z. Y., Watcharangkool, A., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wei, Y. D., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wiebusch, C., Wong, S. C. F., Wong, H. L. H., Wonsak, B., Worcester, E., Wu, C. H., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Wu, Z., Wurm, M., Wurtz, J., Wysotzki, C., Xi, Y. F., Xia, D. M., Xie, Y. G., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, F. R., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, M. H., Xu, T., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, B. J., Yan, X. B., Yan, Y. P., Yang, A. B., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, J., Yang, L., Yang, X. Y., Yang, Y. F., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Yasin, Z., Ye, J. X., Ye, M., Yegin, U., Yeh, M., Yermia, F., Yi, P. H., You, Z. Y., Young, B. L., Yu, B. X., Yu, C. X., Yu, C. Y., Yu, H. Z., Yu, M., Yu, X. H., Yu, Z. Y., Yuan, C. Z., Yuan, Y., Yuan, Z. X., Yuan, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zafar, N., Zambanini, A., Zeng, P., Zeng, S., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, Y. D., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, H. Q., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, P., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, T., Zhang, X. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, F. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R., Zhao, S. J., Zhao, T. C., Zheng, D. Q., Zheng, H., Zheng, M. S., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, W. R., Zhou, J., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhou, S., Zhou, X., Zhu, J., Zhu, K. J., Zhuang, H. L., Zong, L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

To maximize the light yield of the liquid scintillator (LS) for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), a 20 t LS sample was produced in a pilot plant at Daya Bay. The optical properties of the new LS in various compositions were studied by replacing the gadolinium-loaded LS in one antineutrino detector. The concentrations of the fluor, PPO, and the wavelength shifter, bis-MSB, were increased in 12 steps from 0.5 g/L and <0.01 mg/L to 4 g/L and 13 mg/L, respectively. The numbers of total detected photoelectrons suggest that, with the optically purified solvent, the bis-MSB concentration does not need to be more than 4 mg/L. To bridge the one order of magnitude in the detector size difference between Daya Bay and JUNO, the Daya Bay data were used to tune the parameters of a newly developed optical model. Then, the model and tuned parameters were used in the JUNO simulation. This enabled to determine the optimal composition for the JUNO LS: purified solvent LAB with 2.5 g/L PPO, and 1 to 4 mg/L bis-MSB., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures

Published
2020

45. Search For Electron-Antineutrinos Associated With Gravitational-Wave Events GW150914, GW151012, GW151226, GW170104, GW170608, GW170814, and GW170817 at Daya Bay

Author

An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gallo, J. P., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Peng, J. C., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Providing a possible connection between neutrino emission and gravitational-wave (GW) bursts is important to our understanding of the physical processes that occur when black holes or neutron stars merge. In the Daya Bay experiment, using data collected from December 2011 to August 2017, a search has been performed for electron-antineutrino signals coinciding with detected GW events, including GW150914, GW151012, GW151226, GW170104, GW170608, GW170814, and GW170817. We used three time windows of $\mathrm{\pm 10~s}$, $\mathrm{\pm 500~s}$, and $\mathrm{\pm 1000~s}$ relative to the occurrence of the GW events, and a neutrino energy range of 1.8 to 100 MeV to search for correlated neutrino candidates. The detected electron-antineutrino candidates are consistent with the expected background rates for all the three time windows. Assuming monochromatic spectra, we found upper limits (90% confidence level) on electron-antineutrino fluence of $(1.13~-~2.44) \times 10^{11}~\rm{cm^{-2}}$ at 5 MeV to $8.0 \times 10^{7}~\rm{cm^{-2}}$ at 100 MeV for the three time windows. Under the assumption of a Fermi-Dirac spectrum, the upper limits were found to be $(5.4~-~7.0)\times 10^{9}~\rm{cm^{-2}}$ for the three time windows., Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures, 9 tables

Published
2020
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46. Improved Constraints on Sterile Neutrino Mixing from Disappearance Searches in the MINOS, MINOS+, Daya Bay, and Bugey-3 Experiments

Author

Bay, Daya, Collaborations, MINOS, Adamson, P., An, F. P., Anghel, I., Aurisano, A., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Barr, G., Bishai, M., Blake, A., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cao, S. V., Carroll, T. J., Castromonte, C. M., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, R., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Childress, S., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Coelho, J. A. B., Cummings, J. P., Dash, N., De Rijck, S., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Dvořák, M., Dwyer, D. A., Evans, J. J., Feldman, G. J., Flanagan, W., Gabrielyan, M., Gallo, J. P., Germani, S., Gomes, R. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gouffon, P., Graf, N., Grzelak, K., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Habig, A., Hackenburg, R. W., Hahn, S. R., Hans, S., Hartnell, J., Hatcher, R., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Holin, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kordosky, M., Kramer, M., Kreymer, A., Lang, K., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Lucas, P., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mann, W. A., Marshak, M. L., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Mayer, N., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mehdiyev, R., Meier, J. R., Meng, Y., Miller, W. H., Mills, G., Lepin, L. Mora, Naples, D., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nelson, J. K., Nichol, R. J., O'Connor, J., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pahlka, R. B., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pavlović, Z., Pawloski, G., Peng, J. C., Perch, A., Pfützner, M. M., Phan, D. D., Plunkett, R. K., Poonthottathil, N., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, X., Radovic, A., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Sail, P., Sanchez, M. C., Schneps, J., Schreckenberger, A., Shaheed, N., Sharma, R., Sousa, A., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tagg, N., Thomas, J., Thomson, M. A., Timmons, A., Tmej, T., Todd, J., Tognini, S. C., Toner, R., Torretta, D., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Vahle, P., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Weber, A., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C., Whitehead, L. H., Wojcicki, S. G., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., and Zhuang, H. L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Searches for electron antineutrino, muon neutrino, and muon antineutrino disappearance driven by sterile neutrino mixing have been carried out by the Daya Bay and MINOS+ collaborations. This Letter presents the combined results of these searches, along with exclusion results from the Bugey-3 reactor experiment, framed in a minimally extended four-neutrino scenario. Significantly improved constraints on the $\theta_{\mu e}$ mixing angle are derived that constitute the most stringent limits to date over five orders of magnitude in the sterile mass-squared splitting $\Delta m^2_{41}$, excluding the 90% C.L. sterile-neutrino parameter space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE observations at 90% CL$_s$ for $\Delta m^2_{41}<5\,$eV$^2$.Furthermore, the LSND and MiniBooNE 99% C.L. allowed regions are excluded at 99% CL$_s$ for $\Delta m^2_{41}$ $<$ 1.2 eV$^2$., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

Published
2020
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50. Measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

Author

An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, H. T., D'Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Di Santo, M., Ding, M., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Guo, X. L., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wen, S. C., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., and Zimmer, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is necessary to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic ray proton fluxes with kinetic energies from 40 GeV to 100 TeV, with two and a half years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE). This is the first time an experiment directly measures the cosmic ray protons up to ~100 TeV with a high statistics. The measured spectrum confirms the spectral hardening found by previous experiments and reveals a softening at ~13.6 TeV, with the spectral index changing from ~2.60 to ~2.85. Our result suggests the existence of a new spectral feature of cosmic rays at energies lower than the so-called knee, and sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays., Comment: 37 pages, 5 figures, published in Science Advances

Published
2019
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