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A self-supported electrode was designed and prepared for the first time with CeO2 nanoparticles decorated on porous Ni–Fe bimetallic phosphide nanosheets, which were grown on high-conductivity Ni foam. Owing to the strong electronic interactions between the heterostructure interfaces and the introduction of oxygen vacancies, such an electrode displays outstanding oxygen evolution reaction performance with an overpotential of 188 mV at 10 mA cm–2 and the electrolyzer using the electrode as both cathode and anode exhibits a cell voltage of 1.54 V at 10 mA cm–2. The oxygen vacancy engineering strategy was easily achieved by electrodeposition of CeO2 and it can be extended to the design of other high-efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts.

Tenofovir (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) are first-line treatments for patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the effect of TDF versus ETV on the prognosis of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully clarified yet. PubMed, Embase and Web of science were searched up to March, 2021. Meta-analyses were performed for overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) to assess the effect of TDF versus ETV on the prognosis of HBV-related HCC. A total of 10 studies comprising 4706 Asian patients were included. The pooled results revealed that TDF was associated with better OS (adjusted HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.40–0.62; I2 = 36.0%, p = 0.167) and better RFS/DFS (adjusted HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55–0.89, I2 = 71.9%, p = 0.002) than ETV in treatment of HBV-related HCC. Subgroup analysis revealed that OS benefit from TDF was generally consistent, except for patients who underwent non-surgical treatment for HCC. Subgroup analysis also indicated that TDF reduces the risk of late recurrence (HR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18–0.0.93; I2 = 63.0%, p = 0.067) rather than early recurrence (HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.64–1.52; I2 = 61.3%, p = 0.076). Compared with ETV, TDF has the advantage of improving OS and reducing late recurrence of patients with HBV-related HCC patients who underwent resection.

Background: Medical schools prepare undergraduates for clinical practice. Clinical competencies build up gradually and continuously. Existing literature suggests that new graduates are often unprepared for independent practice. This study aims to validate a Chinese version of a Preparedness for Hospital Practice Questionnaire (PHPQ) in a Taiwanese undergraduate cohort. Methods: The original eight-domain English version PHPQ was translated into Chinese and back-translated for expert panel discussion. The eight domains encompass interpersonal skills, confidence, collaboration, management, science, prevention, holistic care, and self-directed learning. Reliability and validity were checked by Cronbach's alpha and by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. Participants were divided into higher and lower preparedness groups according to PHPQ results, and compared by age, sex, professional identity, and perception of educational environment. Results: A total of 129 undergraduate medical students (55% males) participated in the study. The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.94. Participants were found to be best prepared in the domain of disease prevention (M = 4.37, SD = 0.68) and least prepared in interpersonal skills (M = 2.68, SD = 0.77). A satisfactory goodness of fit data was yield from CFA with a CMIN/DF of 2.02. Higher levels of preparedness are associated with stronger professional identity (p

Chun-Cheng Yang,1,* Guang-Xiao Meng,1,* Zhao-Ru Dong,1,* Tao Li1,2 1Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tao Li Tel +86-531-82166651Email litao7706@163.comAbstract: The Rab GTPase family contains almost 70 genes in the human genome and acts as the key regulator of intracellular membrane trafficking in human cells. The dysregulation of Rab GTPase has been shown to be associated with multiple human diseases, ranging from neurodegeneration, and infection to cancer. Rab GTPases not only play important roles in genome replication, morphogenesis and the release of hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), but also contribute to hepatitis-related hepatocarcinogenesis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. The alteration of Rab GTPase expression in HCC plays an important role in tumour cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Notably, the expression of Rab genes can be regulated by some noncoding RNAs, such as miRNAs and circRNAs. Thus, Rab GTPases can serve as promising rational and therapeutic targets for HCC treatments. In this review, we summarized recent advancements in this field focusing on Rab GTPases in HCC.Keywords: Rab GTPase, membrane trafficking, hepatocellular carcinoma, therapeutic target