Search

We study discrete-time random walks on networks subject to a time-dependent stochastic resetting, where the walker either hops randomly between neighboring nodes with a probability $1-\phi(a)$, or is reset to a given node with a complementary probability $\phi(a)$. The resetting probability $\phi(a)$ depends on the time $a$ since the last reset event (also called $a$ the age of the walker). Using the renewal approach and spectral decomposition of transition matrix, we formulize the stationary occupation probability of the walker at each node and the mean first passage time between arbitrary two nodes. Concretely, we consider that two different time-dependent resetting protocols that are both exactly solvable. One is that $\phi(a)$ is a step-shaped function of $a$ and the other one is that $\phi(a)$ is a rational function of $a$. We demonstrate the theoretical results on two different networks, also validated by numerical simulations, and find that the time-modulated resetting protocols can be more advantageous than the constant-probability resetting in accelerating the completion of a target search process., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2105.08323

In the present work, we study random walks on complex networks subject to stochastic resetting when the resetting probability is node-dependent. Using a renewal approach, we derive the exact expressions of the stationary occupation probabilities of the walker on each node and the mean first passage time between arbitrary two nodes. Finally, we demonstrate our theoretical results on three networks with two different resetting protocols, validated by numerical simulations as well. We find that under a delicate setting it is advantageous to optimize the efficiency of a global search on such networks by the node-dependent resetting probability., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a group of malignant tumors with high rates of malignancy and metastasis. OS most commonly affects adolescents and young individuals. However, owing to the lack of effective targeted treatments, the 5-year survival rate for OS is still around 20%. Thus, it is essential to develop effective drugs with low toxicity for OS treatment. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effect and underlying mechanism of cyy260 in OS via suppressing PDGFR-β and its downstream pathway. We demonstrated that cyy260 inhibits OS cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis via inducing DNA damage and causing cell cycle arrest. More importantly, cyy260 also significantly inhibits tumor migration. Further analysis of molecular mechanisms confirmed that PDGFR-β and its downstream AKT, STAT3, and ERK were involved in the cyy260-mediated antitumor effect. Analysis of subcutaneously transplanted tumors in mice showed that cyy260 suppressed tumor cell growth and exhibited low toxicity in vivo. Collectively, these findings proved that cyy260 could serve as a promising PDGFR-β inhibitor for the treatment of OS.

Introduction Sierra Leone has one of the highest burdens of febrile illnesses in the world. As the incidence of malaria diminishes, a better understanding of the spectrum of etiological agents was important for accurate diagnosis and empirical treatment of febrile illness. Methods Blood, nasopharyngeal, and fecal specimens were collected from febrile patients for serological, molecular detection, and microbiologic culture to identify potential pathogens. Results For this prospective study, 142 febrile patients were enrolled. The prevalence of malaria was higher in children aged 5–15 years old (P = 0.185) and adults (P = 0.018). Acute respiratory infection (ARI) presented more commonly in the under 5 years old group (P = 0.009). For diarrhea, all children groups (P = 0.024) were predominant. A total of 22.5% of the febrile patients had malaria infection, 19.7% had typhoid infection, and 2.8% were coinfected with malaria and typhoid. ARI was the most common causes of fever, accounting for 31.7% of patients, influenza A virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and five other respiratory pathogens were found. Diarrhea accounted for 16.2%, and seven kinds of diarrhea bacteria were isolated. Hepatitis B accounted for 8.5%, including five cases of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and ascites smear staining were both Gram-negative bacteria. Tuberculous encephalitis, parasitic diseases (ascaris and filariasis), and skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 0.7%, 2.1%, and 0.7%, respectively. Conclusions Evidence of a wide spectrum of febrile etiological agents other than malaria was identified. The spread of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) out of hospital and establishment of a national standard for Widal test will reduce the misdiagnosis of febrile diseases. Antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria are helpful for empirical treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00474-y., Plain Language Summary Sierra Leone has one of the highest burdens of febrile illnesses in the world. Evidence of a wide spectrum of febrile pathogens other than malaria has been proven in this study. We considered that the etiology of febrile patients was closely related to local geography, heredity, immune features, economic industry, living habits, air pollution, medical and health conditions, and this was fully analyzed and discussed. The screening process used in this study can further simplify and identify the etiological agents of fever in more than 70% of the study population. This laid the foundation for the establishment of a more simplified and efficient diagnosis and treatment process in the local area. We also found the characteristics of age distribution of different febrile diseases. Children were an important susceptible population to fever. This study indicated the importance of reliable diagnostic tests for febrile pathogens and provided the necessary information for RDT requirements. The spread of malaria RDTs out of hospital and establishment of a national standard for Widal test will reduce the misdiagnosis of febrile diseases. For empirical treatment, antimalarial treatment was still targeted at falciparum malaria in Sierra Leone. Antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria contributed to the empirical treatment of febrile diseases. For patients with acute respiratory tract infection, Gram-positive coccal antibiotics could be candidates for treatment. In addition, systematic and professional treatment of liver diseases should be promoted to reduce infection complications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00474-y.

The grinding process in concentration plants is very important. A mineral feeding control system is designed with information fusion method and expert control strategy. The paper puts emphasis on the reliable information acquisition, and the mineral feeding expert control strategy. Firstly, based on multi-source information fusion, the precise process data is acquired and the stable status of the device is monitored. Through analysis and synthesis of the data from a variety of sensors, the measurement accuracy is improved, confidence is increased, fault tolerance is enhanced, and the best status estimate of the test objects and their properties is achieved. Secondly, the proposed new combination formula uses the distance among evidences to find the trustworthiness, to correct the evidence sources, and adds up the value of the basic belief of the unknown elements. It uses both the multiplicative and additive operators, comprehensively considers the issue of convergence concentration and conflict redistribution. At last, based on the accurate process data and reliable status of the object, Expert PID control strategy is used, which realizes stable mineral feeding quantity control. The application of information fusion raises the measurement accurate process values or status in the mineral feeding process and improves the ability of the fault tolerance. The Expert PID strategy makes the mineral feeding system run more stably and effectively.

Due to the defects of the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, using Dempster's rule to combine evidences has limitations. Aiming at the problem of "one-vote veto" in Dempster's rule, and the defects of its improved methods in dealing with conflicting evidences, this paper proposes a new combination rule of evidence. When there is a heavy conflict among the to-be-combined evidence groups, the trustworthiness of the evidence is obtained based on the distance between the evidences, the evidences are corrected, and then conflict evidences are distributed in the focal elements using a new combination rule. When the evidences are almost consistent with each other, the Dempster's rule is chosen to combine evidences. The numerical examples show that the new combination rule of evidence makes the best use of the concordant or conflicting information in the to-be-combined evidence groups, and accurately and efficiently conduct evidence combination and target recognition.

The polymerization process is the basis stage of PAN-based carbon fiber production, and its temperature control affects directly the quality and yield of the last products. However, the polymerization process releases a lot of heat rapidly and it has the serious time delay character, which make it is very complex to control the polymerization process. The paper firstly analyzes the polymerization process model, gives its CARIMA parametric equation, provides the original data excited by the generalized binary noise signal, and identifies the model parameters based on the recursive least square algorithm with fading memory. Secondly, the paper introduces an improved generalized predictive control (GPC) algorithm and analyses its stability. The algorithm applies recursive optimization to solve the problems as large calculation amount and memory occupation caused by the normal GPC. Finally, the polymerization temperature control system is realized in the cascade frame based on the monitoring layer and the control layer. The practice shows that polymerization temperature control system with the improved GPC algorithm runs well and has evident effect with effective control.

The polymerizing process is the first stage in PAN-based carbon fiber production, and it affects directly the quality and yield of the final products. It has very important significance to analyze the polymerizing process, research and design proper and effective supervisory control strategies. On the basis of analyzing polymerizing process, the paper provides design and realization methods of the process supervisory control system, and it puts emphasis on data acquisition based on multi-source information fusion and the cascade control of polymerizing temperature. Firstly, based on multi-source information fusion, the status of the device is monitored and the process data is acquired. Through analysis and synthesis of the data from a variety of sensors, the measurement accuracy is improved, confidence is increased, fault tolerance is enhanced, and the best consensus estimate of the test objects and their properties is achieved. Then, based on the accurate and reliable test data, the cascade control structure is designed, and in which program control, split range control, Expert PID and PID with dead-zone control strategies are synthetically used. Practical operation shows that the polymerizing process supervisory control is timely, accurate and system runs stably with obvious effectiveness.

The grinding process in concentration plants of the metallurgical industry is of great importance. A mineral feeding supervisory control system in the grinding process was designed with the idea of reliable data acquisition and the management and control integration. The paper puts emphasis on data acquisition based on multi-source information fusion, the mineral feeding control algorithm, and the proper supervisory methods. Firstly, based on multi-source information fusion, the status of the device is monitored and the process data is acquired. Through analysis and synthesis of the data from a variety of sensors, the measurement accuracy is improved, confidence is increased, fault tolerance is enhanced, and the best consensus estimate of the test objects and their properties is achieved. Then, based on the accurate and reliable test data, the mineral feeding control algorithm is designed. In the algorithm logic switching program control, sampling control and integration apart PID are synthetically used, the former makes the four mineral feeding machines run by turns and the latter realizes stable mineral feeding quantity control. Finally, several proper supervisory methods such as process flow graphs, statistical report forms, history trending etc., are described in brief. The practical operation shows that the mineral feeding supervisory control is timely, accurate and the system runs stably with obvious effectiveness.