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Graphene oxide (GO) has wide applications and development prospects in the functional composites owing to its many unique properties, such as two-dimensional structure and large theoretical specific surface areas as well as hydrophilic and polarized interface. The present situation and progress of the graphene oxide composites used in reinforcing and toughening, adsorption separation, photocatalysis and biological medicine were introduced in this paper. The mechanism of producing reinforcing and toughening of polymer and cement based composites caused by forming regular and ordered microstructure regulated with GO nanosheets was mainly summerized. Meanwhile, application principle of the GO composites in the field of adsorption, photocatalysis and biological medicine were analyzed. Finally, the application and development trend of GO composites in reinforcing and toughness as well as adsorption and photocatalysis were pointed out.

Graphene oxide/chitosan is a new type of biocomposites which was developed in recent years, it possesses the unique mechanical, adsorptive, electrochemical and antibacterial properties. The research progress of graphene oxide/chitosan composites was summarized in this paper. The preparation methods of the biocomposites were introduced briefly. Meanwhile, the application of the biocomposites in the field of high mechanical strength of materials, waste water treatment, electrochemical sensor and biomedical materials were illustrated in details. At last, the low cost and large scale preparation, structure and properties of composite materials and its application in new areas of graphene oxide/chitosan biocomposites were prospected.

Asub-micron uranium-bearing mineral in pomegranate amphibolite in the Altyn area was identified by Electron Microprobe(EPMA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM).Optical Microscope, Raman Spectroscopy and Electron Back Scattering Diffraction(EBSD) were used to study the chemical composition, occurrence state, physical and optical properties and crystal structure.Results show that this mineral is an opaque mineral closely associated with ilmenite and occurs at the edge of ilmenite.The mineral is composed of TiO2, ZrO2 and UO2 and the crystallochemical formula is(Zr, U)Ti2O6 with isomorphous substitution of U and Zr.It has a unique Raman spectrum characteristic and possibly belongs to orthorhombic system with a fersmite structure.EPMA Th-U-Pb dating of Ti-Zr-U oxide mineral yields an isochron age of 451±49 Ma, which represents the retrograde age of the host rock.Compared to the crystals which have a similar chemical composition to Ti-Zr-U oxide, the crystal structure of Ti-Zr-U oxide was found to be different from that of Srilankite, but similar to a synthetic crystal(Zr5Ti7O24) in chemical composition and crystal structure.Therefore, it is inferred that the Ti-Zr-U oxide is previously undiscovered mineral.

BACKGROUND Aedes albopictus is the primary vector of mosquito‐borne diseases, including dengue and chikungunya, in China. The management of vector mosquitoes is the primary strategy for the control of such infectious diseases. The gravid Ae. albopictus prefers to skip‐oviposit its eggs into different small water containers, and the management of these breeding places is critical for mosquito control. Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies Israelensis (Bti) is a useful biological larvicide, but the effective period of the currently available commercial product is relatively short. This study aimed to develop a long‐lasting formulation of Bti to control the dengue vector mosquito Ae. albopictus. RESULTS: Water‐soluble polyethylene glycols and water‐insoluble hexadecanol were mixed with Bti to develop the long‐lasting formulation Bti‐BLOCK, based on the solid dispersion technique. The controlled release of Bti‐BLOCK and its effect on Ae. albopictus were assayed in the laboratory and in the field. The results showed that Bti toxins were slowly released from Bti‐BLOCK into the water and maintained at an effective dose for at least 6 months. Bti‐BLOCK caused high mortality during the immature stage (>90%) and achieved full inhibition during pupation (100%). The efficacy lasted at least 12 weeks in the laboratory and 6 weeks in the field. Furthermore, we confirmed an 89% reduction in Ae. albopictus density and a reduction in the R0 of dengue to a low‐risk level after 6 months of open‐field interventions. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a long‐lasting biological larvicide, Bti‐BLOCK, which displayed very good efficacy in the control of the dengue vector mosquito Ae. albopictus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A copper-catalyzed asymmetric intermolecular N -monoarylation of weakly nucleophilic sulfonamide by desymmetrization of cyclic diaryliodonium salts has been developed. Chiral copper(II)–diamine ligand complexes catalyzed this intermolecular asymmetric aryl C–N cross-coupling reaction effectively at room temperature to afford a series of N -monoarylsulfonamides in good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, also known as the Asian tiger mosquito, is a mosquito which originated in Asia. In recent years, it has become increasingly rampant throughout the world. This mosquito can transmit several arboviruses, including dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses, and is considered a public health threat. Despite the urgent need of genome engineering to analyze specific gene functions, progress in genetical manipulation of Ae. albopictus has been slow due to a lack of efficient methods and genetic markers. In the present study, we established targeted disruptions in two genes, kynurenine hydroxylase (kh) and dopachrome conversion enzyme (yellow), to analyze the feasibility of generating visible phenotypes with genome editing by the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) system in Ae. albopictus. Following Cas9 single guide RNA ribonucleoprotein injection into the posterior end of pre‐blastoderm embryos, 30%–50% of fertile survivors produced alleles that failed to complement existing kh and yellow mutations. Complete eye and body pigmentation defects were readily observed in G1 pupae and adults, indicating successful generation of highly heritable mutations. We conclude that the CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing system can be used in Ae. albopictus and that it can be adopted as an efficient tool for genome‐scale analysis and biological study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose/aim: Spleen preservation distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) can be achieved by either splenic vessel preservation distal pancreatectomy (SVP-DP) or Warshaw technique (WT). Although studies comparing SVP-DP with WT have been reported, controversies exist. The aim of our study is to assess and compare the safety and feasibility of SVP-DP and WT. Materials and methods: Two authors searched the online database independently till April 30, 2017. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. Short- and long-term outcomes of WT and SVP-DP were evaluated. Subgroup analysis was performed on laparoscopic surgery. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and mean difference (MD) with 95% CI were estimated. Results: A total of 664 patients from 11 retrospective cohort studies were included. Meta-analysis showed the WT group had a significantly higher incidence of splenic infarction (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.07–0.20; p < 0.00001) and gastric/epigastric varices (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.05–0.24; p < 0.00001). And more patients suffering from splenic infarction from WT group needed further splenectomy (OR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.02–0.84; p = 0.03). While there was no difference between the two procedures in terms of pancreatic fistula (OR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.25–1.19; p = 0.13), overall morbidity (OR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.59–1.30; p = 0.50) and hospital stay (MD = −0.45; 95% CI: −1.73-0.82; p = 0.49). Conclusions: Due to relatively higher risk of postoperative splenic infarction, gastric/epigastric varices and Clavien–Dindo III–V complications, WT is not as safe as SVP-DP. However, well-conducted randomized clinical trials are still needed due to the limitations of current studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Corrigendum] Dl-3-n-butylphthalide alleviates cognitive impairment in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 transgenic mice by regulating the striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase/ERK/cAMP-response element-binding pro- tein signaling pathway Scale bars, 50 µm. NBP, Dl-3-n-butylphthalide; STEP, striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase; p-, phosphorylated; CREB, cAMP-response element-binding protein; WT, C57BL/6 group. 6C on p. 8, the data panels showing the "Hippocampus / APP/PS1" and "Hippocampus / NBP 30 mg/kg" experiments appeared to be overlapping, such that these may have been derived from the same original source. [Extracted from the article]