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COVID-19 struck the world violently and cause negative psychological consequences on health professionals. The preparedness of social workers for the pandemic is critical while facing these challenges and pressures. The study aimed to explore what are the roles of demographic, employment, and proximity to Covid-19 in predicting preparedness for the next wave of COVID among social workers in Taiwan. A total of 158 participants were conveniently sampled and multiple regression, univariate analysis, and two-way ANOVA were conducted. The results demonstrated that the demographic and employment variables significantly predicted preparedness, and there were significant differences among demographics on preparedness and an interaction effect between seniority and age. Consequently, middle-aged social workers with junior seniority years may have more difficulties in their preparation for the current situation. The implication of our findings is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims The myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is almost inevitable since reperfusion is the only established treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To date there is no effective strategy available for reducing the I/R injury. Our aim was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying myocardial I/R injury and to develop a new strategy for attenuating the damage it causes. Methods and results Using a mouse model established by ligation of left anterior descending artery, we found an increase in activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in myocardium during I/R. Treating the I/R-mice with a pan-PTP inhibitor phenyl vinyl sulfone attenuated I/R damage, suggesting PTP activation to be harmful in I/R. Through analysing RNAseq data, we showed PTPs being abundantly expressed in mouse myocardium. By exposing primary cardiomyocytes ablated with specific endogenous PTPs by RNAi to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), we found a role that PTP-PEST (PTPN12) plays to promote cell death under H/R stress. Auranofin, a drug being used in clinical practice for treating rheumatoid arthritis, may target PTP-PEST thus suppressing its activity. We elucidated the molecular basis for Auranofin-induced inactivation of PTP-PEST by structural studies, and then examined its effect on myocardial I/R injury. In the mice receiving Auranofin before reperfusion, myocardial PTP activity was suppressed, leading to restored phosphorylation of PTP-PEST substrates, including ErbB-2 that maintains the survival signalling of the heart. In line with the inhibition of PTP-PEST activity, the Auranofin-treated I/R-mice had smaller infarct size and better cardiac function. Conclusions PTP-PEST contributes to part of the damages resulting from myocardial I/R. The drug Auranofin, potentially acting through the PTP-PEST-ErbB-2 signalling axis, reduces myocardial I/R injury. Based on this finding, Auranofin could be used in the development of new treatments that manage I/R injury in patients with AMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate how behavioral contagion in terms of mimetic strategy learning within a social network would affect the asset price dynamics. The characteristics of this paper are as follows. First, traders are characterized by bounded rationality and their adaptive learning behavior is represented by the genetic programming algorithm. The use of the genetic programming algorithm allows traders to freely form forecasting strategies with a great potential of variety in functional forms, which are not predetermined but may be fundamental or technical or any mix of these two broad categories, as they need to adapt to the time-varying market environment. The evolutionary nature of the genetic programming algorithm has its merit for modeling mimetic behavior in the context of information transmission in that, other than making duplicates of an entire trading rule as if a mind-reading technique exists, strategy imitation could take place down to the level of building blocks that genetic operators work out or pieces of information that constitute a strategy and are more ready to be transmitted via word-of-mouth communication, which is more intuitive compared to the existing literature. Second, the traders are spatially heterogeneous based on their positions in social networks. Mimetic learning thus takes part in local interactions among traders that are directly tied with each other when they evolve their trading strategies according to the relative performance of their own and their neighbors’. Therefore, specifically, we aim to analyze the effect of network topologies, i.e., a regular lattice, a small-world, a random network, a fully connected network, and a preferential attachment network, on market dynamics regarding price distortion, volatility, and trading volume, as information diffuses across these different social network structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest A conflict of interest occurs when an individual's objectivity is potentially compromised by a desire for financial gain, prominence, professional advancement or a successful outcome. JFMA Editors strive to ensure that what is published in the Journal is as balanced, objective and evidence-based as possible. Since it can be difficult to distinguish between an actual conflict of interest and a perceived conflict of interest, the Journal requires authors to disclose all and any potential conflicts of interest.

Eutrophication of freshwater bodies has become a global environmental problem, and phosphorus (P) has been identified as one of the key limiting factors responsible for this eutrophication problem. Reducing internal P release is crucial to the control of the eutrophication of freshwater bodies besides reducing the input of external P. To control sedimentary P release, magnesium hydroxide[Mg(OH) 2 ] was applied as a capping and amendment material in this study. The adsorption performance of phosphate on Mg(OH) 2 was investigated in batch mode, and the effect of Mg(OH) 2 capping and amendment on the mobilization of P in sediments was studied using sediment incubation experiments. Results showed that Mg(OH) 2 exhibited good adsorption performance toward phosphate. The phosphate removal efficiency of Mg(OH) 2 increased with increasing adsorbent dosage. The adsorption equilibrium data of phosphate on Mg(OH) 2 could be better described by the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models compared to the Langmuir isotherm model. Mg(OH) 2 capping and addition both could effectively control the release of reactive soluble P (SRP) from sediments into the overlying water, resulting in a low concentration of SRP in the overlying water under Mg(OH) 2 capping and amendment conditions. Mg(OH) 2 capping and amendment both could reduce pore water SRP in the uppermost sediment (0-10 mm), which played a key role in the control of the release of SRP from sediments into the overlying water. The as-prepared Mg(OH) 2 possessed a much higher phosphate adsorption ability than commercial Mg(OH) 2 , and the former also had a higher controlling efficiency of sedimentary P release than the latter. In summary, Mg(OH) 2 is a promising capping and amendment material for the control of internal phosphorus release in freshwater bodies.