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This paper addresses the nonstationary quantized control problem for the discrete-time Markov jump singularly perturbed systems (MJSPSs) subject to deception attacks (DAs). The control inputs are characterized by randomly occurring DAs and nonstationary quantization simultaneously, where the DAs are depicted by means of a Bernoulli distributed sequence. By applying a multi-layer structure methodology (MLSM), the nonstationary controllers are devised for MJSPSs. Meanwhile, the correlation among system mode, controller mode, and quantizer mode are portrayed via the nonstationary Markov process. Based on a mode-dependent Lyapunov functional, sufficient criteria are established such that the resulting closed-loop system (CLS) is stochastic mean square exponential ultimately bounded (SMSEUB), and the desired controller is designed. Ultimately, two simulation examples are offered to elaborate on the validity and superiority of the proposed theoretical results.

A massively parallel array of monoclonal antibodies enables rapid antibody development and target discovery across species., Antibodies are essential for elucidating gene function. However, affordable technology for proteome-scale antibody generation does not exist. To address this, we developed Proteome Epitope Tag Antibody Library (PETAL) and its array. PETAL consists of 62,208 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against 15,199 peptides from diverse proteomes. PETAL harbors binders for a great multitude of proteins in nature due to antibody multispecificity, an intrinsic antibody feature. Distinctive combinations of 10,000 to 20,000 mAbs were found to target specific proteomes by array screening. Phenotype-specific mAb-protein pairs were found for maize and zebrafish samples. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry mAbs for membrane proteins and chromatin immunoprecipitation–sequencing mAbs for transcription factors were identified from respective proteome-binding PETAL mAbs. Differential screening of cell surface proteomes of tumor and normal tissues identified internalizing tumor antigens for antibody-drug conjugates. By finding high-affinity mAbs at a fraction of current time and cost, PETAL enables proteome-scale antibody generation and target discovery.

Antibodies are essential for elucidating the roles of genes decoded by genome sequencing. However, affordable technology for proteome-scale antibody generation does not exist. To address this, we developed the Proteome Epitope Tag Antibody Library (PETAL) and its array. PETAL consists of 62,208 mAbs against 15,199 peptides from diverse proteomes. PETAL harbors binders for a great multitude of proteins in nature due to antibody multispecificity, an intrinsic feature of an antibody. Distinctive combinations of 10,000-20,000 mAbs were found to target specific proteomes by array screening. Phenotype-specific mAb-target pairs were discovered for maize and zebrafish samples. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry mAbs for human membrane proteins and ChIP-seq mAbs for transcription factors were identified from respective proteome-binding PETAL mAbs. Differential screening of cell surface proteomes of tumor and normal tissues discovered internalizing tumor antigens for antibody-drug conjugates. By discovering high affinity mAbs at a fraction of current time and cost, PETAL enables proteome-scale antibody generation and target discovery.

Thermal load is one of the most important design conditions that should be considered carefully in engineering practice. Most inner-pressure vessels suffer thermo-mechanical ratcheting or unacceptable plastic deformation under cyclic thermal stress produced by inside heat source and pressure-induced primary stress. However, thermal load is also a crucial factor for external-pressure vessels where the failure model of buckling should not be ignored. The effect of thermal load on buckling is not only thermal stress itself but also shape distortion due to thermal load. In some cases, the latter is more important. In this paper, an external-pressure thin-walled ellipsoidal head with heating jackets has been studied. The temperature of this structure is uniformly distributed along the thickness direction but changes alternately between hot and cold along the meridional direction, which will have a significant effect on buckling behavior of this typical structure. Buckling load is sensitive to initial defect and small deformation. Several comparative calculations based on nonlinear buckling analysis have been conducted and some laws are established. Finally, some useful conclusions and suggestions are proposed for engineering design.

The thermal load is one of important design condition that should be considered carefully in engineering practice. In most instances, the heat source is located inside the vessel, which causes a temperature gradient along the thickness, especially when the thickness is large. In this case, secondary stress should be considered and thermal ratcheting should be checked. In this paper, a thin-walled ellipsoidal head with heating spiral was studied. In this structure, temperature is uniformly distributed along the thickness but changes alternately between hot and cold along the meridional direction. This has a significant effect not only on the head itself but also on the nozzle. For the nozzle, its elastic support condition has been changed and then its stress distribution will also be changed. In this paper, several cases have been calculated and some laws are established. Finally, some useful conclusions and suggestions are proposed for engineering design.

In the past, shakedown evaluation was usually based on the elastic method that the sum of the primary and secondary stress should be limited to 3Sm or the simplified elastic-plastic analysis method. The elastic method is just an approximate analysis, and the rigorous evaluation of shakedown normally requires an elastic-plastic analysis. In this paper, using an elastic perfectly plastic material model, the shakedown analysis was performed by a series of elastic-plastic analyses. Taking a shell with a nozzle subjected to parameterized temperature loads as an example, the impact of temperature change on the shakedown load was discussed and the shakedown loads of this structure at different temperature change rates were also obtained. This study can provide helpful references for engineering design.

A calculation model for a tube-sheet under thermal shock loading with the finite element code ANSYS is established in this paper. A three-dimensional finite element model is established to simulate thermal shock process in order to obtain temperature and stress distributions of the structure. The duration time of the thermal shock is taken as about ten seconds and thermal cycling numbers are more than 1000 times for the whole service life of the structure. In order to capture accurate temperature and stress profile of this structure, thermo-mechanical coupling approach and transient thermal analysis is used. Temperature and stress distribution are obtained under the given thermal boundary conditions at different time points and it is also easy to get the stress amplitude of the other points in this structure between any two time points. According to the numerical results, the stress induced by thermal shock changes with time and its magnitude and amplitude cannot be ignored. Strength and fatigue evaluations are also performed according to ASME VIII-2 to ensure its safety.

We report here the initial results that polybenzimidazole can be dissolved in and regenerated from, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and other hydrophilic ionic liquids, which may enable the application of ionic liquids as alternatives to environmentally undesirable solvents currently used for dissolution of this polymer.

In foreign language education where culture has been integrated as a core curricular component, a “categorical approach” to the concept of culture has been the mainstay. Depending on the orientation of the times, academic debate has been focused on what category of culture should be emphasized in the second language classroom. “Behavioral culture” has replaced “achievement culture” as the center of instruction in many foreign language programs. Although supporting its many premises, this article intends to point out the inadequacies of such a focus through an exposition of the original interconnectedness of each category of culture. Stressing the importance of the “cultural mind” in communicative processes, this article argues for going beyond behavior in the instruction of culture to identify, through an interdisciplinary approach, the values and beliefs that shaped a given behavior in a second culture in the first place.

Etude comparative de la perception et de la pratique de la langue en Chine et en Occident. Soulevant la question linguistique de la metaphoricite du langage qui designe ce qui excede la signification dans le jeu du signe, d'une part, et soulevant la question epistemologique du langage comme lieu de la verite, d'autre part, l'A. parvient aux conclusions suivantes: la premiere question entraine la philosophie occidentale dans une impasse concernant l'interpretation litteraire, alors qu'elle permet a la tradition chinoise de sortir de l'impasse du sens; la seconde question confronte la philosophie occidentale a une distinction illusoire entre l'ontologie et l'epistemologie, alors qu'elle concerne dans la culture chinoise une realite non-linguistique qui est l'homme lui-meme

China's Peril and Promise is an advanced Chinese reader in two volumes, prepared for students who would like to enhance their understanding of modern China in general and modern Chinese literature and intellectuals in particular, through reading authentic materials. The selections--which span the twentieth century and include essays, short stories, biographies, and criticism--expose the students not only to a variety of modern Chinese literary genres but also to some of the major substantive issues that modern Chinese intellectuals have faced. Audio and video materials are available for use with this text. For further information, contact the Chinese Linguistics Project, 231 Palmer Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. 08544. (609-258-4269).

I. Du shi ("understanding poetry") or jie shi ("interpreting poetry") ? Many Western critics seem to take for granted that to read a poem is to understand it in terms of its linguistic meaning. They talk about "meaning" or "text": both words have almost become occupational cliches and have caused endless debates in contemporary Western literary criticism. Yet questions like "Is there an objective meaning in the text?", "Where is the text located, in the author, reader or text itself?" and so on, have hardly surfaced in Chinese literary discussions. For Chinese critics and poets, reading a literary text is not so much a cognitive as an aesthetic activity. To engage in a poem is not merely to interpret its linguistic meaning, but to have an evaluative and, above all, an emotional response to it. Let us consider how two poems are read, or are assumed to be read, in their distinctive cultural traditions