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In order to investigate the effect of preharvest spraying of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) on membrane lipid metabolism in ‘Kyoho’ grapes during postharvest storage, distilled water (control) and 50 mg/L DA-6 were used to spray grapes at the veraison stage. The grapes were harvested when they were ripe, stored at (0 ± 1) ℃ and relative humidity of 65%–70%, and evaluated for cell membrane related indicators of grape skin after 0, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, DA-6 treatment effectively inhibited the increase in the relative permeability of cell membrane during postharvest storage, maintained the activities of lipoxygense (LOX), lipase and phospolipase D (PLD), inhibited the decrease of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol content and the increase of phosphatidyl acid content, and maintained a high relative content of unsaturated acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid as well as saturated fatty acids such as stearic acid, behenic acid, arachidic acid and palmitoleic acid, consequently maintaining the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids at a high level. Additionally, DA-6 treatment suppressed the expression of the LOX, Lipase, and PLD genes. In summary, preharvest spraying of 50 mg/L DA-6 can delay the senescence and prolong the storage period of ‘Kyoho’ grapes by effectively relieving the membrane lipid metabolism during storage.

The vigorous metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in postharvest ‘Kyoho’ grapes shortens the storage period, and reduce the commercial value. In this study, different concentrations (0, 10, 30, 50 and 70 mg/L) of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) were sprayed on table grapes at veraison to investigate the effects of DA-6 treatment on postharvest fruit quality and ROS metabolism in ‘Kyoho’ grapes. By measuring the physiological indexes related to fruit quality, it was found that DA-6 treatment significantly reduced fruit mass loss, and delayed the decrease in fruit firmness and total soluble solid content, and this effect was most significant at a concentration of 50 mg/L. More importantly, 50 mg/L DA-6 treatment significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity and total reducing capacity, and suppressed the decrease in reduced ascorbic acid and glutathione contents and the accumulation of superoxide anion radical and malondialdehyde. In conclusion, pre-harvest spray of DA-6 maintained the stability of the ROS scavenging system in postharvest table grapes, kept ROS metabolism in a relatively balanced state, reduced oxidative damage, delayed fruit senescence, and prolonged the shelf life of ‘Kyoho’ grapes.

Objective: To assess the genetic etiologies underlying agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) and its pregnancy outcomes in the era of next‐generation sequencing. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on prospectively collected prenatal ACC cases in which amniocentesis was performed between January 2016 and December 2022. ACC was divided into non‐isolated and isolated according to the presence or absence of ultrasound abnormalities. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), karyotyping and exome sequencing (ES) were performed after genetic counseling. Pregnancy outcomes were assessed by pediatric neurosurgeons and were followed up by telephone through their parents. Results: Sixty‐eight fetuses with ACC were enrolled in this study. CMA detected eight cases with pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) and all were non‐isolated ACC, with a detection rate of 11.8% (8/68). Among the CMA abnormalities, the majority (6/8) were detectable by karyotyping. ES was performed in 26 cases with normal CMA, revealing pathogenic or likely pathogenic gene variations in 12 cases (46.2%, 12/26), involving L1CMA, SMARCB1, PPP2R1A, ARID1B, USP34, CDC42, NFIA and DCC genes. The detection rates of ES in isolated and non‐isolated ACC were 40% (6/15) and 54.5% (6/11), respectively. After excluding cases where pregnancy was terminated (56 cases), there were 12 live births, ranging in age from 15 months to 7 years. Of these, 91.7% (11 out of 12) demonstrated normal neurodevelopmental outcomes. Specifically, all five cases with isolated ACC and negative ES results exhibited normal neurodevelopment. The remaining six cases with favorable outcomes were all isolated ACC, among which ES identified variants of DCC and USP34 gene in one each case. The other four cases were CMA‐negative and declined ES. Conclusions: We highlight the efficacy of prenatal ES in determining the genetic etiology of ACC, whether isolated or not. Favorable neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed when ACC was isolated and with normal ES results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few decades, the critical role played by cellular contractility associated mechanotransduction in the regulation of cell functions has been revealed. In this case, numerous biomaterials have been chemically or structurally designed to manipulate cell behaviors through the regulation of cellular contractility. In particular, adhesive proteins including fibronectin, poly- L -lysine and collagen type I have been widely applied in various biomaterials to improve cell adhesion. Therefore, clarifying the effects of adhesive proteins on cellular contractility has been valuable for the development of biomaterial design. In this study, reference-free traction force microscopy with a well-organized microdot array was designed and prepared to investigate the relationship between adhesive proteins, cellular contractility, and mechanotransduction. The results showed that fibronectin and collagen type I were able to promote the assembly of focal adhesions and further enhance cellular contraction and YAP activity. In contrast, although poly- L -lysine supported cell spreading and elongation, it was inefficient at inducing cell contractility and activating YAP. Additionally, compared with cellular morphogenesis, cellular contraction was essential for YAP activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]