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Investors' confidence in the financial market is boosted by good corporate governance (CG). Good governance builds trust and improves an organization's financial performance (FP). However, organizations with bad management lose the trust of their stakeholders because they do not perform well financially. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the influence of CG 89; on FP through mediating the role of humble leadership (HL) and monetary incentive (MI) as a moderator between CG and HL. Data were collected from 300 respondents who were working in various cement manufacturing organizations located in different cities of Pakistan. The analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25 and AMOS version 22 software to work out the study sample size. The result revealed that the framework of CG has a positive impact in terms of FP. Furthermore, HL positively and significantly mediates on CG, and FP is inextricably linked. However, MI acts as a moderator between CG and HL, but despite strengthening, it weakens the impact of CG' on HL. This study contributes toward the literature, specifically toward the expectancy theory literature. Finally, some theoretical and practical implications at the organizational level are offered, describing how CG influences FP within the organization, and research limitations and future directions are presented.

Investment and construction of energy and transport-related infrastructure are closely linked to the achievement of sustainable development goals. China’s infrastructure-led foreign investment, technical integration, and tourism with Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries have maintained exponential growth. This growth certainly has an impact on economic development mode and environmental sustainability. Therefore, this study examines the impact of infrastructure-led Chinese outward foreign direct investment, tourism development, and technology innovation on carbon emissions across the selected BRI node countries and respective regions. This study employs cross-sectional autoregressive distributive lag model to deal with parameters and cross-sectional heterogeneity. The results exhibit that foreign direct investment and technology innovation reduces carbon emissions in the long run, while tourism development and its interaction with foreign direct investment led to higher emissions in the overall BRI sample. In contrast, the regional estimates show significant variations in the magnitude and direction of the relationship, where foreign direct investment produces an emissions-increasing effect in South Asian and MENA countries. Moreover, the results support the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in overall and regional samples. These results are also endorsed by common correlated effects means group estimator and imply relevant policies.

Under the background of China’s economy gradually entering the new normal, transformation and upgrading has become the only way for manufacturing industry to improve market competitiveness and sustainable development. In order to promote the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises, this paper takes 96 literatures on the influencing factors of the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry as the research object, and conducts a systematic study based on the grounded theory. Through the collection, collation and coding of literature, many categories are formed. After analysis, it is concluded that the influencing factors of the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry include five aspects, namely, the willingness of transformation and upgrading, the ability of transformation and upgrading, the environment of transformation and upgrading, the resources of transformation and upgrading and the development trend. Among them, the willingness and the ability of transformation and upgrading belong to the subjective category. Technological innovation ability is the most important factor affecting the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. Accordingly, this paper puts forward relevant strategies and suggestions to promote the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry.