Search

A DNA walker triggered exponential amplification method based on freezing construction of AuNP probes is developed to detect ricin, showing a lower detection limit, satisfactory specificity, and excellent stability in practical application.

Acoustofluidics offers contact-free manipulation of particles and fluids, enabling their uses in various life sciences, such as for biological and medical applications. Recently, there have been extensive studies on acoustic streaming-based acoustofluidics, which are formed inside a liquid agitated by leaky surface acoustic waves (SAWs) through applying radio frequency signals to interdigital transducers (IDTs) on a piezoelectric substrate. This paper aims to describe acoustic streaming-based acoustofluidics and provide readers with an unbiased perspective to determine which IDT structural designs and techniques are most suitable for their research. This review, first, qualitatively and quantitatively introduces underlying physics of acoustic streaming. Then, it comprehensively discusses the fundamental designs of IDT technology for generating various types of acoustic streaming phenomena. Acoustic streaming-related methodologies and the corresponding biomedical applications are highlighted and discussed, according to either standing surface acoustic waves or traveling surface acoustic waves generated, and also sessile droplets or continuous fluids used. Traveling SAW-based acoustofluidics generate various physical phenomena including mixing, concentration, rotation, pumping, jetting, nebulization/atomization, and droplet generation, as well as mixing and concentration of liquid in a channel/chamber. Standing SAWs induce streaming for digital and continuous acoustofluidics, which can be used for mixing, sorting, and trapping in a channel/chamber. Key challenges, future developments, and directions for acoustic streaming-based acoustofluidics are finally discussed.

Enzyme-based catalyzed reactions are of increasing importance in organic synthesis as they are eco-friendly and allow a multitude of selective and efficient reactions in aqueous system. In this wor...

To compare the outcomes between peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC)+cord blood and PBSC+bone marrow (BM) grafts in the setting of haploidentical donor (HID) transplantation, 110 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study, including 54 recipients of haplo-PBSC+cord transplants and 56 recipients of haplo-PBSC+BM transplants. Chimerism analyses revealed that by day 30 post-transplantation, 94.3% of surviving patients in the haplo-PBSC+cord group had achieved full haploidentical chimerism and 5.7% had10% cord chimerism, whereas 100% of surviving patients in the haplo-PBSC+BM group had achieved full donor chimerism. The cumulative incidence of platelet engraftment at 30 days was 92.6% in the haplo-PBSC+cord group versus 89.3% in the haplo-PBSC+BM group (P =.024), that of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at 100 days was 31.5% versus 48.2% (P =.060), and 1-year relapse was 13.0% versus 25.0% (P =.027), nonrelapse mortality was 9.3% versus 12.5% (P =.76), disease-free survival (DFS) was 77.7% versus 62.5% (P =.028), and overall survival (OS) was 81.4% versus 69.6% (P =.046). Multivariate analysis identified haplo-PBSC+cord transplantation as a protective factor for relapse (hazard ratio [HR], .31; P =.007), DFS (HR, .40; P =.007), and OS (HR, .44; P =.016). Overall, haplo-PBSC+cord transplantation led to faster platelet engraftment, lower relapse, and superior DFS and OS compared with haplo-PBSC+BM transplantation and thus might be a better transplant mode in the setting of HID transplantation.

Background Identification of biomarkers for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is important for treating this malignancy. Recent studies have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are stably detectable in the blood/plasma and can be used as biomarkers for various types of cancer including AML. The aim of this study was to analyze miR‐223 level in serum as a potential indicator for AML diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to detect the levels of miR‐223 in the serum samples from 131 patients and 70 healthy individuals. Results The results revealed that serum miR‐223 was underexpressed in AML patients, particularly those in intermediate and unfavorable cytogenetic risk groups. Further analysis revealed that serum miR‐223 could yield a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.849 with 83.2% sensitivity and 81.4% specificity. Moreover, a significant increase in serum miR‐223 level was observed in AML subjects after their treatment. Reduced serum miR‐223 level was highly associated with aggressive clinical variables and shorter survival of patients. Furthermore, miR‐223 expression was identified to be an independent prognostic predictor of worse overall survival. Conclusion In conclusion, miR‐223 may be a reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for AML.

Objective The agranulocytosis-associated perianal infection (PI) rate ranges from 60% to 100% among patients with hematopoietic malignancies. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a quality control circle (QCC) to minimize the PI rate. Methods Among 274 patients with severe immunodeficiency (agranulocytosis of ≥2 weeks) in our bone marrow transplantation center, the PI rate was 17.20%. A QCC was established following the 10 steps of the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) model; this was scientifically supported by culturing the bacterial colony from patients’ perianal skin to determine the sanitization effect and interval time. Because a warm aqueous solution of potassium permanganate is recommended for sanitization, the bacterial colony culture was also used to determine the proper drug concentration, water temperature, and soaking time. All procedures were standardized. Patients, hospital staff, and medical students were enrolled into the QCC team based on the patient–hospital–student (PHS) win–win concept. Results After establishment of the PDCA model, the PI rate among 253 patients decreased from 17.20% to 5.93% and remained at 5.25% during the following year. The medical expenses and length of hospital stay consequently decreased. Conclusion The QCC and PHS win–win concept can reduce the PI rate and promote medical quality.

A simple, rapid, inexpensive, eco-friendly, and high-throughput biological strategy for the preparation of functional microspheres on a yeast-cell platform was introduced. Microspheres prepared through the treatment of yeast cells with formaldehyde and decoating buffer exhibited excellent characteristics, such as superior mechanical strength, high sulfhydryl group content, and mesoporous structure. Au nanoparticles (NPs) easily and rapidly self-assembled onto the surfaces of the yeast-based microspheres within 5 min to form rigid yeast@Au microspheres with high monodispersity and uniformity. The rapid formation of yeast@Au microspheres mainly involved the enhancement of sulfhydryl groups and mesoporosity. The yeast@Au microspheres were successfully used in a flow cytometry immunoassay to detect Pseudorabies viral infection events. Signal-to-noise ratio was enhanced by approximately 49.4-fold. The presence of Au NPs on the yeast-based microspheres greatly improved sensitivity by decreasing noise through reducing nonspecific adsorption, highly enhancing the fluorescence signal caused by the surface plasmon resonance effect, and increasing the coupling efficiency of the capture protein. The presented method was used to analyze 81 clinical swine serum specimens. The results obtained by this developed method were compared to those of commercial diagnostic kits. The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the developed method were 92.31, 88.24, and 88.89%, respectively. The excellent characteristics of the yeast@Au microspheres illustrate its great potential for high-throughput immunoassay applications in the fields of disease diagnosis, environmental analysis, and food safety.

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are major causes of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, the impacts of IFD on chronic GVHD remain unknown. We conducted a retrospective study of 510 patients with hematologic malignancy undergoing allo-HSCT to explore the effects of IFD on chronic GVHD. The 2-year cumulative incidences of overall (limited and extensive) and extensive chronic GVHD post-transplantation were higher in patients with IFD compared with those without IFD (69.5% ± 4.2% versus 32.9% ± 2.4%, P

Objective: Platelet is a crucial medical resource to ensure the quality and patient safety in healthcare. A project research Quality Control Circle (prQCC) was applied to this platelet shortage challenge in a level 3 Grade A hospital of South China. Materials and Methods: (1) A prQCC team was established based on the win-win team model. (2) By system diagram analyzing, the prQCC focused on improving the donation of the society. (3) The differences between regular donors and ordinary volunteers were analyzed using questionnaires, and four strategies were integrated and implemented according to the analysis of the requirements from donors and volunteers. (4) The platelet supply as well as tangible and intangible achievements were collected and evaluated. Results: More donors were recruited, including 313 ordinary volunteers and 76 regular donors, 226 units of platelets were donated directly. The platelet supply in the department of hematology has increased to 121.95% (from 4792 to 5844 units) versus 105.56% (from 9488.5 to 10016 units) in the hospital. Each participant of this prQCC benefited from tangible and intangible achievements, with a closed win-win loop formed. Conclusions: The prQCC is an efficient tool to improve platelet supply; and the win-win team model is also potentially useful in other areas of quality in healthcare, and thereafter worth spreading.

Continuous IV infusion of MESNA can prevent hemorrhagic cystitis in HSCT and retain MESNA concentration in urine

We aimed to evaluate the safety and long-term efficacy of autologous peripheral blood haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (APHSCT).We did not want to evaluate the efficacy of antibodies but rather the clinical response by investigating progression-free survival and serologic response by assessing autoantibody titres and complement levels.Overall, 22 patients with SLE (17 females; median age, 23 years) undergoing APHSCT were included. The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 77.27% at our centre. We found that all the patients survived over three years. The 5-year PFS and overall survival (OS) rate was 67.90% and 95.20%. The titres of antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody (anti-dsDNA), anti-Sm antibody, and 24-h urinary protein significantly decreased, while complements 3 (C3) and C4 normalised at 100 days after transplantation (p0.05). Kidney re-biopsy revealed a decrease in immune complex deposits in patients with remission. The incidence of CMV reactivation was 59.09% after transplantation in 3 years. Pregnancy and childbirth were reported in three female patients after transplantation. The risk of post-transplantation complications persisted for many years.Immunoablation followed by APHSCT has the potential to induce long-term clinical and serologic remissions despite withdrawal of immunosuppressive maintenance therapy. While relapses may occur, in our small cohort of patients we found no predictive markers for relapse development by analysing antibody and complement levels and urinary proteinuria.

Background Pemphigus is a rare and fatal autoimmune disease for which the treatment options are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (APHSCT) for pemphigus. Methods We conducted APHSCT for 12 pemphigus patients (seven males and five females, mean age 23.8 years) with life-threatening complications or who responded poorly to conventional therapy. Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized with cyclophosphamide, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and rituximab, and purified autologous CD34+ stem cells were infused. Overall survival rate, progression-free survival, and adverse events were recorded. Results With a mean follow-up period of 80.3 months, overall survival and complete clinical remission rates were 92% (11/12) and 75% (9/12), respectively. Adverse effects included pyrexia, allergy, infection, and elevation of enzymes. Only one patient died of severe sepsis and multiple organ failure 2 months after APHSCT. Conclusion Overall APHSCT is a promising therapeutic option for pemphigus.

Introduction: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). In contrast to acute GVHD, cGVHD is an autoimmune-like syndrome. The clinical manifestations of cGVHD are highly variable, including skin pathology varying from lichen planus-like lesions to full sclerosis, oral lichen planus-like lesions, muscle or joint fasciitis, and bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) (Bruce Blazar et. al. Blood 2016). Recently, extrafollicular CD4+ T- and B- cell interactions are gaining more and more attentions in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. It has been reported that mice with cGVHD had an expansion of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells (Ruishu D et. al. Nature communications 2017). It is still unclear whether extrafollicular CD4+ T helper cells play an important role in the development of human cGVHD or not. Methods: A total of 70 patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT at Nanfang Hospital between June 2015 and June 2017 were enrolled in this experimental study. The diagnosis and grade of cGVHD was made at the time of sample collection according to National Institutes of Health criteria (Howard M.S. et. al. BBMT 2015). Comparison of three means was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test. Comparison of two means was analyzed using an unpaired two-tailed Student t-test. Correlation studies were performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: We found that the frequency and count of circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh) markedly decreased in patients with active cGVHD compared with patients without cGVHD (median, 3.16% vs 1.19% of CD4+ T cells; P Conclusions: These results demonstrate that expansion of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of human cGVHD. Targeting extrafollicular CD4+ T-B-cell interactions may be an effective strategy in patients with cGVHD. Disclosures Yang: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Zhang:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Fan:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Huang:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Chai:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Xuan:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Chen:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding.

A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of highly substituted thiophenes has been developed and employed for the preparation of a small focused library. Treatment of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds 1 with CS2 in the presence of K2CO3 in DMF at room temperature, followed by stepwise addition of alkyl bromides 2 and methylene active bromides 3, provided via intramolecular cyclization 2,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted thiophenes 4 in yields of 77-94%. This protocol, combining construction and modification of the thiophene ring, increases the structural diversity of final products from readily available materials. A mechanism for the one-pot synthesis of thiophenes of type 4 has been proposed. A small focused library of thiophenes is prepared using the sequential addition of reagents to achieve unique substitution in the 2 and 5 position of the thiophene ring.

3-[Bis(ethylthio)methylene]pentane-2,4-dione (1a) and 3-[bis(benzylthio)methylene]pentane-2,4-dione (1b) have been investigated as non-thiolic and odorless thiol equivalents in thia-Michael addition reactions. In the presence of aqueous p-dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), compound (1) was cleaved and the generated thiols underwent facile conjugate addition to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones 2 in-situ, affording the corresponding beta-keto sulfides (3) in good yields.

A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of substituted D 1 -pyrrolines in aqueous media has been developed. Upon treatmentwith aqueous sodium hydroxide in N , N -dimethylformamide, arange of chalcones underwent room temperature Michael additionreactions with nitroalkanes. The resulting adducts were directly re-duced in situ with Zn/HCl (aq) and subsequently underwent an in-tramolecular cyclization, affording the corresponding substitutedD 1 -pyrrolines in high yields. Key words: chalcones, cyclizations, Michael additions, hydroge-nations, pyrrolines Over the past few decades, the use of nitroalkanes as keybuilding blocks in organic synthesis has been steadilygrowing. They are easily available, versatile, and stabi-lized carbon nucleophiles that can react with commonelectrophiles such as haloalkanes, aldehydes, and Michaelacceptors, leading to carbon–carbon bond formation. 1,2 With regard to the Michael addition reactions of nitroal-kanes, the adducts obtained still retain the nitro functionand, therefore, are capable of undergoing subsequenttransformation of the nitro group after the main additionprocess. The nitro group can be removed from the mole-cule by two distinct strategies: 1) replacement of the nitrogroup with hydrogen through a nucleophilic addition-den-itration process

A faccile and efficient one-pot synthesis of highly substituted thiophenes has been developed and employed for the preparation of a small focused library. Treatment of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds 1 with CS2 in the presence of K2CO3 in DMF at room temperature, followed by stepwise addition of alkyl bromides 2 and methylene active bromides 3, provided via intramolecular cyclization 2,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted thiophenes 4 in yields of 77-94%. This protocol, combining construction and modification of the thiophene ring, increases the structural diversity of final products from readily available materials. A mechanism for the one-pot synthesis of thiophenes of type 4 has been proposed. A small focused library of thiophenes is prepared using the sequential addition of reagents to achieve unique substitution in the 2 and 5 position of the thiophene ring

The group of experts' discussion is one of the main working schemes in hall for workshop of meta-synthetic engineering (HWME) from qualitative to quantitative. A new opinions expression and induction system to support the group discussion is devised and implemented in this paper, which provides the group with an effective tool of opinions expression and online discussion through computer and network. The speeches of experts are structurized to express the logical relationship and structure of them in the system. The opinions can also be automatically analyzed and gathered by the system, and merged according to the similarity of them. Human intelligence and machine intelligence can be combined to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of group discussion in the system. The system has been applied in a prototype system of HWME developed by the author's group and is proved to be feasible in practice.

3-[Bis(ethylthio)methylene]pentane-2,4-dione (1a) and 3-[bis(benzylthio)methylene]pentane-2,4-dione (1b) have been investigated as non-thiolic and odorless thiol equivalents in thia-Michael addition reactions. In the presence of aqueous p-dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), compound (1) was cleaved and the generated thiols underwent facile conjugate addition to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones 2 in-situ, affording the corresponding beta-keto sulfides (3) in good yields.

Thioacetalization using 2‐(1,3‐dithian‐2‐ylidene)malonic acid 1 as a nonthiolic, odorless 1,3‐propanedithiol equivalent promoted by p‐dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid in water has been achieved. A range of selected carbonyl compounds 2 was converted into the corresponding dithioacetals 3 in high yields. Moreover, the thioacetalization showed high chemoselectivity between aldehydes and ketones.

A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of substituted D 1 -pyrrolines in aqueous media has been developed. Upon treatmentwith aqueous sodium hydroxide in N , N -dimethylformamide, arange of chalcones underwent room temperature Michael additionreactions with nitroalkanes. The resulting adducts were directly re-duced in situ with Zn/HCl (aq) and subsequently underwent an in-tramolecular cyclization, affording the corresponding substitutedD 1 -pyrrolines in high yields. Key words: chalcones, cyclizations, Michael additions, hydroge-nations, pyrrolines Over the past few decades, the use of nitroalkanes as keybuilding blocks in organic synthesis has been steadilygrowing. They are easily available, versatile, and stabi-lized carbon nucleophiles that can react with commonelectrophiles such as haloalkanes, aldehydes, and Michaelacceptors, leading to carbon–carbon bond formation. 1,2 With regard to the Michael addition reactions of nitroal-kanes, the adducts obtained still retain the nitro functionand, therefore, are capable of undergoing subsequenttransformation of the nitro group after the main additionprocess. The nitro group can be removed from the mole-cule by two distinct strategies: 1) replacement of the nitrogroup with hydrogen through a nucleophilic addition-den-itration process

BACKGROUND: Acute hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), a severe complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), being considered mainly as a result of cyclophosphamide (CTX), seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Mesna, whose half-life is about 70min, is widely used to prevent HC. OBJECTIVE: Our previous work proved that the continuous intravenous injection of Mesna using micro pump can help prevent HC in HSCT. This study expanded the sample size to research further,Mesna concentration in urine or serum were detected to explore the mechanism of action. METHODS: (1) 394 patients who underwent allogenic HSCT in Nanfang hospital from January 2003 to June 2014were recruited into this study (247male and 147 female). All patients received BuCy or TBI-Cy basedconditioning regimens, in which CTX were given 60mg/kg·d, d-3,-2: or GIAC regimen, in which CTX were given 1.8g/m2, d-5, -4. Intravenous injection of Mesna was used to prevent HC continuously using micro pump (continuous group, n=234) or intermittently (intermittent group, n=160). (2) Patients in two groups received the same daily dose of Mesna. In the intermittent group, 25% of Mesna’s daily dosage was injected at 0h, 3h, 6h and 9h after the use of CTX at each time-point; while in the continuous group, 25% of Mesna’s daily dosage was injected before the use of CTX, with the rest of the dosage being continuously injected intravenously for 24hs using micro-infusion pump (25% daily dosage of Mesna dissolved in 40ml 0.9% sodium chloride lasting for 8h was given, q8h), from the first dose of CTX till 48hs after the last injection of CTX. Incidences and grades of HC in the two groups were followed up and analyzed. (3)The Mesna concentration in urine and serum of the continuous group was detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), with the test of the mean concentration at four time points. As all the patients were changed from the intermittent to the continuous group since 2009, hence, we are now testing for the Mesna concentration in the continuous group only. Patients in other hospitals will be involved in trials for future research. RESULTS: (1) Within 30d after transplantation, HC occurs in 30 of the 160 (18.75%) cases in the intermittent group vs. 17 of 234(7.26%) in the continuous group (P=0.001). Within 60d after transplantation, HC occurs in 45 of 160 (28.13%) cases in the intermittent group (17 cases of I°, 18 cases of II°, 8 cases of III°, 2 cases of IV°) with the mean occurrence time being +19.77d (-5-+42d); while only 30 of 234 (12.82%) cases (17 cases of I°, 9 cases of II°, 4 cases of III°, 0 cases of IV°) in the continuous group with the mean time of +27.20d (-3d-+58d). There were statistical significances of the incidence within 60d (P=0.000123) and occurrence time (P=0.037), however there was no statistical significances of grade/severity (P=0.063) of HC between the two groups. (2) Logistic regression analysis shows that within 30d after transplantation, the HC occurrences were related with the procedure of Mesna infusion (P=0.001), with continuous Mesna injection being a protective factor (OR=0.270, 95% CI=0.121-0.599); while age, sex, 24h mean liquid intake, 24h mean excretion, 24h mean urinary volume (each P>0.2) and HLA matching (P=0.093) were unrelated factors. Within 60d after transplantation, the HC occurrences relate with with the procedure of Mesna infusion (P CONCLUSION: Continuous intravenous injection of Mesna is efficient in the prevention of HC in HSCT. Maintaining the Mesna concentration at a certain level in urine or serum is the key factor in reducing the incidence rate of HC significantly. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Objective Acute hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), a severe complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), being considered mainly as a result of cyclophosphamide (CTX), seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Mesna, whose half-life is about 70min, is widely used to prevent HC. Aim of this research is to explore the effect of preventing HC in HSCT by continuous intravenous injection of mesna using micro pump on HC in HSCT. Methods (1) 359 patients who underwent allogenic HSCT in Nanfang hospital from January 2003 to December 2012 were recruited into this study (227 male and 132 female). Conditioning regimens were BuCy or TBI-Cy, in which CTX were given 60mg/kg·d,d-3,-2; or GIAC, in which CTX were given 1.8g/m2, d-5, -4. Intravenous injection of mesna was used to prevent HC continuously using micro pump (continuous group, n=250) or intermittently (intermittent group, n=185). Graft versus host disease (GVHD) prevention regimen was cyclosporine A+MTX for HLA-matched sibling donors and cyclosporine A+MTX+ATG for unrelated donors or HLA partial-matched related donors. (2) Both groups received the same daily dose of mesna, which is about 150% of CTX daily dosage. In the intermittent group, 25% of mesna’s daily dosage was injected at 0h, 3h, 6h and 9h after the use of CTX at each time-point; while in the continuous group, 25% of mesna’s daily dosage was injected before the use of CTX, with the rest dosage being continuously injected intravenously for 24hs using micro-infusion pump (25% daily dosage of mesna dissolved in 40ml 0.9% sodium chloride lasting for 8h was given, q8h), from the first dose of CTX till 48hs after the last injection of CTX. Incidences and grades of HC in the two groups were followed up and analyzed. (3)The mesna concentration in urine of two groups was detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), with the comparison of the trough concentrations and the peak concentration. Results (1) Within 30d after transplantation, HC occurs in 30 of the 160 (18.75%) cases in the intermittent group vs. 16 of 199(8.04%) in the continuous group (P=0.00077). Within 60d after transplantation, HC occurs in 45 of 160 (28.13%) cases in the intermittent group (17cases of I°, 18cases of II°, 8 cases of III°, 2 cases of IV°) with the mean occurrence time being +18.16d (-5-+41d); while only 24 of 199 (12.06%) cases (15 cases of I°, 6 cases of II°, 3 cases of III°, 0 cases of IV°) in the continuous group with the mean time of +26.58d (+2d-+58d). There were statistical significances of the incidence within 60d(P=0.000123) and occurrence time(P=0.018), however there was no statistical significances of grade/severity (P=0.057) of HC between the two groups. (2) Logistic regression analysis shows that within 30d after transplantation, the HC occurrences relates with the way of using mesna (P=0.004), with continuous mesna injection being a protective factor (OR=0.299, 95% CI=0.130-0.684); while age, sex, 24h mean liquid intake, 24h mean excretion, 24h mean urinary volume (each P>0.2) and HLA matching (P=0.099) were unrelated factor. Within 60d after transplantation, the HC occurrences relates with the way of using mesna (P=0.001)and GVHD (P=0.007); continuous mesna injection is a protective factor (OR=0.296, 95% CI=0.146-0.600) and HLA matching is a risk factor (OR=2.422, 95%CI=1.280-4.580). (3) Althrough 73 samples were detected by HPLC for mesna in urine, there were no significant difference of peak and trough concentration between groups. Discussion Early occurrence of HC is mostly related to high dose of cyclophosphamide, while late occurrence of HC can also be related with GVHD and infections. The continuous injection of mesna is a better way for the prevention of HC in HSCT patients, due to its short half-life of mesna. While injection with micro-infusion pump can reduce liquid intake, especially suitable for those who have heart or kidney dysfunctions. Conclusion Continuous intravenous injection of mesna is efficient to prevent HC in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Abstract 3015FN2 Objective: Acute hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), a severe complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), being considered mainly as a result of cyclophosphamide (CTX), seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Mesna, whose half-life is about 70min, is widely used to prevent HC. Aim of this research is to explore the effect of continuous intravenous injection of mesna on HC in HSCT. Methods: (1) 108 patients who underwent HSCT in Nanfang hospital from July 2008 to December 2010 were recruited into this study (70 male and 38 female, the median age is 35.00); 106 cases were allogenic HSCT, 2 cases were auto-HSCT. Conditioning regimens were BuCy or TBI-Cy, in which CTX were given 60mg/kg·d, d−3, −2. Intravenous injection of mesna was used to prevent HC continuously (continuous group, n=68) or intermittently (intermittent group, n=40). Graft versus host disease (GVHD) prevention regimen was cyclosporine A+MTX for HLA-matched sibling donors and cyclosporine A+MTX+ATG for unrelated donors or HLA partial-matched related donors. (2) Both groups received the same daily dose of mesna, which is about 150% of CTX daily dosage. In the intermittent group, 25% of mesna's daily dosage was injected at 0h, 3h, 6h and 9h after the use of CTX at each time-point; while in the continuous group, 25% of mesna's daily dosage was injected before the use of CTX, with the rest dosage being continuously injected intravenously for 24hs using micro-infusion pump (25% daily dosage of mesna dissolved in 40ml 0.9% sodium chloride lasting for 8h was given, q8h), from the first dose of CTX till 48hs after the last injection of CTX. Incidences and grades of HC in the two groups were followed up and analyzed. (3) The mesna concentration in urine of two groups was detected by HPLC, with the comparison of trough concentrations being presented by comparing the average peak concentration. Results: (1) Within 30d after transplantation, HC occurs in 13 of the 40 (32.5%) cases in the intermittent group (6 cases of II°, 4 cases of III°, 3 cases of IV°) with none (0%) in the continuous group. Within 60d after transplantation, HC occurs in 16 of 40 (40.0%) cases in the intermittent group (8 cases of II°, 5 cases of III°, 3 cases of IV°) with the mean occurrence time being +14.6d (-1d - +44d); while only 7 of 68 (10.3%) cases (5 cases of I°and 2 of II°) in the continuous group with the mean time of +43.0d (+33d–+54d). There were statistical significances of the incidence (P =0.000), grade/severity (P =0.007) and occurrence time (P =0.005) of HC between the two groups. (2) Logistic regression analysis shows that the HC occurrences relates with the way of using mesna(P =0.025), with continuous mesna injection being a protective factor(OR=0.114, 95% CI=0.017–0.764); while age, sex, 24h mean liquid intake, 24h mean excretion, 24h mean urinary volume (each P >0.1) and HLA matching (P =0.063) were unrelated factors. (3) The urine mesna trough concentration/average peak concentration was 0.219 (0.043–0.399) and 0.643 (0.153–0.868) in the intermittent group and the continuous group, respectively(P =0.031, n=4). Discussion: Early occurrence of HC is mostly related to high dose of cyclophosphamide, while late occurrence of HC can also be related with infection and GVHD, etc. The continuous injection of mesna seems to be a better way for the prevention of HC in HSCT patients, due to its short half-life of mesna. Injection with micro-infusion pump can reduce the liquid intake, especially suitable for those who have heart or kidney dysfunctions. More tests of mesna and acrolein concentration will help to reveal the mechanism. Conclusion: Continuous intravenous injection of mesna is a more efficient method in prevention of HC in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation than routine intermittent intravenous injection. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.