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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in patients with secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus by using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Methods 3.0T MRI was performed on 22 patients before and 1 month after their ventriculoperitoneal shunts, DTI and DTT imaging were performed simultaneously. We recorded the values of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity(MD) around the ventricle, the number of white matter fiber tracts around the lateral ventricle, and the orientation and distribution of neural fiber tracts. Results After ventriculoperitoneal shunts were performed, the values of FA and MD were decreased significantly (P < 0.01), the number of white matter fiber tracts around the lateral ventricle were obviously increased (P < 0.01), and the compression rate of fiber tracts was reduced (P < 0.01). Among the poor rehabilitative patients, the values of FA and MD around the ventricle were decreased significantly (P < 0.01). We calculated the differences of FA value (dFA) and MD value (dMD) and the number of fiber tracts before and after operation, the results suggested that the dFA was higher in the patients of better rehabilitation than those of poor rehabilitative outcomes. The dMD were higher and the number of fiber tracts was increased in the better rehabilitative patients(P < 0.01). Conclusion The relevant items of DTI and DTT are significantly improved in the poor effective patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus after ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The changes of FA value around the lateral ventricle can predict the efficacy of the surgery. DTI and DTT techniques provide certain and valuable guidance for the organic improvement after ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Rationale and Objectives: Different histology and gene status of gliomas results in different natural history, treatment, and prognosis in different subgroups. Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted are kind of gliomas with the most favorable outcome, reflecting operational strategy. Less invasive method for prediction of pathological type-even gene status-is desired.Materials and Methods: This study investigates the potential ability of methionine-positron emission tomography (MET-PET) to determine LGGs with IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted through a retrospective review of information of 70 glioma patients. Patients underwent preoperative MET-PET, followed by operation and histopathological analysis including Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction analysis for IDH-mutant and fluorescence capillary electrophoresis analysis for 1p/19q codeletion. Texture analysis was performed for further data mining. The t-test and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were conducted for statistical analysis.Results: In the whole cohort analysis, SUVmax, SUVmean and texture features (SD and median) of oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted patients were lower than these values of other patients. In WHO grade II subgroup analysis, no statistical difference of conventional features was observed between groups. Texture analysis displayed higher diffEntropy, diffVariance, and entropy in oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted patients. Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested AUCs of some conventional features and texture features ranged from 0.722 to 0.892 that are effective for diagnosis, determining LGGs with IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted in this cohort and WHO II grade glioma subgroup analysis respectively.Conclusion: 11C-Methionine integrated PET/MRI based texture analysis and conventional features may be a promising noninvasive predictor for differentiating the varied gliomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant non-histone nuclear protein that functions as a structural protein of chromatin, regulating genome replication and recombination, mRNA transcription and DNA repair. HMGB1 has been implicated in the tumorigenesis of various cancer types, and the upregulation of HMGB1 has been demonstrated in glioma cells. However, the association between HMGB1 and the mitotic chromosomes in glioma remains uncharacterized. In the present study, the sub-cellular localization of HMGB1 in glioma tissues and cells was investigated. In addition, enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagging of the human HMGB1 protein and chromosome spreading were used to investigate the combination of HMGB1 with mitotic chromosomes. The results of the current study indicated that HMGB1 was localized to the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and it was determined to combine with the condensed chromosomes of proliferating cells in paraformaldehyde (PFA)-fixed glioma tissues. However, HMGB1 was also associated with interphase (but not mitotic chromosomes) when fixed with chilled methanol and 5% (v/v) acetic acid or PFA in vitro. Data from live cell imaging and chromosome spreading indicated the association of HMGB1 with mitotic chromosomes in glioma cells. The present results suggest that HMGB1 combines with mitotic chromosomes in glioma cells, and that the use of fixatives may result in the dissociation of the HMGB1-DNA interaction. Therefore, in live specimens and chromosome spreads, EGFP fusion proteins may represent an accurate indicator for the determination of the correct localization and interaction of HMGB1 in glioma cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale and Objectives: Different histology and gene status of gliomas results in different natural history, treatment, and prognosis in different subgroups. Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted are kind of gliomas with the most favorable outcome, reflecting operational strategy. Less invasive method for prediction of pathological type-even gene status-is desired., Materials and Methods: This study investigates the potential ability of methionine-positron emission tomography (MET-PET) to determine LGGs with IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted through a retrospective review of information of 70 glioma patients. Patients underwent preoperative MET-PET, followed by operation and histopathological analysis including Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction analysis for IDH-mutant and fluorescence capillary electrophoresis analysis for 1p/19q codeletion. Texture analysis was performed for further data mining. The t-test and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were conducted for statistical analysis., Results: In the whole cohort analysis, SUVmax, SUVmean and texture features (SD and median) of oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted patients were lower than these values of other patients. In WHO grade II subgroup analysis, no statistical difference of conventional features was observed between groups. Texture analysis displayed higher diffEntropy, diffVariance, and entropy in oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted patients. Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested AUCs of some conventional features and texture features ranged from 0.722 to 0.892 that are effective for diagnosis, determining LGGs with IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted in this cohort and WHO II grade glioma subgroup analysis respectively., Conclusion: 11 C-Methionine integrated PET/MRI based texture analysis and conventional features may be a promising noninvasive predictor for differentiating the varied gliomas., (Copyright © 2019 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)