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Abstract Schools have implemented environmental education, but its impact on sustainability and execution often falls short of expectations. This study aims to explore and analyze the sustainability and expectations of environmental education in schools. The research employs a quantitative approach, with the population comprising teachers in Palembang, Indonesia. We used a purposive sampling technique to select 100 teachers from Palembang as respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed descriptively based on average scores. The results indicate that teachers have high expectations for schools, fellow teachers, and students. Teachers expect schools to effectively develop and implement visions, missions, and curricula related to environmental education, alongside supporting programs. Teachers aspire to consistently educate students, act as role models, and receive training to enhance their environmental knowledge and skills. Additionally, teachers aim to integrate environmental education into other subjects. Teachers expect students to apply and sustain their environmental knowledge, values, and skills in their daily lives. The recommendations are aimed at both schools and teachers. Schools integrate environmental education into the school’s vision, mission, and curriculum. Organize programs and extracurricular activities focused on environmental sustainability. Teachers Provide continuous professional development, such as workshops and training on environmental education methods. Encourage collaboration among teachers to share best practices for integrating environmental education in different subjects.

This study aims to develop an innovation network model to help MSMEs recover from the downturn due to the pandemic. The basic model used is an innovation network consisting of associations, suppliers, customers and government. The basic model was developed by adding capital and digitalization variables to suit the needs. Data processing uses a structural equation model and the sample is MSMEs in West Java province. This study is the first on the innovation network model for MSMEs affected by the pandemic and the largest number of MSME respondents. The results conclude that according to MSMEs in Indonesia, suppliers, customers, government, associations, capital, and digitalization have an effect on the innovation network. This study concludes that associations, suppliers, customers, government, capital and digitalization all have a positive effect on the innovation network. This finding is the first in the innovation network model for MSMEs that accommodates the needs of the industry to recover from the pandemic situation and adds new literature on industrial innovation networks. While previous studies have a lot of similar literature, all focus on certain types of businesses and on normal economic conditions. This study is different from similar studies because it was conducted on MSMEs in all business sectors and economic conditions in crisis due to the pandemic. These results can be used as a reference in decision making to increase the growth of MSMEs with limited resources.

Currently, the Indonesian market for organic products is concentrated mainly in big cities such as Jakarta and Surabaya. This is a response to the rising interest of urban consumers in organic products including fresh vegetables. This study aims to examine consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for organic mustard greens and relevant factors affecting consumers' WTP. The study used primary data from a 150-modern market consumer survey conducted in Surabaya during Mei-June 2023. The data were analyzed using a discrete choice experiment and logit regression model. The results showed that consumers were willing to pay a premium price ranging up to Rp2393.2, Rp3517 and Rp5622.6 per bundle of better-quality of organic mustard greens based on fresh smooth green leaves, branded organic, and lebelled organic attributes, respectively. The results also showed that factors such as age, level of education, and family income significantly influence consumer’s WTP. The findings provide useful information to both policymakers to assist in designing policies for the promotion of organic vegetable production and marketing and organic vegetable business to formulate marketing strategies.

Orang tua merupakan orang terdekat yang berperan besar dalam mencegah kekerasan seksual pada anak (KSA). Persepsi, sikap, dan awareness orang tua berperan penting dalam pencegahan KSA. Tujuan penelitian untuk memetakan sikap, persepsi, dan awareness orang tua terhadap KSA. Desain penelitian scoping review. Pencarian artikel menggunakan database Pubmed, CINAHL, SAGE, dan search engine Google Scholar Direct dengan memperhatikan kriteria inklusi, seperti: fokus pada penelitian persepsi sikap, awareness orang tua terkait KSA, artikel primer, dan fullteks, rentang tahun 2011-2021, berpedoman pada Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA ScR). Hasil awal ditemukan 376.071 artikel, setelah dilakukan screening diperoleh 5 artikel eligible. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas penelitian berfokus persepsi (n=3), sebagian tentang sikap (n=2) dan pengetahuan (n=1) orang tua terkait KSA, tidak ada tentang awareness. Implikasi hasil penelitian adalah sebagai evidence base pengembangan program pencegahan KSA bagi orang tua.

الملخص: أهداف البحث: هدفت الدراسة إلى إجراء تحليل مقارن لتأثيرات دمج مشتق الكومارين الهيدرازيني في إسمنت أيونومر الزجاج المعدل بالراتنج والتقليدي على معدلات تحررهما وخصائصهما المضادة للبكتيريا. طرق البحث: استخدم إسمنت أيونومر الزجاج المعدل بالراتنج فوجي الثاني وإسمنت أيونومر الزجاج التقليدي عالي الفلورايد فوجي السابع كمجموعات ضابطة. تم تصنيع مشتق الكومارين الهيدرازيني داخليا، ودمجه في كلا النوعين بنسب وزنية واحد وإثنين بالمئة، وتحليله كيميائيا باستخدام مطيافية الأشعة تحت الحمراء. ثم تم تقييم معدلات تحرر مشتق الكومارين الهيدرازيني والفلورايد باستخدام مطياف الأشعة فوق البنفسجية المرئية ومقياس الفلورايد على التوالي. تم تقييم الخصائص المضادة للبكتيريا ضد المكورات العقدية الدموية باستخدام طريقة الانتشار في الآجار وقياس عكارة النمو البكتيري، متبوعا بملاحظة الشكل البكتيري باستخدام المجهر الإلكتروني الماسح. تم تحليل البيانات إحصائيا باستخدام تحليل التباين أحادي الاتجاه واختبار بونفيروني البعدي. النتائج: أكدت أطياف الأشعة تحت الحمراء وجود مشتق الكومارين الهيدرازيني في مصفوفات الإسمنت. تم تحرر المشتق بنجاح من كلا النوعين بكلتا النسبتين الوزنيتين. لوحظ تحرر أعلى للفلورايد ومناطق تثبيط أكبر مقارنة بالمجموعات الضابطة، مع تأثير أكثر أهمية في النوع المعدل بالراتنج. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أدى دمج المشتق إلى إبطاء نمو المكورات العقدية الدموية وأظهر تغيرات ملحوظة في شكل البكتيريا خاصة في النوع المعدل بالراتنج. الاستنتاجات: أدى دمج مشتق الكومارين الهيدرازيني في كلا نوعي الإسمنت إلى تحسين تحرر الفلورايد وتعزيز الأنشطة المضادة للبكتيريا، مع ملاحظة تأثير أكثر أهمية في النوع المعدل بالراتنج مقارنة بالنوع التقليدي. Abstract: Objective: The study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the effects of incorporating hydrazinyl coumarin derivative (HCD) in resin-modified (RMGIC) and conventional glass ionomer cement (cGIC) on their release profiles and antibacterial properties. Method: Resin-modified GIC, Fuji II LC (F2) and high-fluoride cGIC, Fuji VII (F7) were used as controls. HCD was synthesized in-house, incorporated into both RMGIC and cGICs at 1 % and 2 % weight percentages (w/w), and chemically analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Then, the F2 containing HCD (GIC-HCD F2) and F7 containing HCD (GIC-HCD F7) were evaluated for HCD and fluoride release profiles using UV Visible spectrophotometer and pH/ISE benchtop fluoridemeter, respectively. The antibacterial properties were assessed against Streptococcus sanguinis using the agar well diffusion method and measurement of bacterial growth turbidity, followed by the observation of the bacterial morphology using scanning electron microscope. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Results: The FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of HCD in the GIC-HCD matrices. HCD was successfully released from both GIC-HCD F2 and GIC-HCD F7 matrices at both weight percentages. Higher fluoride release and inhibitory zones were observed compared to the control groups, with GIC-HCD F2 having a more significant effect than GIC-HCD F7. Additionally, the incorporation of HCD slowed down the growth of Streptococcus sanguinis and showed remarkable changes in bacterial shape specifically on GIC-HCD F2. Conclusion: The incorporation of HCD into both RMGIC and cGIC improved fluoride release and enhanced the antibacterial activities, with a more significant effect observed in RMGIC compared to cGIC.

Despite the potential to grow and earn more profit through export, the seaweed sector is dealing with several difficulties, including challenges in the production faced by smallholder farmers. Farmers have managed their seaweed farming by implementing several risk management practices. This study examined the effect of farmers’ risk management practices on seaweed production and the determinants of seaweed production risk management practices. This study utilized data from a survey of 100 farmers in Takalar Regency, a key seaweed production area in Indonesia, along with insights from a focus group discussion (FGD) with seaweed experts. A Cobb-Douglas production function and logistic regression were employed. The findings unveiled that seaweed farmers’ risk management practices had positively boosted their seaweed production. The findings also highlighted that such factors as education level, farming experience, farm size, and weather risk influenced the farmers’ practices of dealing with the production risk. Understanding the effect of risk management practices on farm production and the determinants of production risk management practices could assist policymakers in designing effective policies and farmers in being more innovative in their coping strategies to mitigate production risk, leading to improved productivity and income. The prioritized risk management practices for seaweed production focused on diversifying planting locations and harvesting under hot temperatures to mitigate production risks. In contrast, practices such as changing seeds, relocating, and adjusting cultivation methods were also crucial but less widely applied.

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi peran mindfulness teaching dalam mengurangi stres dan meningkatkan kualitas pengajaran bagi guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Topik ini relevan karena guru PAUD sering menghadapi tekanan administratif dan emosional yang berdampak negatif pada kesejahteraan serta efektivitas pengajaran. Studi ini meninjau literatur yang ada mengenai dampak mindfulness teaching terhadap kesejahteraan guru. Data dikumpulkan dengan menganalisis berbagai studi yang melibatkan guru PAUD sebagai subjek. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa mindfulness teaching efektif dalam mengurangi stres, meningkatkan kesejahteraan emosional, dan memperbaiki kualitas pengajaran. Namun, penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan terkait jangka waktu dan variasi alat ukur. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya mengintegrasikan mindfulness dalam program pengembangan profesional guru. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi dampaknya terhadap kesejahteraan siswa dan iklim kelas.

This study aims to develop Augmented Reality (AR) based learning media in the form of videos to improve the mastery of Tahiyyat Arabiyah vocabulary in students who take Arabic language courses. This media is designed to help students understand and memorize Arabic mufrodat more interactively and interestingly through the use of AR technology. The development model used in this research is ADDIE, which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects involved early semester students of Arabic language courses at Institut Agama Islam Negeri Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon, with the participation of 53 students in the initial survey and 33 students and seven lectures in the product trial. The results showed that the use of AR video contributed significantly in improving the mastery of Arabic vocabulary, especially those related to Tahiyyat Arabiyah. Students who used this media showed improvement in terms of vocabulary mastery and proper pronunciation. In addition, AR video was considered very effective in terms of visual appearance and ease of use. Respondents rated this media as able to increase learning motivation and provide a more interactive learning experience compared to traditional methods. However, there are some technical challenges, such as device compatibility that only supports the Android system. This research makes a new contribution in the context of Arabic language learning and shows that AR technology has great potential to be adopted in foreign language learning more widely.

ABSTRAK: Novel sebagai sebuah karya sastra selalu mengandung nilai-nilai yang hendak disampaikan pengarang kepada pembaca. Melalui nilai-nilai tersebut diharapkan para pembaca dapat menjadikannya sebagai media refleksi bagi diri untuk berbenah ke arah yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel “Hati Suhita” karya Khilma Anis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa kalimat-kalimat yang menggambarkan nilai pendidikan karakter Sumber data penelitian adalah novel “Hati Suhita” karya Khilma Anis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik baca-catat, sedangkan nalisis data dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel “Hati Suhita” karya Khilma Anis. mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter, seperti nilai: (1) religius, (2) tanggung jawab, (3) gemar membaca, (4)kerja keras, (5) komunikatif, (6) peduli sosial, (7) kreatif, dan (8) cinta damai. Nilai-nilai tersebut menyatu padu dengan serangkaian cerita di dalam novel dan dimunculkan pengarang secara tersurat dan tersirat. KATA KUNCI: nilai; pendidikan karakter; novel THE VALUE OF CHARACTER EDUCATION IN THE NOVEL HATI SUHITA BY KHILMA ANIS ABSTRACT: Novel as a literary work always contains values that the author wants to convey to the reader. Through these values, readers are expected to be able to make it a medium of reflection for themselves to improve in a better direction. This study aims to describe the value of character education in the novel "Hati Suhita" by Khilma Anis. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Source of research data is the novel "Hati Suhita" by Khilma Anis. The data was collected using the reading-note technique, while the data analysis was carried out using the descriptive technique. The results showed that the novel "Hati Suhita" by Khilma Anis. contains character education values, such as: (1) religious, (2) responsibility, (3) fond of reading, (4) hard work, (5) communicative, (6) social care, (7) creative, and (8) peace-loving. These values are integrated into a series of stories in the novel and the authors appear implicitly and explicitly.KEYWORDS: values, character education, novel

Introduction: Fulfillment of economic, social and cultural rights is a reflection of guaranteeing human rights. However, the economic, social and cultural rights of every citizen must be supported by their status as a citizen. Because a person's citizenship status has the effect of giving them a number of rights as a citizen. This problem occurs for Sangir Filipino residents whose citizenship status is unclear. Purposes of the Research: Is to examine and analyze the ideal policies taken by the government, especially the regional government of Bitung City, North Sulawesi Province, in addressing issues that provide economic, social and cultural rights for Sangir Filipino residents who have unclear citizenship status, so that this has an impact. on Providing their rights as part of providing human rights. Methods of the Research: In this research is normative juridical research using statutory regulations and a contextual approach. The sources of legal materials used in this research are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. This legal material was obtained through literature review and then explained qualitatively. Results of the Research: Show that the citizenship status of Sangir Filipino residents does not clearly have an impact on the provision of economic, social and cultural rights. There is a need for policies by the Regional Government and the Central Government, such as updating national laws that simplify the citizenship registration process, providing outreach to Sangir Filipino residents about the importance of a clear citizenship status, and the need for participation from all elements of society in order to overcome this problem.

Background: The fungus comb is a unique structure inside termites' nests that facilitates the growth of Termitomyces sp. as a nutrient source for the termites. It is known to possess immunomodulatory properties that boost the immune system. Aim: This objective of this study was to assess the impact of ethyl acetate extract of fungus comb (EAEFC) on the inflammatory reaction in the spleen of mice induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods: An experimental study was conducted using a post-test-only control group design with male BALB/C mice (n=24). The mice were divided randomly into four groups, each comprising six mice, and administered substances via gavage. Groups I and III were administered a solution of 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in distilled water, while Groups II and IV were given 500 mg/kg BW EAEFC dissolved in 5% DMSO. On the fifteenth day, Groups I and II received intraperitoneal injection of 5 ml/kg BW saline, while Groups III and IV were injected with 10 mg/kg BW lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dissolved in saline. After three hours, the mice were euthanized and splenic immunohistology was examined under a light microscope. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), while the group differences were assessed statistically. Results: The expression of interleukin (IL)-1, furin, and activated NK cell was significantly higher in the inflamed model after EAEFC supplementation, while the extract suppressed IL-10. Conclusion: EAEFC was found to alter cytokine expression in the spleen in response to inflammation. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(9.000): 2269-2279]

Spent bleaching earth (SBE) waste generated from crude palm oil (CPO) processing companies is constantly increasing as the demand for the oleo product is rising worldwide. This study aims to assess oil recovery from SBE using two process options to be implemented in a cooking oil plant in Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra. A techno-economic simulation was conducted to assess the feasibility of the two scenarios. The first scenario of the oil recovery plant from SBE was proposed without bleaching earth (BE) recovery. The second scenario proposed both oil and BE recovery. The research results showed that both scenarios were feasible, with scenario 2 having slightly better economic parameters. The SBE volume processed by the company was far more significant in affecting the feasibility of SBE reutilization. According to the techno-economic calculations, in scenario 1, the internal rate of return (IRR) was 23.56 %, the net present value (NPV) was USD 2.6 million, and the payback period was 3.9 years. Scenario 2 exhibited an IRR of 25.21 %, an NPV of USD 3.375 million, and a return time of 3.7 years.

Quality seeds are one of the main technological components for increasing soybean crop production. Until now the use of quality soybean seeds in Indonesia only reaches 30%. The constraints of providing soybean quality seeds still often occur. The objectives of this study are to identify the financial feasibility of soybean seed producer in various uses of soybean products; to identify socio-economic constraints on soybean seed producer and to propose a strategy for developing soybean seed producer agribusiness in East Java province. The survey was conducted on soybean seed growers and soybean farmers who planted soybeans in the 2022 growing season. The results showed that the R/C ratio of producers for seed purposes, producers for consumption purposes, and soybean farmers are 1.34, 1.23 and 1.2, respectively. Threats faced by soybean seed producers include suboptimal post-harvest handling and the rapidly decreasing soybean seed germination. The strategy in developing soybean seed producer that can be proposed are: growing soybean seed farmers at each production centre location to meet the needs of seeds on time, quantity, variety, agroclimate, quality, and price, so as to meet the need of local farmers quickly, and reduce the risk of rapidly decreasing seed germination.

The biofuel policy has been given much attention, especially bioethanol blending policy. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) can be used as a feedstock for bioethanol but need more study in terms of supply chain and economical aspect. The novelty of this study is to find the optimal EFB supply chain model in several palm oil mill in Riau Province. Economic evaluation is also carried out to determine the economic value of biorefineries and to obtain economical selling prices of bioethanol products. The Simplex linear programming method is used to optimize the EFB feedstock supply model, and ArcGIS is used to determine and to analyse the distance and location of each facility. There are three scenarios used in our study which are decentralizing, clustering, and centralizing EFB preparation unit. Economic feasibility is also used to calculate bioethanol minimum selling price. Our study shows that the scenario with EFB preparation facilities located in each palm oil mill location is the most efficient supply chain model with the feedstock cost of 6.1 cUSD per kg (Scenario 3). After creating various end-product blends (denoted as E5 to E20), the bioethanol price can compete with retail fuels. The price of E5 is slightly higher than Pertamax 92 RON, being around cUSD 3 per liter more expensive. Meanwhile in E20, the price is cUSD 18 per liter more expensive than the price of Pertamax Turbo RON 98. However, the use of E20 can be considered as it has a lower emission value compared to fossil fuels, potentially reducing emissions by 12 % when compared to RON 90.

Every individual is entitled to education, protection, and respect regardless of race, religion, gender, group, or social status. Bullying in schools violated the right to a safe and comfortable learning environment. Human Rights, which were inherent from birth, could not be taken away. This research resulted in a fable book that showed how negotiation could resolve conflicts and prevent bullying among early children in kindergarten. The study aimed to analyze and describe the feasibility of the fable book in stimulating the moral development of young children. The research methodology used was R&D with a 4D model, consisting of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The steps in creating the fable book were: 1) Define: analyzed the needs for the fable book medium; 2) Design: created a storyline (storyboard) and designed the necessary elements; 3) Develop: the process of creating the medium; 4) Disseminate: conducted a small-scale trial with 8 students at TK Khoiru Banisaderi. Data collection in this study used interview, unstructured observation, documentation and expert validation questionnaire. Product feasibility validation was conducted by media experts, content experts, and through small group trials at TK Khoiru Banisaderi. The validation results were: 90% from media experts, 92.5% from content experts, and 91% based on students’ responses. Therefore, the book was considered suitable as a medium to stimulate the moral development of young children.

The corporate world is growing more competitive as customers become more savvy. SMEs require a wide range of material and immaterial resources, as well as the capacity to change into more adaptable and lucrative forms to adapt to the shifting demands of the business market, in order to remain competitive. This study aims to examine the correlation between human capital and total quality management with entrepreneurial orientation and their impact on performance. Specifically, the study will investigate how market orientation functions as a mediating factor in the link between TQM, HC, EO, and the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Semarang. Empirical research has largely neglected to investigate the role of market orientation in mediating the links between TQM, HC, EO, and business performance. This study aims to address the existing knowledge gaps by investigating the direct as well as indirect impacts of TQM, HC, and EO on the performance of SMEs, with MO serving as a mediator. In this study, a questionnaire was employed to gather data from subject matter experts (SMEs) to evaluate the theoretical framework. PLS is utilised in the investigation and testing of hypotheses.

This study aimed to analyze the cognitive load of high school students on biology learning. The method was used in this research is the survey method. The subjects of the study consisted of 179 students in grade X students consisting of 56 male students and 123 female students, 130 students in grade XI consisting of 37 male students and 93 female students, and 90 students in grade XII students consisting of 30 male students and 60 female students. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire cognitive load theory proposed by Meissner and Bogner about good learning design with a Likert scale. The results of research on high school students' cognitive load in biology revealed a medium average of 2.93, with GCL (3.29) ranking highest, followed by ICL (2.85) and ECL (2.66). The data processing results with the Kruskal Wallis test was showed that each factor has differences between ICL, ECL, and GCL. Thus, high school students still have a cognitive load when studying in class. The data processing results with the Mann U Whitney test to analyze the difference in cognitive load between male and female students was showed no significant difference between male and female students in cognitive load on biology learning.

The process of learning science, especially physics, has often had problems. The problem that often arises so far in the field is how to teach teachers who still use conventional methods. This learning method has not been able to support the science learning process, which causes low science process skills in students. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the laboratory-based Blended-Project Based Learning (B-PjBL) model on students' science process skills. The research method used was quasi-experimental with a posttest control group design. The results of the hypothesis test using the t-test showed that the laboratory-based B-PjBL model has a positive effect on students' science process skills.

Office Coffee is a coffee company established in 2015 under the umbrella of PT Indoharves. This study aims to assess consumer satisfaction with Office Coffee in Banjarbaru City. Consumer satisfaction levels were analyzed using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI), which determines the level of customer satisfaction with the quality of coffee products and the quality of service provided by Office Coffee, as perceived by consumers. This results in an overall consumer satisfaction index. Satisfaction measurement is based on the aforementioned attributes. The study used 30 attributes derived from the 7P marketing mix: Product, Price, People, Process, Place, Physical Evidence, and Promotion. Consumer satisfaction with Office Coffee in Banjarbaru City is 4.20 based on the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) calculation, indicating that the satisfaction level of Office Coffee customers in Banjarbaru City is "Very Satisfied."

Sleep disturbances are one of the discomforts of third-trimester pregnant women that affect the quality of sleep. One of the non-pharmacological methods to help reduce sleep disturbances is back massage. The study aimed to determine the effect of back massage on third-trimester pregnant women's sleep quality. This type of research was pre-experimental, using the One Group Pretest Posttest Design approach. The population in this study was a third-trimester pregnant woman who checked her pregnancy at PMB Dince Safrina Pekanbaru City in February-March 2023. The sample in this study amounted to 15 pregnant women in the third trimester who had a PSQI score > 5, which was taken by purposive sampling. The data collection method was observation using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The results showed that the average sleep quality of pregnant women before the intervention was 7.67 (Sd = 1.34), and the average sleep quality after the back massage intervention. 5.73 (Sd = 0.69). Based on statistical tests, back massage affected the sleep quality of pregnant women in the third trimester (pvalue= 0.001). It is expected that health workers, especially midwives at PMB Dince Safrina, can apply back messaging as a non-pharmacological therapy for treating sleep disorders in third-trimester pregnant women.

Rainwater can serve as a safe and sustainable source of drinking water. One common way to harvest rainwater is through runoff from the roofs of buildings. Depending on the cleanliness and material of the roofs, this roof-harvested rainwater can have very different water quality like colour, turbidity, pH and total dissolved solids (TDS) compared to the rainwater. Roof-harvested rainwater TDS was not correlated with antecedent dry days (ADD) and weakly negatively correlated with rainfall amount. This paper demonstrated the use of progressive freeze concentration (PFC) to purify rainwater through reduction of colour, turbidity and TDS. In lieu of a specialised PFC equipment, falling-film ice making equipment was used to purify rainwater. Falling-film equipment was chosen for PFC as supercooling that could adversely affect separation efficiency was not observed. Two parameters, circulation time and initial rainwater quality were investigated for their effects on yield and quality of purified rainwater quality (colour, turbidity and TDS). Preliminary results showed the reduction of colour to within drinking water standard and TDS by more than 93 %. Higher circulation time was shown to decrease yield but improve effective partition coefficient (K). Initial rainwater quality has negligible effect on yield and removal efficiency. In conclusion, PFC is a potential method to purify roof-harvested rainwater into drinking water.

This study aims to develop and measure the effectiveness of the andragogy-based writing skills model in improving the critical thinking skills of educators at SMAN 2 Cianjur. The training is designed as a transformation process, where educators are invited to realize their potential and habits in daily activities to build critical awareness. With the integration of technology in training, limited access to education and training in areas such as Cianjur can be overcome, expanding opportunities for digital literacy and collaboration between educators. A quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design was used in this study, where writing training was shown to improve teachers' writing and critical thinking skills. The trained teachers can produce articles, teaching materials, and documentation of good practices published on the Lentera Mahardika and PMM platforms. The study's results showed a significant improvement in writing skills and contribution to learning quality. This study emphasizes the importance of writing habits as a hobby for educators to strengthen innovation and relevance of education in the future.

Purpose: This study examines the impact of financial performance, board size, and working capital on firm value. Gender diversity is a moderating variable in studies that determines how the effectiveness of financial performance, board size, and working capital affect firm value. Methodology/approach: Manufacturing enterprises are the sample for this research, and the secondary data source is the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023. This study combines SPSS with a data analysis approach known as moderating regression analysis. Findings: Financial performance, board size, and working capital have a beneficial impact on firm value. Gender diversity can moderate the effects of financial performance, board size, and working capital on the firm's value. Practical and Theoretical Contribution/ Originality: The highest executive levels within the company's hierarchy are the focus of this study. Numerous earlier studies have not been able to examine or test gender diversity in these ranks. Important individuals, such as the board of directors, occupy these positions. This role is crucial to the development and operation of each major business division for the corporation. The study's findings further emphasize the prospective advantages of corporate governance frameworks and gender diversity, which can increase the availability of capital, performance, and value for the firm. Research Limitation: Gender diversity is measured using solely dummy variables and ratios, which ignore the influence of each individual's decision-making style. Gender diversity focuses mostly on business executives. As a result, greater inquiry into other stakeholders who influence business risk-taking decisions is required.

BACKGROUND: Adolescent pregnancy is prevalent in Asian-African countries. Hence, it is critical to track the progress of research and development trends related to the topic. The study aimed to characterize published articles on teen pregnancy by measuring the authors’ country and affiliation, most relevant and cited journals, thematic research, and growth trends. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive statistics and retrospective bibliometric analysis were used. Using the Scopus database, we collected published articles from 2010 to 2023. Titles and abstracts were screened. Eligible papers were reviewed based on co-occurrence analysis. Classification and visualization of results were conducted using VOSviewer software version 1.6.17. RESULTS: A total of 369 articles were relevant and included in the review. The countries that produced the most publications were South Africa and the United States. The most relevant affiliation was with the University of Cape Town, the University of the Witwatersrand, and the University of Kwazulu-Natal. The most relevant source journals were PLOS One, Reproductive Health, and BMC Public Health. The most cited sources were Lancet, PLOS One, and AIDS Journal. Four clusters were obtained that reflect the main topics, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, child, health services, and pregnancy. The current research terms include HIV infection and maternal health services. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests more research on the term “vertical transmission, breastfeeding, and partner violence” related to teen pregnancy. In addition, this research will inspire researchers and adolescent health policymakers to expand the scope of research to solve teenage pregnancy problems based on interdisciplinary theories and methods.

Abstract This research aimed to estimate the shelf-life of smoked shark catfish coated with chitosan and red galangal extract and packed with aluminum foil using the acceleration method. The prediction of the smoked catfish shelf-life was carried out by storing the smoked catfish at temperatures of 35, 45, and 55 °C for 30 days. The parameters observed during storage were color, sensory score of rancidity, and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value. Data were analyzed using linear regression, and the equations obtained were used to calculate the shelf-life of smoked catfish at 30 °C. The color values of L*, a*, and b* of the smoked catfish coated with chitosan decreased faster, and the shelf-life was shorter than that of the smoked catfish coated with chitosan and red galangal extract. The shelf-life and activation energy of smoked catfish coated with chitosan at 30 °C were 29.63 days and 2873.146 cal/mol, while the smoked catfish coated with chitosan and red galangal extract were 38.52 days and 3380.371 cal/mol, respectively.

Introduction: Corn farming faces various challenges from economic, ecological, and institutional aspects. For effective agricultural extension, it is crucial to optimize the role of social capital, which catalyzes optimizing corn farming, particularly concerning the extent to which farmers become innovative in increasing income. Methods: This research employed a quantitative approach. The data were collected through primary sources via the distribution of questionnaires to 175 farmers as per sampling requirements, as well as interviews and field observations. Data analysis techniques included descriptive analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results: (1) The effectiveness of extension services significantly and positively influences corn farmers' social capital, with a coefficient value of 43.00%. (2) The effectiveness of extension services significantly and positively affects innovative behavior in increasing income among corn farmers, with a coefficient value of 22.80%. (3) Social capital significantly and positively influences innovative behavior in increasing income among corn farmers, with a coefficient value of 74.80%. (4) The effectiveness of extension services through social capital significantly and positively influences innovative behavior in increasing income among corn farmers, with a coefficient value of 32.20%, resulting in a total effect of 55.00%. Conclusion: Social capital serves as a significant intervening factor, as its enhancement facilitates agricultural extension workers in their tasks by encouraging farmers to become more innovative in increasing both production and income from corn farming in the Bone Bolango Regency.

Despite the promising potential of artificial intelligence (AI) tools like ChatGPT for enhancing the learning experience, its integration as an educational tool in higher education poses disruptions that could affect students. This study explored university language students’ usage, awareness, readiness, concerns, and perceived benefits and challenges of using ChatGPT in higher education learning. The study used an explanatory sequential mixed- method design, combining online surveys and semi-structured interviews. A total of 355 language students from five private higher education institutions in Indonesia were recruited using purposive sampling. These participants were asked to complete the closed-ended questionnaire, and nine participants were selected for interview sessions. The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and thematic analysis. The findings reveal that a majority of students had been using ChatGPT for their learning purposes, especially for writing assignments. The findings also highlight that university language students had a high awareness, readiness, and concerns about using ChatGPT for their academic activities. Additionally, university language students acknowledged the potential benefits of ChatGPT in terms of writing support, personalized learning, increased productivity, brainstorming for generating ideas, and additional resources. However, they also identified the challenges of using ChatGPT, including inaccuracy, lack of critical thinking, plagiarism and AI detection, and technical problems. These findings provide a nuanced understanding of how university language students use and perceive ChatGPT for learning purposes, highlighting the need for support and guidance from higher education providers in the responsible use of AI in academic settings.

Smart postharvest technology in the form of Controlled Atmosphere Storage (CAS) is needed to increase the shelf life of shallot. However, the application of CAS requires high investment costs related to the initial setup such as land, warehouse, CAS, and CAS supporting equipment. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the benefits and costs for farmers' welfare reflected by adding the amount of farming margin and income from other sources considering the time adjustment. This study aims to build a dynamic model for the application of CAS technology in shallot farming and evaluate its costs and benefits for farmers' welfare. The method used is the integration of cost and benefit analysis into a dynamic system model. The results showed that shallot farmers’ income is very sensitive to price changes and increasing storage costs. Hence, adopting CAS technology could mitigate some of these effects by reducing post-harvest losses and allowing farmers to store their production in favorable situations. Moreover, the CAS model showed that in the management level, CAS could be feasible (in terms of NPV, IRR, and Net B/C), if the storage cost is at least IDR 2.000/kg. According to the minimum profit limit for farmers, the maximum storage cost is IDR 1.500/kg, which makes the CAS unfeasible to run. The successful adoption of CAS is contingent upon substantial financial support from both private-sector investors and government entities. Therefore, the CAS technology is more appropriate for adoption by stakeholders in the food industry who require a consistent year-round supply of shallots.

Based on the results of a preliminary study at SMA Negeri 1 Cihaurbeuti, it is known that students' cognitive learning outcomes are still classified as poor, one of which is the kinetic gas theory material which still has not reached the minimum completeness criteria, namely 70, because the learning method still uses the lecture method. Apart from that, the lack of innovation in the use of models in physics learning causes physics learning to become less interesting for students so that cognitive learning outcomes need to be improved. One of the solutions taken by researchers to overcome this problem is to apply the Orientation, Analysis, Synthesis, Investigation, Synergy (OASIS) learning model. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of the OASIS learning model on students' cognitive learning outcomes in class XI gas kinetic theory material at SMA Negeri 1 Cihaurbeuti. The research method used is quasi experimental design because this research is educational research with the object used being humans. The research design applied is nonequivalent control group design, where the two classes of research samples will undergo tests before and after being given treatment. The population in this research is all 7 classes of class To measure cognitive learning outcomes (C1, C2, C3), students were tested before treatment (pretest) and after being given treatment (posttest) in the form of a description of 6 questions on the main material of the kinetic theory of gases. The data analysis technique that will be used is the prerequisite test including the normality test and homogeneity test, as well as hypothesis testing using the t test with a significance level showing that (4.06>1.67) which means is accepted and is rejected, so it can be concluded that the OASIS learning model has an effect on students' cognitive learning outcomes in gas kinetic theory material.

Therefore, critical thinking skills need to be possessed by students. This is in line with what was stated variable linear equation (PLSV) material. The research method used in this study is development research with the ADDIE model. The subjects of this research were grade VIII G students at MTsN 3 Sukabumi with a total of 22 respondents. The object used is the instrument of critical thinking ability. The data collection technique in this study used feasibility tests from experts or validators as many as 3 experts and students as respondents. The results showed that the instruments developed were in the valid category with t_hitung>t_tabel, had a reliability index of 0.467 with the medium category, and the distinguishing power of each question item was in the index of 0.40

Policies will be implemented well when communication is carried out by implementing transmission communication, consistency, and clarity. The research examines the topic of policy communication in flood disaster mitigation efforts in Gorontalo, Indonesia. The research uses a qualitative approach with an inductive mindset, this research starts from field data regarding the implementation of flood mitigation policies in Gorontalo Regency. The results of the study show that 1) Transmission communication has been carried out by various communication methods, such as apples, coordination meetings, socialization, and dialogue forums, used to disseminate information about flood mitigation policies; 2) Clarity of information shows that stakeholders are trying to ensure that the public understands information about flood disaster mitigation and is able to take appropriate steps when disasters occur; 3) Consistency of information related to disaster mitigation policies, scheduled evaluation practices, participation of community leaders, implementation of coordination meetings, and prevention of leadership dualism are crucial elements carried out by stakeholders. Based on the previous description, policy communication not only focuses on transmission, consistency, and clarity of information in flood mitigation, but must also be adaptive. Governments need to adapt communication to local cultures, values, and situations to ensure policies are more relevant and accepted by the community. The strength of this research is the comprehensive mapping of communication strategies in flood mitigation policies, identifying methods of internal government communication and socialization to the community. This provides a better understanding of the delivery and reception of information. The limitation is that it focuses only on disaster mitigation, so the findings are only relevant for disaster mitigation studies.

Support and stability for a Removable Partial Denture (RPD) are difficult to achieve in a distal extension edentulous ridge and are even more compromised in reduced dentition. The combination of the altered cast technique and milled crown in removable partial denture fabrication would greatly enhance support by redistributing the load more effectively. However, it is not routinely practiced due to the complexity of the treatment and the lack of emphasis in dental curriculum. In the present case of a 54-year-old male, despite several attempts at wearing the denture, the patient was unable to tolerate it. The atrophic mandibular ridge and poor inclination of the abutment tooth seemed to be complicating factors. Therefore, the prosthesis required some modifications. The present case report highlights the Applegate altered cast technique, which can be deployed with a milled crown, including the clinical and laboratory stages involved. This might help to overcome the problems encountered with distal end saddle dentures, making them more tolerable to patients.

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a horticultural plant with high economic value, consumed as fresh fruit or a processed product. However, this plant still requires serious handling, especially in tomato seeds. The seeds are coated with quite slimy flesh and need to be separated using a suitable method so that the flesh layer can be cleaned optimally. Tomato seeds have a high water content, causing the seeds to easily damaged and quickly decrease their viability. Therefore, it is necessary to dry the seeds properly to lower the water content while maintaining the seed’s quality. This research aimed to calculate the time needed to reduce the water content of tomato seeds in a dehumidified drying machine, analyze the germination percentage of tomato seeds resulting from dehumidified drying using various separation techniques, and measure the effect of separation techniques. The temperature of dehumidified drying affects the germination and vigor of tomato seeds. The experiment was carried out using a two factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method, namely separation technique (i.e., left for 24 hours, using 2% HCl, and using 10% Na2CO3) and temperature in a dehumidified drying machine (i.e., 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C). The highest germination percentage and vigor index were produced in the treatment with 2% HCl for 2 hours with a drying temperature of 40°C. The separation technique and drying temperature influenced the germination percentage and vigor index, but the interaction between separation techniques had no effect.

21st-century education directs learners to develop the skills of argumentation. Argumentation skills are the intellectual abilities involved in solving problems, making judgments and decisions, and formulating ideas and beliefs. The purpose of this research was to improve students' argumentation skills through the implementation of the Problem-based learning model in the concept of nervous and endocrine system disorders. This study was Collaborative Classroom Action Research with two learning cycles in the concept of Nervous and Endocrine System disorders. This study reveals students' argumentation skills adapted from Dawson & Venville (2009). The results of this research revealed that the level of students' argumentation skills in cycle I was only up to levels 1 and 2. As much as 59% of students were at level 2 argumentation skills and 41% of students were at level 1 argumentation skills. In cycle II, there are students with level 3 argumentation skills. The rest scattered on levels 1 (3% of students) and 2 (35% of students) argumentation skills. Through this research, we found that students' argumentation skills increased from cycle I to cycle II.

Perumdam Tirta Siak Pekanbaru (PDAM) is a local government company responsible for the management and fulfillment of water needs. PDAM currently uses information technology to provide excellent service to customers. The Institute of Directors Report explains that a company has good IT governance if it focuses on risk management and resource management, value fulfillment, and strategic alignment. The level of IT capability in supporting the company's performance can be known through evaluation activities on the current IT implementation. Evaluation is important to determine the level of IT capability in supporting company performance in accordance with the objectives. Thus, this study aims to evaluate information technology governance through an analysis process using the COBIT 2019 framework and the ISO/IEC 27001 standard with process objectives APO14 - Managed Data and BAI06 - Managed IT Changes. The results showed that the current level of IT implementation capability in objective APO14 - Managed Data and BAI06 - Managed IT Changes is at level 2, namely the process has been running but there are still a number of activities that have not been carried out properly. There is a gap between the current capability level and the desired capability level of 1 level (APO14) and 2 levels (BAI06). Thus, 15 improvement recommendations are proposed that refer to the ISO / IEC 27001 standard to create IT governance that is effective, efficient and aligned with company goals.

This study aims to examine the implementation of the PBP model stages in the lecture process and student graduate learning outcomes (CPL) in the analytical chemistry course in the 1st semester of the academic year 2020/2021 which applies the PBP model with a blended learning system. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. In carrying out this research, it is preceded by planning the lecture process using a project-based learning model (PBP), applying it in the lecture process with a blended learning system, then conducting a process assessment, and seeing the achievement of CPL in the analytical chemistry course I in the form of quantitative values, and further described. The qualitative descriptive type is a type of research to see the implementation of the PBP model steps with a blended learning system and the achievement of CPL. Data was obtained by using observation techniques in the form of narratives and then examined for their suitability with relevant theories and studies related to the implementation of the PBP model steps. The results of this study are the PBP model with a blended learning system in the analytical chemistry course I was carried out well according to the planning, design, implementation, and reporting stages, CPL KU and KK were declared achieved based on the assessment of sub CPMK 6, 7, 8, 9 with the average percentage of achievement is 100, 78, 80, 84, 77 and in general the percentage of achievement for CPl KU 5 and KK 4 is 100% and 79.75%

In 2022, Bangkalan District had the lowest basic immunization coverage in East Java, with 64.7%, compared to the statewide average of 91.7%. This low coverage, which increases the risk of morbidity and mortality, is the result of misconceptions about immunizations. The WHO reports that 1.5 million children die annually from diseases that may have been avoided if they had received the vaccination, highlighting the broader public health implications. This study looked at the socioeconomic and cultural factors influencing parents’ decisions to vaccinate their children in Bangkalan. As part of a cross-sectional study, 87 mothers of toddlers older than two years from the Blega Health Center were selected using simple random selection. Results indicated that knowledge and attitudes significantly influence participation (P-value < 0.05). Higher knowledge levels and positive attitudes toward prevention correlate with increased participation in the program. These findings highlight the need for education-based interventions to improve knowledge and address negative attitudes. Enhancing awareness is crucial to promote active participation and achieve the program’s goals in North Bali.

In Indonesia as well as other countries, pregnant women are considerably more likely to have COVID-19. According to data, 1.3% of pregnant women with the infection needed mechanical breathing and intensive care unit treatment. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the association between the severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women and variables such age, gestational age, blood type, immunization status, and comorbidities. 40 pregnant women having a COVID-19 diagnosis between 2021 and 2023 were sampled for a correlational study design at a Lampung hospital. The Pearson correlation test was utilized for data analysis. The findings demonstrated a significant relationship between COVID-19 severity and gestational age, blood type, and immunization status (p-value 0.05). Early gestational age, certain blood types (A, B, and AB), and immunization status are important factors impacting the severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women, according to the study’s findings. In order to lessen the severity of COVID-19, health care practitioners are urged to ensure that pregnant women receive vaccinations and to provide close monitoring during the first trimester of pregnancy, particularly for those with blood types A, B, or AB.

Abstract The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL) on the stock prices of conventional banking entities listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021-2023 period. The independent variables used are the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL), while the dependent variable is the stock price, taken from the closing price on May 31 of the following year (t+1). The sample consists of 33 financial reports from companies with positive net income for three consecutive periods, resulting in a total of 99 data points that meet the research criteria for conventional banking entities listed on the IDX during the 2021-2023 period. This research employs a causal method with multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the findings, individually, the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL) have a negative impact on stock prices, while the Net Profit Margin (NPM) has no impact on stock prices. The Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL) collectively have a simultaneous impact on stock prices. Abstrak Tujuan riset disini guna menganalisa dampak Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), dan Non-Performing Loan (NPL) pada harga saham entitas perbankan konvensional tercatat diBEI pada periode 2021-2023. Digunakan variabel independen Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), serta harga saham yang diambil dari harga penutupan (31 Mei t+1) sebagai variabel dependen. Terdapat 33 data sampel laporan keuangan perusahaan dengan kriteria laba bersih positif selama 3 periode berturut-turut, dengan total 99 data yang memenuhi kriteria sampel riset pada entitas perbankan konvensional tercatat diBEI selama 2021-2023. Metode riset ini berjenis kausalitas dengan uji analisa regresi linear berganda. Berdasar temuan pengujian secara individu LDR, CAR dan NPL berdampak negatif pada harga saham, NPM tidak ada dampak pada harga saham. Sedangkan LDR, CAR, NPM serta NPL memberikan dampak secara simultan pada harga saham.

Pembelajaran biologi sarat dengan kegiatan praktikum. Namun, hal ini sulit bagi sekolah-sekolah di daerah kecil yang belum memiliki laboratorium dengan peralatan yang memadai dan dapat menunjang pembelajaran biologi. SMA Negeri 3 Lasalimu belum lama beralih status dari swasta menjadi sekolah negeri tepatnya pada tahun 2022, sehingga belum memiliki fasilitas laboratorium yang memadai guna menunjang pelaksanaan pembelajaran biologi terutama yang membutuhkan praktikum. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memperkenalkan mikroskop dan cara penggunaannya pada peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Lasalimu. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Laboratorium IPA SMA Negeri 3 Lasalimu. Kegiatan ini terdiri atas beberapa tahapan, yaitu: tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan, dan tahap evaluasi. Kegiatan ini terbukti mampu mengembangkan aspek afektif, kognitif, dan psikomotor peserta didik. Selain itu kegiatan ini juga mendapatkan respon positif, baik dari guru maupun peserta didik.

Mathematical bitterness is one of the critical factors influencing students’ mathematical performance, highlighting the need for further action to address its impact. However, there has been no instrument thus far that can identify mathematical bitterness, particularly one caused by teacher treatment. This research, therefore, aims to construct an instrument to identify the presence of mathematical bitterness. This research involved 307 senior high school and undergraduate students, who were given and responded to a set of 30 questions. The data were then analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) through IBM SPSS 20. Confirmatory factor analysis grouped the items into six dimensions (indicators) of mathematical bitterness. Each indicator shows a high Cronbach Alpha result, indicating strong validity in each group of indicators. Overall, the constructed instrument demonstrates strong validity and reliability. This instrument has been successfully constructed and statistically tested, thus making it readily available for use by other scholars interested in investigating mathematical bitterness on a broader scale.

The purpose of this study is to know the effect of instructional strategies and vocabulary mastery on English writing skill. This study is a quantitative one.The research design is 2x2 treatment by level which consist of instructional strategies (A) and vocabulary mastery (B). Instructional strategies (A) consist of groups that are treated by collaborative writing strategy (A1) as an experimental class, and cooperative integrated reading and composition strategy (A2) as a control class. While vocabulary mastery (B) consists of two groups, they are the high vocabulary mastery group (B1) and the low vocabulary mastery group (B2). Based on the result of the research, it is shown that the mean score of collaborative writing is higher than the mean score of cooperative integrated reading and composition. Significance (Sig.) .002

The Calotes genus presents a challenge due to the complexity of its species. However, research on the cryptic species complex within the Indonesian Calotes genus is still lacking. This study aims to determine the extent of genetic relationships and assess the potential existence of a species complex within the Indonesian genus Calotes (Daudin, 1802) (Squamata, Agamidae) using the partial Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI) gene sequence as a molecular marker. Samples of the Indonesian Calotes genus in this study were collected from South Lampung (Lampung), Bogor (West Java), and Langkat (North Sumatra). By aligning 582 bp sequence similarities with reference sequences in GenBank, we confirmed that seven out of eight samples analyzed belonged to Calotes vultuosus, while one sample was identified as Calotes versicolor. The identity values ranged from 96 to 100%. The C. vultuosus samples in this study displayed lower genetic distances, ranging from 0 to 3%, with the reference C. vultuosus sequence from Indonesia compared to the reference sequence from India, which ranged from 6 to 9%. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction, utilizing both maximum likelihood with IQ-Tree and Bayesian Inference with BEAST methods, further supports these findings. It reveals distinct groupings between C. vultuosus samples from Indonesia and India. These results suggest the potential occurrence of a species complex within the Indonesian genus Calotes. Furthermore, the inclusion of eight COI gene sequences from two Calotes species in the GenBank database has the potential to confirm the existence of previously undocumented species in Indonesia.

Background: Dysmenorrhea often occurs in adolescent girls and disrupts their daily activities. Dysmenorrhea occurs 1-2 years after menarche, with an average age of 12.8 years. One way to reduce dysmenorrhea is to use plants, such as ginger and citronella oil. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ginger and citronella oil on dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. Methods: This research was quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. The sample consisted of 68 adolescent girls from Junior High School 14 Tasikmalaya City who were experiencing dysmenorrhea with moderate pain intensity. Purposive Sampling was used. The results of this study were obtained using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and then analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The research results showed that the average dysmenorrhea score before being administered ginger and citronella oil to adolescent girls was 4.6, and after the intervention, it was 3.69 out of ten. The statistical test results showed that ginger and citronella oil were effective for dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls (p = 0.000). Conclusions: This study concluded that there is a difference in the average dysmenorrhea score before and after administering ginger and citronella oil to adolescent girls. Therefore, adolescent girls can use ginger and citronella oil to reduce dysmenorrhea. Implications for Nursing: Integrating complementary ginger and citronella oil therapy into nursing or midwifery services to reduce dysmenorrhea. This innovation can be a reference source to provide care and minimize chemical drug use.

In Indonesia, chilli are marketed mainly through traditional markets, where households are the primary consumers. Emerging food businesses and modern retailers provide market opportunities for farmers and develop chilli value chains. This study aims to understand the preferences and buying behaviors of households and business organizations regarding chilli. A total of 121 households and 47 business organizations were surveyed face-to-face, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The respondents were spread across Jakarta and surrounding urban areas. Descriptive statistical analysis, frequency distribution, cross-tabulation, and the Mann-Whitney U test, a nonparametric test to compare the preferences of the two consumer groups for chilli and product attributes, were performed. To complement the descriptive statistics, narrative descriptive analysis was employed to examine consumers' responses and reasons for the open-ended questions. The results show that households buy chilli weekly from nearby shops and food businesses daily from traditional markets, preferring them for lower prices and variety. Age positively correlates with purchase frequency, whereas household size correlates with both frequency and expense. Food business expenditure correlates with revenue and years of operation. The results also confirm that consumers exhibit similar preferences for most attributes but differ in their emphasis on freshness, peel smoothness, distance, and availability during the off-season. Indonesian consumers are concerned about chilli price volatility, freshness, and availability, which significantly impact purchasing decisions.

Student academic stress can impact class participation. Integrating psychological treatment into learning strategies can help manage academic stress. The objective of this research is to enhance students' metacognitive and self-efficacy by reducing their learning difficulties and cognitive anxiety. This will be achieved by integrating Inquiry-Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) into learning strategies, which will help to alleviate academic stress during the learning process. The study is designed as a quasi-experimental study using a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The study was conducted at Bandung City State High School with the participation of 70 class XI MIPA students from two different classes, 35 in the experimental class and 35 in the control class. Both classes utilized problem-based learning (PBL), with the experimental class receiving the IBSR technique at the beginning of learning and various stages of core PBL activities. A questionnaire rating scale with 8 scales was used to collect data on academic stress, learning difficulties, cognitive anxiety, and student self-efficacy. Additionally, students' metacognitive abilities were measured using an open-ended essay. After two weeks of learning, the IBSR psychological intervention in the experimental class had lower student learning difficulties and cognitive anxiety than the control class. The IBSR psychological intervention in the experimental class on students' self-ability and metacognitive abilities also had higher results than the control class. The research suggests that teachers should consider psychological interventions when implementing learning innovations that improve student learning performance.

Background: The biggest cause of death and a major contributor to disability globally is coroner's artery disease (CAD). Chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is a term that can be used to describe a wide variety of CAD clinical manifestations in clinical settings. Non-HDL-C is advised as a routine component of lipid analysis for risk assessment in patients with elevated plasma TGs. Conflicting results have been yielded as Non-HDL-C is a better marker comparing LDL-C. Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship of Non-HDL-C levels with the incidence of CCS in conjunction with LDL-C testing in a clinical setting. Methods: Observational analytical research with a cross-sectional design was conducted in Muhammadiyah Palembang Hospital from October to December 2019. Simple random sampling techniques were used to select 89 patients who met the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. Non-HDL-C and LDL-C calculations based on routine lipid testing. The Chi-Square test with a significant p-value

Purpose: This study analyses the impact of transformational leadership on organisational performance. Organisational learning and organisational innovation is presented as a link to create improvements in organisational performance in manufacturing companies. Methodology: This quantitative descriptive collected data using survey, with a 5-point likert scale questionnaires. Participants were 121 employees of a company. They were recruited out of a total of 191 employees from all positions in the company. Data were analysed using path analysis with the SEM-PLS method, performed using SmartPLS 3.2.9 software. Findings: The results of the study explain that transformational leadership has an effect on organisational learning and does not have an effect on organisational innovation. Organisational learning has an effect on organisational innovation and organisational performance. Organisational innovation has an effect on organisational performance. Research Limitation: Research is limited to aspects of leadership, organisation and innovation. The research object was carried out at manufacturing companies that require learning and innovation processes as mediation of organisational performance. Originality/Value: The study can serve as a reference for company leaders that transformational leadership style play a significant role in improving organisational performance, and the implementation of organisational learning is crucial to encourage innovation creation.

Criticism of exams can be used to gauge student achievement for graduation. This study examined the quality of Summative Tests (ST) created by senior high school teachers in Palembang, Indonesia, specifically focusing on the Islamic Education subject. The evaluation criteria included item validity, reliability, discrimination index, and disruptive effectiveness. The analysis involved 800 answer sheets from 20 teachers. Results indicated that while 20 teachers achieved high reliability, two struggled with poor reliability in terms of disruptive effectiveness. Respondent 11 faced challenges with only 28% valid items and a moderate Cronbach’s Alpha. Additionally, the disruptive effectiveness and discrimination index were poor. These findings suggest a need for teacher training to enhance skills in crafting and administering high-quality summative tests. The implications of these findings extend to improving teacher training and ensuring the effectiveness of summative assessments in gauging student achievements for graduation. The research contributes valuable insights into the complexities of teacher-created exams and offers a basis for enhancing the overall quality of education assessment practices.

This study aims to describe the use of subordinating conjunctions in the short story Kasur Tanah by Muna Masyari. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach. The source of research data is the short story Kasur Tanah by Muna Masyari. The technique used to collect data is the read-note technique. The analysis technique used is descriptive technique. The results of this study show that the use of subordinating conjunctions contained in the short stories Kasur Tanah is quite diverse. The use of subordinating conjunctions in question includes time subordinating conjunctions, goal subordinating conjunctions, cause subordinating conjunctions, concessional subordinating conjunctions, method subordinating conjunctions, tool subordinating conjunctions, and comparative subordinating conjunctions. The results of this study can be used as a learning reference for all readers.