Search

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver neoplasm worldwide. Based on its potent inhibition of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), S-1 is expected to be more active than other fluoropyrimidines against HCC with DPD activity. This systematic review was aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of S-1 for treatment of advanced HCC. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBA-SE, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the terms "Hepatocellular Carcinoma" or "HCC" or "Hepatoma" or "Liver cancer" and ''S-1''. Outcomes of main interest included overall survival (OS) and toxicities. We identified four studies of S-1 treatment alone from 1059 references, including a total of 272 patients. There were two original articles and two conference abstracts. The percentage of male patients ranged from 88 to 91.3% and median age ranged from 59 to 70 years. Median OS ranged from 8.6 to 16.5 months. The incidences of toxicity of more than 50% were thrombocytopaenia and fatigue. According to the original description, toxicities were acceptable. The current evidence from the available clinical studies suggests that S-1 may be an effective and tolerable treatment for advanced HCC. Further clinical studies are warranted to further investigate this treatment option., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Aim of the Study: To assess the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus S-1 for the treatment of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Stage B HCC refractory to TACE., Material and Methods: 26 patients meeting the eligibility criteria were enrolled. TACE was given on day 1, and S-1 on days 2-15. Tumor assessment was performed one month later according to mRECIST. The primary endpoints were TTP and OS., Results: Twenty-six patients received 176 TACE interventions in all. Fifteen patients of TACE plus S-1 received a total of 55 cycles of treatment of S-1, with a median of 4 cycles (range, 2-6). The total dose of S-1 was 6165 mg per day, while average was 120 mg (range, 100-125 mg) for 15 patients of TACE plus S-1. Median TTP and OS of TACE plus S-1 were 6 months (95% CI: 4.7-7.3) and 18 months (95% CI: 15.3-24.7), respectively, while TACE monotherapy was 4 months (95% CI: 2.4-5.6) and 13 months (95% CI: 9.8-16.2), respectively, and significant differences were detected. Though there were higher DCRs in patients of TACE plus S-1, no significant differences were detected. A total of 612 adverse events occurred during the course of the treatment, 367 in TACE plus S-1 and 245 in TACE mono-therapy. There were significant differences to anorexia and nausea, but they were tolerable., Conclusions: TACE plus S-1 in the present analysis was tolerable and associated with an interesting TTP and OS. TACE plus S-1 may be used as a new treatment method to BCLC Stage B HCC refractory to TACE.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy combined with insterstitial (125)I seed implantation brachytherapy in unresectable staged IIIa/IIIb non-small cell lung cancer., Methods: Seventy six patients with staged IIIa/IIIb non-small cell lung cancer were included in this study. Among them 37 cases were of the study group, treated with NP/GP scheme synchronization chemotherapy combined with (125)I seed implantation brachytherapy, while 39 cases in the control group were given NP/GP scheme chemotherapy. The cumulative survival time and median survival time of the two groups were compared by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The difference of mean survival time between the two groups was analyzed by log-rank method., Results: The study group and the control group achieved a total response rate of 56.8% and 30.8%, local control rate of 78.4% and 56.4%, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The 1-year survival rates of the study group and control group were 66.7% and 45.3%, and the median survival times 15.4 and 11.5 months, respectively, with a significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). The total chemotherapy toxicity rate of the two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The (125)I seed implantation brachytherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy shows a low complication rate, acceptable toxicity, and good therapeutic effectiveness, and is an effective and satisfactory therapeutic modality in the management of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.