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360-degree video is an emerging technology that creates virtually authentic learning environment. It has received considerable attention in the last few years. Nevertheless, not many scholars have reviewed research articles on this technology and its applications in education. This study intends to address this gap. To this end, fifty-two research articles published in the last five years on 360-degree video and its applications in the field of education are reviewed. The study focuses on (1) the tools used in the reviewed research, (2) the theories that were used to frame reviewed research, (3) the methodology used to collect the data, and (4) the findings reported in the reviewed research. In this study, we report the results and make several implications and suggestions for educators and researchers in the field.

In reality, environmental accounting information disclosure still faces a series of issues, such as information asymmetry and lack of transparency. This results in discrepancies in the information held by both buyers and sellers. The party with information advantage may conceal their known information as a means of profit, while the other party takes various actions to obtain information to avoid losses. This article primarily introduces the background of environmental accounting information disclosure and its importance in market operations and management. It then analyses the motives behind accounting games and the potential dynamics of decision-making processes in non-cooperative relationships and conflicts of interest. In the study, qualitative research methods were mainly employed, including literature reviews, specific case studies, and mathematical measurements. Additionally, data on environmental accounting information disclosure from typical publicly listed companies were collected to construct a model of the bargaining relationship and consider its depth quantitatively. The research results indicate that in accounting games, the factors influencing the bargaining of both parties are not singular but are affected by various situations and conditions. Because of the divergent interests pursued by both parties, the intended outcomes of environmental accounting information disclosure, such as information symmetry and transparency, are compromised. Based on these findings, this article presents some optimization suggestions and actionable plans to prevent publicly listed companies from exploiting policy loopholes and to encourage them to more actively fulfill their obligations in disclosing accounting information, thus improving the stability of the domestic market.

Efficient bifunctional catalysts for hydrogen/oxygen evolution reactions (HER/OER) are critical for industrial application of overall water splitting. Herein, a self-supported nanostructure consisting of CoNi–P and embedded carbon dots (denoted as CoNi–P/CDs/NF) with large specific surface area has been designed and fabricated, through a phosphorization process on precursors grown on 3D porous Ni foam. The resultant electrocatalyst exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance for both the HER (45.2 mV@10 mA cm−2) and OER (184.8 mV@20 mA cm−2) under alkaline conditions. The cell voltage of the full water splitting device assembled was only 1.50 V to achieve 20 mA cm−2 and exhibited great durability benefiting from the self-supported nanostructure. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and XPS analysis suggest that the synergistic coupling effect between CDs and substrate CoNi–P could tune the electronic structure. Moreover, the embedded CDs increase electrical conductivity and active sites of the catalyst. Both of these and the high specific surface benefited from the 1D/3D hierarchical structure could explain the excellent electrocatalytic performance. The rational materials design of 1D/3D hierarchical structured non-noble bimetallic phosphide catalysts in this work may suggest a new strategy for designing bifunctional electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), as a non-invasive physical agent modality, was effective in relieving spasticity, reducing pain, and improving dysfunction. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of ESWT on nerve conduction, and to find out whether the ESWT group is superior to the control or other comparison groups, thus providing support for guiding the rehabilitation of peripheral nerve injury in clinical work. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched from inception to August 20, 2024. This review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42024500891). It aimed to compare (1) the ESWT group (ESWT) and baseline, and (2) subgroup analyses: ESWT and the control group (Control), ESWT and the local corticosteroid injection group (LCI), ESWT combined with physical therapy (ESWT + PT) and PT alone, and ESWT and PT. Outcome indicators extracted were nerve conduction study results: sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude, SNAP distal latency, sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude, motor nerve distal latency (MNDL), motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), H/M ratio and H-reflex latency. Results: A total of 879 papers were identified through the database searches. Twenty-four trials were included in the systematic review, and 22 trials were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that: (1) compared to the baseline, ESWT reduced SNAP distal latency mid-term (MD, −0.39; 95% CI: −0.52, −0.26; I 2 = 85%), and improved SNCV both short-term (MD, 4.36; 95% CI: 1.23, 7.49; I 2 = 91%) and mid-term (MD, 2.65; 95% CI: 1.79, 3.51; I 2 = 61%). At the same time, it reduced MNDL short-term (MD, −0.61; 95% CI: −0.91, −0.30; I 2 = 92%), but had no significant effect on MNCV. (2) Subgroup analyses showed that ESWT was superior to Control but not significantly better than LCI, especially in SNCV. The excitatory effect of ESWT + PT on the sensory and motor nerves was significantly better than that of PT alone. Conclusion: ESWT had some excitatory effect on peripheral nerves, especially on sensory nerve studies. Although the efficacy of this treatment was superior to that of the control group, and the combined treatment with PT was more effective than PT alone, its efficacy might not exceed that of LCI. Systematic review registration: Unique identifier: PROSPERO (CRD42024500891). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, characterized by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors that contribute to its onset and progression. Recent advances in researches have illuminated the critical role of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis and development of asthma. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication by transporting a variety of bioactive molecules, including miRNAs, and play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and immune responses, which are central to the inflammatory processes underlying asthma. Exosomal miRNAs are emerging as key players in asthma due to their involvement in various aspects of the disease, including the regulation of inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling. Their ability to influence the behavior of target cells and tissues makes them valuable both as diagnostic biomarkers and as potential therapeutic targets. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the biogenesis of exosomes, the functional roles of exosomal miRNAs in asthma, and their clinical potential. It will explore the mechanisms by which these miRNAs contribute to asthma pathophysiology, discuss their utility in diagnosing and monitoring the disease, and highlight ongoing research efforts to harness their therapeutic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Abstract] Objective: To observe the effect of Pingchuan granules on METTL3-mediated m6A modification of miR-29a-3p in airway epithelial cells, and to clarify its molecular mechanism in inhibiting airway inflammation of asthma. Methods: 16HBE was induced by LPS (50 mg/L) to construct a cell model, and Pingchuan granules-containing serum and dexamethasone were given for intervention. The cell activity was detected by CCK8 assay, the content of inflammatory factors (TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-8) and the m6A modification level of miR-29a-3p were detected by ELISA, the expression of METTL3 and PAN-apoptotic protein was detected by Western blot and the expression of METTL3 and miR-29a-3p was detected by qRT-PCR, respectively. Results: Compared with the model group, Pingchuan granules could significantly increase the activity of 16HBE, inhibit the contents of inammatory factors TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-8, and downregulate PANoptosisTelated proteins p-RIPK3, p-MLKL, cleaved Cas- pase-1, cleaved Caspase-3 and the ratio of GSDMD-NT/FL-GSDMD and GSDME-NT/FL-GSDME, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). In addition, Pingchuan granules can significantly increase the expression levels of miR-29a-3p and METTL3 in 16HBE, and promote the m6A modification level of miR-29a-3p when compared with the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: Pingchuan granules enhance the m6A modification level of miR-29a-3p through METTL3, thereby inhibiting the PANoptosis of airway epithelial cells and improving airway inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite legislative enforcement on authorized drugs, off-label and unapproved pediatric drug use is prevalent. The present study aimed to assess the global prevalence of off-label and unlicensed prescriptions among hospitalized children via meta-analysis. A comprehensive examination of articles published between 1990 and 2023 from the PubMed, Scopus, Excerpta Medica Database, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases was conducted. Key word-based advanced searches were executed using the aforementioned databases. A total of 45 studies that reported the prescriptions of off-label and unlicensed drugs to pediatric patients were included. The global prevalence of off-label and unlicensed drug prescriptions to children in pediatrics or neonatal departments was 56%. Patient sample sizes varied from 40-13,426, with a range of 240-8,891 total prescriptions issued. Of the 45 studies examined, 22 studies originated from Europe, 13 from Asia, 3 from South America, 3 from Africa, and 2 each from North America and Australia. Africa had the highest prevalence rate at 66%, followed by Asia, South America, North America, Australia and Europe. The present meta-analysis demonstrated that the prevalence of off-label and unlicensed drug prescriptions given to pediatric patients was notably high and geographically diverse. Therefore, drug authorities should standardize pediatric prescription practices in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]