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旨在为芝麻油企业提高其产品的香气品质提供参考，以我国市场上不同工艺的13个品牌畅销芝麻油产品为实验材料，利用溶剂辅助蒸发（SAFE）法萃取挥发性物质，气相色谱-嗅闻-质谱（GC-O-MS）法和感官评价比较其气味活性成分和感官品质差异。结果表明：低温压榨芝麻油的气味活性成分以醛类、烯烃和醇类为主，生芝麻味最强；石磨水代和高温压榨芝麻油的气味活性成分以美拉德反应杂环类产物为主，具有较强的炒芝麻味、炒坚果味和焦香味；石磨水代芝麻油的苯酚类物质含量最高，烟熏味最强；高温压榨芝麻油的苦味最强。综上，不同工艺的市售芝麻油气味活性成分和感官品质具有显著差异。To provide reference for sesame oil enterprises to improve the aroma quality of their products, with 13 brands best-selling commercial sesame oils with different processes on the Chinese market were materials, volatile substances were extracted by solvent-assisted evaporation (SAFE) method, and the differences of aroma-active compounds and sensory quality were analyzed by gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS) method and sensory descriptive analysis, respectively. The results showed that the aroma-active compounds in the cold-pressed sesame oils were dominated by aldehydes, alkenes and alcohols, and the cold-pressed sesame oils had the strongest raw sesame flavor. The aroma-active compounds in the aqueous-extracted and high temperature-pressed sesame oils were mainly the Maillard reaction products heterocyclic substances, giving the sesame oils strong roasted sesame flavor, nutty and burnt flavor. The aqueous-extracted sesame oils had the highest concentration of volatile phenolic compounds and the strongest smoky flavor. The bitter taste in the high temperature-pressed sesame oils was the strongest. In conclusion, the aroma-active compounds and sensory quality of sesame oil produced by different processes are significantly different.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and complications of different treatments for progressive subdural effusion (SDE) after decompressive craniectomy for craniocerebral injury. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 65 patients with progressive SDE after decompressive craniectomy for craniocerebral injury, who were admitted in our hospital between February, 2013 and March, 2019. Thirty-four of the patients (21 male and 13 female patients) received borehole drainage or local puncture drainage combined with compression dressing with elastic bandage and continuous drainage of the lumbar cistern (observation group), and 31 (17 male and 14 female patients) received borehole drainage or local puncture drainage with compression dressing with elastic bandage (control group). The occurrence time of SDE, retention time of head drainage tube, hospital stay after treatment, one-off cure rate and the incidence of complications were analyzed in the 2 groups, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores of patients before and at 3 and 6 months after the treatment were compared. Results The retention time of head drainage tube, the time from local drainage to SDE disappearance and hospital stay after treatment were significantly shorter (P < 0.05), and the one-off cure rate (P < 0.05) was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group. The overall incidence of complications was 23.53% in the observation group and 48.39% in the control group, showing a significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in GOS scores between the 2 groups before the treatments (P>0.05), but at 3 and 6 months after the treatments, GOS scores was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion For patients with progressive SDE after decompressive craniectomy for craniocerebral injury, combined treatment with borehole drainage or local puncture drainage, compression dressing with elastic bandage and continuous drainage of the lumbar cistern can improve the one-off cure rate of SDE, reduce the incidence of the overall complications, shorten the duration of hospital stays and improve the prognosis of the patients.

As a substitute for feed antibiotics, potassium diformate (KDF) can effectively inhibit bacterial overgrowth in the gastrointestinal tract. To avoid the sudden release of KDF in the stomach, this article proposes a new controlled drug delivery system for controlled drug release. In this system, P-type zeolite molecular sieve (Zeolite P) and drug KDF are combined and embedded into the hydrogel microspheres of sodium alginate (ALG) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). In addition, ALG/CMC/Zeolite P composite hydrogel microspheres were prepared with Ca2+ as the crosslinking agent. The structure, composition, morphology, and thermal stability of the hydrogel microspheres were systematically characterized. The effect of the composition ratio of ALG and CMC on the swelling properties of the hydrogel microspheres was also investigated. The results revealed that ALG and CMC form a hydrogen bond and chelate with Ca2+ to form a double crosslinked network structure. Thus, Zeolite P can be effectively encapsulated in the hydrogel microspheres to form a dense three-dimensional network structure. Particularly, Zeolite P helps in improving the thermal stability of microspheres, balance the swelling properties, and control the release of KDF. The drug release results and release kinetics reveal that the ALG/CMC/Zeolite P composite hydrogel has higher drug release in an environment with pH 7.4. The release kinetics follow the Ritger–Peppas model and the first-order kinetic model, which indicates that the composite hydrogel has good specific pH sensitivity. In vitro antibacterial experiments revealed that the composite hydrogel microspheres have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and certain inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as biomarkers for diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Material and Methods: Forty-six cytology or pathology confirmed nonsmall cell lung patients and 33 cases of benign lung disease (BLD) were retrospective reviewed in our hospital from February 2013 to January 2016. The serum concentrations of CEA and NSE were measured by chemiluminescent assay. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (area under the curve) of serum CEA and NSE as biomarkers for diagnosis of lung cancer were analyzed by SPSS version 17.0 software.Results: The serum CEA and NSE concentration were 30.69 ± 14.11 ng/mL, 52.36 ± 49.68 ng/mL for NSCLC patients and 12.69 ± 8.87 ng/mL, 5.32 ± 4.66 for BLD patients, respectively with statistical difference (P < 0.05); the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 58.66% and 76.48% for serum CEA at the cutoff value of 5.74 ng/mL and 66.67% and 78.69% for serum NSE at the cutoff value of 19.35 ng/mL; the diagnostic area under the ROC curve was 0.81 and 0.76 for CEA and NSE, respectively as biomarkers for diagnosis of NSCLC.Conclusion: Serum CEA and NSE are potential biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in various cellular processes. Phosphorylation serves as a canonical way to regulate p38α activation through a phosphorylation cascade. Thus, understanding the mechanism governing p38α phosphorylation is important. The present study demonstrated that p38α undergoes methylation at K165, which promote its phosphorylation in tumor cells. Inhibition of p38α methylation impairs p38α phosphorylation, repressing tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KDM5D is a demethylase that interacts with p38α, mediating demethylation at K165 and inhibiting p38α phosphorylation. Moreover, KDM5D is expressed at low levels in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and high KDM5D expression is positively correlated with cancer survival. KDM5D markedly inhibits cell proliferation and migration via inactivating p38α, thereby slowing cancer progression in xenograft models. In summary, these findings highlight KDM5D as a demethylase of p38α at K165, elucidating a unique role for lysine demethylation in integrating cytoplasmic kinase-signaling cascades. The present results revealed the critical role of KDM5D in suppressing tumor progression, suggesting that KDM5D can serve as a potential drug target for combating hyperactive p38α-driven lung cancer., Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.