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ObjectiveCancer burden can be reduced when the population's knowledge of cancer prevention and control measures is increased. However, current epidemiological research investigating cancer prevention and control knowledge in China is limited. This study aimed to examine the core knowledge levels of cancer prevention and control measures as well as its influencing factors among adults in Fujian, China.Study designA cross-sectional study.MethodsFrom September to December 2021, a total of 2,440 Chinese urban and rural adults from Fujian Province, located in Southeastern China, were randomly selected for this cross-sectional study. The probability proportionate approach to sampling was used. A 38-item questionnaire that covered demographics and basic knowledge of cancer, including concepts, screening, therapy, and rehabilitation-related key points was used to measure knowledge levels of cancer prevention and control measures among 2,074 participants. The level of each participants' core knowledge of cancer prevention and control measures was defined as a rate calculated by the number of correct answers divided by the total number of questions. The binary logistic regression model was used to determine if influencing factors were associated with core knowledge awareness.ResultsIn total, 1,290 participants (62.2%) were in the low knowledge group and 784 (37.8%) were in the high knowledge group. The average knowledge rate of cancer prevention and control measures among all participants was 56.01%. Participants from urban areas, who held white-collar jobs, were married, had a bachelor's degree or above, had a family history of cancer, or self-rated their health level as good or average were associated with higher rates of cancer prevention and control core knowledge (overall p < 0.05).ConclusionThese findings may assist healthcare providers and/or researchers in designing effective primary preventive interventions to enhance the general population's cancer prevention and control knowledge, and subsequently decrease the cancer burden in China.

The semi-heterogeneous g-C3N4/NaI dual catalytic system-driven C–C bond formation between quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and arylhydrazines under blue light irradiation has been reported for the first time. The photo-generated hole acted as a traceless oxidant to turn over the iodide salt redox catalyst cycle and the photo-generated electron served as a clean reductant to promote the bond formation process. A wide range of 3-arylquinoxaline-2 (1H)-ones were obtained in high yields with excellent functional group tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed a novel and efficient method for the synthesis of various 3‐alkylated quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones (32 examples, 70%–96% yields) through electron donor‐acceptor complex enabled alkylation of quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones with N‐ hydroxyphthalimide esters as the alkyl source and Na2S as the catalytic electron donor under external photocatalyst‐, oxidant‐ and additive‐free conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) genes are known to play a crucial role in response to various processes in plant as well as abiotic or biotic stress challenges. We have performed an identification and characterization of 50 bZIP genes across the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) genome, which were divided into 10 clades according to the phylogenetic relationship of the strawberry bZIP proteins with those in Arabidopsis and rice. Five categories of intron patterns were observed within basic and hinge regions of the bZIP domains. Some additional conserved motifs have been found with the group specificity. Further, we predicted DNA-binding specificity of the basic and hinge regions as well as dimerization properties of leucine zipper regions, which was consistent with our phylogenetic clade and classified into 20 subfamilies. Across the different developmental stages of 15 organs and two types of fruits, the clade A bZIP members showed different tissue-specific expression patterns and the duplicated genes were differentially regulated, indicating a functional diversification coupled with the expansion of this gene family in strawberry. Under normal growth conditions, mrna11837 and mrna30280 of clade A showed very weak expression levels in organs and fruits, respectively; but higher expression was observed with different set of genes following drought and heat treatment, which may be caused by the separate response pathway between drought and heat treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because people in Song Dynasty oppose to the monopoly of the "Neo-study of the Classics", they had not given a comprehensive comment on "Wang Xue"--Wang An-shi's scholarship achievement, and only seriously criticized the final product of "Neo-Study"--Neo-Commentaries on Three Classics. This opinion against "Neo-Study" went on, and this criticizing method which focused on part and neglect other parts gradually made the majority scholars after them identify the part as the whole, made "Neo-Study" become another name of "Wang Xue", and made the history of "Wang Xue" covered by the history of "Jinggong Xinxue". During the period of modernization, the meaning of "Neo-Study" changed from a derogatory sense to commendatory sense. Researchers began to have a positive view on "Neo-Study", but they did not distinguish " Neo-Study" from "Wang Xue" and still regard "Jinggong Xinxue" as "Wang Xue". In fact, according to the development of scholarship, "Wang Xue" is an organic-combined order of time, it has three different parts with different characteristics. They are the Original Form, Authority Form(...) and Senectitude Form. Because of the influence of the development of the "localization" of Confucianism in early Song Dynasty, Jinling (Nanking), which was the centre of the place south to the Changjiang River, became the original place for "Wang Xue", where Wang established his scholarship network and the school of his theory. The "Jinling Xue" is the best name for the Original Form of "Wang Xue" before it was authorized and it is scholarship representation of the "intelligentsia in Northern Song Dynasty". Its core was I Ching, so it valued inner cultivation. It had the characteristic of location and creation, which became the basis for the future development. And it became mature scholarship before Wang went to Kaifeng (capital) to work as Prime Minister. "Jinggong Xinxue", which had been used by scholars for many years, was substantially a product of " Jinling Xue" authorized by the government of Northern Song Dynasty. It was also a special name used by scholars at that time to attack the process of Scholar Authorization. It derived from the culture of capital of the nation ,based on Rites of Chou and include Neo-Commentaries on Three Classics, and firmly argued for utility. It has a special political characteristics and was popular when Wang was in the position of Prime Minister, but it did not last for a long time and thus it was just a part of "Wang Xue" and can not be regard as all material for the study of "Wang Xue". In Wang's old ages, he quit from the politics and became a hermit in Jinling and he spend almost all his time on touring, studying Ch'an Buddhism, and pay more attention on human nature, which brought him a new development of his scholarship. So, refreshing the object of study, going out of "Jinggong Xinxue" and paying more attention on the difference and connection between various forms of "Wang Xue" are meaningful for the study of the intellectual history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and practical electron donor-acceptor (EDA) strategy to synthesize various 3-alkylated coumarins from easily available coumarins and naturally abundant carboxylic acids under photocatalyst-, oxidant-, and additive-free and mild conditions is reported. Using Na 2 S as the catalytic electron donor, a series of primary, secondary, and tertiary carbon radicals can be efficiently generated, and the EDA complex can be regenerated without an alkaline additive.