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This paper presents a framework for telepresence operation by touching live video on a touchscreen. Our goal is to enable users to use a smartpad to teleoperate everyday objects by touching the objects live video they are watching. To this end, we coined the term teleinteractive device to describe such an object with an identity, an actuator, and a communication network. We developed a touchable live video image-based user interface (TIUI) that empowers users to teleoperate any teleinteractive device by touching its live video with touchscreen gestures. The TIUI contains four modules touch, control, recognition, and knowledge to perform live video understanding, communication, and control for telepresence operation. We implemented a telepresence operation system that consists of a telepresence robot and teleinteractive devices at a local site, a smartpad with the TIUI at a remote site, and communication networks connecting the two sites. We demonstrated potential applications of the system in remotely controlling telepresence robots, opening doors with access control panels, and pushing power wheelchairs. We conducted user studies to show the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

Due to the limited self-repair capacity of articular cartilage, tissue engineering has good application prospects for cartilage regeneration. Dentin contains several key growth factors involved in cartilage regeneration. However, it remains unknown whether dentin matrix extracted proteins (DMEP) can be utilized as a complex growth factor mixture to induce cartilage regeneration. In this work, we extracted DMEP from human dentin and improved the content and activity of chondrogenic-related growth factors in DMEP by alkaline conditioning. Afterward, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with particular physical and chemical properties were composed to selectively load and sustain the release of proteins in DMEP. MSN-DMEP promoted chondrogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with fewer growth factors than exogenously added transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Therefore, MSN-DMEP may serve as a promising candidate for cartilage regeneration as an alternative to expensive synthetic growth factors. Impact statement Several growth factors embedded in dentin matrix could be involved in cartilage regeneration. This article reports that alkaline conditioning could improve the content and activity of chondrogenic-related growth factors in dentin matrix extracted proteins (DMEP). Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with particular physical and chemical properties performed well in loading and sustained releasing of proteins in DMEP.iIn vitro/iandiin vivo/istudies suggest that MSN-DMEP could be a promising candidate for cartilage regeneration as an alternative to expensive synthetic growth factors.

The plant hormone, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), is an orthodox elicitor of secondary metabolites, including terpenoids. Lavandula angustifolia is an important aromatic plant generating, yet few studies have been performed to evaluate the function of MeJA on the biosynthesis of terpenoids in lavender. Five treatments (with concentrations of 0, 0.4, 4, 8, and 16 mM) were set, and the physiological indicators of each group were determined after 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The results illustrate that (1) MeJA could affect the diurnal rhythm of the emission of volatiles and MeJA acted in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner; (2) 8 mM MeJA treatment increased the total content of the volatiles, and the contents of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids were up-regulated 0.46- and 0.74- fold than the control at 24 h and 12 h, respectively; (3) after MeJA treatment, all the genes expression analyzed changed to varying degrees, of which 3-carene synthase (La3CARS) gene changed most significantly (7.66- to 38.02- fold than the control); (4) MeJA application was associated with a rise in glandular trichome density. The positive effects of MeJA indicate that the exogenous application of MeJA could be a beneficial mean for studies on the biosynthesis of terpenoids in lavender.

In response to the huge economic impact of the new pneumonia epidemic, the “new infrastructure” has become an important hedge against the downward pressure of the economy. We believe that we should take this opportunity to ensure that the “new infrastructure” projects can strongly support the green and low-carbon transformation of the economy, so whether the new infrastructure can promote the green transformation of the industry has become the focus of academic circles, whereas the existing literature has ignored the coupling and coordination between the green transformation of the sports industry (GTSI) and the novel infrastructure in the context of a low-carbon economy. This study uses data of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2013 to 2020, and a linked coordination degree model is selected to assess the relationship between novel infrastructure and GTSI. The conclusions are as follows. (1) China’s comprehensive index of “novel infrastructure” was 0.228 from 2013 to 2020, comprised of 0.705 convergence infrastructure, 0.227 information infrastructure, and 0.200 innovation infrastructure. (2) The sports industry’s average green total factor productivity is 1.223, with an annual growth rate of 11.2%. The yearly growth rates for green technology efficiency, green pure technology efficiency, and green scale efficiency are correspondingly 10.5%, 6.8%, and 4.5%. 83.6% of provinces and cities are in the growing return to size phase. (3) The mean coupling coordination value between novel infrastructure and GTSI is 0.449. Except for Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, the majority of provinces and cities led in the development of novel infrastructure but lagged in GTSI. From 2013 to 2020, the coupling coordination degree of novel infrastructure and its three subsystems in specific provinces and cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, and GTSI show an upward trend, while the overall trend displays a downward trend. (4) Novel infrastructure and GTSI have mutual promoting effect; Government intervention negatively affects the coupling and coordination level; Consumption structure, industrial structure and foreign investment also have a certain positive impact on the two.

Bioactive glasses (BG) have been generally used in bone defects repair for its good osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity. However, the early angiogenesis of BG in the repair of large-sized bone defects may not be sufficient enough to support new bone formation, resulting in the failure of bone repair. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, which is superior on promoting early angiogenesis, may contribute to the angiogenesis of BG and further enhance the repair of bone defects. Therefore, we applied BG and PBM in combination and preliminarily investigated their additive effects on bone regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro results revealed that BG combined with PBM remarkably enhanced human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferation, osteogenic-related genes expression and mineralization, which was better than applying BG or PBM respectively. For in vivo studies, the histological staining results showed that BG induced new bone formation in the interior of defects and promoted new bone reconstruction at 6 weeks post-operation. The micro-computed tomography results further confirmed that BG combined with PBM accelerated bone formation and maturation, improved the speed and quality of bone regeneration, and promoted bone repair. In conclusion, with the optimum BG and PBM parameters, BG combined with PBM generated additive effects on promoting bone regeneration.

Many telepresence robots are equipped with a forward-facing camera for video communication and a downward-facing camera for navigation. In this paper, we propose to stitch videos from the FF-camera with a wide-angle lens and the DF-camera with a fisheye lens for telepresence robots. We aim at providing a compact and efficient user interface for telepresence robots with user-friendly interactive experiences. To this end, we present a multi-homography-based video stitching method which stitches videos from a wide-angle camera and a fisheye camera. The method consists of video image alignment, seam cutting, and image blending. We directly align the wide-angle video image and the fisheye video image based on the multi-homography alignment without calibration, distortion correction, and unwarping procedures. Thus, we can obtain a stitched video with shape preservation in the non-overlapping regions and alignment in the overlapping area for telepresence. To alleviate ghosting effects caused by moving objects and/or moving cameras during telepresence robot driving, an optimal seam is found for aligned video composition, and the optimal seam will be updated in subsequent frames, considering spatial and temporal coherence. The final stitched video is created by image blending based on the optimal seam. We conducted a user study to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and the superiority of user interfaces with a stitched video.

To defend themselves against herbivore attacks, plants produce a variety of volatiles, especially during the early stages of development. During the budding phases of Lavandula angustifolia , three genes ( La TPS7, La TPS8, and La CYP71D582) were discovered to be highly expressed. The La TPS7 catalyzes total eight different compounds in vitro , including camphene, myrcene, and limonene, among others. The La TPS8 converted ten volatiles using geranyl diphosphate and nerolidyl diphosphate as substrates. The plastid-located La TPS7 gene produced limonene when it was overexpressed in tobacco. The endoplasmic reticulum enzyme La CYP71D582 may further convert limonene to carveol. The La TPS8 present in plastids creates α-pinene and sylvestrene, according to in vitro tests. The limonene and carveol were discovered to repel Myzus persicae while attracting Harmonia axyridis confirmed by standards test. In Arabidopsis thaliana , a GUS staining test was used to evaluate the promoter activity of La TPS7 and La CYP71D582, and it was discovered that wounding may boost La TPS7 expression levels. The volatile compounds generated by La TPS7, La TPS8, and La CYP71D582 were found to be important in plant protection. In practice, biological control can be applied to promote human and environmental health via plant approaches.

Practical application of SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3-–δ(SCF) perovskite oxide for oxygen separation is hindered by poor stability. Here, we developed new KxSr1–xCo0.8Fe0.2O3–δ membrane material by optimizing K+ doping in A-site of prototypical SCF. The partial substitution of Sr2+ with K+ can lead to the enhanced mechanical strength and intermediate-temperature oxygen permeation stability. It is found that the doping content of K+ should be lower than 20% because the excessive doping of K+ in A-site of SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3–δcan destroy their cubic perovskite structure. While x ≥ 0.2, some diffraction peaks different from cubic perovskite can be evidenced by X-ray diffraction and their oxygen permeation flux also decreases rapidly. Among the fabricated membranes, K0.1Sr0.9Co0.8Fe0.2O3–δexhibits the highest oxygen permeation flux (1.5 cm3 min−1 cm−2 at 950°C) under an air/He gradient. More important is that K0.1Sr0.9Co0.8Fe0.2O3–δ displays a stable oxygen permeation performance during over 120 h permeation operation at 750°C.

Magnetic agglomeration of CoB nanoparticles in the hydrogen production from the hydrolysis of NaBH4 aqueous solution always degrades their catalytic activity. This work aims at the rational development of robust supported CoB catalyst that is active and stable towards NaBH4 hydrolysis. In this study, PANI nanotubes derived from PS nanofiber templates are firstly synthesized by the polymerization of aniline followed by the template removal. CoB nanoparticles are then decorated into PANI nanotubes via an impregnation and chemical reduction method. It can be found that CoB nanoparticles can be confined into the internal surface of PANI nanotubes which improves the dispersion and anchored stability of CoB nanoparticles. The as-prepared CoB/PANI composite catalyst exhibits a high catalytic performance and recycling stability. The hydrogen production rate as high as 2300 ml. min−1. g − 1 is achieved and the activation energy was calculated to be only 37.75 kJ/mol. Meanwhile, CoB/PANI catalyst displays excellent stability in NaBH4 hydrolysis during five cycles. The experimental results indicated that as-synthesized CoB/PANI composite catalysts are very efficient towards hydrogen production from NaBH4 hydrolysis.

PURPOSE To study effects of bioactive glass with high phosphorus content (10.8% P2O5, 54.2% SiO2, 35% CaO, mol%, named PSC) on mineralization of type I collagen fibrils. METHODS (1) PSC, and PSC combining 0.1 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, or 1.0 mg/mL polyacrylic acid (PAA), were used to induce the mineralization of self-assembled type I collagen fibrils. After 3 and 7 days of mineralization, collagen fibrils were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). (2) PSC suspension was dialyzed in simulated body fluid (SBF), or in SBF containing 0.1 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, or 1.0 mg/mL PAA, to form amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), then observed by TEM. RESULTS (1) PSC and PSC combining 0.1 mg/mL or 0.5 mg/mL PAA induced mainly extrafibrillar mineralization. PSC combining 1.0 mg/mL PAA induced both extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar mineralization. (2) The ACP induced by PSC or PSC combining 0.1 mg/mL PAA partly formed lattice structure after 24 h. The particle size of the ACP induced by PSC combining 0.5 mg/mL PAA was 100-150 nm, and that induced by PSC combining 1.0 mg/mL PAA was 30-50 nm. CONCLUSION PSC induced mainly extrafibrillar mineralization, and PSC combining an appropriate concentration (1.0 mg/mL) of PAA induced both extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar mineralization.

Background The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs), as one of the largest families of TFs, are important regulators of plant terpenoid biosynthesis and response to stresses. Lavender has more than 75 volatile terpenoids, yet few TFs have been identifified to be involved in the terpenoid biosynthesis. Results Based on RNA-Seq, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and transgenic technology, this study characterized the stress-responsive transcription factor LaMYC4 regulates terpenoid biosynthesis. Treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) increased volatile terpenoid emission, and the differentially expressed gene LaMYC4 was isolated. LaMYC4 expression level was higher in leaves than in other tissues. The expression of LaMYC4 decreased during flower development. The promoter of LaMYC4 contained hormone and stress-responsive regulatory elements and was responsive to various treatments, including UV, MeJA treatment, drought, low temperature, Pseudomonas syringae infection, and NaCl treatment. LaMYC4 overexpression increased the levels of sesquiterpenes, including caryophyllenes, in Arabidopsis and tobacco plants. Furthermore, the expression of key node genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis and glandular trichome number and size increased in transgenic tobacco. Conclusions we have shown that the stress-responsive MYC TF LaMYC4 from ‘Jingxun 2’ lavender regulates terpenoid synthesis. This study is the first to describe the cloning of LaMYC4, and the results help understand the role of LaMYC4 in terpenoid biosynthesis.

Agglomeration of CoB catalysts is a severe problem in hydrogen generation from NaBH4 hydrolysis. Herein, highly dispersed carbon nanofiber immobilized CoB catalysts (CoB/CN) were synthesized by a combined prereduction and carbonization method, which is used in hydrogen generation from NaBH4 hydrolysis. Morphological evolution of carbon nanofibers, phase structure and elemental distribution of CoB/CN catalysts are explored by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared to Co/carbon nanofiber catalysts (Co/CN) without prereduction, CoB/CN catalysts can afford higher CoB dispersity and specific surface area because the migration rate of cobalt species during carbonization is effectively retarded by prereduction. Hence the agglomeration of magnetic CoB nanoparticles can be effectively inhibited. The hydrogen generation experiment shows that CoB/CN catalysts process higher catalytic activity and lower activation energy than Co/CN.

Robust multiperson tracking requires the correct associations of online detection responses with existing trajectories. In this paper, we propose to integrate multiple cues to resolve the ambiguities in data association for multiperson tracking. Unlike most existing algorithms which integrate multiple cues in the same manner for different scenes, we learn scene-specific parameters to integrate multiple cues for different scenes, as the discriminative power of each cue may vary in different scenes. The scene-specific integration parameters are learned offline by supervised learning method. Min-cost multicommodity flow is employed to solve the data association task. The edge cost of the multicommodity network, which is crucial for the data association, is determined by integrating the multiple cues extracted from the detection response based on the learned scene-specific integration parameters. The experimental results on public multiperson tracking data set demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scene-specific integration method.

Objective. To investigate the effect of multidisciplinary team (MDT) continuous nursing on glucose and lipid metabolism, pregnancy outcome, and neonatal immune function in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods. A total of 90 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) from January 2018 to December 2019 were recruited and assigned to receive routine care (routine group) or MDT continuous care (study group) according to different nursing methods. Outcome measures included glucose and lipid metabolism, pregnancy outcomes, and neonatal immune function. Results. There were no significant differences in glucose and lipid metabolism indices and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, before nursing. After nursing, MDT continuous care resulted in significantly lower levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), triglyceride (TG), and homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) versus routine care. After nursing, the SAS scores in the two groups were significantly decreased, with lower results in the study group. Patients in the study group showed better compliance than those in the routine group. MDT continuous care was associated with a significantly lower incidence of premature rupture of fetal membranes, cesarean section, premature delivery, macrosomia, and hypoglycemia versus routine nursing. There were no significant differences in immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgM levels. Patients in the study group showed a higher IgG level and lower CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD4/CD8 levels than those in the routine group. Conclusion. MDT continuous nursing could effectively regulate glucose and lipid metabolism and improve pregnancy outcomes and neonatal immune function in patients with GDM.

Bioactive glasses (BG) have been widely utilized as a biomaterial for bone repair. However, the early angiogenesis of BG may be inadequate, which weakens its osteogenic effects in large-sized bone defects and often leads to the failure of bone regeneration. In this study, we explored the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) combined with BG on early angiogenesis to solve this bottleneck problem of insufficient early angiogenesis. In vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with BG extracts and treated with PBM using 1 J cm−2. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) and tubule formation assay were utilized to detect HUVECs’ proliferation, vascular growth factor genes expression and tubules formation. In vivo, bone defects at the femoral metaphysis in Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with BG particulates and PBM at 120 J cm−2. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was used to observe the inflammatory response, tissue formation and biomaterial absorption of bone defects. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to observe the vascular-like structure formation. The in vitro results showed that PBM combined with BG significantly promoted HUVECs’ proliferation, genes expression and mature tubules formation. On days 2, 4 and 7, the mRNA expression of VEGF in BG + PBM group was 2.70-, 2.59- and 3.05-fold higher than control (P< 0.05), and significantly higher than PBM and BG groups (P< 0.05). On days 4 and 7, the bFGF gene expression in BG + PBM group was 2.42- and 1.82-fold higher than control (P< 0.05), and also higher than PBM and BG groups (P< 0.05). Tube formation assay showed that mature tubules were formed in BG + PBM and PBM groups after 4 h, and the number in BG + PBM group was significantly higher than other groups (P< 0.05). In vivo results further confirmed PBM induced early angiogenesis, with more vascular-like structures observed in BG + PBM and PBM groups 2 week post-surgery. With the optimum PBM fluence and BG concentration, PBM combined with BG exerted additive effects on enhancing early angiogenesis.

Many existing mobile robotic telepresence systems have equipped with two cameras, one is a forward-facing camera for video communication, and the other is a downward-facing camera for robot navigat...

Background Essential oils (EOs) of Lavandula angustifolia, mainly consist of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, are of great commercial value. The multi-flower spiciform thyrse of lavender not only determines the output of EOs but also reflects an environmental adaption strategy. With the flower development and blossom in turn, the fluctuation of the volatile terpenoids displayed a regular change at each axis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of volatile terpenoids during the process of flowering is poorly understood in lavender. Here, we combine metabolite and RNA-Seq analyses of flowers of five developmental stages at first- and second-axis (FFDSFSA) and initial flower bud (FB0) to discover the active terpenoid biosynthesis as well as flowering-related genes. Results A total of 56 mono- and sesquiterpenoids were identified in the EOs of L. angustifolia ‘JX-2’. FB0’ EO consists of 55 compounds and the two highest compounds, β-trans-ocimene (20.57%) and (+)-R-limonene (17.00%), can get rid of 74.71 and 78.41% aphids in Y-tube olfactometer experiments, respectively. With sequential and successive blossoms, temporally regulated volatiles were linked to pollinator attraction in field and olfaction bioassays. In three characteristic compounds of FFDSFSA’ EOs, linalyl acetate (72.73%) and lavandulyl acetate (72.09%) attracted more bees than linalool (45.35%). Many transcripts related to flowering time and volatile terpenoid metabolism expressed differently during the flower development. Similar metabolic and transcriptomic profiles were observed when florets from the two axes were maintained at the same maturity grade. Besides both compounds and differentially expressed genes were rich in FB0, most volatile compounds were significantly correlated with FB0-specific gene module. Most key regulators related to flowering and terpenoid metabolism were interconnected in the subnetwork of FB0-specific module, suggesting the cross-talk between the two biological processes to some degree. Conclusions Characteristic compounds and gene expression profile of FB0 exhibit ecological value in pest control. The precise control of each-axis flowering and regular emissions at transcriptional and metabolic level are important to pollinators attraction for lavender. Our study sheds new light on lavender maximizes its fitness from “gene-volatile terpenoid-insect” three layers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1908-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Adhesive failure due to resin contraction is one of the major reasons for dental restoration failure, which leads to the exposure of dentinal tubules, and remineralization in saliva would provide a great solution for the above problem. In this study, bioactive amphiphilic raspberry-like composite nanoparticles were used as fillers for resin composites, which have good compatibility with the resin matrix and dispersed well in the matrix. Thus, the resin composites showed improved mechanical property and resistance to water sorption and solubility. Furthermore, the incorporation of bioactive nanoparticles endued the resin composites with bioactivity, forming apatite on resin composites upon reacting with artificial saliva within seven days, inducing denser mineral precipitation on the dentin surface and stimulating human dental pulp cell attachment and proliferation. Therefore, this bioactive nanoparticle filled composite resin may offer great benefits for dental restoration.

In this research, under the guidance of scientific and available principles, an evaluation index system for the green total factor productivity of new infrastructure construction and the sports industry was constructed. The evaluation was conducted using Stata16, the DEA-Solver PRO13 software, and GIS technology using the entropy weight method, super-efficiency SBM model, and other methods. The results indicated the following: First, the overall level of new infrastructure in China is low (mean 0.255), being slightly higher than that of information infrastructure (mean 0.230), innovation infrastructure (mean 0.190), and convergence infrastructure (mean 0.555). The level of information infrastructure, especially innovation infrastructure, in eastern China is much higher than that in central and western China, especially western China. Second, the sports industry in most Chinese provinces is effective in terms of technology and scale and is in a constant stage of scale return, while the remaining provinces are in a rising stage of scale return. The mixed efficiency in the sports industry of eastern China is at a higher level than its scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency, while the mixed efficiency levels in the sports industries of central and western China are greater than those of the pure technical efficiency but less than the scale efficiency. Meanwhile, the level of mixed efficiency in the sports industry of northeast China is far lower than that of its pure technology and scale efficiency. There is still room for improvement in the discharge of pollutants and labor practices in the sports industry, especially in the sports service industry. Third, the impact of the new infrastructure and its three subsystems on the sports industry is significantly positive at the 1% level. By region, the marginal effect of information infrastructure in eastern China is the largest (2.469), while the effect of innovation infrastructure in central China (5.113), western China (4.866), and northeast China (3.251) is the largest.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-021-00536-9

The aromatic shrub Lavandula angustifolia produces various volatile terpenoids that serve as resources for essential oils and function in plant-insect communication. To better understand the genetic basis of the terpenoid diversity in lavender, we present a high-quality reference genome for the Chinese lavender cultivar ‘Jingxun 2’ using PacBio and Hi-C technologies to anchor the 894.50 Mb genome assembly into 27 pseudochromosomes. In addition to the γ triplication event, lavender underwent two rounds of whole-genome duplication (WGD) during the Eocene–Oligocene (29.6 MYA) and Miocene–Pliocene (6.9 MYA) transitions. As a result of tandem duplications and lineage-specific WGDs, gene families related to terpenoid biosynthesis in lavender are substantially expanded compared to those of five other species in Lamiaceae. Many terpenoid biosynthesis transcripts are abundant in glandular trichomes. We further integrated the contents of ecologically functional terpenoids and coexpressed terpenoid biosynthetic genes to construct terpenoid-gene networks. Typical gene clusters, including TPS-TPS, TPS-CYP450, and TPS-BAHD, linked with compounds that primarily function as attractants or repellents, were identified by their similar patterns of change during flower development or in response to methyl jasmonate. Comprehensive analysis of the genetic basis of the production of volatiles in lavender could serve as a foundation for future research into lavender evolution, phytochemistry, and ecology.

Distributed graph computing aims at performing in-depth analysis on large networks in a parallel manner. Iterative communication computation is an important model to perform graph analysis. Moreover, high-efficiency iterative communication computation is necessary for assuring the quality of graph partitioning. Many strategies to improve graph computing are usually based on the hypothesis of single communication iteration which focuses on the optimization of load balance in a single graph partitioning and the improvement of parallel granularity or communication manners. However, a graph in the real-world usually requires complex communication iterations to achieve good analysis results, which often have the problems of data and communication tilting and low analysis efficiency. In this paper, we propose a two-stage graph computing model with communication equilibrium (TSMCE). The model employs a communication-equilibrated graph partitioning strategy (CEGP) for load balancing and a two-stage graph computing mode (TS) to reduce the crossing-partition communication. With the change of graph density, various factors such as load balancing, communication balancing, cross-partition transmission traffic, communication delay, and convergence speed can always maintain an efficient balance. The experiments conducted on the real-world datasets show that the communication-equilibrated graph partitioning strategy can divide a graph with high quality compared with Hash and Metis. Besides, the overall performance of our two-stage graph computing model with communication equilibrium is higher than that of the BSP model.

Recruiting periapical stem cells into the root canal and inducing their odontogenic differentiation are both vital for pulp regeneration. This study was aimed at developing a kind of bioactive composite scaffolds (G/PSC scaffolds) by combining the pH-neutral bioactive glass named PSC and gelatin. The incorporation of PSC endowed the scaffolds with bioactivity and enhanced its resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis in vitro while maintaining its high water absorption capacity. The G/PSC scaffold with a PSC content of 0.5 mg/mL in 3% gelatin solution showed the best overall performance, released large amounts of silicate ions and maintained a neutral pH after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF). Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) developed good cell morphology with affluent pseudopods on the G/PSC scaffold and infiltrated fairly deep into it. Additionally, hBMMSCs showed increased proliferation and mRNA expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type I (Col-I), osteocalcin (OCN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). The present results demonstrated that the G/PSC scaffold significantly promoted hBMMSC chemotaxis, proliferation and odontogenic differentiation. Therefore, the G/PSC scaffold is a promising material for pulp regeneration.