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Li metal batteries based on solid polymer electrolytes offer the benefits of high energy density and safety, as well as extended cycling life, making them an excellent candidate for the next‐generation battery system. However, current solid polymer electrolytes still suffer from low ion conductivity and Li+ transfer number, which seriously restricts its practical application. Herein, a self‐supporting composite solid polymer electrolyte was prepared, where phenolic resin rich in hydroxyl groups (BR) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) are mixed evenly and poured onto a cellulose membrane in one step. In such an electrolyte, PEO and BR combine to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, lowering the crystallinity of PEO and increasing the Li+ transfer number. Lastly, the obtained solid electrolytes exhibited a high ion conductivity (1.1×10−4 S cm−1) and Li+ transfer number (0.53), as well as improved electrochemical window. Consequently, Li || Li symmetrical cells can run stably for more than 700 h at 0.1 mA cm−2/0.25 mAh cm−2. And full cells with LiFePO4 cathode can also demonstrate high discharge capacity of 152.12 mAh g−1 and rate performance. We believe that such a design based on supramolecular interaction offer a new avenue to advanced solid polymer electrolytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrocatalytic sulfur oxidation reaction (SOR), marked by a multifaceted 16-electron transfer, stands as a pivotal advancement in lithium–sulfur battery technology. In this process, the initial conversion of Li2S to Li2S2 during the charging phase is identified as the rate-determining step, characterized by a significant energy barrier. The integration of a nanoflower-shaped transition metal selenide catalyst on carbon (FeSe2@C) catalyzes the SOR. The synergistic effect of d–p orbital hybridization in the Fe–S bond and the redox cycling between Fe2+ and Fe3+ facilitates electron transfer, thereby lowering the decomposition barrier of Li2S. This has been confirmed through both density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental electrocatalysis. The oxidation of Li2S is reliant on an efficient charge transfer mechanism, where electrons are progressively transferred to intermediate species, leading to direct interactions with Li2S and the formation of Li2S2. This conversion is corroborated by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The FeSe2@C catalyst significantly reduces the activation energy by enhancing charge transfer efficiency. At a current density of 1C, the battery exhibited an initial capacity of 581.3 mA h g−1, with a remarkable capacity retention of 97.5% after 600 cycles and a minimal capacity decay rate of 0.004% per cycle, indicative of superior cyclability. This research propels the electrocatalysis of Li2S in the charging phase of lithium–sulfur batteries, thereby accelerating the kinetics of the SOR and contributing to the field's progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing an interfacial layer to stabilize Zn-metal anodes has been extensively explored, often accompanied by inhibition of Zn dendrites. However, most interfacial layers primarily delay Zn2+ ion transport/transfer, leading to slow Zn deposition due to the ion kinetics hindrance. Basically, this ionic hysteresis effect is inherent to all interfacial layers and will cause unstable Zn deposition over extended cycling periods. Here, we present a simple composite interfacial layer composed of graphene acid (GA) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). In the CNF/GA layer, a delicate balance between the rapid Zn2+ transport/transfer and uniform Zn deposition is achieved. The presence of GA not only demonstrates excellent ion selectivity and suppresses corrosion reactions, but also promotes Zn2+ transport/transfer, significantly reducing the desolvation energy of Zn2+ ions. Consequently, the symmetric cell with CNF/GA coatings achieves a highly stable cycling life of 2920 h, surpassing previous reports using graphene-based and CNF-based protecting layers. Moreover, the full cell based on the CNF/GA protected anodes exhibits excellent long-term stability and maintains an ultra-stable self-discharge retention of 99% after 24 h of standing. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of protective layers for Zn-metal anodes and future grid-scale Zn battery deployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The serious dendrite formation and safety hazards associated with side reactions hinder the practical application of lithium metal batteries. A molecular customization strategy based on both physical and chemical properties is reported. A copolymer of acrylamide and hexafluorobutyl acrylate molecules is used as an artificial solid electrolyte interface(ASEI) for lithium metal to achieve dynamic interface protection during cycling. The amide group serves as the rigid unit, while the hexafluorobutyl group serves as the flexible unit, and imparts excellent mechanical properties to the copolymer. Synergistically abundant C─F bonds exhibit excellent water and oxygen resistance and have good electrolyte affinity. The ester and amide groups serve as amphiphilic sites for Li+ and PF6−, regulating the ion flux at the interface and achieving dendrite‐free lithium deposition. During cycling, the organic–inorganic composite SEI dynamically evolves to safeguard the lithium metal, preventing undue electrolyte consumption. The copolymer achieves stable cycling for 1500 and 950 h at 1 and 2 mA cm−2, respectively. It demonstrates excellent performance with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and LiFePO4 cathodes. This study introduces a new approach to designing polymers at the molecular level to optimize the physical properties/chemical activity of lithium metal interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Layered oxide materials are widely used in the field of energy storage and conversion due to their high specific energy, high efficiency, long cycle life, and high safety. Herein, We summarize the latest research progress in the field of layered metal oxide cathode materials from three aspects: challenges faced, failure mechanisms, and modification methods. We also compare the characteristics of lithium‐based layered oxides and sodium‐based layered oxides, and predict future development directions. The layered oxide cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries and lithium‐ion batteries exhibit overall structural and operational similarities. There are also some differences, such as lattice parameters and application extent. Sodium‐ion battery cathode materials need to explore new materials and address structural instability issues, while lithium‐ion batteries require finding alternative materials and improving production efficiency. Future challenges for both types of materials include enhancing capacity and cycle performance, elucidating deep mechanisms, reducing costs, and improving resource sustainability. Future development should focus on balancing cycle stability and charge cut‐off voltage to meet the growing demand for battery applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wearable sensors are important components, converting mechanical vibration energy into electrical signals or other forms of output, which are widely used in healthcare, disaster warning, and transportation. However, the reliance on batteries limits the portability of wearable sensors and hinders their application in the field of Internet of Things. To solve this problem, we designed a miniaturized high-performance hybrid nanogenerator (MHP-HNG), which combined the functions of triboelectric sensing and electromagnetic power generation as well as the advantages of miniaturization. By optimizing the design of TENG and EMG, the wearable sensor achieved a voltage output of 14.14 V and a power output of 49 mW. Based on the wireless optical communication and wireless communication technologies, the wearable sensor achieved the integration of sensing, communication, and self-powered function, which is expected to realize health monitoring, emergency warning, and rehabilitation assistance, and further extend the potential application value in the medical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheat Fusarium head blight is one of the major diseases affecting the yield and quality of wheat. Accurate and rapid estimation of disease severity is crucial for implementing disease-resistant breeding and scientific management strategies. Traditional methods for estimating disease severity are complex and inefficient, often failing to provide accurate assessments under field conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes a method using a lightweight U-Net model for segmenting wheat spike disease spots to estimate disease severity. Firstly, the model employs MobileNetv3 as its backbone for feature extraction, significantly reducing the number of parameters and computational demand, thus enhancing segmentation efficiency. Secondly, the backbone network has been augmented with a lightweight Coordinate Attention (CA) module, which integrates lesion position information through channel attention and aggregates features across two spatial dimensions. This allows the model to capture long-range feature correlations and maintain positional information, effectively enhancing the segmentation of wheat spike disease spots while ensuring the model's lightweight and efficient characteristics. Lastly, depthwise separable convolutions have been introduced in the decoder in place of standard convolutions, further reducing the model's parameter count while maintaining performance. Experimental results show that the model's segmentation Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) reached 88.87%, surpassing the U-Net model by 3.49 percentage points, with a total parameter count of only 4.52 M, one-sixth of the original model. The improved model demonstrates its capability to segment individual wheat spike disease spots under field conditions and estimate the severity of infestation, providing technical support for disease identification research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to zinc dendrites and parasitic reactions, aqueous Zn‐metal batteries often suffer from poor reversibility and cyclability. Electrolyte additives present a promising strategy to improve Zn anode stability. However, the ever‐evolving perspectives and mechanisms, paradoxically, complicate battery design, causing a scenario where any electrolyte additive seems to be effective. Herein, it is taken ionic liquid (IL) additives as an example and detailed explored the impact of three typical IL anions, namely OTF−, TFA−, and BF4−. It is identified that the primary determinant of electrolyte additives as their electrical double layer (EDL) structures and their subsequent solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI) composition. An advantageous EDL structure, akin to an ion‐shield, can reduce the absorption of H2O molecules, which further enrich the SEI with zincophilic and hydrophobic components, thereby mitigating parasitic reactions and Zn dendrite formation. As a result, the Zn||Zn cell with optimal [EMIM]OTF additives demonstrates an exceptional cycling life under challenging conditions, its cumulative plated capacity surpasses most previously reported results by utilizing different IL additives. This work extends beyond performance enhancements, representing a valuable exploration of key criteria for electrolyte additives is believed. These insights are expected to offer fundamental guidance for future research and electrolyte design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic electrode materials are promising for next‐generation energy storage materials due to their environmental friendliness and sustainable renewability. However, problems such as their high solubility in electrolytes and low intrinsic conductivity have always plagued their further application. Polymerization to form conjugated organic polymers can not only inhibit the dissolution of organic electrodes in the electrolyte, but also enhance the intrinsic conductivity of organic molecules. Herein, we synthesized a new conjugated organic polymer (COPs) COP500‐CuT2TP (poly [5,10,15,20‐tetra(2,2′‐bithiophen‐5‐yl) porphyrinato] copper (II)) by electrochemical polymerization method. Due to the self‐exfoliation behavior, the porphyrin cathode exhibited a reversible discharge capacity of 420 mAh g−1, and a high specific energy of 900 Wh Kg−1 with a first coulombic efficiency of 96 % at 100 mA g−1. Excellent cycling stability up to 8000 cycles without capacity loss was achieved even at a high current density of 5 A g−1. This highly conjugated structure promotes COP500‐CuT2TP combined high energy density, high power density, and good cycling stability, which would open new opportunity for the designable and versatile organic electrodes for electrochemical energy storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]