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In modern military warfare, the pattern of air-ground coordination with multi-formation has become more and more important. However, the existing target intention recognition methods are effective for single formation, but lack of effective solutions for multi-formation scenarios with air and ground coordination. In this paper, Dynamic Series Bayesian Network is used to identify the intention of air-to-ground cooperative formation. This method firstly constructs an overall model of intention recognition of air-to-ground cooperative formation by using DSBN, which is used to describe the cooperative action process between air and ground formations. Then, events in different battlefield domains and their related probability relations are fused together with auxiliary battlefield information. The inference network is used to recognize the intention of enemy cooperative formation. This method fully considers the behavior rules of the air target, describes its behavior pattern and trend in detail, and is more suitable for the scenario of multi-cooperative target formation. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method is verified by simulation example.

Background and purpose: Anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) adjuvant therapy and targeted therapy have resulted in longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) for malignant melanoma patients in clinical trials. However, the efficacy of adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy in Chinese melanoma patients has not been previously reported. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the RFS in Chinese resected stage Ⅲ malignant melanoma patients treated with adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy and to preliminarily compare it with BRAFV600 inhibitor vemurafenib. Methods: This study retrospectively collected the information of 120 patients with resected stage Ⅲ malignant melanoma from three major cancer centers in China from August 30, 2018 to August 30, 2020. These patients received adjuvant pembrolizumab/toripalimab or vemurafenib. RFS rates were assessed by Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to examined differences. Results: Among the 90 patients with stage Ⅲ malignant melanoma receiving adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy, the median-RFS (mRFS) was 16 months (95% CI: 14-18 months); the 12-month RFS rate was 69.5% (95% CI: 64.6%-74.4%) and the 24-month RFS rate was 45.8% (95% CI: 40.5%-51.1%). The mRFS for 30 patients who received vemurafenib was 18 months (95% CI: 10-21 months), the 12-month RFS rate was 62.8% (95% CI: 54.0%-71.6%), and the 24-month RFS rate was 32.9% (95% CI: 27.1%-44.7%). In the stratified analysis, firstly, there was no difference in RFS between anti-PD-1 therapy group and vemurafenib group. Secondly, the BRAFV600E mutation status may did not affect the RFS of anti-PD-1 therapy. In addition, in this study, for the patients with BRAFV600E mutation, the RFS showed no difference between these patients received anti-PD-1 therapy or vemurafenib. Finally, although the RFS was better in patients with cutaneous melanoma than in patients with acral and worst in patients of unknown origin, the data for adjuvant therapy in China were still poor. Conclusion: These are the real-world data from adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with resected stage Ⅲ cutaneous and acral melanoma patients in China. In our study, adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy is indistinguishable from vemurafenib indicates more combination therapies are needed to improve outcome in China.

Melanoma is one of the most dangerous tumors due to its high-grade malignancy. Though patients in early stage can be completely cured by surgery, for high-risk cases (stage ⅡB-Ⅳ), adjuvant therapy is of great importance to prolong the survival and improve the prognosis. In recent years, thanks to the booming development of systemic regimen, the perioperative managements for stage Ⅲ cases have been continuously evolving. In the current paper, we focused on the role of lymph node biopsy and surgical resection, postoperative adjuvant therapy options, as well as the cutting-edge neoadjuvant therapy development, aiming to provide new perioperative strategies for stage Ⅲ melanoma patients.

Li1.3+xAl0.3-xCoxTi1.7(PO4)3 (x=0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12) ceramics were prepared by high temperature solid-state method. The effects of Co2+ ion doping content on the morphology, phase, ion conductivity, dielectric property and microwave absorption property were studied. Results show that Li1.3+xAl0.3-xCoxTi1.7(PO4)3 ceramics had cubic grains with relative densities of 90%, and they are single rhombohedral LiTi2(PO4)3 phase without any impurity. Li1.34Al0.26Co0.04Ti1.7(PO4)3 ceramic has the highest ionic conductivity of 1.14×10−3 S·cm−1. A lower valent cation occupying the Ti(Al) site can reduce the coulombic repulsion between Li+ ions and skeleton ions, and appropriate doping content can obtain suitable size of Li+ ions channel. Then, Li+ ion has a minimum activation energy of 0.29 eV, which is easy to generate thermal ion relaxation polarization. Therefore, Li1.34Al0.26Co0.04Ti1.7(PO4)3 ceramic also has the highest complex permittivity, ε' is 12.9-13.7 and ε" is 3.1-3.8. In addition, due to the combined effect of polarization loss and conductance loss, it has the optimum microwave absorption property of an absorption bandwidth covering the whole X-band and a minimum reflection loss of −17.3 dB at 9.67 GHz, which is a potential candidate of high-temperature lightweight microwave absorption material.

Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor for store‐operated calcium entry and is closely associated with carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Previously, we found that STIM1 is upregulated in melanoma cells resistant to the serine/threonine‐protein kinase B‐raf inhibitor vemurafenib, although the mechanism underlying this upregulation is unknown. Here, we show that vemurafenib resistance upregulates STIM1 through an epidermal growth factor (EGF)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐Yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1)/TEA domain transcription factor 2 (TEAD2) signaling axis. Vemurafenib resistance can lead to an increase in EGF and EGFR levels, causing activation of the EGFR signaling pathway, which promotes YAP1 nuclear localization to increase the expression of STIM1. Our findings not only reveal the mechanism by which vemurafenib resistance promotes STIM1 upregulation, but also provide a rationale for combined targeting of the EGF/EGFR‐YAP1/TEAD2‐STIM1 axis to improve the therapeutic efficacy of BRAF inhibitor in melanoma patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anemia significantly contributes to the global disease burden, with its incidence potentially influenced by the trace metal content within the body. Objective: This study aims to examine the associations between trace metals and anemia risk, with a particular focus on investigating the potential mediating roles of iron status and inflammation in these associations. Methods: Five trace metals (Ni, Co, Mn, Se, and Mo) were examined in 1274 US adults, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2020. The individual and combined effects of these metals on anemia were assessed using logistic regression, quantile g-computation (QGC), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). A sex-stratified analysis was conducted to discern any gender-specific susceptibilities. Additionally, mediation analysis was employed to explore the potential mediating roles of iron status and inflammation in the associations between these metals and anemia. Results: Increased risks of anemia were positively associated with Co and Ni levels but negatively correlated with Se and Mn levels (all with p < 0.05). The trace metal mixture was negatively associated with anemia, with the highest weights of Co and Se in different directions in both the QGC and BKMR models. In the sex-specific analysis, we observed less pronounced protective effects from trace metals in females. Moreover, the mediating proportion of the iron status and inflammation in these relationships ranged from 10.29% to 58.18%. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the trace element mixture was associated with decreased anemia risk, among which Se was a protective factor while Co was a risk factor, and females were more susceptible. The effects of these trace metals on anemia may be mediated by the iron status and inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZnO nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method in this work. The effects of PVA concentration on the morphology, dielectric properties and microwave absorption properties of ZnO nanofibers were studied. Results show that with the concentration of PVA increases from 6% to 10%, the diameter of ZnO nanofibers becomes smaller, but the knots increase and the thickness is uneven. When the concentration of PVA is 8%, ZnO nanofibers show the best morphology with fine and uniform diameter, smooth surface and less knots. At this point, the complex permittivity of it reaches the highest value with a real part of 15.4-20.8 and imaginary part of 3.6-4.7. It also has an optimum microwave absorption property in a thinner thickness. When the thickness of 70%ZnO nanofiber/paraffin sample is 1.3 mm, the microwave absorption bandwidth of reflection loss below –5 dB reaches 5.4 GHz (12.6-18 GHz), the minimum reflection loss is –16.6 dB. In addition, the content of paraffin also has an important effect on the dielectric property and microwave absorption property of the sample. The complex permittivity of the sample decreases as increasing the content of paraffin. When the content of paraffin is 30% and 20%, the samples have good microwave absorption properties.

The risk of occupational exposure to organic solvents varies across industries due to factors such as processing materials, ventilation conditions, and exposure duration. Given the dynamic nature of organic solvent use and occupational exposures, continuous monitoring and analysis are essential for identifying high-risk hazards and developing targeted prevention strategies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the use of organic solvents and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in different industries in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, China, from 2018 to 2023, to understand their temporal variation and industry-specific differences and to identify high-risk occupational hazards. This study includes 1335 organic solvent samples, used by 414 different industry enterprises, and 1554 air samples. The result shows that the usage of organic solvents in various industries decreased with the outbreak of the pandemic and, conversely, increased as the situation improved. The most frequently detected volatile components in organic solvents were alkanes, followed by aromatic hydrocarbons. The ratios of the detection frequency of VOCs to the total number of detected categories increased year by year after 2020, indicating a tendency towards reduction and concentration of the types of organic solvents used in industrial production. Among the 8 high-risk VOCs, toluene (22.5%), n-hexane (22.0%), xylene (16.1%), and ethylbenzene (15.3%) have relatively high detection rates, suggesting that they need to be focused on in occupational health. Through air samples, the results show that trichloroethylene and xylene pose a high risk to human health (HQ > 1). We recommend that industry should strengthen monitoring of these two VOCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]